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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the IL-6/LIF?Response Factor by Proteolytic Analysis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 762 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb32382.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SUPPRESSIVE EFFECT OF ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATE ON POPULATIONS OF STORED GRAIN INSECT PESTS (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food processing and preservation 21 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4549
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The efficiency of the WasaOuro® system, based on an extract derived from Cruciferiae plants, was investigated as an insect suppressing agent. The active ingredient was allyl isothiocyanate (AIT). Lasioderma serricorne and Tribolium confusum were exposed to AIT vapor in vented containers. The containers were maintained in a temperature- and humidity-controlled room. The WasaOuro system does not repel or attract L. serricorne but does reduce tunneling activity of T. confusum. AIT disrupts normal reproductive cycles of both L. serricorne and T. confusum resulting in an insect population reduction in grain foods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.1997.tb00764.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (7–36) amide improves glucose sensitivity in beta-cells of NOD mice (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words  Glucagon-like-peptide-1 ; Prediabetes ; NOD mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract   The effect of the insulinotropic gut hormone glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) was studied on the residual insulin capacity of prediabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1). This was done using isolated pancreas perfusion and dynamic islet perifusion. Prediabetes was defined by insulitis and fasting normoglycemia. Insulitis occurred in 100% of NOD mice beyond the age of 12 weeks. K values in the intravenous glucose tolerance test were reduced in 20-week-old NOD mice compared with age-matched non-diabetes-prone NOR (nonobese resistant) mice (2.4±1.1 vs 3.8±1.5% min–1, P〈0.05). Prediabetic NOD pancreases were characterized by a complete loss of the glucose-induced first-phase insulin release. In perifused NOD islets GLP-1, at concentrations already effective in normal islets, left the insulin release unaltered. However, a significant rise of glucose-dependent insulin secretion occurred for GLP-1 concentrations 〉0.1 nM. This was obtained with both techniques, dynamic islet perifusion and isolated pancreas perfusion, indicating a direct effect of GLP-1 on the beta-cell. Analysis of glucose-insulin dose-response curves revealed a marked improvement of glucose sensitivity of the NOD endocrine pancreas in the presence of GLP-1 (half-maximal insulin output without GLP-1 15.2 mM and with GLP-1 9.4 mM, P〈0.002). We conclude that GLP-1 can successfully reverse the glucose sensing defect of islets affected by insulitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571935
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A diet enriched in protein accelerates diabetes manifestation in NOD mice (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 236-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Non-obese-diabetic (NOD) mouse ; High protein diet ; Insulin secretion ; Perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Diet modifies the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in animals and in humans. We examined female non-obese-diabetic (NOD) mice, a diabetes-prone mouse strain with 70% spontaneous diabetes incidence and metabolic abnormalities in non-overtly diabetic litters. They were fed a diet containing 55% (n=27) or 15% (n=26) protein, respectively, after weaning. At an age of 30 weeks, non-diabetic NOD mice were submitted to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (0.5 g/kg body weight; blood samples were taken after 2, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min) and to perfusion of the pancreas (stimulation media were Krebs-Ringer-Hepes buffer with 5 mmol/l glucose, 30 mmol/l glucose and 5 mmol/l glucose plus 19 mmol/l arginine). Diabetic mice were removed from the experiment. Serum glucose concentration and body weight were monitored weekly. Food ingestion was checked at an age of 11 weeks. On average, the onset of diabetes was diagnosed in mice on a high-protein diet (19.7±1.3 weeks) 4 weeks earlier than in mice on a low-protein diet (23.5±1.1 weeks;P〈0.05). Non-diabetic NOD mice on a high-protein diet showed significantly better glucose tolerance (as determined by the glucose disappearance rate) and mean insulin secretion (at 30 mmol/l glucose). No difference in the serum glucose concentration between non-diabetic mice on the low-protein diet or high-protein diet could be proved. In non-diabetic mice on the high-protein diet the body weight and food ingestion exceeded those of mice on the low-protein diet (P〈0.05). High insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in non-diabetic mice may reflect the capacity of beta-cells to adapt; however, beta-cells tend to be destroyed under such circumstances. Thus, a high-protein diet promoted the onset of diabetes, but it did not increase significantly the incidence of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048550
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (7–36) amide improves glucose sensitivity in beta-cells of NOD mice (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Glucagon-like-peptide-1 ; Prediabetes ; NOD mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of the insulinotropic gut hormone glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) was studied on the residual insulin capacity of prediabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1). This was done using isolated pancreas perfusion and dynamic islet perifusion. Prediabetes was defined by insulitis and fasting normoglycemia. Insultis occurred in 100% of NOD mice beyond the age of 12 weeks. K values in the intravenous glucose tolerance test were reduced in 20-week-old NOD mice compared with agematched non-diabetes-prone NOR (nonobese resistant) mice (2.4±1.1 vs 3.8±1.5% min−1,P〈0.05). Prediabetic NOD pancreases were characterized by a complete loss of the glucose-induced first-phase insulin release. In perifused NOD islets GLP-1, at concentrations already effective in normal islets, left the insulin release unaltered. However, a significant rise of glucose-dependent insulin secretion occurred for GLP-1 concentrations〉0.1 nM. This was obtained with both techniques, dynamic islet perifusion and isolated pancreas perfusion, indicating a direct effect of GLP-1 on the beta-cell. Analysis of glucose-insulin dose-response curves revealed a marked improvement of glucose sensitivity of the NOD endocrine pancreas in the presence of GLP-1 (half-maximal insulin output without GLP-1 15.2 mM and with GLP-1 9.4 mM,P〈0.002). We conclude that GLP-1 can successfully reverse the glucose sensing defect of islets affected by insulitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571935
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A diet enriched in protein accelerates diabetes manifestation in NOD mice (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 236-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Non-obese-diabetic (NOD) mouse ; High protein diet ; Insulin secretion ; Perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Diet modifies the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in animals and in humans. We examined female non-obese-diabetic (NOD) mice, a diabetes-prone mouse strain with 70% spontaneous diabetes incidence and metabolic abnormalities in non-overtly diabetic litters. They were fed a diet containing 55% (n=27) or 15% (n=26) protein, respectively, after weaning. At an age of 30 weeks, non-diabetic NOD mice were submitted to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (0.5 g/kg body weight; blood samples were taken after 2, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min) and to perfusion of the pancreas (stimulation media were Krebs-Ringer-Hepes buffer with 5 mmol/l glucose, 30 mmol/l glucose and 5 mmol/l glucose plus 19 mmol/l arginine). Diabetic mice were removed from the experiment. Serum glucose concentration and body weight were monitored weekly. Food ingestion was checked at an age of 11 weeks. On average, the onset of diabetes was diagnosed in mice on a high-protein diet (19.7±1.3 weeks) 4 weeks earlier than in mice on a low-protein diet (23.5±1.1 weeks; P〈0.05). Non-diabetic NOD mice on a high-protein diet showed significantly better glucose tolerance (as determined by the glucose disappearance rate) and mean insulin secretion (at 30 mmol/l glucose). No difference in the serum glucose concentration between non-diabetic mice on the low-protein diet or high-protein diet could be proved. In non-diabetic mice on the high-protein diet the body weight and food ingestion exceeded those of mice on the low-protein diet (P〈0.05). High insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in non-diabetic mice may reflect the capacity of beta-cells to adapt; however, beta-cells tend to be destroyed under such circumstances. Thus, a high-protein diet promoted the onset of diabetes, but it did not increase significantly the incidence of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048550
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of an Adaptive Wavelet Method and Nonlinearly Filtered Pseudospectral Methods for Two-Dimensional Turbulence (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and computational fluid dynamics 9 (1997), S. 191-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2250
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. An adaptive wavelet method for solving the two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations is compared with nonlinear Fourier filtering and nonlinear wavelet filtering of the pseudospectral method at each time step. The methods are each applied to a highly nonlinear flow typical of two-dimensional turbulence, the merger of two positive vortices pushed together by a weaker negative vortex, and the results are compared with a reference classical pseudospectral method. Nonlinear Fourier filtering uses 1.7 times fewer active modes than the reference simulation at the time of merger (when the flow is most complicated) and retains the overall dynamics and structure of the flow. However, it induces spurious oscillations in the background. Nonlinear wavelet filtering simulation uses 9.2 times fewer modes than the reference simulation at the time of merger, and reduces the errors in the solution. The adaptive wavelet simulation replicates precisely the dynamics and spatial structure of the reference simulation while retaining the high compression rate of the nonlinear wavelet filtering simulation. In addition we observe that the number of active wavelet modes remains quasi-constant during the whole merging process, independent of the strength of the vorticity gradients. On the contrary, the number of active Fourier modes is multiplied by 5 when the vorticity gradients are strongest. The increased accuracy of the adaptive wavelet simulation is due to the security zone added around the active coefficients and to the compression of the nonlinear term of the Navier–Stokes equations in the wavelet basis. These results suggest that nonlinear Fourier filtering of a classical pseudospectral method cannot produce significant improvement, but that the adaptive wavelet method combines a consistently high compression rate with high accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001620050040
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence that abscisic acid does not regulate a centralized whole-plant response to low soil-resource availability (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 106 (1996), S. 277-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum ; Biomass partitioning ; Plant stress responses ; Hormonal regulation ; Plant hormone mutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It has been suggested that abscisic acid (ABA) regulates a centralized response of plants to low soil resource availability that is characterized by decreased shoot growth relative to root growth, decreased photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, and decreased plant growth rate. The hypothesis was tested that an ABA-deficient mutant of tomato (flacca; flc) would not exhibit the same pattern of down-regulation of photosynthesis, conductance, leaf area and growth, as well as increased root/shoot partitioning, as its near isogenic wild-type in response to nitrogen or water deficiency, or at least not exhibit these responses to the same degree. Plants were grown from seed in acid-washed sand and exposed to control, nutrient stress, or water stress treatments. Additionally, exogenous ABA was sprayed onto the leaves of a separate group of flc individuals in each treatment. Growth analysis, based on data from frequent harvests of a few individuals, was used to assess the growth and partitioning responses of plants, and gas exchange characteristics were measured on plants throughout the experiment to examine the response of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. Differences in growth, partitioning and gas exchange variables were found between flc and wild-type individuals, and both nutrient and water treatments caused significant reductions in relative growth rate (RGR) and changes in biomass partitioning. Only the nutrient treatment caused significant reductions in photosynthetic rates. However, flc and wild-type plants responded identically to nutrient and water stress for all but one of the variables measured. The exception was that flc showed a greater decrease in the relative change in leaf area per unit increase of plant biomass (an estimate of the dynamics of leaf area ratio) in response to nutrient stress—a result that is opposite to that predicted by the centralized stress response model. Furthermore, addition of exogenous ABA to flc did not significantly alter any of the responses to nutrient and water stress that we examined. Although it was clear that ABA regulated short-term stomatal responses, we found no evidence to support a pivotal role for ABA, at least absolute amounts of ABA, in regulating a centralized whole-plant response to low soil resource availability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334555
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Konnatal erweiterte äußere Liquorräume (1999)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 942-943 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050523
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mannitol dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides Si4: subcloning, overexpression in Escherichia coli and characterization of the recombinant enzyme (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 48 (1997), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract By polymerase chain reaction mutagenesis techniques, an NdeI restriction site was introduced at the initiation codon of the mannitol dehydrogenase (MDH) gene (mtlK) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides Si4. The mtlK gene was then subcloned from plasmid pAK74 into the NdeI site of the overexpression vector pET24a+ to give plasmid pASFG1. Plasmid pASFG1 was introduced into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), which was grown in a 1.5-l bioreactor at 37 °C and pH 7.0. Overexpression of MDH in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) [pASFG1] was determined by enzymatic analysis and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Under standard growth conditions, E. coli produced considerable amounts of a polypeptide that correlated with MDH in SDS gels, but the activity yield was low. Decreasing the growth temperature to 27 °C and omitting pH regulation resulted in a significant increase in the formation of soluble and enzymatically active MDH up to a specific activity of 12.4 U/mg protein and a yield of 26 000 U/l, which corresponds to 0.38 g/l MDH. This was an 87-fold overexpression of MDH compared to that of the natural host R. sphaeroides Si4, and a 236-fold improvement of the volumetric yield. MDH was purified from E. coli BL21(DE3) [pASFG1] with 67% recovery, using ammo-nium sulfate precipitation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and gel filtration. Partial characterization of the recombinant MDH revealed no significant differences to the wild-type enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051013
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