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  • 1
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Basic/leucine zipper protein ; HBP-1a(17) gene ; TransgenicArabidopsis ; Gene expression ; β-Glucuronidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Wheat basic/leucine zipper protein HBP-1a(17) binds in vitro specifically to ACGT motif-containing cis-acting elements, such as the type I element of plant histone promoters and the G-box of hormone- and light-inducible promoters. To address the in vivo function of HBP-1a(17), we isolated and structurally analyzed theHBP-1a(17) gene and examined its expression in transgenicArabidopsis plants. TheHBP-1a(17) gene is composed of 14 exons; the basic region and leucine zipper are encoded by separate small exons, as is the case for other bZIP protein genes. The G-box of theHBP-1a(17) promoter bound specifically to HBP-1a(17) and its related HBP-1a isoforms, suggesting that theHBP-1a(17) gene may be autoregulated, although the binding affinity of these proteins in vitro is very low. InArabidopsis plants, activation of theHBP-1a(17) promoter was highly restricted to photosynthetically active mesophyll, and guard cells and vascular bundles of vegetative leaves. Etiolation of transgenic plants resulted in inhibition of expression of theHBP-1a(17) promoter. Indeed, theHBP-1a(17) promoter contains several sequence elements homologous to cis-acting elements conserved in light-inducible promoters. It is, therefore, assumed that theHBP-1a(17) gene is light regulated and that HBP-1a(17) is involved in light-responsive gene transcription via the G-box.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 3026-3036 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recently we developed a new microwave spectroscopy technique in the frequency range up to 40 GHz, and measured the static dielectric constant and the dielectric relaxation time for supercritical water. In the present work we report the dielectric properties of heavy water at temperatures and pressures up to 770 K and 59 MPa, respectively. The static dielectric constant of D2O as well as H2O are well described by the Uematsu–Franck formula when the number density instead of the mass density is used as the input parameter. The dielectric relaxation time decreases rapidly with increasing temperature in liquid H2O and D2O and jumps to a large value at the liquid–gas transition. The relaxation time of D2O is longer than that of H2O in the liquid state, and the difference becomes smaller with decreasing density in the gaseous state. For both H2O and D2O the most relevant parameter determining the relaxation time is the temperature at high densities or at low temperatures, and it is the density at low densities or at high temperatures. Based upon the observation that the dielectric relaxation time becomes fairly long in the dilute limit, we have concluded that the dielectric relaxation in the gaseous state is governed by the binary collision of water molecules and explained the relaxation time quantitatively by the collision time. We have extended the interpretation of the dielectric relaxation to the liquid state by taking into account the contribution of bound water molecules that are incorporated in the hydrogen-bond network. Anomalous relaxation at low temperatures is also discussed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 9302-9311 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Microwave spectroscopy that can be applied to study the dielectric relaxation of various fluids under high temperature and pressure has been developed in the frequency range up to 40 GHz. By utilizing this new technique, the dielectric relaxation of water has been measured in the temperature and pressure range up to 750 °C and 120 MPa, which corresponds to a density range between 0.05 and 1 g/cm3. The static dielectric constant cursive-epsilon(0) is deduced from the time required for a microwave signal to travel through the sample by means of the time domain analysis, and is in good agreement with the literature. The dielectric relaxation time τ is obtained by fitting the experimentally observed microwave transmission rate to the value calculated using the S-matrices on the assumption that the dielectric constant obeys the Debye relaxation. The results of τ at ambient pressure agree very well with previous data. Below about 350 °C, τ rapidly decreases with increasing temperature nearly independent of pressure, while above about 350 °C, τ changes little with temperature and increases rapidly with decreasing density. It is concluded that the most relevant parameter determining τ is the temperature at lower temperatures or higher densities, and it is the density d at higher temperatures or lower densities. A possible change in the nature of hydrogen bonding is suggested to explain the observed temperature and density dependence of τ. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 27 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A measurement method for determination of 2-aminoethanol in 2,2’,2’’-nitrilotriethanol by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet detector has been developed using o-phthalaldehyde as a pre-column derivatizing reagent. As a result, the calibration curve of 2-aminoethanol standard solutions was linear over the range of 1.0 × 10 – 5 – 5.0 × 10 – 3 mol L–1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.996 and the detection limit, defined as S/N = 3, was 7.5 × 10 – 7 mol L–1. The relative SD at 5.0 × 10 – 5 mol/ L–1 of 2-aminoethanol standard solution was 6.0% (n = 6). This measurement method was applied to the determination of 2-aminoethanol in several commercial 2,2’,2’’-nitrilotriethanol samples and it was found that both the calibration curve method and the standard addition method based on the peak height are available for the determination of 2-aminoethanol. These results suggest that the method reported here will be useful for determination of 2-aminoethanol in 2,2’,2’’-nitrilotriethanol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 625-628 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We developed a two-dimensional spatial resolved high-speed UV sampling camera (HISAC) to study energy transport in laser-produced plasmas. The HISAC is composed of an optical bundle of fibers coupled to a streak camera to obtain a two-dimensional spatial resolution with a temporal resolution of less than a few 10 ps. This HISAC system was demonstrated in the experiments on inferred uniformity measurements of laser-ablation pressures as well as on energy transport in ultraintense laser-plasma interactions. Two-dimensional shock heating was temporally resolved in a hemispherical target, resulting in the distribution of the ablation pressure as a function of laser incidence angle. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 4201-4207 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An electron tracing code in spherical coordinates was used to treat irregular, nonspherical boundaries in the "Herzog regions" at the exit and entrance planes of hemispherical energy analyzers. Some of the classical designs, i.e., the sudden cutoff "ideal field" approximation, real apertures in the 180° plane, the Herzog correction, the Jost correction, and shortened spheres were compared and checked for improvements. Ratios of gap to average radius from 0.2 to 0.55 are covered. Focusing, maximum trace width, base resolution, and the banana-shaped asymmetries from the circular reference path are investigated. Nearly ideal focusing and beam width can be restored in all devices by simply rotating the entrance beams through a small negative angle. Design equations are provided. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 59 (1986), S. 2332-2336 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The first experimental investigation has been made of the time-resolved soft x-ray spectra from an empty high Z cavity target irradiated by 0.53-μm wavelength laser. The soft x-ray emission spectra are compared with those from planar targets with respect to temporal and spectral profiles and brightness temperature. Evidence on the radiation confinement and the plasma confinement in the cavity geometry is discussed in conjunction with the energy dissipation flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 59 (1986), S. 3050-3052 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The soft x-ray spectra from Au plasmas in 0.1–1.6 keV range and x-ray conversion efficiencies of Au (high Z) and Al (low Z) targets with three laser wavelengths of 0.26, 0.53, and 1.05 μm are measured. In addition, the intensity dependence of the x-ray conversion efficiency at 0.26 μm is obtained for Au targets. For 0.26-μm laser light, the conversion efficiency of Au targets can be as high as 80% at an intensity of 2.4×1013 W/cm2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The experimental basis and instrumentation for the Gekko XII laser fusion program developed at the Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE), Osaka University are presented. Many diagnostics are in use to evaluate the key parameters of target implosion in an extremely dense, short period region. In this paper, we describe the present status and future planning of these diagnostics, such as x-ray, radioactive, and reaction particle measurement, because of their importance for fuel ρR determination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The atmospheric environmental exposure system for synchrotron radiation (SR) lithography has been integrated using the Photon Factory storage ring (2.5 GeV). The system, composed of a highly reliable beamline, an SR extracting chamber and a prototype SR stepper, aims at attaining higher accuracy and throughput. Based on a fail-safe mechanism notion, a double-vacuum protection system, in which two sets of a fast closing valve and acoustic delay line are installed in the main beamline and branch beamline, respectively, has been organized. Vacuum breakdown tests indicated that any vacuum breakdown, a beryllium (Be) window rupture in the worst case, exerts little influence on the storage ring ultrahigh vacuum. The SR extracting chamber, equipped with a Be window and an extraction window, is filled with helium at atmospheric pressure. Particularly, the 50-μm-thick, 35-mm-diam Be window, vacuum-sealed by a Viton O-ring, was preliminarily employed and, so far, has operated successfully, giving a 25-mm square exposure area. In terms of practical availability and simplicity, the SR stepper in an atmospheric environment has been constructed. A novel differential mode linear Fresnel zone plate alignment method, which can detect an alignment error between a mask and a wafer during exposure, was developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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