ISSN:
1432-1319
Quelle:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Thema:
Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
Notizen:
Summary The onset of water stress within a crop is defined as the time at which the rate of water loss declines below that of a well watered crop in the same locality. The relation to the onset of water stress and soil water status of several readily measured plant parameters was investigated in crops of wheat and soybeans over three years. Evapotranspiration ET was monitored with weighing lysimeters. A noticeable decline in the rate of ET for both wheat and soybeans was detected once 20% to 30% of the total plant available water PAW remained in the 1 m deep lysimeter soil profile. Extension growth of wheat declined when PAW was 33% and 34% in two years of measurement. In soybeans, the decline in the rate of leaf extension coincided with the decline in the rate of ET. Midmorning measurement of exposed leaf water potential ψL, covered leaf water potential ψCL and covered plant leaf water potential ψCP yielded similar results for both wheat and soybeans. Day-to-day variability was least in ψCP and most in ψL. Values of ψCP, ψL and ψCL decreased rapidly with PAW 〈 30%. Daily values of leaf diffusive conductance were variable but there was a general decline in conductance with PAW 〈 30%. It is suggested that ψCL may be the easiest and most reliable parameter to monitor as a means of detecting the onset of stress. The results indicated that PAW levels in the root zone of 50% for wheat and 30% for soybean probably do not affect extension growth or plant water status parameters and can thus be used as criteria for irrigation scheduling.
Materialart:
Digitale Medien
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257978
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