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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective Modulation of the CD4 Molecular Complex by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Alkaline Protease and Elastase (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 26 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The binding of monoclonal antibodies against CD4 was specifically inhibited by treatment of human CD4+ cells with either alkaline protease (AP) or elastase (Ela), purified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Binding of antibodies against CD3 (pan T), CD5 (pan T), CD8 (T suppressor/cytotoxic). HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, HLA-DP/DR, and β2 microglobulin was not inhibited by AP or Ela. Heat-inactivation of the proteases at 65°C for 20 min or treatment with the metal chelator EDTA abolished the inhibitory activity of both proteases. These findings may serve to develop novel immunological methods for the isolation and study of the lymphocyte CD4 structure, which plays an important part in the immune response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02239.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    17. Immunoelectrophoretical Quantitation of Human Placental Lactogen Hormone (HPL) (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 2 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A simple rocket-immunoelectrophoretic method suitable for quantitation of human placental lactogen hormone in sera or plasma samples from pregnant women is described. The samples are used undiluted since the corcentration range is 1–8 mg/l. A close correlation was found between the present method and a commercially available radioimmunoassay. The day-to-day reproducibility in terms of relative standard deviation was found to be 4.6%. The mean half life of HPL in 3 patients just after delivery was found to be 16 minutes. Some examples of clinical applications are given in curve form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1973.tb03792.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of Natural Killer Cell Activity in Peripheral Blood by Physical Exercise (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 27 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study was designed to examine the effect of physical exercise on human natural killer (NK) cells. Six healthy volunteers underwent two different acute physical exercise tests with an interval of at least 1 week: (1) 60min bicycle exercise at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and (2) 60 min back-muscle training at up to 29% of VO2max; blood samples were collected before and during the last few minutes of exercise, as well as 2 h and 24 h afterwards. The NK cell activity (lysis/fixed number of mononuclear cells) increased during bicycle exercise, dropped to a minimum 2 h later and returned to pre-exercise levels within 24 h. Back-muscle exercise did not significantly influence NK cell activity. Plasma levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol were elevated during bicycling, but not during back-muscle exercise, indicating that exercise intensity is a determinant of NK cell activity. During bicycle exercise the NK cell subset (CD 16+ cells) of mononuclear cells increased significantly. Furthermore an improved interleukin 2 (IL-2) boosting of the NK cell activity was found during work as compared to IFN-α and indomethacin-enhanced NK cell activity. These results indicate that NK cells with a high IL-2 response capacity are recruited to the peripheral blood during exercise. The decreased NK cell activity demonstrated 2 h after work was probably not due to fluctuations in size of the NK cell pool, since the proportion of CD16+ cells was normal. The finding that indomethacin fully restored the suppressed NK cell activity in vitro and the demonstration of a twofold increase in monocyte (CD20+ cells) proportions 2 h after work, strongly indicate that prostaglandins released by monocytes during the heavy physical exercise are responsible for the down-regulation of the NK cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1988.tb02400.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Physical Exercise on Blood Mononuclear Cell Subpopulations and in Vitro Proliferative Responses (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 29 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study was designed to examine the effect of physical exercise on subsets and proliferative responses of blood mononuclear cells. Sixteen young, healthy volunteers underwent 60min of bicycle exercise at 75% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). After an interval of at least 1 week, six of the subjects underwent a 60-min back muscle training period at up to 30% of VO2max. Blood samples were collected before and during the last minutes of exercise, as well as 2 and 24 h later. Blood mononuclear cell (BMNC) subpopulations were determined and the proliferate responses after incubation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or purified derivative of tuberculin (PPD), were quantified by [3H]thymidine incorporation. During bicycle exercise the relative blood concentration of T cells (CD3+ cells) declined, mainly due to a fall in T helper cells (CD4+ cells). The natural killer (NK) cell subset (CD16+ cells) increased during work, but reverted after; the monocytes (CD14+ cells) increased 2 h after work, whereas the B-cell subset (CD20+ cells) did not change. BMNC subsets were not significantly changed by back muscle exercise. The PHA-induced proliferative response decreased during bicycle exercise, whereas the PPD-induced response did not change. No significant changes occurred during back muscle exercise. Investigation of subgroups after incubation with [3H]thymidine showed that the proliferative response per CD4+ cell did not change in relation to exercise, but the contribution of the CD4+ subgroup to proliferation declined during bicycle exercise due to the decreased proportion of CD4+ cells. The suppression of the PHA response during bicycle exercise can be explained in part by a relative fall in CD4+ cells. The pool sizes of BMNC subfraction may be elicited by increased catecholamine and cortisol levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1989.tb01137.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell-Mediated Immunity to Plasmodium falciparum Infection: Evidence against the Involvement of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 28 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) recognizing soluble malaria antigens (SPag) are present in the peripheral blood of individuals clinically immune to malaria, and they proliferate after exposure to such antigens. To test whether these cells have effector activity against Plasmodium falciparum, we stimulated PBMC from malaria-immune donors by SPag and purified protein derivative (PPD) in culture for 7 days. The PBMC were then co-incubated with P. falciparum for 48 h, and parasitaemia was determined by microscopy. Parasite growth was only significantly impaired after incubation with PBMC stimulated by either SPag or PPD in the presence of immune serum. Studies on subpopulations of PBMC indicated that the inhibitory cells resided among the adherent cell fraction. Furthermore we tested PBMC for cytotoxic activity against P. falciparum-infected autologous or heterologous erythrocytes. Experiments were done both in the absence and the presence of immune serum. Neither fresh PBMC nor PBMC activated by SPag or PPD for 7 days prior to assay were cytotoxic, indicating that cytotoxic T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and K cells did not possess cytotoxic activity directed against parasitized erythrocytes. These data support the hypothesis that activated monocytes are the most important effector cells in the peripheral blood of malaria immune individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1988.tb02421.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radioimmunoelectrophoresis with Labelled Antigen in the Gel (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 17 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb04027.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Down-regulation of natural killer cell activity by autologous polymorphonuclear leucocytes (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It has been recently reported that neutrophils are involved in the regulation of NK cell activity. However, the mechanism of such regulation is unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of NK cytotoxicity by human neutrophils. The role of indomethacin, an anti-inflammatory drug, in this interaction was studied. NK cells were purified from peripheral blood obtained from normal individuals. NK cell cytotoxicity was tested on K 562 cell line by Cr release assay, Autologous neutrophils obtained from peripheral blood were stimulated by opsonized zymosan either in the presence or absence of indomethacin. The role of neutrophil supernatant containing oxygen radicals and prostaglandins on NK cytotoxicity was examined. It was shown that supernatants from stimulated neutrophils significantly inhibited (P 〈 0.05) the autologous NK cell cytotoxicity. The presence of indomethacin in the in vitro reaction mixture, or given orally to donors, partially or completely abolished the inhibitory effect of neutrophil supernatant. Indomethacin inhibited prostaglandin E2 release, and luminol-enhanced, myeloperoxidase-mediated chemiluminescence of activated PMN. Diafiltration of neutrophil supernatant showed that the inhibitory activity was present in the fraction containing molecules lower than 5,000 daltons. In conclusion, our findings indicate that down-regulation of NK cytotoxicity is mediated by prostaglandins produced by stimulated neutrophils and possibly by oxygen radicals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb02039.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the natural killer cell activity in Hashimoto's and Graves' diseases (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 44 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Natural killer (NK) cell activity and blood mononuclear cell subpopulations were characterized in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n= 11), Graves' disease (n= 20), non-toxic goitre (n= 10) and in normal controls (n= 22). NK cell activity against K 562 target cells and the capability of IFN-α, Il-2, and indomethacin to enhance NK cell activity in vitro did not differ significantly between the groups. The percentages of large granular lymphocytes, CD5 +, CD4 +, CD8 + and CD16 + cells were normal in patients with non-toxic goitre, Hashimoto's and Graves' diseases. There was no correlation between NK cell activities and TgAb, MAb and TSAb. Although NK cell activity is suppressed in several autoimmune diseases, NK cell function is normal in patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb04186.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Chloroquine, Mefloquine and Quinine on Natural Killer Cell Activity in vitro (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 41 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Natural killer (NK) cell activity against K 562 target cells was inhibited by pharmacological concentrations of chloroquine, mefloquine and quinine. The most potent were mefloquine and quinine. The drug-induced inhibition of the NK cell activity was abolished by addition of α interferon (IF) or interleukin 2 (II-2); preincubation of mononuclear cells with IF or II-2 followed by addition of anti-malarial drugs decreased the inhibitory effects of the drugs. The drug-induced inhibition of the NK cell activity was not dependent on the presence of monocytes. Using monocyte depleted Percoll fractionated NK cell enriched populations in a single cell agarose assay, it was shown that the inhibitory effects of mefloquine, but not of chloroquine and quinine were due to an inhibition of the formation of effector/target cell conjugates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00340.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylprednisolone pulse therapy in severe acute asthma (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 42 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a group comparative double blind pilot study six asthmatic patients with an acute exacerbation of their disease were randomly treated with either methylprednisolone pulse therapy (MPPT) (1000 mg daily for 3 days) (n= 2) followed by placebo tablets, or standard doses of methylprednisolone (MP) (50 mg daily gradually decreased to zero over 3 weeks) (n= 4). The results showed that the effect of MPPT did not differ from that of standard doses of MP. MPPT has, however, the potential of being preferable to standard treatment with MP. Because of easy administration and optimal patient compliance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02375.x
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