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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent radiative control of IBr photodissociation via simultaneous (ω1,ω3) excitation (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 2688-2696 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We show that simultaneous one- and three-photon photodissociation of IBr can be used to control the relative product yield of ground and excited state Br atoms. The control attained is substantial insofar as it is possible to vary the Br* yield over the range of 25%–95%, even for a high J case which involves extensive averaging over MJ states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459843
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the shape of a liquid-liquid interface by the method of light reflection (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 632-637 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An apparatus has been developed to measure the shape of the liquid-liquid interface of a phase-separated binary mixture after a temperature quench. The working principle of the apparatus is to measure the shape of the interface by using the reflection of a scanning light beam to find out the slope of the interface at various positions, and then the shape of the interface is obtained by a numerical integration. A real-time display sensitive to the shape of the interface is also provided to facilitate alignment of the optics. Results from calibrations show that a vertical resolution of 1 μm over a horizontal distance of 5 cm can easily be attained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144189
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple overshoot-suppressed digital proportional-integral-derivative temperature controller (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1001-1003 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This note describes a simple but efficient algorithm for a digital PID temperature controller. A special reset mechanism is implemented to suppress the inevitable overshoot in a PID controller.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139785
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sudden representation and sudden approximation quantal generalized master equation (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 1750-1757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The application of the sudden approximation in the derivation of a quantal generalized master equation (GME) is examined. Two different types of physical systems are considered. One is a composite system comprised of a fast primary system and slow bath compared to the time the former is coupled to the latter. The other is a composite system comprised of a slow primary system and fast bath. The resulting sudden GME's for both cases contain non-Markovian memory kernels. In the second case, the memory kernel can be further approximated by a Markovian form. The resulting Markovian-sudden GME is identical to the GME obtained by using the adiabatic elimination method for removing the (fast) stochastic bath coordinates. Using a representation of the Schrödinger propagator for the density operator analogous to the recently developed (energy) sudden representation of the Schrödinger propagator for the wave function, the exact GME is recast into a form such that when the memory kernel and the inhomogeneity term of the equation are expanded in a perturbation series, the zeroth order equation is in the sudden approximation form. Finally, a harmonic oscillator coupled linearly to a bath of harmonic oscillators is used as an illustration. The behavior of the bath correlation functions in the Markovian and the sudden limits is examined. The reduction of the exact GME to the sudden approximation form is also considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449363
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature-dependent resonance Raman profiles of β-carotene in carbon disulfide (1986)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 84 (1986), S. 2497-2502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Resonance Raman (RR) profiles of the 1005, 1155, and 1525 cm−1 modes of β-carotene dissolved in carbon disulfide have been measured at room temperature and at 172 K. Previous studies, based upon room temperature measurements, have indicated that inhomogeneous (i.e., site) broadening may be important for this system. Our measurements are the first RR data for this system at two temperatures. Such data are necessary in order to study the relative importance of inhomogeneous broadening and thermal broadening. Using previously developed transform techniques, we analyze our RR data by calculating profile line shapes directly from our measured optical absorption data for each temperature. The assumptions underlying this analysis do not include inhomogeneous broadening, and the calculations yield profile line shapes which are in quite good overall agreement with the measured profile line shapes for all three modes at both temperatures. We have also extended the transform calculations in order to incorporate inhomogeneous broadening. However, the agreement between the measured and calculated RR profile line shapes is not substantially improved by the inclusion of inhomogeneous broadening in the transform analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.450369
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Path integral approach to multiparticle systems: The sudden representationf a@f ) (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 680-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The recently developed (energy) sudden representation of the Schrödinger propagator is examined in conjunction with the path integral method. The perturbation expansion of the propagator in this representation (with the sudden approximation as the zeroth order term) is easily understood using Feynman diagrams. The zeroth order term is a form involving only sudden paths (i.e., paths resulting from the sudden approximation). Each higher order term is a series of sudden paths which are connected to one another due to the nonsudden effects of the dynamics. The sudden representation, and in particular its perturbation expansion, is also used to study the bath effects in many body systems which are expressed in the form of influence functionals in the path integral formalism. In our treatment, the bath coordinates are assumed to be the slow coordinates. The zeroth order (sudden approximation) influence functionals are expressed in a very simple form; they involve only an ordinary integral over the bath coordinates. Finally, to illustrate the approach, a harmonic oscillator coupled linearly to an unspecified primary system is used as a simple model bath. The reduction of the exact influence functional to the sudden approximation form is also considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449537
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    General factorization relations and consistency conditions in the sudden approximation via infinite matrix inversion (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 1637-1647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Local, i.e., multiplicative, operators satisfy well-known linear factorization relations wherein matrix elements (between states associated with a complete set of wave functions) can be obtained as a linear combination of those out of the ground state (the input data). Analytic derivation of factorization relations for general state input data results in singular integral expressions for the coefficients, which can, however, be regularized using consistency conditions between matrix elements out of a single (nonground) state. Similar results hold for suitable "symmetry class'' averaged matrix elements where the symmetry class projection operators are "complete.'' In several cases where the wave functions or projection operators incorporate orthogonal polynomial dependence, we show that the ground state factorization relations have a simplified structure allowing an alternative derivation of the general factorization relations via an infinite matrix inversion procedure. This form is shown to have some advantages over previous versions. In addition, this matrix inversion procedure obtains all consistency conditions (which is not always the case from regularization of singular integrals).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449401
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of a rapid urine test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in the Chinese population (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A new rapid urine test was developed to detect anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody in urine using the principle of immunochromatography. The accuracy of this test in the Chinese population remains to be defined.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To evaluate a new rapid urine test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in the Chinese population.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Eligible patients without previous treatment of H. pylori were recruited. In-house rapid urease test and histology were used as the gold standard. The rapid urine test (RAPIRUN H. pylori antibody) was performed and the results were compared with the gold standard.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:One hundred and twenty-three patients were eligible for analysis and 61 (50%) were H. pylori positive by the gold standard. The rapid urine test showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 96.7%, 95.2%, 95.2%, 96.7% and 95.9%, respectively. Results were obtained within 20 min and no special laboratory support was required.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The rapid urine test by immunochromatography is highly accurate for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in untreated Chinese patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01235.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term prospective follow-up of endoscopic oesophagitis in southern Chinese — prevalence and spectrum of the disease (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims : To study the prevalence, clinical characteristics and long-term outcome of oesophagitis in Chinese patients.Methods : Clinical and endoscopic data were collected prospectively from consecutive patients who underwent upper endoscopy between 1997 and 2001. Patients with endoscopic oesophagitis were graded according to the Los Angeles system and analysed according to their clinical presentation, endoscopic details, Helicobacter pylori status, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug history, co-morbidity and mortality.Results : A total of 22 628 upper endoscopies were performed in 16 606 patients. Of these, 631 (3.8%) had endoscopic oesophagitis, 14 had benign oesophageal stricture (0.08%) and 10 had Barrett's oesophagus (0.06%). Most patients (94%) had either Los Angeles grade A or grade B oesophagitis. Patients who died during follow-up had a significantly higher incidence of co-morbid illness (100% vs. 63%, P 〈 0.001). By Cox regression analysis, the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding (P = 0.008), advanced age (P = 0.004) and the use of Ryle's tube (P = 0.043) were identified to be independent factors associated with mortality.Conclusions : Complicated gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is uncommon in the Asian population. Advanced age, use of Ryle's tube and the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding are associated with a poor long-term outcome, which is a reflection of the severe underlying co-morbidity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01373.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One-week ranitidine bismuth citrate, amoxicillin and metronidazole triple therapy for the treatment of 〈fr〉Helicobacter pylori〈/fr〉 infection in Chinese (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : We have previously shown that ranitidine bismuth citrate-based, clarithromycin-containing triple therapy achieves a higher eradication rate than proton pump inhibitor-based regimens in areas with a high prevalence of metronidazole resistance.Aim : To evaluate whether this higher efficacy of ranitidine bismuth citrate over proton pump inhibitor can be extended to non-clarithromycin-containing regimens.Methods : Helicobacter pylori-positive dyspeptic patients were randomized to receive either ranitidine bismuth citrate, 400 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and metronidazole, 400 mg, or omeprazole, 20 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and metronidazole, 400 mg, each given twice daily for 1 week. H. pylori eradication was confirmed by 13C-urea breath test 5 weeks later. The side-effects of the treatments were documented.Results : Two hundred and twenty-nine patients were eligible for analysis. By intention-to-treat and per protocol analysis, the eradication rates were 77% and 79%, respectively, in the ranitidine bismuth citrate–amoxicillin–metronidazole group and 77% and 82%, respectively, in the omeprazole–amoxicillin–metronidazole group (P = 0.58 and P = 0.65). However, patients in the omeprazole–amoxicillin–metronidazole group reported a significantly higher incidence of minor side-effects when compared to those in the ranitidine bismuth citrate–amoxicillin–metronidazole group (P = 0.001).Conclusions : Ranitidine bismuth citrate–amoxicillin–metronidazole was equally as effective as omeprazole–amoxicillin–metronidazole triple therapy, and may be considered as an alternative non-clarithromycin-based regimen in the Chinese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01384.x
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