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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of acetic and formic vapours on patinated artistic bronze (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 16 (1997), S. 776-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Abstracts are not published in this journal
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018557803938
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical determination of rusted steel surface stability (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 23 (1993), S. 157-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The stability of a rusted steel surface exposed to a 0.11 M sodium sulphate solution has been studied. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarization resistance and atomic absorption analysis techniques were used in conjunction with mild steel specimens rusted in a rural atmosphere and treated with different concentrations of phosphoric acid. Since most of the impedance diagrams obtained differ from the typical semicircle, it is not clear how to obtain kinetic information on the corrosion process. The polarization resistance technique gives more useful data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00246953
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Butyl substituents in n-butylamine and their influence on mild steel corrosion inhibition in hydrochloric acid (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 345-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a study of the influence of the butyl group as substituent in n-butylamine used as a mild steel corrosion inhibitor in hydrochloric acid solution. An inhibition mechanism is proposed. n-Butylamine, dibutylamine and tributylamine were studied in concentrations from 10−4 to 1 m and in the temperature range 278–308K using electrochemical, gravimetric and surface roughness techniques. The three inhibitors adsorbed on the mild steel according to a Frumkin isotherm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018441032374
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of artificially patinated layers on artistic bronze exposed to laboratory SO2 contamination (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 129-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Artificially patinated artistic bronze was exposed to the action of 0.10 and 12.68 ppm SO2 contamination in the laboratory at 100% relative humidity. The surface layers were characterized using electrochemical, atomic absorption, X-ray powder diffraction techniques and Fourier transform–infrared spectrometry. Thermal and calorimetric studies were also performed. Some of the compounds identified were cuprite (Cu2O), digenite (Cu1.8S), yarrowite (Cu9S8), chalcocite (Cu2S), brochantite (Cu4(OH)6SO4), bonattite (CuSO4·3H2O) and Sn2S3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018535401657
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tributylamine as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 35 (2000), S. 2637-2642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 2 M hydrochloric acid solution by tributylamine has been investigated using the impedance technique. Tributylamine was studied in concentrations from 5 × 10−4 M to 1 M at a temperature of 298 K. The inhibitor mechanism was treated as a substitutional adsorption process according to Flory-Huggins, Dhar-Flory-Huggins and Bockris-Swinkels isotherms. The best approach was obtained using the latter. A structural parameter, the projected molecular area of tributylamine, was calculated to elucidate inhibitor orientation in the adsorption process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004773903987
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A SEM study on the galvanic protection of zinc-rich paints (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 25 (1990), S. 2441-2446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The research is focused directly to the cahodic protection mechanism of zinc-rich paints (ZRP). It is based on a systematic scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation of cross-sections of several ZRP coatings exposed for different time intervals to a 3% (by weight) sodium chloride solution. The effect of vehicle (binder) used in the paint formula and the effect of zinc particle content are considered. As the anodic behaviour of zinc particles depends very closely on coating microstructure, SEM observation of the latter is very useful to investigate the galvanic performance of ZRP. This study confirms that high zinc particle contents and the use of ethyl silicate as a vehicle favour the degree and duration of the cathodic protection. Depending upon whether the zinc particles act anodically or not their attack mechanism is radically different. Accordingly, two attack mechanisms of the zinc particles are proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00638039
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrosion of bronze by acetic and formic acid vapours, sulphur dioxide and sodium chloride particles (1995)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 515-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Korrosion von Bronze durch Essig- und Ameisensäuredämpfe, Schwefeldioxyd und NatriumchloridpartikelVorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Korrosion von Bronze mit und ohne künstlicher Patina durch Essig- und Ameisensäuredämpfe, Schwefeldioxyd und Natriumchlorid bei relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit von 100%. Die eingesetzten Verfahren waren Gravimetrie, Röntgenstrahlenbeugungsanalyse, Infrarotanalyse und Rasterelektronenmikroskopie. Wie Schwefeldioxyd und Natriumchlorid erzeugen auch Essig- und Ameisensäuredämpfe auf Bronze eine starke Korrosion. Die wichtigsten identifizierten Bestandteile sind Cuprit, Kupferschwefel, hydratisiertes Kupfersulfat, Kupferazetat und Kupferformiat.
    Notes: This paper studies the corrosion of patinated and unpatinated bronze by acetic and formic acid vapours, sulphur dioxide and sodium chloride salt particles, at 100% relative humidity. Weight loss, X-ray diffraction, infrared and scanning electron microscopy were the techniques used. Acetic and formic acid vapours, sulphur dioxide and sodium chloride produce a high corrosion rate on bronze. In general, no protective effect was found by the patina on bronze. The principal compounds identified were Cu2O, Cu2S, Cu5(SO4)2(OH)6 · 5H2O, Cu(CH3CO2)2 · XH2O and Cu(HCO2)2.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19950460902
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrosion behaviour of highly alloyed stainless steels in mixed chloride and fluoride aqueous solutions (1997)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 216-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Korrosionsverhalten hochlegierter nichtrostender Stähle in chlorid- und fluoridhaltigen wäßrigen LösungenAn zwei Typen von nichtrostenden Stählen -einem Duplex Stahl (ferritisch-austenisch) und zwei austenischen Stahlsorten -- wurde das Korrosionsverhalten unter Anwendung von gravimetrischen und elektrochemischen Verfahrensweisen untersucht. Die verwendeten Elektrolyten waren eine Mischung aus Chloridionen (3000, 9000 und 15000 ppm) und Fluoridionen (4800 und 15000 ppm) mit einem pH-Wert von 3. Die Arbeitstemperatur betrug 60 und 70°C. Die elektrochemischen Ergebnisse zeigen, daß der Duplex-Stahl eine höhere Korrosionsbeständigkeit aufweist. In manchen Fällen zeigte dieser Werkstoff nach 60 Tagen Lochfraß. Die gravimetrischen Ergebnisse zeigen niedrige Korrosionsgeschwindigkeiten bei allen drei untersuchten Materialien.
    Notes: Laboratory weight loss and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization corrosion tests were performed on two types of corrosion resistant alloys, a duplex alloy (ferritic-austenitic stainless steel) and two austenitic stainless steels, in mixtures of chloride (3000, 9000 and 15000 ppm) and fluoride (4800 and 15000 ppm) ions at pH 3. Two temperatures were tested, 60 and 70°C. The electrochemical results indicate that the duplex stainless steel presents high corrosion resistance. Weight loss results show low corrosion rates of the two types of stainless steels after 60 days exposure. Sonic pits-crevices were found under the corrosion crust deposits on the duplex stainless steel.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19970480403
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of two new aqueous alkaline Copper cleaning solutions and comparison with a conventional bath (1996)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 47 (1996), S. 511-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Untersuchung von zwei alkalischen Lösungen zur Reinigung von Kupfer im Vergleich mit einem herkömmlichen BadIn dieser Arbeit wird die Reinigung von kommerziellem Kupfer unter Verwendung von zwei neuen alkalischen Lösungen, die Formaldehyd und D(+)Glukose enthalten, bei Umgebungstemperatur untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden mit einer konventionellen Reinigungslösung verglichen. Es wurden drei organische Oxidationsinhibitoren verwendet: Phloroglucinol, 8-Chinolin und Resorcin. Folgende elektrochemische Techniken kamen zur Anwendung: Messung von Korrosionspotential und Polarisationswiderstand sowie die Aufnahme von Polarisationskurven. Des weiteren wurde die gravimetrische Methode eingesetzt. Es war zu beobachten, daß durch die beiden neuen Reinigungslösungen die Anlaufschichten auf dem Kupfer innerhalb weniger Sekunden entfernt wurden. Die beste Oberflächenqualität ergibt sich durch Anwendung der Lösung mit D(+)Glukose. Die konventionelle Lösung stellt ebenfalls ein sehr gutes Reinigungsbad für Kupfer dar. Die Reihenfolge der Wirksamkeit der organischen Inhibitoren ist: 8-Chinolin 〉 Phloroglucinol 〉 Resorcin.
    Notes: This paper studies the cleaning of commercial copper with two new aqueous alkaline solutions containing formaldehyde and D(+)glucose at room temperature. The results are compared with a conventional cleaning solution. Three organic corrosion inhibitors were used: Phloroglucinol, 8-Quinolinol and Resorcinol. Rest potential, polarization resistance and polarization curves were the electrochemical techniques used. The gravimetric technique was also used. It has been observed that the two new cleaning solutions remove copper tarnishing. The solution with D(+)glucose produces the best surface finish. Likewise, the conventional solution is an excellent copper cleaning bath. The order of inhibition efficiency of the organic inhibitors is as follows: 8-Quinolinol 〉 Phloroglucionol 〉 Resorcinol.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19960470906
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cleaning of two hundred year-old copper works of art using citric acid with and without benzotriazole and 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (1996)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 47 (1996), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Reinigung 200 Jahre alter Kupferstichplatten in Zitronensäure mit und ohne Zugabe von Benzotriazol und 2-Amino-5-Mercapto-1,3,4-ThiadiazolDie Arbeit berichtet über Untersuchungen mit 5-(Gewichts) prozentiger, nichtinhibierter und mit Benzotriazol (BTA) sowie 2-Amino-5-Mercapto-1,3,4-Thiadiazol (AMT) inhibierter und mit stickstoffentlüfteter Zitronensäure als Mittel zur Reinigung von Kupferstichplatten aus dem 18. und 19. Jahrhundert. Um die Wirkung der Inhibitoren zu kennzeichnen und die chemische Einwirkung (Ätzeffekt) des beschriebenen Reinigungsverfahrens zu quantifizieren, wurden elektrochemische Gleich- und Wechselstromtechniken angewendet.Die Zitronensäure beseitigt die Oberflächenmattierung des Kupfers. Die BTA- und AMT-Inhibitoren sind von vergleichbarer Wirksamkeit. Die Entlüftung vermindert die Korrosion auf Werte, die den mit Inhibitoren erhaltenen ähnlich sind.
    Notes: This paper studies the use of 5% (wt) citric acid without inhibitor, inhibited with benzotriazole (BTA) and 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AMT) and de-aerated with nitrogen in the cleaning of 18th and 19th century chalcographic plates. DC and AC electrochemical techniques have been used to characterize the effect of the inhibitors and to quantify the aggressiveness of the cleaning treatment.Citric acid removes copper surface tarnish. BTA and AMT inhibitors are similarly efficient. De-aeration reduces corrosion to levels similar to those obtained with inhibitors.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19960470303
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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