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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clustering of perinatal markers of birth asphyxia and outcome at age five years (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 101 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives In a cohort of term infants with cerebral depression at delivery, to investigate the association of perinatal signs of birth asphyxia, particularly abnormal fetal heart rate patterns in labour, acidaemia, and serious neonatal encephalopathy, with neurodevelopmental outcome at age five years.Design Five year follow up study of a birth cohort.Setting Regional maternity hospital.Subjects One hundred and eighty-four singleton infants with a 1 min Apgar score ≤ 3, born at term between January 1984 and September 1985.Main outcome measures Neonatal death, cerebral palsy, and scores on a battery of neurodevelopmental tests at age five.Results Seven infants had a cluster of perinatal signs suggestive of birth asphyxia; all included serious neonatal encephalopathy. Three of these infants died neonatally, three had spastic quadriparesis with profound developmental delay, and one was unimpaired at the age of five. Among the remaining infants, no association was found between severely abnormal fetal heart rate patterns in labour and scores on neurodevelopmental tests, or between acid–base status at delivery and test scores.Conclusions Birth asphyxia, identified by a cluster of abnormal perinatal signs, including serious neonatal encephalopathy, has a poor prognosis. If serious encephalopathy is not present, cerebral depression at birth preceded by abnormal fetal heart rate patterns in labour, or with acid–base derangement, is not predictive of later impairment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb11945.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fetal intracranial haemorrhage: clinical significance of in utero ultrasonographic diagnosis (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 101 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13165.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First trimester maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and pregnancy-specific βl-glycoprotein in fetal trisomies (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 101 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To examine the potential value of maternal serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and pregnancy-specific βl-glycoprotein (SP1) in the detection of fetal trisomy.Design Cross-sectional study.Setting The Harris Birthright Research Centre For Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital Medical School, London, UK and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, USA. Subjects and methods Maternal serum PAPP-A and SP1 concentrations were measured at 10 to 13 weeks gestation in samples from 42 pregnancies with fetal trisomy (trisomy 21, n= 29; trisomy 18, n= 9; trisomy 13, n= 4) and in samples from 210 matched controls.Results In controls, both maternal serum PAPP-A and SP1 increased significantly with gestation and in trisomic fetuses levels of both hormones were reduced. However, discriminant analysis demonstrated that SP1 did not contribute significantly in the distinction between trisomic and control pregnancies. Although levels of PAPP-A were reduced throughout the gestational range examined (10 to 13 weeks), especially in cases with fetal trisomy 21, the deviation was more pronounced at 10 to 11 weeks than at 12 to 13 weeks gestation. In 45% of pregnancies with fetal trisomy 21 and 70% of pregnancies with trisomies 18 or 13 maternal serum PAPP-A levels at 10 to 11 weeks gestation were below the 5th centile of the normal range.Conclusion Maternal serum PAPP-A concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy may prove to be useful in the prediction of risk for fetal trisomies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13042.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room temperature excitonic absorption in CdZnTe/ZnTe quantum wells: Contributions to exciton linewidth (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 6722-6724 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We explore the inhomogeneous and homogeneous contributions to the exciton linewidth that have allowed the recent observation of room temperature excitonic absorption in II–VI semiconductor quantum wells. Our measurements of the absorption spectrum in a range of CdxZn1−xTe/ZnTe quantum well heterostructures indicate that temperature-dependent contributions to the exciton linewidth are influenced by alloy composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348895
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman scattering resonant with excitons in CdZnTe/ZnTe multiple quantum wells (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 75-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied CdZnTe/ZnTe multiple quantum wells which have alloy wells and strained layers. Low-temperature Raman spectra reveal a strain-induced shift of the longitudinal optic phonon energy consistent with a strain coherently shared between well and barrier layers. In resonant Raman profiles, we observe strong incoming and outgoing resonances at the n=1 heavy hole exciton transition that are well correlated with features in the photoluminescence and excitation spectra. Scattering by the CdTe-like phonon indicates an energy range for exciton localization by alloy fluctuations. The behavior of the ZnTe-like phonon near resonance is interpreted with exciton-polariton relaxation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105527
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shape-memory properties in Ni-Ti sputter-deposited film (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 6224-6228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The objective of this research is to establish a shape-memory effect in sputter-deposited films of nickel titanium. The alloy, generically called nitinol, was prepared from sputtering targets in two different compositions. Films were deposited up to 10 μm in thickness on glass substrates using a dc magnetron sputtering source. The as-deposited films were amorphous in structure and did not exhibit a shape memory. The amorphous films were crystallized with a suitable annealing process, and the transformation properties were measured using differential scanning calorimetry. The crystallized films showed transition temperatures that were much lower than those of the parent material. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the films were not a single phase but showed evidence of a second phase. However, the annealed films demonstrated a strong shape-memory effect. Stress/strain measurements and physical manipulation were used to evaluate the shape recovery. These tests demonstrated sustained tensile stresses of up to 480 MPa in the high-temperature phase, and a characteristic plastic deformation in the low-temperature phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346914
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absolute value of the magnetic moment per atom in Ag/Fe/Ag(001) and Ag/Co/Ag(001) epitaxial sandwich structures (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5397-5399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present the results of an investigation of epitaxial Ag/bcc Fe/Ag(001) and Ag/fcc Co/Ag(001) sandwich structures in which we use polarized neutron reflection (PNR) as a direct probe of the absolute value of the magnetic moment per atom in order to test recent theoretical calculations for these systems. An 8-ML bcc 57Fe and a 2-ML fcc Co film were found to display planar anisotropy at 300 K from surface magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements, and were selected for PNR measurements in the temperature range 4–300 K with the films magnetically saturated in-plane. The flipping ratio observed for the 8-ML 57Fe film is consistent with a ferromagnetic moment in the range 0.9–1.1 Bohr magnetons, which is significantly reduced from the bulk value, in contrast with recent theoretical predictions of a strongly enhanced ferromagnetic moment for this epitaxial system. No temperature dependence of the magnetization is detected, confirming the anticipated bulklike behavior. For the 2-ML fcc Co film, the observed flipping ratio is consistent with a ferromagnetic moment in the range 1.8–2.2 Bohr magnetons, which is significantly enhanced from the bulk hcp value, in agreement with recent theoretical calculations. No temperature dependence of the Co magnetization was detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344565
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The high energy spherical grating monochromator−A new source of soft x rays at Daresbury (abstract) : Proceedings of the 4th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 1341-1341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In this article we report the characteristics of the new High Energy Spherical Grating Monochromator beam line on the SRS. The instrument, which has no entrance slit, was designed to provide high photon flux with small spot size, in the energy range covering the 1s binding energies of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine. Radiation from a bending magnet is horizontally focused onto the exit slit by a long, Pt-coated meridian cylinder (R=299 m, 2 mrad horiz. aperture, 2° glancing angle). The light is vertically diffracted and focused by one of three interchangeable spherical gratings (1050, 1500, and 1800 lines mm−1) operating in negative order. Finally, the light is refocused by an ellipsoidal mirror. The photon flux, determined with copper and carbon photocathodes, is presented for the three gratings. Useful flux is obtained in the range 250–1200 eV, with intensity maxima for each grating at 600, 700, and 800 eV of 11, 9, and 5×1010 photons s−1 per 100-mA stored beam into a band pass of 0.05%. The influence of contaminants which are present on the optical elements is discussed, together with details of beam line operating conditions which minimize the build up of such contaminants. Photoabsorption and photoemission measurements indicate a high (up to 30%) second order and some third order light content. Resolution determinations obtained from photoabsorption measurements are presented. Although features as narrow as 250 meV have been resolved, the resolving power of the instrument is found to depend strongly on stored beam current. We suggest this may be due to electron beam (i.e., source) blow-up. We critically discuss the suitability of the new facility for surface EXAFS of low Z adsorbates, in particular above the carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen 1s edges, using examples from recent studies which have been undertaken on the beamline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143064
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroabsorption in II-VI multiple quantum wells (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 334-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the first study of the room-temperature electroabsorption effects in CdZnTe/ZnTe multiple quantum well structures which exhibit sharp excitonic absorption peaks. The magnitude of the Franz Keldysh and quantum-confined Stark Effects are found to be comparable to those of III-V semiconductors. With optimized structures we expect II-VI semiconductors to be important components for information processing in the visible spectrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104678
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collision-induced desorption of physisorbed CH4 from Ni(111): Experiments and simulations (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 4047-4065 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The desorption of CH4 physisorbed on Ni(111) is observed to be induced by collision with Ar atoms incident with energies less than 2 eV. The absolute cross section for collision-induced desorption of CH4 in the low coverage limit of an isolated CH4 molecule and from a saturated CH4 monolayer is measured as a function of the kinetic energy and incident angle of the Ar beam. The dominant mechanism for collision-induced desorption is determined to involve the direct collision of the incident Ar with the physisorbed CH4. Indirect, surface mediated desorption processes and multiple desorptions are found to be unimportant. Three-dimensional, classical molecular dynamics simulations based upon a hard sphere/hard cube model of the direct collision mechanism show that the complicated dependence of the desorption cross section at low CH4 coverage on the Ar energy and incident angle is the result of two competing dynamical effects: the increase in the geometrical collision cross section and the decrease in the Ar kinetic energy that can be transferred to CH4 motion normal to the surface as the Ar incident angle increases. Multiple Ar–CH4 collisions and mirror collisions are found to make relatively minor contributions to the cross section for collision induced desorption. Normal energy accommodation during the CH4-surface collision plays a significant role in determining the threshold energy for desorption. At high CH4 coverage, the obstruction of small impact parameter, head-on Ar–CH4 collisions by neighboring CH4 molecules at large angles of incidence is the origin of the difference in the cross section observed for low and high CH4 coverage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.458737
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