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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An EMS-induced wheat mutant restoring fertility against photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 114 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Triticum aestivum cv. ‘Norin 26’ with Aegilops crassa cytoplasm shows photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS). This alloplasmic line is almost completely male-sterile under long-day conditions (≥ 15h), but highly male-fertile under short-day conditions (≤ 14.5h). To obtain male—fertile mutants against PCMS, seeds of the alloplasmic line were treated with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). The M3 generation was evaluated for PCMS expression, and one fertility-restoring (FR-mutant) line showing high male fertility under the long-day conditions was selected. Reciprocal F, hybrids between the FR-mutant and the alloplasmic ‘Norin 26’ showed male sterility under the long-day conditions, and continuous segregation with respect to the degree of fertility restoration occurred in their F2 generations. These results indicate that multiple recessive mutations with minor effects, induced in the nuclear genome, are involved in the fertility restoration. In fact, no restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms of mitochondrial DNA between the FR-mutant and the alloplasmic ‘Norin 26’ are found.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb00794.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Further discovery of alien cytoplasms inducing haploids and twins in common wheat (1974)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 45 (1974), S. 104-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary In addition to the already known Aegilops caudata cytoplasm, the cytoplasms of five Aegilops species, all belonging to the section Polyeides, were found to induce haploids (11–56%) and twins (0.5–15%) in a common wheat, Salmon, at high frequencies. The great majority of the twin pairs were of the diplo-haplo type. The origin of both the haploids and twins was ascribed to the induction of parthenogenesis in Salmon by the alien cytoplasm. Pollen parents produced some differences in haploid frequency. The distribution of the parthenogenesis-inducing cytoplasms in the genus Aegilops is discussed in relation to the phylogeny of the donor species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291138
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic diversity of the cytoplasm in Triticum and Aegilops (1976)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 48 (1976), S. 9-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Twelve kinds of common wheat nuclei were placed into the cytoplasms of 23 species of Aegilops and Triticum by repeated backcrosses in the Laboratory of Genetics, Kyoto University. Using these nucleus-cytoplasm hybrids, the distribution of the variegation-inducing cytoplasms was investigated. The variegation was maternally inherited, and was found to be temperature-dependent; it was expressed only at low temperatures, accompanied by a remarkable reduction in the content of chlorophyll a and b, and recovered to almost normal level in a greenhouse kept at 25 °C. The variegation was expressed only by special combinations of the wheat nuclei and alien cytoplasms; nine common wheat nuclei, Tve, P168, CS, N26, Slm, Sk, S615, Sphr, and Splt, and six cytoplasms, T. boeoticum, Ae. umbellulata, Ae. triuncialis, Ae. biuncialis, Ae. columaris, and Ae. triaristata 6x, expressed weak to strong variegation in almost all combinations. Combinations of three common wheat nuclei (JF , Comp and Macha) and 17 other cytoplasms showed no variegation: JF , Comp and Macha appeared to have a sort of restoring gene(s) against variegation. Since distribution of the variegation-inducing cytoplasms was confined to the A and Cu type plasmas, it was assumed that the plasmagene(s) responsible for the variegation originated in the diploid level and was transmitted from Ae. umbellulata to three tetraploid and one hexaploid species of Polyeides section through the process of amphidiploidization.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282405
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Physical map of chloroplast DNA of aerial yam, Dioscorea bulbifera L. (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Aerial yam ; Dioscorea bulbifera L. ; Chloroplast DNA ; Physical map ; Clone bank
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A physical map of chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) of aerial yam, Dioscorea bulbifera L. was constructed using three restriction endonucleases, PstI, SalI, and SmaI. In addition, a clone bank of the BamHI-digested fragments were generated, and the locations of most BamHI fragments on the map were also determined. The ctDNA of D. bulbifera was found to be a circular molecule with a total size of ca. 152 kb involving two inverted repeats of ca. 25.5 kb, and small and large single copy regions of ca. 18.5 and 83.4 kb, respectively. The genes for the large subunit of the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) and the ATP-synthase subunits β and ɛ (atpB/atpE) were mapped.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00299745
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Wheat phylogeny determined by RFLP analysis of nuclear DNA. 2. Wild tetraploid wheats (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 129-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Wheat ; RFLP ; Triticum dicoccoides ; T. araraticum ; Genetic divergence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Intra- and inter-specific variations in the nuclear DNA of Triticum dicoccoides Körn. (2n = 28, genome constitution AABB) and T. araraticum Jakubz. (2n = 28, AAGG), wild species, respectively, of the Emmer and Timopheevi group, were studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Total DNAs of 32 T. dicoccoides and 24 T. araraticum accessions, collected from throughout the distribution areas of these species, were treated with two 6-bp cutters and hybridized with 30 nuclear DNA clones as probes to detect RFLPs. A total of 167 hybrid bands were observed per accession. All the enzyme-probe combinations showed RFLPs between accessions. The average genetic distance between the T. dicoccoides accessions was 0.0135 ± 0.0031 and that between the T. araraticum accessions 0.0036 ± 0.0015, indicative of about a four-fold intraspecific variation in T. dicoccoides as compared to T. araraticum in terms of genetic distance. No significant genetic differentiation was found for the geographical populations of these species, the genetic distance between the two species being 0.0482 ± 0.0022. The interspecific divergence corrected for intraspecific divergence was 0.0395, about three times that for T. dicoccoides and 11 times that for T. araraticum. The results show that in the wild state the Emmer and Timopheevi groups are clearly differentiated and that T. dicoccoides has much greater variation than T. araraticum, suggesting a relatively recent origin for the latter and therefore a diphyletic origin for these species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221006
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Wheat phylogeny determined by RFLP analysis of nuclear DNA. 3. Intra- and interspecific variations of five Aegilops Sitopsis species (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 928-934 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Intraspecific variation ; Interspecific variation ; Aegilops Sitopsis species ; RFLP analysis ; Nuclear DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  The level of intra- and interspecific variations on nuclear DNA in five Aegilops species of the Sitopsis section were investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. A total of 18 accessions, i.e. 7 of Ae. speltoides, 3 of Ae. longissima, 2 of Ae. searsii, 3 of Ae. sharonensis and 3 of Ae. bicornis, were used. One accession each of Triticum aestivum, T. durum, T. urartu and Ae. squarrosa was included as reference material. Five enzymes and 20 probes were used. Among the five Sitopsis species studied, Ae. speltoides had the largest intraspecific variation which was as high as the interspecific variation observed among the other four species. The section Sitopsis was divided into two distinct groups: one containing only Ae. speltoides and the other, Ae. longissima, Ae. searsii, Ae. sharonensis and Ae. bicornis. This grouping by RFLP analysis is in agreement with the taxonomical classification of the subsections.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050213
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Wheat phylogeny determined by RFLP analysis of nuclear DNA. 3. Intra- and interspecific variations of five Aegilops Sitopsis species (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 928-934 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Intraspecific variation ; Interspecific ; variation ; Aegilops Sitopsis species ; RFLPanalysis ; Nuclear DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The level of intra- and interspecific variations on nuclear DNA in five Aegilops species of the Sitopsis section were investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. A total of 18 accessions, i.e. 7 of Ae. speltoides, 3 of Ae. longissima, 2 of Ae. searsii, 3 of Ae. sharonensis and 3 of Ae. bicornis, were used. One accession each of Triticum aestivum, T. durum, T. urartu and Ae. squarrosa was included as reference material. Five enzymes and 20 probes were used. Among the five Sitopsis species studied, Ae. speltoides had the largest intraspecific variation (π=0.061), which was as high as the interspecific variation observed among the other four species. The section Sitopsis was divided into two distinct groups: one containing only Ae. speltoides and the other, Ae. longissima, Ae. searsii, Ae. sharonensis and Ae. bicornis. This grouping by RFLP analysis is in agreement with the taxonomical classification of the subsections.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224032
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Deficiency of cox1 gene expression in wheat plants with Aegilops columnaris cytoplasm (1996)
    Springer
    Current genetics 30 (1996), S. 509-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Mitochondria ; cox genes ; Transcription ; Alloplasmic wheat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Wheat plants with Aegilops columnaris cytoplasm are characterized by growth inhibition and partial male sterility and show an impaired mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity. We designed this study to clarify the functional relationship between this impaired cytochrome c oxidase activity and possible structural alterations to the mitochondrial genes cox1, cox2 and cox3 that encode three subunits of the cytochrome c oxidase. Using restriction mapping and DNA sequencing, we found major rearrangements in the flanking regions of the cox1 and cox3 genes. In Northern-blot analysis, we detected two different cox3 transcripts and a reduced level of a cox2 transcript, whereas we could not detect a transcript of cox1. These results suggest that rearrangements of the flanking regions of the cox1 gene may result in the severe suppression of its transcription, and subsequently, may lead to the impaired cytochrome c oxidase activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050163
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production and characterization of alloplasmic lines of a triticale ‘Rosner’ (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 169-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Alloplasmic triticale ; Male-sterile triticale ; Wheat cytoplasm ; Aegilops cytoplasm ; Cytoplasmic relationship
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The transfer of cytoplasms of various Triticum and Aegilops species to a hexaploid triticale (‘Rosner’) has been attempted using 30 alloplasmic lines and a euplasmic line of common wheat as cytoplasmic donors. The average rate of F1 hybrid production (seed setting rateXgermination rate) following an ordinary method of crossing is only 0.09%, whereas this rate is increased to 3.1% by use of embryo culture. The first backcross of the F1 plants with triticale pollen is again difficult, the hybrid production being 0.9%. Further backcrosses proceed smoothly in most cases. As a consequence, the following seven cytoplasms have been transferred to triticale: T. dicoccum, T. aestivum, Ae. squarrosa, Ae. cylindrica, Ae. juvenalis, Ae. ovata and Ae. speltoides. None of these alien cytoplasms causes more meiotic instability than does the triticale's own cytoplasm. Two cytoplasms of T. dicoccum and T. aestivum, both belonging to the B plasma type, have no effect upon any of triticale's characters. Two D type cytoplasms of Ae. squarrosa and Ae. cylindrica cause about 50% reduction of male fertility but exert no other remarkable effects. This fact suggests a partial functional compensation of the effect of a 1D chromosome upon interacting with D cytoplasm by a rye chromosome substituting for it in triticale. A D2 cytoplasm of Ae. juvenalis causes earlier heading and complete male sterility, accompanied by some reduction of growth vigor. An M0 type cytoplasm of Ae. ovata and an S type cytoplasm of Ae. speltoides cause a great heading delay, complete male sterility, and severe reduction of vigor. From the viewpoint of triticale breeding, none of these cytoplasms appears superior to the triticale's own cytoplasm. However, from the viewpoint of genetics, the hexaploid triticale is an effective tester for differentiating the B, S, and D plasma types.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252334
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The molecular basis of genetic diversity among cytoplasms of Triticum and Aegilops (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1986), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Aegilops ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Restriction endonuclease analysis ; Mitochondrial genome diversity ; Plasmon differentiation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Restriction fragment patterns of mtDNA isolated from the cytoplasm of three groups of Aegilops species (or accessions) which are known to carry the identical chloroplast genome but distinctly different cytoplasmic genomes (plasmons) have been analysed using five restriction endonucleases. Two to four different mitochondrial genomes are found in each group, between which the percent common restriction fragments amounts to 86–97%, whereas the same parameter obtained between mitochondrial genomes of the different groups ranges from 34 to 42%. Mitochondrial genome diversity is far more extensive than the chloroplast genome diversity, and the former provides a useful key for the phylogenetic relationships between cytoplasms of closely related species or even different accessions of the same species. The mitochondrial and chloroplast genome differentiation most certainly accounts for the plasmon variability known in this genus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289272
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