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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Observation of Doppler shifted Tα emission from TFTR tritium neutral beams : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 632-634 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: 195 tritium ion source shots were injected into Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) high power plasmas during December 1993–March 1994. In addition, four highly diagnosed pulses were fired into the calorimeter. Analysis of the Doppler shifted Tα emission of the beam in the neutralizer has revealed that the extracted ion compositions for deuterium and tritium are indistinguishable: 0.72±0.04 D+; 0.22±0.02 D+2; 0.07±0.01 D+3 compared to 0.72±0.04 T+; 0.23±0.02 T+2; 0.05±0.01 T+3. The resultant tritium full-energy neutral fraction is higher than for deuterium due to the increased neutralization efficiency at lower velocity. To conserve tritium, it was used only for injection and a few calorimeter test shots, never for ion source conditioning. When used, the gas species were switched to tritium only for the shot in question. This resulted in an approximately 2% deuterium contamination of the tritium beam and vice versa for the first deuterium pulse following tritium. Data from the calorimeter shots indicate that tritium contamination of the deuterium beam cleans up in five to six beam pulses, and is reduced to immeasurable quantities prior to deuterium beam injection. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146309
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low Z impurity ion extraction from Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor ion sources (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 2729-2736 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) deuterium neutral beams have been operated unintentionally with significant quantities of extracted water ions. Water has been observed with an optical multichannel analyzer. These leaks were thermally induced with the contamination level increasing linearly with pulse length. Up to 6% of the beam current was attributed to water ions, corresponding to an instantaneous value of 12% at the end of a 1.5 s pulse. A similar contamination is observed during initial operation of ion sources exposed to air. Operation of new ion sources typically produces a contamination level of ∼2%, with cleanup to undetectable levels in 50–100 beam pulses. Approximately 90% of the water extracted from ion sources with water leaks was deuterated, implying that there is the potential for tritiated water production during TFTR's forthcoming DT operation. It is concluded that isotope exchange in the plasma generator takes place rapidly, most likely as the result of surface catalysis. The primary concern is with O implanted into beam absorbers recombining with tritium, and the subsequent retention of T2O on cryopanels.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144411
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pesticide Residue Methodology, Simple Apparatus for Combustion of Samples Containing C14-Labeled Pesticides for Residue Analysis (1964)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 12 (1964), S. 172-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60132a021
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Functional Derivatives of Lignin Sulfonic Acid (1950)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 72 (1950), S. 1347-1351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01159a073
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of object potentials on the wake of a flowing plasma (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 2675-2679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Measurements and calculations have been carried out to determine the structure of electric potential and ion density in the near wake created by the flow of a high-Mach-number plasma past a conducting plate biased with respect to the undisturbed plasma. Results are obtained for a molecular nitrogen plasma with ambient electron densities N of the order of 105 cm−3, ion temperatures of θi(approximately-equal-to)0.025 eV, electron temperatures of θ∼0.3 eV, and plasma flow velocities of V0(approximately-equal-to)106 cm/s, corresponding to V0/(θ/M)1/2(approximately-equal-to)11. For high-Mach-number flow past an unbiased object, the wake structure is very nearly that predicted for the expansion of an initially uniform plasma half-space into vacuum; in this case there is a sharply defined ion front moving under the influence of an electric field produced by charge separation between ions and electrons near the front. With bias potential φp such that qφp/θ is in the range −1 to −10, a well-defined ion front still exists, but its motion is strongly affected by the imposed potential. This effect can be explained in terms of the impulse received by those ions passing through the sheath region near the plate edge. Two-dimensional simulations of the laboratory experiments were performed by using a multiple waterbag technique. The results for both zero and finite ion temperatures are almost noise-free and support the approximate analytical model. The calculated density for 10 θ negative bias on the plate is compared with the measured profile.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339418
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Instrument for differential ion flux vector measurements on Spacelab 2 (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1897-1902 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: The differential ion flux probe (DIF probe) is a scientific instrument capable of deconvolving a multiplicity of ion streams, differing in flow direction and/or energy, and independently determining the flow direction, current density, temperature, and energy of each stream. The original instrument concept was developed for laboratory investigations in the area of plasma dynamics and was reported [N. H. Stone, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 1458 (1977). Since then, the DIF probe has been redesigned and developed into a flight instrument to provide measurements of disturbed plasma flow conditions within the terrestrial ionosphere. It has flown on the STS-3 Space Shuttle mission, on sounding rockets, and recently on the Spacelab-2 mission as part of the plasma diagnostics package (PDP) experiment. Herein, we discuss the unique design and operational characteristics required for the flight model of the DIF probe.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138441
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Operation of large "field-free'' ion sources in the presence of magnetic fields (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 596-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Large area 10×40-cm Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory "field-free'' ion sources were used during the first 2.5 yr of the neutral beam injection heating experiment on the tokamak fusion test reactor. Although these ion sources were located inside magnetic shielding structures, interference from tokamak magnetic fields prevented beam operation under certain conditions when using hydrogen. The fields causing this interference have been studied, and modifications which allow operation of such sources in these fields have been made.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139839
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Experiments with high-voltage insulators in the presence of tritium (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 376-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: During the final deuterium-tritium phases of the TFTR and JET tokamaks half of the neutral injectors will be used to produce tritium neutral beams to maintain an equal mix of deuterium and tritium in the core plasma, and such requirements may also occur in future devices. This will require that the voltage hold off capabilities of the high voltage insulators in the accelerators be unimpaired by any charge buildups associated with the beta decay of adsorbed layers. We report tests in which we measured the drain currents under high dc voltage of TFTR and JET accelerator insulators while they were successively exposed to vacuum, deuterium and tritium. There did not appear to be any substantial reduction in hold-off capability with tritium, although at some voltages there was a small increase in the leakage current. We also compared the breakdown properties of a plastic tubing filled with deuterium and then tritium at varying pressures, since such tubing has been considered as a high-voltage break in the gas feed system for TFTR, and the presence of large numbers of electron-ion pairs might lead to enhanced Paschen breakdown. We found no significant differences in the behavior for the geometry used.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142131
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinematic Viscometer for Liquid Asphaltic Products (1940)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 12 (1940), S. 466-468 
    Details
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50148a013
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Permeability and Absorption Properties of Bituminous Coatings (1941)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 33 (1941), S. 991-995 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50380a008
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