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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 11 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The ultrastructure of chloroplasts from palisade and spongy tissue was studied in order to analyse the adaptation of chloroplasts to the light gradient within the bifacial leaves of pea. Chloroplasts of two nuclear gene mutants of Pisum sativum (chlorotica-29 and chlorophyll b-less 130A), grown under normal light conditions, were compared with the wild type (WT) garden-pea cv. ‘Dippes Gelbe Viktoria’. The differentiation of the thylakoid membrane system of plastids from normal pea leaves exhibited nearly the same degree of grana formation in palisade and in spongy tissue. Using morphometrical measurements, only a slight increase in grana stacking capacity was found in chloroplasts of spongy tissue. In contrast, chloroplasts of mutant leaves differed in grana development in palisade and spongy tissue, respectively. Their thylakoid systems appeared to be disorganized and not developed as much as in chloroplasts from normal pea leaves. Grana contained fewer lamellae per granum, the number of grana per chloroplast section was reduced and the length of appressed thylakoid regions was decreased. Nevertheless, chloroplasts of the mutants were always differentiated into grana and stroma thylakoids. The structural changes observed and the reduction of the total chlorophyll content correlated with alterations in the polypeptide composition of thylakoid membrane preparations from mutant chloroplasts. In sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), polypeptide bands with a relative molecular mass of 27 and 26 kilodalton (kD) were markedly reduced in mutant chloroplasts. These two polypeptides represented the major apoproteins of the light harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex from photosystem II (LHC-II) as inferred from a comparison with the electrophoretic mobility of polypeptides isolated from the LHC-II.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 10 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  FEIBA®(factor eight inhibitor bypassing activity) has a history of more than 30 years of successful use in controlling bleeding in haemophilic patients who have developed inhibitory antibodies against factor (F)VIII or FIX. Recently it was shown that FEIBA® contains the proenzymes of the prothrombin complex factors, prothrombin, FVII, FIX and FX, but only very small amounts of their activation products, with the exception of FVIIa, which is contained in FEIBA® in greater amounts. FEIBA® controls bleeding by induction and facilitation of thrombin generation, a process for which FV is crucial. A number of biochemical in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that FXa and prothrombin play a critical role in the activity of FEIBA®. Consequently, they are considered to be key components of this product. The prothrombinase complex has been found to be a major target site for FEIBA®. Apart from prothrombin and FXa, FEIBA® contains other proteins of the prothrombin complex, which could also facilitate haemostasis in haemophilia patients with inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 10 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Factor VIII bypassing agents have different multiple modes of action, but share the common feature of inducing or facilitating thrombin generation. The information obtained from most overall assays to measure the haemostatic response to inhibitor-bypassing agents is limited to the initial phase of blood coagulation (clotting time measurement) or the formation of a solidifying clot followed by fibrinolysis (thrombelastography), and excludes the real endpoint of thrombin generation. Thrombin generation assays (TGAs) measure the whole kinetics of thrombin generation even after the clot formation, and thus assess all activating and inactivating systems of coagulation. Therefore, TGAs are not only becoming a universal tool to improve understanding of haemostasis and to investigate biochemical principles of the haemostatic system, but are also evolving as a powerful prognostic and monitoring tool for inhibitor bypassing therapies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 69 (1957), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 1 (1986), S. 203-207 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During the period 1983 to April 1986, 129 patients with rectal cancer were treated. In 76 of these depth of penetration of the rectal wall by tumour was assessed by ultrasound. T stage determined by ultrasound (uT) corresponded with the pathological stages (pT) in 67 patients. In the remaining 9 cases, ultrasound overstaged the tumour and in only one patient was the growth understaged. Lymph nodes could be visualised in 12 out of 27 patients in whom nodes were looked for but only six cases were found to be positive on histological examination. Of 22 recurrences detected or proven by ultrasound there was a group of 6 patients who had no other sign of recurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 10 (1981), S. 169-170 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter CHARGE-Assoziation ; Kleinwuchs ; Wachstumshormonmangel ; Key words CHARGE association ; Growth retardation ; Growth hormone deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A patient with CHARGE-association showed severe growth retardation in early childhood. Endocrinological investigations showed extremely low serum IGF-1 levels, three pathological stimulation tests of growth hormone, and only the insulin stimulation test showed a normal increase of growth hormone. Discussion: It is hypothesized that a disturbance of the growth hormone-IGF-1 axis is present in this patient, leading to severe growth failure.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei einem Patienten mit CHARGE-Assoziation fiel bereits früh ein Kleinwuchs auf. Die endokrinologischen Untersuchungen ergaben sehr niedrige IGF-1-Serumkonzentrationen sowie im Verlauf 3 pathologische Wachstumshormonstimulationstests. Lediglich ein Insulintoleranztest ergab einen im Normbereich liegenden Anstieg des Wachstumshormons. Diskussion: Es wird postuliert, daß damit eine Störung der Wachstumshormon-IGF-1-Achse vorliegt. Ein Übergang in einen kompletten Wachstumshormonmangel könnte in den folgenden Jahren noch erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Wachstumshormon ; Kleinwuchs ; Therapie ; Demographie ; Pharmakoepidemiologie ; KIGS [Kabi] Pharmacia & Upjohn International Growth Study) ; Key words Growth hormone ; Short stature ; Therapy ; Demography ; Pharmaco-epidemiology ; KIGS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Recombinant growth hormone (rGH) therapy in the treatment of children with short stature was introduced 10 years ago, and experience has shown that progress in implementing this mode of therapy depends increasingly on analyses of large pharmaco-epidemiological studies. These studies prove that the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency, whatever the cause or pathogenetic form, is the most frequent indication for GH therapy. The remaining problems are timely and precise diagnosis, and the best possible and individual therapy aiming at the projected height and taking safety and costs into account. We are closer to solving these problems today than ever before. Apart from this, the use of GH in treating short stature in Turner syndrome and renal insufficiency has led to its acceptance as a suitable therapy for these patients. Height improvement in a number of other growth disorders is, in certain cases, also possible through GH therapy. In the light of current experience, GH therapy can thus be attempted on a rational basis in individual cases. This form of treatment clearly holds wider possibilities and its implementation is likely to go beyond short stature in the future.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 10 Jahre nach der Einführung von rekombinantem Wachstumshormon (WH) in die Therapie kleinwüchsiger Kinder werden unsere Erfahrungen zunehmend auch durch Analyse umfangreicher pharmako-epidemiologischer Beobachtungen geprägt. Wachstumshormonmangel: Diese zeigen, daß der Wachstumshormonmangel in seinen unterschiedlichen Ursachen und pathogenetischen Erscheinungsformen nach wie vor die häufigste Indikation für WH darstellt. Die Probleme bestehen weiterhin in der rechtzeitigen und rationellen Diagnostik und in der Optimierung und Individualisierung der Therapie zum Erreichen der Wachstumsziele unter ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten und bei gleichzeitiger therapeutischer Sicherheit. Diese Probleme sind für den WH-Mangel heute lösbar. Weitere Indikationen: Ferner zeigt sich, daß auch der Kleinwuchs beim Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom und bei der Niereninsuffizienz, für welche WH zugelassen ist, erfolgreich behandelt werden kann. Bei einer Vielzahl anderer Wachstumsstörungen ist die Möglichkeit zur Größenverbesserung im Einzelfall gegeben. Vor dem Hintergrund heutiger Erfahrungen kann ein individueller Heilversuch so auf eine rationale Basis gestellt werden. Zukunftsperspektiven: In Zukunft wird das breite Wirkpotential von Wachstumshormon über die Indikation des Kleinwuchses hinaus ausgeschöpft werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Fetal transplantation ; Adrenals ; Addisonian crises ; Rat ; Adrenocorticotropic hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study investigates whether fetal adrenal transplants into the omentum of adrenalectomized rats will be integrated into the recipient's endocrine system to provide competent adrenocortical function. The results demonstrate that fetal adrenals graft with a rich vascular supply, mature histologically, and produce increasing levels of corticosterone. When bilateral adrenalectomy is performed in the recipient, survival is prolonged and addisonian crisis can be prevented. Moreover, adrenocorticotrophic hormone levels decrease with increasing levels of corticosterone, indicating that the fetal grafts are integrated into the physiological pituitary-adrenocortical feedback system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report on 46,XX true hermaphroditism and 46,XX maleness coexisting in the same pedigree, with maternal as well as paternal transmission of the disorder. Molecular genetic analysis showed that both hermaphrodites as well as the 46,XX male were negative for Y-chromosomal sequences. Thus, this pedigree is highly informative and allows the following conclusions: first, the maternal as well as paternal transmission of the disorder allows the possibility of an autosomal dominant as well as an X-chromosomal dominant mode of inheritance; second, testicular determination in the absence of Y-specific sequences in familial 46,XX true hermaphrodites as well as in 46,XX males seems to be due to the varying expression of the same genetic defect; and third, there is incomplete penetrance of the defect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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