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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant magnetoresistance in melt-spun Cu87Co13 : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6546-6547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Results for the temperature and magnetic-field dependence of melt-spun Cu87Co13 are presented and discussed. The magnetoresistance of the as-spun sample exhibits superparamagnetic behavior with a magnetoresistance of 18% at 0.4 K and in a field of 80 kOe. The magnetic-field dependence of the magnetoresistance is approximately proportional to the Langevin function. The microstructure of the sample was investigated by transmission electron microscopy and it appears that the giant magnetoresistance is due to the presence of small Co precipitates with an approximate mean diameter of 12 A(ring) and a mean separation of 35 A(ring).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356943
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field dependence of nuclear magnetic resonance in molecular beam epitaxy grown Co(111)/Cu multilayers : The 6th joint magnetism and magnetic materials (MMM)-intermag conference (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6504-6506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An initial study of the field dependence of 59Co nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been undertaken for two Co/Cu(111) multilayer films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The multilayer structure of the films was nominally identical, [Co(15 A(ring))/Cu(7 A(ring))]×20, however by growing the multilayers with similar structures on different buffer layers, Cu(200 A(ring)) and Au(10 A(ring)), saturation magnetoresistances ΔR/R of 4% and 22%, respectively, were obtained. The NMR signal in ferromagnetic materials arises due to the enhancement effect from the electronic magnetization. This enhancement effect is therefore a function of the domain structure and any external magnetic field. By applying a simple model of how the NMR enhancement factor varies with applied field, in the absence of a domain structure, the anisotropy fields at the interfaces and in the bulk were determined separately at T=4.2 K. These were then compared with the coercive field obtained from magnetization measurements. Our results show that at low temperature the anisotropy field at the interfaces is approximately equal to the coercivity obtained from magnetization measurements (260 Oe), while in the bulk the anisotropy field was found to be ∼550 Oe for the low magnetoresistance sample with ΔR/R=4%, and ∼1230 Oe for the high magnetoresistance sample with ΔR/R=22%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358243
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant magnetothermopower and giant magnetoresistance in molecular beam epitaxy grown Co/Cu(111) superlattices : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5521-5523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the observation of a giant magnetothermopower (GMT), giant magnetoresistance (GMR), and on magnetization measurements in Co/Cu[111] superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The maximum value of the GMT (at room temperature) was 14% for a Cu thickness of 9 A(ring) and the maximum GMR (at 4.2 K) was −26% at 7 A(ring) of Cu. Oscillations in the remnant magnetization and the saturation field as a function of Cu thickness with a period of about 10 A(ring) were observed. However, there were no oscillations in the GMT or the GMR. The maximum values of both the GMT and GMR are associated with saturation fields in excess of 40 kOe and with small remnant magnetizations. These results are consistent with the presence of antiferromagnetic coupling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353689
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A magneto-optic technique for studying magnetization reversal processes and anisotropies applied to Co/Cu/Co trilayer structures : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6368-6370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the magnetization reversal and magnetic anisotropy behavior of ultrathin Co/Cu(111)/Co (dCu=20 and 27 A(ring)) trilayer structures prepared by MBE on a 500-A(ring) Ge/GaAs(110) epilayer. We describe an arrangement in which the magnetization components parallel and perpendicular to the applied field are both determined from longitudinal MOKE measurements. For the samples examined, coherent rotation of the magnetization vector is observed when the magnetic field is applied along the hard in-plane anisotropy axis, with the magnitude of the magnetization vector constant and close to its bulk value. Results of micromagnetic calculations closely reproduce the observed parallel and perpendicular magnetization loops, and yield strong uniaxial magnetic anisotropies in both layers while the interlayer coupling appears to be absent or negligible in comparison with the anisotropy strengths. An absence of antiferromagnetic (AF) coupling has been observed previously [W. F. Egelhoff, Jr. and M. T. Kief, Phys. Rev. B 45, 7795 (1992)] in contrast to recent results, indicating that AF coupling [M. T. Johnson et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 969 (1992)] and GMR [D. Grieg et al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 110, L239 (1992)] can occur in Co/Cu(111)/Co structures grown by MBE, but these properties are sensitively dependent on growth conditions. The absence of coupling in our samples is attributed to the presence of a significant interface roughness induced by the Ge epilayer. The uniaxial anisotropies are assumed to arise from strain or defects induced in the film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352651
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear magnetic resonance of molecular beam epitaxially grown Co-Cu superlattices that exhibit large magnetoresistance : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6381-6383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The 59Co NMR has been measured for superlattices of Co(15 A(ring))/Cu (7 or 18 A(ring)) grown with either a Au or Cu buffer layer between the substrate and the superlattice. As was reported earlier the Co (15 A(ring))/Cu (7 A(ring)) (Au) superlattice has the largest magnetoresistance (ΔR/R∼26%) known for a MBE grown Co/Cu multilayer. The NMR measurements show that the Au-based superlattices have very flat interfaces and (111) orientation, two features which were supposed to preclude a large value of ΔR/R, and that the average strain in the Co layers is greater for a Au than a Cu buffer layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352657
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MO polar Kerr studies of Co rich molecular beam epitaxy grown Au/Co multilayers : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6783-6785 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magneto-optical (MO) polar Kerr rotation and ellipticity (PKR and PKE, respectively) of Co rich Au(111)/Co(0001) multilayers grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs(110) substrates are reported. The individual layer thicknesses, tAu and tCo were tAu/tCo=2.6/3.2, 1.0/1.5, and 0.65/0.8 nm. The samples displayed perpendicular magnetic anisotropy smaller than demagnetization energy. PKR and PKE were measured at photon energies between 1.5 and 5.2 eV. In the multilayer with tCo=1.5 nm, PKR at 3.1 eV reached a value of −0.34°, remarkably higher than that reported on Au rich multilayers. The spectra were compared with theory. A satisfactory agreement was obtained only for the sample with the largest bilayer thickness, tAu+tCo=5.8 nm. This indicates that when tAu and tCo are reduced to a few atomic monolayers the role of interfaces is increased. The effects of strain, defects, and atomic mixing at Au-Co interfaces become more important. Both the magnetic and optical properties are modified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356829
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of Au impurities at the interfaces on the magnetoresistance of MBE-grown Co/Cu multilayers : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 7055-7057 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have grown Co/Cu multilayers by MBE using a shuttering arrangement wherein half of the sample receives an amount of Au impurities at each interface. Under these controlled conditions, the differences in measurements between each half is attributed only to the effect of the impurities. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction and RHEED. We have found that small fractions of a monolayer of Au deposited at the Co/Cu interface significantly decreased the GMR. These results are discussed in the light of current theories on the role of bulk and interface scattering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356724
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the effect of processing parameters in the chemical-vapor deposition of YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films on polycrystalline silver (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 7563-7570 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Results are reported from an investigation of the effects of selected processing parameters on the morphology and properties of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) superconducting thin films grown directly on polycrystalline silver substrates by chemical-vapor deposition (CVD). These results were achieved through a set of experimental studies which examined: (i) recrystallization mechanisms of polycrystalline silver and their effect on the deposition of YBCO thin films; and (ii) CVD processing conditions leading to the growth of high-quality YBCO films. The samples were analyzed using dynamic impedance, four-point resistivity probe, x-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering, and scanning electron microscopy. These studies showed that substrate temperature played a critical role not only in the formation of YBCO films, but also in the recrystallization of silver substrates, which in turn greatly influenced film growth. The studies also led to the identification of a two-stage processing scheme for the growth of YBCO films on silver. The first processing stage consisted of a substrate conditioning cycle which involved a 10 min ramping from room temperature to deposition temperature where the substrates were held for an additional 10 min in a flow of 70 sccm O2 at a reactor working pressure of 2 Torr. The second processing stage involved actual film deposition at 760–800 °C for 3–10 min (depending on desired film thickness) in a mixed flow of 70 sccm O2 and 210 sccm N2O at a reactor working pressure of 4 Torr. Samples thus produced were highly oriented along the c axis perpendicular to the substrate with a zero resistance transition temperature of 87 K and a critical current density of 2×104 A/cm2 (77 K, B=0). The films had a thickness of 200–700 nm depending on the length of the growth cycle, which corresponded to the growth rates in the range 65–130 nm/min. A growth mechanism for YBCO on polycrystalline silver, which emphasized the role of silver recrystallization, was consequently proposed and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354007
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method for fast sine-wave calibration of hot-wire frequency response (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 1131-1135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Direct measurement of the transfer function of hot-wire anemometers is needed whenever any turbulence frequencies approach the hot-wire frequency response. In particular, in high-speed applications it is not possible to obtain hot-wire frequency response sufficient to capture all of the turbulent kinetic energy. With knowledge of the hot-wire response, either an estimate of the turbulent integral scale or an approximation of the high-frequency part of the turbulent spectrum may be sufficient to correct measurements by post-detection frequency compensation. Described in this article are simple electronic circuits and a technique for obtaining sine-wave test frequency response of a hot-wire anemometer in a very short time without prohibitively high sampling rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141437
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport critical current densities of silver clad Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O tapes at liquid helium and hydrogen temperatures (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 604-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using improved processing conditions, we have succeeded in increasing the transport critical current density (Jc) of powder-in-tube fabricated silver sheathed Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting tapes. Jc values at zero field now exceed 1.6×105 A/cm2 (Ic∼164 A) at 4.2 K and 1.3×105 A/cm2 (Ic∼133 A) at 20.2 K for short tape samples. At 77 K the same samples exhibit values greater than 3.0×104 A/cm2 (Ic∼32 A). They continue to carry 6.5×104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 4.8×104 A/cm2 at 20.2 K with applied magnetic fields as high as 20 T. Long lengths of tape were also fabricated and measured by winding the composites into small spiral or pancake coils. The small pancake coils carried 4.8×104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 5.2×103 A/cm2 at 77 K, zero field. More recently, 1 m lengths have been measured with Jc's as high as 1.0×104 A/cm2 at 77 K, zero field. Detailed transport measurements at liquid helium and hydrogen temperatures with applied magnetic fields up to 20 T are reported for short and long lengths of monocore tapes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107850
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