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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 4759-4769 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The numerical plasma torch model of D. A. Scott, P. Kovitya, and G. N. Haddad [J. Appl. Phys. 66, 5232 (1989)], in which both the arc and plume regions are included in the computational domain, has been extended to treat the effect of the mixing of the plasma gas with the ambient gas. Both laminar diffusion and turbulent mixing are considered. The predictions of the model are compared with laser-scattering measurements of the temperature distribution in the plume of a plasma torch, for the case in which the plasma gas is argon and the ambient gas is air at atmospheric pressure. Good agreement is found between the measurements and the predictions of the model. The rapid decay in plume temperature away from the exit of the torch nozzle is shown to be mainly due to cooling by air entrained by turbulent mixing. The K-ε turbulence model is found to adequately approximate the turbulence phenonema involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 2880-2882 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The use of a novel nonaxisymmetric quadrupole ion trap for frequency standard applications is suggested. The properties of such an elongated trap are examined using a cold-ion-cloud model. It is shown that increasing the elongation of the trap, while keeping either the smallest dimension or the volume of the trap constant, substantially increases the ratio of the number of ions that can be stored to the magnitude of the second-order Doppler shift of the ions. This indicates that a frequency standard incorporating an elongated rf ion trap can achieve greater precision than one based on the currently favored circular rf or Paul trap.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The application of thermochemical modeling, chemical kinetic modeling, and computational fluid dynamic modeling to waste destruction by thermal plasmas is considered. Destruction of liquid and gaseous wastes in the PLASCON™ waste destruction process is used as an example. It is demonstrated that thermochemical calculation of the mixing temperature is a useful tool to predict the level to which wastes are destroyed; however, chemical kinetic calculations are necessary to investigate the formation of byproducts in the process. Computational fluid dynamic modeling is required to obtain temperature and flow fields in two dimensions. When combined with chemical kinetics, composition fields can also be obtained. These points are illustrated using the examples of chlorobenzene and chlorofluorocarbon destruction. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 1340-1343 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that diffusion due to concentration and temperature gradients in a mixture of two nonreacting homonuclear gases consisting of arbitrarily many species in chemical equilibrium may be described by one ordinary and one thermal diffusion coefficient. These coefficients replace the 1/2q(q−1) independent ordinary diffusion coefficients and the q−1 independent thermal diffusion coefficients required in previous treatments to describe diffusion in a q-species gas mixture. A sample calculation for a mixture of dissociating nitrogen and oxygen is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 49 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: N-Acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is a nervous system-specific dipeptide which has been implicated in chemical neurotransmission. Antisera were prepared against NAAG in order to study its cellular distribution. When these antisera were applied to tissue sections of rat spinal sensory ganglia, NAAG-like immunoreactivity was detected within a subpopulation of relatively large neuronal cell bodies in cervical, lumbar, and thoracic ganglia. In order to confirm the presence of NAAG within these neurons, the dipeptide was extracted and purified from spinal ganglia using high-performance liquid chromatography and its composition confirmed by amino acid analysis. Further, the biosynthesis of NAAG was studied in vitro by following the incorporation of either [3H]glutamine or [3H]glutamate into the glutamate residue of the purified dipeptide. [3H]Aspartate was not incorporated efficiently into NAAG under these conditions, suggesting a precursor role for the large N-acetylaspartate pool. The incorporation of radiolabeled amino acids into newly synthesized NAAG by spinal sensory ganglia was not inhibited by incubation of the cells with anisomycin or cycloheximide at concentrations which significantly inhibited protein synthesis. These data suggest that NAAG is present in a subpopulation of primary afferent spinal neurons and that its biosynthesis is mediated by a dipeptide synthetase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 7065-7067 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied the crystallization, crystal structure, microstructure and magnetic properties of R-Fe-B (R=Nd,Pr,Dy,Tb) based melt-spun ribbons consisting of a mixture of R2Fe14B and α-Fe phases. All the samples crystallize first to α-Fe and a metastable phase (Y3Fe62B14 for R=Nd,Pr,Dy and TbCu7 for R=Tb) before they finally transform to 2:14:1 and α-Fe. The highest values of coercivity and reduced remanence, 4.5 and 0.63 kOe, respectively, were obtained in a Nd3.85Tb2(Fe-Nb-B)94.15 sample. These properties are the result of a fine grain microstructure consisting of a mixture of α-Fe and 2:14:1 having an average grain size of 30 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 3423-3427 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A technique is presented by which the Fowler–Milne spectroscopic method can be applied to thermal plasmas containing two or more atomic elements. The technique requires the measurement of the emission coefficient for an atomic transition of each element. These values are normalized to the maximum emission coefficient for each transition in the respective single-element plasmas. Neither calibration of the sensitivity of the apparatus nor knowledge of atomic transition probabilities is required. The technique allows the relative concentration of the elements to be derived significantly more precisely than other spectroscopic methods. The technique is applied to the measurement of the radial profiles of temperature and composition of free-burning arcs in mixtures of argon and nitrogen. Significant demixing is observed, with the direction of the demixing depending on the relative concentrations of argon and nitrogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1825-1827 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Measurement of intrinsic and injected impurity concentrations and transport in tokamak plasmas by x-ray pulse-height analysis (PHA) and x-ray imaging (XI) diode arrays requires reliable excitation rates for a number of charge states of a range of elements (Al, Se, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, Ge, etc.). Previous PHA measurements at Princeton have relied on a coronal-equilibrium average of excitation rates for iron, and a prescription for scaling the average rate to nearby elements. For improved accuracy in PHA measurements (using the MIST impurity equilibrium and transport code) and for interpretation of XI data (using an x-ray simulation code), rates for excitation of dominant charge states by electron impact, dielectronic recombination, and radiative recombination have been calculated from available atomic data and parametrized as a function of atomic number (Z=10–42) and electron temperature (Te =0.1–10.0 keV).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 88 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Intrauterine fetal death occurred in two pregnancies following the extra-amniotic insertion of prostaglandin gel to ripen the cervix. An antenatal cardiotocogram before gel insertion was normal in each case. Continuous external cardiotocography should be used in patients with a high risk pregnancy who undergo ripening of the cervix before induction of labour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 1304-1306 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method of determining the temperature of a thermal plasma by laser scattering, without frequency resolution of the scattered signal, is introduced. The method gives valid measurements of the gas temperature across the complete diameter of a free-burning argon arc, even in regions in which local thermodynamic equilibrium does not exist. The results show that the maximum temperature in a 100 A arc, with a 60° conical thoriated-tungsten cathode, is over 18 000 K, in agreement with our previous spectroscopic measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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