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Some problems of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in the clinical use (1993)

Morita, R. ; Orimo, H. ; Yamamoto, I. ; [et al.]

Springer

Osteoporosis international 3 (1993), S. 87-90

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ISSN: 1433-2965

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Conclusions The recent developments in both instrumentation and software have led to the widespread use of DXA in osteoporosis. Although DXA has advantages over other techniques, it is important to give the pitfalls and limitations of DXA careful consideration to ensure its effective clinical application.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01621874

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Chronic intramedullary infusion of interleukin-1α increases bone mineral content in rats (1994)

Takada, M. ; Yamamoto, I. ; Morita, R.

Springer

Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 103-108

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: Interleukin-1 ; Indomethacin ; Prostaglandin E2 ; Bone formation ; Intramedullary infusion

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Abstract Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is known to have a potent bone-resorbing activity in vitro, however, results from in vivo studies are conflicting. We performed experiments with the continuous infusion of recombinant IL-1α directly into the femoral bone marrow of rats for 2 weeks and examined its effects on bone by soft X-ray photographs, bone mineral assessment, and histological examination. Infusion of IL-1α at doses greater than 1 μg/ml (0.6 ng/hour) caused sclerosis around the infusion site on soft X-ray photographs, and the bone mineral content of IL-1α infused femora was increased significantly. Histologically, extensive periosteal bone formation was observed around the infusion site and small mononuclear cells replaced the normal fat tissue. Infusion of prostaglandin E2 alone produced intramedullary bone formation more extensively. Simultaneous infusion of IL-1α and indomethacin (10-3 M; 179 ng/hour) inhibited the increase of bone mineral content (BMC) induced by IL-1α. Thus, the chronic intramedullary administration of IL-1α stimulates bone formation, especially in the periosteum, and increases BMC in intact rats.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297184

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In vitro binding of the carcinogen N-[methyl-14C]-nitrosodimethylamine by algal dietary fibers and their role in reducing its bioaccumulation (1993)

Maruyama, H. ; Yamamoto, I.

Springer

Journal of applied phycology 5 (1993), S. 201-205

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ISSN: 1573-5176

Keywords: algae ; algal dietary fibers ; algal preparation ; bioaccumulation ; N-[methyl-14C]-DMNA

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract The present study was initiated to determine if algal dietary fibers (DF) bind the carcinogen N-[methyl-14C]-nitrosodimethylamine (DMNA) in vitro and how bioaccumulation of orally-given carcinogen is affected by a diet containing algal DF. Eight kinds of algal DF, including powdered fronds of Laminaria religiosa (LRP) and agar (from Gracilaria verrucosa) were used in the in vitro test. Cellulose powder (CP) was used as a control DF. In vitro binding rates of DMNA by CP, LRP and agar were 0.28%, 0.65% and 0.21% of the initial dose, respectively. Rats fed a diet containing 2% LRP or 2% agar were examined at 3 or 24 h after dosing. There was reduced retention of the orally-ingested DMNA in the liver, possibly because of reduced DMNA-absorption from the intestinal tract earlier than 3 h after dosing. Binding rates of DMNA by algae were neither related to the DF values nor to the extent of reduction of DMNA-absorption from the intestinal tract.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004018

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Effects of α-tocopherol and its acetate on the hydrolytic activity of phospholipase D in egg yolk phosphatidylcholine bilayers (1994)

Yamamoto, I. ; Mazumi, T. ; Asai, Y. ; [et al.]

Springer

Colloid & polymer science 272 (1994), S. 598-603

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ISSN: 1435-1536

Keywords: Phospholipase D ; α-tocopherol ; α-tocopherol acetate ; egg yolk phosphatidylcholine

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: Abstract Effects of α-tocopherol (Toc) and α-tocopherol acetate (TocA) on the hydrolysis activity of phospholipase D (fromStreptomyces chromofuscus) were studied in small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (PC). Choline produced in the reaction was monitored by use of a choline oxidase — oxygen electrode. Addition of 18 mol% Toc into SUV (2 mM PC) brought about a twofold rate of choline production. On the other hand, the effect of 18 mol% TocA in SUV was very small. The apparent maximum velocity,V max(app), increased by addition of Toc in SUV. The apparent Michaelis constant,K m(app), was unchanged by addition of Toc and TocA in SUV. The Toc and TocA molecules did not have significant effects when PC was solubilized in the micelles of heptaethylene glycol dodecyl ether. The effects of Toc and TocA are, therefore, not due to specific ones on the enzyme itself, but rather upon the bilayer-organization of the substrate. Measurements of spreading pressure showed complete miscibility of PC and Toc, and limited mutual solubility of PC and TocA, suggesting stronger attractive interactions between Toc and PC than those between TocA and PC in the bilayers.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00653227

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Effect of dizocilpine (MK-801) on the catalepsy induced by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in mice (1994)

Kinoshita, H. ; Hasegawa, T. ; Katsumata, Y. ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of neural transmission 95 (1994), S. 137-143

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ISSN: 1435-1463

Keywords: MK-801 ; THC-induced catalepsy ; dopamine ; acetylcholine ; mouse

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary Mice treated with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 5 and 10mg/kg i.v.) showed the catalepsy in high bar test, and median descent latencies of catalepsy were about 150 sec. Dizocilpine (MK-801, 0.05 and 0.1mg/kg), non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, significantly attenuated THC-induced catalepsy. Furthermore, the anticataleptic effect of MK-801 on THC-induced catalepsy was blocked by acetylcholine agonist oxotremorine (0.005 mg/kg) and dopamine antagonist haloperidol (0.01mg/kg), but not by NMDA. Oxotremorine, haloperidol, and NMDA themselves did not affect THC-induced catalepsy at the doses used. These results suggest that the anticataleptic effect of MK-801 on THC-induced catalepsy may be developed through dopaminergic and acetylcholinergic neuronal systems.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276432

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