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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sudden representation and sudden approximation quantal generalized master equation (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 1750-1757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The application of the sudden approximation in the derivation of a quantal generalized master equation (GME) is examined. Two different types of physical systems are considered. One is a composite system comprised of a fast primary system and slow bath compared to the time the former is coupled to the latter. The other is a composite system comprised of a slow primary system and fast bath. The resulting sudden GME's for both cases contain non-Markovian memory kernels. In the second case, the memory kernel can be further approximated by a Markovian form. The resulting Markovian-sudden GME is identical to the GME obtained by using the adiabatic elimination method for removing the (fast) stochastic bath coordinates. Using a representation of the Schrödinger propagator for the density operator analogous to the recently developed (energy) sudden representation of the Schrödinger propagator for the wave function, the exact GME is recast into a form such that when the memory kernel and the inhomogeneity term of the equation are expanded in a perturbation series, the zeroth order equation is in the sudden approximation form. Finally, a harmonic oscillator coupled linearly to a bath of harmonic oscillators is used as an illustration. The behavior of the bath correlation functions in the Markovian and the sudden limits is examined. The reduction of the exact GME to the sudden approximation form is also considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449363
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    General factorization relations and consistency conditions in the sudden approximation via infinite matrix inversion (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 1637-1647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Local, i.e., multiplicative, operators satisfy well-known linear factorization relations wherein matrix elements (between states associated with a complete set of wave functions) can be obtained as a linear combination of those out of the ground state (the input data). Analytic derivation of factorization relations for general state input data results in singular integral expressions for the coefficients, which can, however, be regularized using consistency conditions between matrix elements out of a single (nonground) state. Similar results hold for suitable "symmetry class'' averaged matrix elements where the symmetry class projection operators are "complete.'' In several cases where the wave functions or projection operators incorporate orthogonal polynomial dependence, we show that the ground state factorization relations have a simplified structure allowing an alternative derivation of the general factorization relations via an infinite matrix inversion procedure. This form is shown to have some advantages over previous versions. In addition, this matrix inversion procedure obtains all consistency conditions (which is not always the case from regularization of singular integrals).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449401
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Path integral approach to multiparticle systems: The sudden representationf a@f ) (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 680-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The recently developed (energy) sudden representation of the Schrödinger propagator is examined in conjunction with the path integral method. The perturbation expansion of the propagator in this representation (with the sudden approximation as the zeroth order term) is easily understood using Feynman diagrams. The zeroth order term is a form involving only sudden paths (i.e., paths resulting from the sudden approximation). Each higher order term is a series of sudden paths which are connected to one another due to the nonsudden effects of the dynamics. The sudden representation, and in particular its perturbation expansion, is also used to study the bath effects in many body systems which are expressed in the form of influence functionals in the path integral formalism. In our treatment, the bath coordinates are assumed to be the slow coordinates. The zeroth order (sudden approximation) influence functionals are expressed in a very simple form; they involve only an ordinary integral over the bath coordinates. Finally, to illustrate the approach, a harmonic oscillator coupled linearly to an unspecified primary system is used as a simple model bath. The reduction of the exact influence functional to the sudden approximation form is also considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449537
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial electron transfer in photosynthetic reaction centers of Rhodobacter capsulatus mutants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 176 (1991), S. 366-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-2614(91)90045-B
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple overshoot-suppressed digital proportional-integral-derivative temperature controller (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1001-1003 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This note describes a simple but efficient algorithm for a digital PID temperature controller. A special reset mechanism is implemented to suppress the inevitable overshoot in a PID controller.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139785
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent radiative control of IBr photodissociation via simultaneous (ω1,ω3) excitation (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 2688-2696 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We show that simultaneous one- and three-photon photodissociation of IBr can be used to control the relative product yield of ground and excited state Br atoms. The control attained is substantial insofar as it is possible to vary the Br* yield over the range of 25%–95%, even for a high J case which involves extensive averaging over MJ states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459843
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the shape of a liquid-liquid interface by the method of light reflection (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 632-637 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An apparatus has been developed to measure the shape of the liquid-liquid interface of a phase-separated binary mixture after a temperature quench. The working principle of the apparatus is to measure the shape of the interface by using the reflection of a scanning light beam to find out the slope of the interface at various positions, and then the shape of the interface is obtained by a numerical integration. A real-time display sensitive to the shape of the interface is also provided to facilitate alignment of the optics. Results from calibrations show that a vertical resolution of 1 μm over a horizontal distance of 5 cm can easily be attained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144189
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lansoprazole reduces ulcer relapse after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users – a randomized trial (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : To study whether prophylaxis with lansoprazole could prevent relapse of ulcers after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with NSAID-related peptic ulcers.Methods : Patients who presented with peptic ulcers and were found to be infected with H. pylori while receiving NSAIDs were recruited into the study. They received, twice daily, lansoprazole 30 mg, amoxicillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg for 1 week, followed by lansoprazole 30 mg daily for 4 weeks. Patients with healed ulcers and H. pylori eradicated were given naproxen 750 mg daily, and randomly assigned to receive lansoprazole 30 mg daily or no treatment for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was the cumulative recurrence of symptomatic and complicated ulcers.Results : At the end of the 8-week treatment period, significantly fewer patients (1/22, 4.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0–23) in the lansoprazole group compared with the group that received H. pylori eradication alone (9/21, 42.9%, 95% CI 22–66) developed recurrence of symptomatic and complicated ulcers (log rank test P = 0.0025).Conclusions : Lansoprazole significantly reduced the cumulative relapse of symptomatic and complicated ulcers in patients requiring NSAIDs after eradication of H. pylori.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01762.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomized controlled study of rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy as second-line treatment for 〈fr〉Helicobacter pylori〈/fr〉 infection (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : To test the efficacy of rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy for the second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.Methods : One hundred and nine patients who had failed previous H. pylori eradication were randomized to receive: (i) rabeprazole, 20 mg b.d., rifabutin, 300 mg once daily, and levofloxacin, 500 mg once daily, for 7 days (triple therapy); or (ii) rabeprazole, 20 mg b.d., metronidazole, 400 mg t.d.s., bismuth subcitrate, 120 mg q.d.s., and tetracycline, 500 mg q.d.s., for 7 days (quadruple therapy). Endoscopy and culture were performed before treatment.Results : The clarithromycin (79% vs. 21%, P 〈 0.001) and metronidazole (89% vs. 40%, P 〈 0.001) resistance rates were significantly higher in patients with previous exposure than in those with no previous exposure. The intention-to-treat and per protocol eradication rates were 91%/91% for the triple therapy group and 91%/92% for the quadruple therapy group. For patients with double resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin, the eradication rates were 85% (17/20) in the triple therapy group and 87% (13/15) in the quadruple therapy group. Compliance was greater than 95% for both regimens.Conclusion : Rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin-based triple therapy and quadruple therapy were equally effective as second-line treatments for H. pylori infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01459.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-day lansoprazole quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori-positive duodenal ulcers: a randomized controlled study (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of a 3-day quadruple therapy with a standard 7-day triple therapy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection and healing duodenal ulcers.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Patients with H. pylori-positive duodenal ulcers were randomized to receive either lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, and metronidazole 400 mg twice daily for 7 days (LCM-7) or lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, metronidazole 400 mg, and bismuth subcitrate 240 mg twice daily for 3 days (LCMB-3). No pre- or post-treatment acid suppression was used. Follow-up endoscopy was performed at week 6.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:A total of 118 patients were recruited. Sixty patients in the LCM-7 group and 53 patients in the LCMB-3 group returned for endoscopy. Intention-to-treat eradication rates were 87% and 86% (P=0.94) and per protocol eradication rates were 87% and 94% (P=0.29) in the LCM-7 and LCMB-3 groups, respectively. Per protocol and intention-to-treat ulcer healing rates were 98% and 98% in LCM-7 and 100% and 91% in LCMB-3, respectively. There were no significant differences in efficacy in relation to the initial metronidazole and clarithromycin susceptibility. Significant reduction in the duration of side-effects was found in the LCMB-3 group.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:The 3-day quadruple therapy is highly effective, better tolerated and can be considered as a first-line therapy in duodenal ulcer management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00999.x
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