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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    SOTALOL AS A HYPOTENSIVE AGENT IN PREGNANCY (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 87 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Sotalol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, was administered to 12 hypertensive pregnant women. The concentration of the drug was assayed in samples of maternal plasma, amniotic fluid and mixed umbilical cord plasma at delivery and, in five mothers who elected to breast feed, in paired samples of maternal plasma and breast milk. Sotalol reduced blood pressure effectively at a mean daily dose of 433·1±54·1 mg but crossed the placental barrier. The mean maternal: fetal plasma concentration ratio was 1:1·05 and the mean amniotic fluid concentration was 7·0±2·7 μg/ml. Delivery occurred at mean gestational age of 37·7±0.7 weeks; 12 infants were liveborn with a mean weight of 2·8±0·1 kg and eight of them had no significant neonatal problems. Of the other four, two died from severe congenital anomalies, one had perinatal asphyxia and one mild transient hypoglycaemia. High sotalol concentrations were found in breast milk (mean plasma: milk ratio was 1:5·4) raising the possibility of pharmacological effect in the newborn infant. The results suggest that sotalol adequately controls blood pressure in hypertension complicating pregnancy but because, unlike results from the pregnant ewe, it crosses the human placental barrier it offers no apparent advantages over other beta-adrenoceptor antagonists.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04618.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    THE UTERINE AND CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF SALBUTAMOL AND PRACTOLOL DURING LABOUR (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 82 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Intravenous salbutamol, a β-adrenoceptor stimulant, given to nine patients in normal labour, with continuous monitoring of uterine activity and of the maternal and fetal cardiovascular systems, was shown to decrease uterine activity significantly; maternal and fetal heart rates were significantly increased, and maternal systolic and diastolic arterial pressures were significantly decreased during the infusion, although no treatment had to be discontinued because of these effects. Apart from worsening of low back pain during the infusion in one patient, subjective sideeffects were trivial. With the salbutamol infusion continued at an effective maintenance rate, the cardioselective β-adrenoceptor blocking drug, practolol, given intravenously, reduced the maternal heart rate (although not significantly) but it did not alter the fetal heart rate; it also appeared to interfere transiently with the inhibiting action of salbutamol on uterine activity, but cervical dilatation was arrested until the salbutamol infusion was discontinued. At least in five patients, labour remained suppressed until oxytocin was infused intravenously.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00667.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular characterization of the clumping factor (fibrinogen receptor) of Staphylococcus aureus (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 11 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Four mutants of Staphylococcus aureus strain Newman that were defective in the fibrinogen receptor (clumping factor) were isolated by transposon Tn917 mutagenesis. Southern hybridization analysis of the mutants identified transposon-host DNA junction fragments, one of which was cloned and used to generate a probe to identify and clone the wild-type clumping factor locus (clfA). The mutants failed to form clumps in soluble fibrinogen and adhered poorly to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) coverslips coated with fibrinogen. A single copy of the clfA gene, when introduced into the chromosome of the mutant strains, fuily compiemented the ciumping deficiency of these strains and restored the ability of these mutants to adhere to fibrinogen-coated PMMA. in addition, the cloned clfA gene on a shuttle plasmid aiiowed the weakiy ciumping strain 8325-4 to form clumps with the same avidity as the wild-type strain Newman and also significantly enhanced the adherence of 8325-4 strains. Thus the formation of clumps in soluble fibrinogen correlated with adherence of bacteria to solid-phase fibrinogen. The clfA gene encodes a fibrinogen-binding protein with an apparent molecular mass of c. 130 kDa. The amino acid sequence of the protein was deduced from the DNA sequence; it was predicted that a 896 residue protein (molecular mass 92 kDa) would be expressed. The putative ClfA protein has features that suggest that it is associated with the ceil surface. Furthermore it contains a novel 308 residue region comprising dipeptide repeats predominantly of Asp and Ser ending 28 residues upstream from the LPXTG motif common to wall-associated proteins. Significant homology was found between the ClfA protein and the fibronectin-binding proteins of S. S. aureus, particularly in the N-and C-termini.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00304.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Surface-associated proteins of Staphylococcus aureus: Their possible roles in virulence (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 118 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A class of proteins that are associated with the cell surface of Gram-positive bacteria has been recognised. Common structural features which are implicated in the proper secretion and attachment of these proteins to the cell surface occur in the C-termini. N-terminal domains interact with the host by binding to soluble host proteins, to matrix proteins or to host cells. They probably have important roles in pathogenicity by allowing bacteria to avoid host defences and by acting as adhesins. Four such proteins of Staphylococcus aureus have been characterised: protein A (immunoglobulin binding protein), fibronectin binding proteins, collagen binding protein and the fibrinogen binding protein (clumping factor). Site-specific mutants are being used to define their roles in pathogenesis in in vitro and in vivo models of adherence and infection.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06828.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Adhesion properties of mutants of Staphylococcus aureus defective in fibronectin-binding proteins and studies on the expression of fnb genes (1995)
    Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL, UK : Blackwell Scientific Publications
    Molecular microbiology 17 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4 has the potential to express two distinct cell wall-associated fibronectin-binding proteins called FnBPA and FnBPB. In order to test if both proteins are expressed in S. aureus and if both are required for promoting bacterial adhesion to fibronectin-coated surfaces, insertion mutations were isolated in each gene. A DNA fragment encoding tetracycline resistance was inserted into fnbA and a fragment encoding erythromycin resistance was inserted into fnbB. A double fnbA fnbB mutant was also constructed. The fnbA and fnbB single mutants showed no significant reduction in their adhesion to polymethylmethacrylate coverslips that had been coated in vitro with fibronectin. However, the double mutant was completely defective in adhesion. Monospecific antibodies directed against the non-conserved N-terminal regions of both proteins confirmed the lack of expression of FnBPs in the mutant strains. Wild-type fnbA and fnbB genes cloned seperately on a multicopy plasmid were each able to restore fully the adhesion-defective phenotype of the 8325-4 fnbA fnbB mutant. This demonstrates that both fnb genes are expressed in S. aureus and that both contribute to the ability of strain 8325-4 to adhere to fibronectin-coated surfaces. The double mutant was also defective in adhesion to coverslips that had been removed from tissue cages implanted subcutaneously in guinea-pigs, which suggests that fibronectin is important in promoting attachment of S. aureus to biomaterial in vivo.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17061143.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of the ligand-binding domain of the surface-located fibrinogen receptor (clumping factor) of Staphylococcus aureus (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 16 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to bind to fibrinogen and fibrin is believed to be an important factor in the initiation of foreign-body and wound Infections. Recently, we reported the cloning and sequencing of the gene clfA encoding the fibrinogen receptor (clumping factor, ClfA) of S. aureus strain Newman and showed that the gene product was responsible for the clumping of bacteria in soluble fibrinogen and for the adherence of bacteria to solid-phase fibrinogen. This was confirmed here by showing that antibodies raised against purified Region A inhibited both of these properties. Also, immunofluorescent microscopic analysis of wild-type Newman and a clfA::Tn917 mutant of Newman with anti-ClfA Region A sera confirmed that Region A is exposed on the bacterial cell surface. Furthermore, polystyrene beads coated with the Region A protein formed clumps in soluble fibrinogen showing that the ClfA protein alone is sufficient for the clumping phenotype. Western immunoblotting with anti-ClfA Region A antibodies identified the native ClfA receptor as a 185 kDa protein that was released from the cell wall of S. aureus by lysostaphin treatment. A single extensive ligand-binding site was located within Region A of the ClfA protein. Truncated ClfA proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli. Lysates of E. coli and proteins that had been purified by affinity chromatography were tested for (i) their ability to bind fibrinogen in Western ligand blotting experiments, (ii) for their ability to inhibit clumping of bacteria in fibrinogen solution and adherence of bacteria to solid-phase fibrinogen, and (iii) for their ability to neutralize the blocking activity of anti-ClfA Region A antibody. These tests allowed the ligand-binding domain to be localized to a 218-residue segment (residues 332-550) within Region A.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02316.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Detection ofγ-crystallins in the developing amphibian lens by peroxidase-labelled antibodies (1971)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 27 (1971), S. 423-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Antikörper, die entweder mit Fluoresceinisothiocyanat oder mit Peroxidase markiert waren, wurden auf ihre Spezifität im Erkennen von Linsen-Antigenen untersucht. Beide Markierer ergeben gleiche Resultate: dieγ-Kristalline können in den Linsenfaserzellen lokalisiert werden, nicht aber in den Linsenepithelzellen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02137288
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lens regeneration from the dorsal iris inEurycea bislineata, the two-lined salamander (1982)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 38 (1982), S. 851-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Following lens removal from the eye of adultEurycea bislineata, the northern (USA) 2-lined salamander, it was found that this salamander has the capacity for lens regeneration. Its widespread distribution and high percentage of regenerative success suggests it as a suitable organism for the study of this differentiative phenomenon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01972311
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pharmacokinetics of sotalol during pregnancy (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 521-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): sotalol ; beta-adrenoceptor antagonist ; pregnancy ; pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Sotalol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, was administered to 6 healthy pregnant volunteers between 32–36 weeks gestation and when at least 6 weeks post-partum. On both occasions, each volunteer was given sotalol 100 mg intravenously and 400 mg orally in randomised order with at least a 1 week washout period between. Plasma samples were analysed for sotalol using a fluorometric method and the pharmacokinetic profiles investigated. The systemic clearance of sotalol was significantly greater in the antenatal period (2.4±0.3 ml/min/kg) than in the post-natal phase (1.5±0.1 ml/min/kg). The apparent volume of distribution was similar in the two periods: the elimination half-life was 6.6±0.6h ante-natally and 9.3±0.7h post-natally after intravenous drug but the trend for faster elimination was not significant. The elimination half-life after oral administration (about 10h) and bioavailability (about 90%) were not altered significantly by pregnancy. It is suggested that the more rapid clearance of sotalol in pregnancy may be due to increases in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609896
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Validation of observed differences in the utilization of antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs in Northern Ireland, Norway and Sweden (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): antihypertensive drugs ; antidiabetic drugs ; prescribing practice ; utilization ; Northern Ireland ; Norway ; Sweden
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The amount of antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs based of defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day varies two to three fold between Northern Ireland, Norway, and Sweden. We explored whether variations based on the universally applied defined daily doses might be accounted for by national differences in the actual average prescribed daily doses. Use of prescribed daily doses for antihypertensive drugs resulted in Northern Irish and Norwegian consumption figures which were respectively 40 and 21% lower than the Swedish one, compared to 38 and 25% when defined daily doses were used. The effect of population age-sex differences on the gross defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day figures was determined by applying the Northern Irish or Norwegian age-sex group proportions to Swedish age-sex specific sales data. Taking population differences into account would have resulted in antihypertensive drug use being 21 rather than 38% less in Northern Ireland and 18 rather than 25% less in Norway. Also adjustment for prescribed daily doses left an unexplained difference of 23% between Sweden and Northern Ireland and 14% between Sweden and Norway. For oral antidiabetics use of prescribed daily doses resulted in a Northern Irish — Swedish difference of 62% compared to 67% when defined daily doses were used. Simultaneous adjustment for population differences and prescribed to defined daily dose variations left a 52% difference.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547360
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