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  • 1965-1969  (422)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1840-1849
  • 1967  (422)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (422)
  • 101
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    Electronic Resource
    Effects of beef insulin upon the granulation of beta cells in cultures of pancreases of fetal rats from diabetic mothersThis study was supported in part by N.I.H. grants HD412, AM6517, and AM5127. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 415-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Portions of pancreases were removed from nineteen and one-half day fetuses from diabetic and nondiabetic rats. These explants were grown for four days in organ culture by the watch glass method.Four types of culture media were used: standard medium containing 165 mg of glucose per 100 ml; similar standard medium supplemented with 0.70 to 2.20 mU per ml of insulin (beef); high glucose medium containing 1050 mg of glucose per 100 ml; similar high glucose medium supplemented with 0.65 to 2.00 mU per ml of insulin (beef).In cultures of pancreases grown on standard media both with and without added insulin, there were large increases in the number of granulated beta cells.In cultures of pancreases of fetuses from diabetic rats, which were grown on high glucose medium, the high level of glucose maintained the cultures in a simulated diabetic environment in which few granulated beta cells appeared. Conversely, when the cultures of fetuses from diabetic rats were grown on high glucose medium with added insulin, there was an increase in the number of granulated beta cells.These observations suggest that the insulin level in the culture medium influences the granulation of the beta cell.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570302
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability in body and organ weights in the newborn dog and cat compared with that in the adult (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 449-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Body and organ weights of 24 newborn dogs and 35 newborn cats were studied. All of the measurements, except weights of hypophysis, spinal cord and testes are larger in the dogs. As percentages of body weight, the organs are more equally divided, with seven organs relatively heavier in the dogs and eight in the cats. All except two of the measurements of the newborn dogs are more variable than in the newborn cats.All of the organs are significantly correlated with body weight in the dogs and all except one, in the cats. All 15 of the organs are significantly correlated with body length in the dogs and 13, in the cats. The intercorrelations of the organ weights are somewhat higher in the dogs.The coefficients of variation of the newborn are compared with similar coefficients in adult dogs and cats. Body weight, body length and the kidneys are more variable in the adult dogs and the other organs, so far as data are available, are more variable in the newborn dogs of both sexes. Seven organs are more variable in adult male cats and three in females. The newborn dog is more variable in body and organ weights than the newborn cat, but weights of body and organs are better correlated in the newborn dog than in the newborn cat.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570305
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of ovarian hormones on uterine phosphatases of the rhesus monkey (Macaca Mulatta) (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 465-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Endometrial acid and alkaline phosphatases were studied histochemically in rhesus monkeys treated with various combinations of estrogen (E, 17β-estradiol and/or estriol), progesterone (P) and relaxin (R) or a low potent relaxin control preparation (NRF). In the cells of the uterine glands of the E-treated animal, the apical cytoplasm showed intense activity of both phosphatases. This estrogenic response was depressed in the stratum functionale by P and in the stratum basale by PR. With E, acid phosphatase-staining granules appeared in scattered stromal cells with eccentric nuclei. Addition of P or PR increased the number of acid phosphatase positive stromal cells, especially in the stratum functionale. With the exception of the sinus-like channels and superficial vessels of the stratum functionale of monkeys treated with ER and EPR, all endothelium of capillary and precapillary vessels was rich in alkaline phosphatase activity. Thus, acid alkaline phosphatases appear to be metabolically important components of the endometrium which undergo cyclic variation and reflect specific influences of the ovarian hormones; estrogens, progesterone and relaxin. The implications to human menstrual physiology are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570307
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  • 104
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    Bony pelvic sexual dimorphism in the ratThis investigation was supported in whole by Public Health Service Research Grant AM09499, from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases.From a thesis submitted by the senior author to the Faculty of the Yale University School of Medicine in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the M.D. degree. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 517-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Normal pelvic dimorphism is the result of the male pelvis acquiring morphological features during postnatal development that differ from those of the female. The first dimorphic features appear at 32 days of age. At 76 days of age the male pelvis has eleven dimorphic features that constitute the dimorphism of the normal adult. The development of five of the 11 features is dependent on the presence of the testes, whereas, the other six develop independently of the testes. The testes-dependent features develop in males castrated at birth and treated with testosterone. The postnatal development of the female-type pelvis in the normal female is not dependent on the presence of the ovaries.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570311
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  • 105
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    A radioautographic study of proliferation in brown fat of the rat after exposure to coldSupported by a research grant (04921) from National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, U.S.P.H.S. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 537-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Radioautographs of the interscapular brown fat of six weeks old animals showed that within 24 hours after cold exposure at 4°-5°C, proliferation increased in endothelium of the already profuse capillary network and also that of arterioles and especially that of venules. This continued at a high level for 48 hours then declined. Extravascular fat precursor cells but not fat cells showed an increased proliferative activity at 48 hours cold exposure which continued until 96 hours. By eight days, adaptation to the cold occurred and proliferative activity was not increased thereafter nor did it occur significantly in animals seven months old. Animals exposed to cold 48 hours, given thymidine-H3, and then returned to a temperature of 23°C for a week or more showed a considerable number of labeled fat cells which presumably were precursor cells when the thymidine-H3 was given. When the interscapular brown fat was denervated on one side, there was no loss of lipid nor increased proliferative activity in the vascular or extravascular cells on that side after 48 hours cold exposure. The normally innervated opposite side, however, had more proliferating cells than usual, especially in the endothelium.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570313
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  • 106
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    Modification of the endoplasmic reticulum in some mammalian oocytesThis study was supported by USPHS grant HD-01110 of the National Institutes of Health. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 59-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Oocytes of the hamster, rat, Mongolian gerbil and squirrel monkey demonstrate an unusual “twin” or multilaminated arrangement of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Two or more cisternae appose laterally apparently after the ribosomes vanish from the adjacent surfaces. A central electron dense leaflet, composed of filamentous components can be discerned between the apposed surfaces. Between two cisternae of the membrane complex found in hamster oocytes, narrow connecting pillars or walls also develop. The nuclear envelope frequently represents one cisternal element in the membrane complex, at which place nuclear pores are lacking. In rat oocytes the endoplasmic reticulum cisternae take on either a concentric form, apparently by end-to-end fusion of “twin” cisternal membranes, or form a spiral by several turns of the same cisternum. No functional role could be suggested for the observed specilization of the endoplasmic reticulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580108
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  • 107
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    The morphology of valves in cerebral arteries of the ratSupported by grant HE 09041 from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service, under the direction of Dr. Frank N. Low. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 481-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Valves associated with major arterial branches at the base of the brain in rats were studied after fixation by perfusion with buffered aldehydes. These endothelial covered structures are entirely intimal. All cellular and non-cellular elements of their core are laminated, including the PAS positive ground substance. Smooth muscle and nerve endings are not demonstrable. Reticular fibers form a substantial sheath around the base of each valve. Their location and morphology suggest that they may serve a regulatory function in maintaining proper intracerebral blood flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570308
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  • 108
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    Comparative anatomical and neurohistological observations on the tongues of elephants (Elephas indicus and Loxodonta africana)A part of this work was read at the 32nd Anatomical Meeting of Kanto District, May 14, 1966, Tokyo. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 505-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Frozen sections from Indian and African elephant tongues were investigated neurohistologically. On the dorsum there are 3 to 5 vallate papillae. Foliate papillae consisting of 18 to 27 clefts are observed in the posterolateral region of the tongue. Wart-like papillae are distributed along the lateral border of the tongue from the foliate papillae region to the apex. Vallate and foliate papillae contain serous glands but have no taste buds. They are supplied with abundant lamellated corpuscles of Pacinian type in their upper mucosa. The wart-like papillae are composed of two or more papillae, each of which has many secondary papillae supplied with plexiform thin and thick nerves. They bear a few taste buds and contain lamellated corpuscles of Pacinian type.From these neurohistologic characteristics wart-like papillae should be regarded as a receptive organ for secretion of the lingual glands. Lamellated corpuscles of Pacinian type are widely distributed over the whole surface of the tongue. The histologic location of these two structures is of interest in suggesting that they together play important roles as receptors of taste and tactile sensations during mastication of food. Double motor end plates are found on single muscle fibers. The mixed glands which are plentiful in the inferolateral area of the tongue are in close topographic relation with the wart-like papillae.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570310
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  • 109
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    Masthead (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570401
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  • 110
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    Subcommissural organ, lateral hypothalamus, and dorsal longitudinal fasciculus in water and salt metabolismThe present report is based on a Ph.D. dissertation presented to the Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, 1962. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 457-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Twenty-two albino rats were divided into three groups for chronic brain electrode implantation. The effects of subsequent stimulation and ablation of the subcommissural organ (SCO), the bilateral lateral hypothalamic nuclei (LH), and the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus (FLD) on volume of water intake, and on concentration of urinary excretion were observed over twenty-two hour periods of free access to water both before and after treatments.It was observed that neither stimulation nor lesion of the SCO resulted in disruption of water intake or of urinary volume and concentration. Similar stimulation of LH potentiated drinking, while similar lesions produced a hypodipsia that necessitated tube feeding. Lesions of LH produced, in addition, marked elevation of urine volume, but no change in urine concentration. Sectioning of the FLD was followed by effects similar to those following lesions of the LH nuclei.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570306
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  • 111
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    Cell proliferation in the mammary gland during late pregnancy and lactationThis investigation was supported by grant HD-01009 from the U.S. Public Health Service. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 489-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Nulliparous, CFW mice were injected with 25 m̈c of tritiated thymidine on day 19 of pregnancy, and days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 20 of lactation. The animals were killed one hour after injection. The inguinal mammary glands were removed and processed for paraffin sectioning. Radioautographs were prepared, using the dipping technique.Quantitation of mammary epithelial cell proliferation for the intra- and interlobular (ducts) epithelium was performed by determining the percent of labeled epithelial cells in a large sample of cells (labeling index). It was concluded that epithelial cell sample sizes of 1,000-2,000 cells were adequate to measure mammary epithelial proliferation. A wave of epithelial proliferation was observed during early lactation. In the intralobular epithelium, a peak labeling index of 11.1% was attained on day two of lactation whereas a peak labeling index of 7.9% was observed on day three of lactation in the interlobular epithelium. Cells of the connective tissue and vascular bed proliferated in response to the growth of the mammary epithelium. Myoepithelial cells were frequently labeled on days two and three of lactation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570309
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  • 112
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    An intercellular substance in rat cerebral cortex: Submicroscopic distribution of ruthenium redThis work was supported by U.S.P.H.S. Research grant NB 05175-02. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 527-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Specimens of rat cerebral cortex were fixed in solutions containing ruthenium red and prepared for electron microscopy by a method described by Luft ('65a). In specimens taken from a narrow zone 5-10 m̈ thick and about 5 m̈ beneath the pial surface the ruthenium red reaction was found to be uniform and reproducible. In this zone a particulate reaction product was distributed extracellularly. The reaction product accumulated in intercellular gaps, filling them with closely-packed, dense particulates which adhered closely to the outer leaflets of apposed plasma membranes and filled also the intercellular spaces with additional particulates.The selective, extracellular distribution of the ruthenium red reaction product suggested the presence of an intercellular acid mucopolysaccharide, which may be different in capillary basal laminae, intercellular gaps and synaptic clefts, as suggested by the variable reactivity of these extracellular sites.The presence of an intercellular acid mucopolysaccharide in the cerebral cortex would controvert neither ion transport by glial cytoplasm nor intercellular channels. It is suggested that such an intercellular substance might facilitate ion transport and the histophysiological significance of this is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570312
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  • 113
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    The antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of progesterone in the defense of a normal fetus (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 547-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The hypothalamic-anterior pituitary-gonadal system of the infant rodent is sensitive to sex hormones. In the female, an increase in androgens leads to improper development of an anovulatory ovary. In the male, an increase in estrogens prevents the testis from attaining normal development. These atrophic testes show serious abnormalities of spermatogenesis and androgen biosynthesis. Progesterone, which may function as both an antiestrogen and an antiandrogen, can prevent these abnormal developmental changes.It is suggested that a function of progesterone, in pregnancy, may be the defense of the fetus against increased concentrations of androgens and/or estrogens.
    Additional Material: 18 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570402
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  • 114
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    Interneocortical connections in the opossum, Didelphis virginianaThis work was supported by the General Research Support Grant of the United States Public Health Service. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 607-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Discrete neocortical lesions were placed in the brains of 12 opossums. After a survival time of 1 to 3 weeks, the brains were subjected to the Nauta-Gygax technique for degenerating axons or to the Swank-Davenport modification of the Marchi technique for degenerating myelin. A partial hemispherectomy was performed on the brains of two additional animals. The entire intact hemisphere opposite the lesion was then subjected to the Nauta-Gygax technique.The results of histological examination indicate that fibers cross extensively in the anterior commissure from all areas of the neocortex. Degenerating fibers passed from each of the neocortical lesions into the ipsilateral external capsule. It was by means of the external capsule that they entered the anterior commissure. After crossing in the anterior commissure, the degenerating fibers passed into the contralateral external capsule and subsequently terminated on cells in the homotypic cortex opposite the lesion. Some fibers, however, terminated in non homotypic cortical areas. Fibers, particularly from the more dorsally placed lesions, also crossed in the hippocampal commissure. The results support the concept that a portion of the anterior commissure of certain marsupials is homologous to the corpus callosum of higher forms.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570406
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  • 115
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    Age and the cell cycle of the mouse colonic epithelium (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 621-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The colonic progenitor population has been investigated in four age groups of male Swiss albino mice utilizing tritium thymidine and autoradiography. The duration of the progenitor cell cycle and its component phases as well as the DNA synthetic index were determined for each age group following sequential sacrifice of the experimental animals.Analysis of the kinetics of metaphase labeling revealed that the mean duration of the cell cycle lengthens with age, whereas S (about 7.8 hours), G2 and M remain relatively constant. Estimates of the cell cycle from the ratio of the S-phase duration to the DNA synthetic index also demonstrate an increase with age, although the values derived from this method do not agree with those based on metaphase labeling.Determination of the DNA synthetic index disclosed a decrease in the percentage of labeled cells with increasing age. Thus, the prolongation of the mean duration of the cell cycle apparently results from an increase in the G1-phase.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570408
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  • 116
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    Postnatal development of pulmonary and bronchial arterial circulations in the calf and the effects of chronic hypoxiaSupported by grants HE 06780-04 and HE 08932-01 from U. S. Public Health Service, The National Institutes of Health. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 641-655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Seven calves were placed in an altitude chamber on the day of birth and were maintained at the simulated high altitude of 11,000 feet for 2 to 5 months. Circulatory measurements during life and structural changes in the lungs after death were compared with findings in 20 normal calves. The normal calves showed a surprising growth of lung parenchyma and pulmonary and bronchial arterial circulations during the first seven days of life. Such a rapid postnatal lung growth has not previously been reported and may account for much of the normal decrease in pulmonary arterial pressure seen during this period of life. By contrast calves maintained from birth at simulated high altitude rapidly increased their pulmonary arterial pressures during the first two weeks of life. The pulmonary arterial circulation remained constricted and at autopsy presented an exaggerated radiographic and histologic pattern seen in normal calves less than 24 hours old. The bronchial arterial circulation in the calves at high altitude became greatly increased. Chronic hypoxia in these calves probably sustained increased tone in the pulmonary, but not systemic arterioles, with the result that the normal growth pattern of the lung vessels was altered. This study emphasizes the different regulation of the two arterial supplies to the same organ, namely, the lung.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570410
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  • 117
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    Cell architecture in the papillary layer of rat incisor enamel organ at the stage of enamel maturation (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 683-697 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Shape and arrangement of cells and extent of intercellular spaces were studied in sections of enamel organ cut in three planes: at right angles to the axis of the incisor tooth, at right angles to the axis of the ameloblasts, and parallel to the axes of the incisor and ameloblasts.The cells in contact with the base of the ameloblasts make up the proximal part of the papillary layer. They have a polygonal cross section close to the ameloblasts and point several sheet-like cell processes towards the blood vessels which invaginate in the papillary layer. Intercellular spaces of constant width pervade the proximal part and provide a direct and straight communication between blood vessels and ameloblasts.The cells of the ridges make up the distal part of the papillary layer, and are flattened in the direction of the ridges. Intercellular spaces in the ridges are narrower than in the proximal part and visible with the light microscope only during a fraction of the enamel maturation period.No distinct cell layers are visible within the papillary layer during enamel maturation. All cells in the papillary layer may be in contact with the basement membrane investing the enamel organ. The structure of the papillary layer changes with the different phases of enamel maturation. Functional aspects of the papillary layer are briefly discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570413
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  • 118
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    Fine structure of the posterior subclavian ganglion of the newt TriturusThis work was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute (TICA-5055), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 453-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The posterior subclavian ganglion of the newt Triturus viridescens consists of a central zone of adrenal or interrenal cells and an outer cortex of chromaffin cells and sympathetic ganglion cells. Interrenal cells contain abundant large clear vacuoles in the cytoplasm and mitochondria with tubular cristae. Two types of chromaffin cells were observed: cells containing opaque granules, 1500 Å in diameter (norepinephrine), and cells containing moderately dense granules, 2600 Å in diameter (epinephrine). Both types of granules are present in a few cells. Sympathetic ganglion cells and their efferent nerves contain vesicles, 750 Å in diameter, with dense cores. Small unmyelinated nerves are located between chromaffin cells or between ganglion cells and their satellite sheaths. In synaptic regions, spherical or oval clear vesicles are abundant. Large bundles of a few myelinated nerves and many small unmyelinated nerves occur between the cellular elements. Axons are enveloped by Schwann cells and the large nerve bundles are loosely enclosed by a connective tissue sheath (endoneurium). Melanophores or pigment cells and connective tissue elements occur in the cortex of the gland.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580409
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  • 119
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    The aorticopulmonary artery of the cat  -  its location and postnatal closureSupported by USPHS grant HE-06285 and Morrison-Watson Research Fellowship, Department of Anatomy, University of Manchester, England. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 491-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This paper describes the position and time of postnatal closure of a vessel from the pulmonary artery to the aorticopulmonary glomus (carotid body-like) tissue. Nine prenatal and eight postnatal kittens (killed at 12 hours, and 8, 12, 16, 30, 42, 60 and 90 days) and 50 adult cats were examined. The vessel arose from the root of the right pulmonary artery and had ascending and descending branches. The latter supplied the aorticopulmonary glomus tissue and mingled with vessels arising from the root of the coronary arteries  -  usually the left. In two prenatal cats an actual anastomosis was demonstrated. There was no change in the intramural part of the branch of the pulmonary artery in kittens less than 16 days old. The vessel was partly closed by cellular proliferation by the sixteenth day and was almost certainly occluded by the forty-second day. It was not patent in any animal more than 42 days of age. In the adult cat, the aorticopulmonary glomus tissue was less cellular than in the fetus. It is suggested that the communication between the branch from the right pulmonary artery and the coronary arteries through chemoreceptor tissue may have functional significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580412
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    American Association of Anatomists. Proceedings of the American Association of Anatomists Eightieth Meeting, University of Kansas School of Medicine, April 4, 5, 6, 7, 1967, with List of Officers and Members (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 509-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580414
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    Cholinesterase activity in the harderian gland of anas domesticus (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 17-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The histochemical localization and quantitative levels of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase have been determined in the Harderian glands of normal ducks and ducks fed with salt to increase their serum sodium concentrations; there was no significant difference between the two groups.Acetylcholinesterase was present at a mean concentration of 68.2 μM/gm/hour (range 65.5 - 72.7 μM/gm/hour) in the normal animals and 67.6 μM/gm/hour (range 63.8 - 76.4 μM/gm/hour) in the salt-fed group; the enzyme was present in nerves related to blood vessels. Butyrylcholinesterase was present at a mean concentration of 42.5 μM/gm/hour (range 20.4 - 58.7 μM/gm/hour) in the control animals and 40.2 μM/gm/hour (range 29.3 - 61.3 μM/gm/hour) in the salt-fed group; the enzyme was present in epithelial cells and in nerves related to blood vessels similar to those containing acetylcholinesterase. There was a close correlation between the subjective assessment of cholinesterase activity based on histochemical techniques and the amount quantitatively measured.The gland probably secretes mucus and lipids; the epithelial butyrylcholinesterase may play a role in lipid metabolism in the tissue. The nerves may regulate the flow of blood through the gland.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    Effect of steroid hormones on biochemical characteristics of blastocysts in ovariectomized rabbitsThis investigation was supported in part by USPHS research grants HD 00585-03 and HD 01013-03 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Scientific Paper 2903, College of Agriculture Research Center, Projects 1698 and 1794. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 281-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Groups of nulliparous pregnant rabbits were bilaterally ovariectomized on the third, fifth, sixth or seventh days of gestation; some groups were then treated daily with 40 mg of progesterone alone or with 4 mg progesterone alone or in combination with estradiol at a ratio of 1:400 or 1:4000. Animals ovariectomized 3 days post coitum (p.c.) were autopsied four days later; those ovariectomized five, six, or seven days p.c. were autopsied 24 hours later. The number of viable blastocysts per doe was greatly decreased following ovariectomy; however, the number was increased by treatment with progesterone alone or in combination with estradiol (1:400 or 1:4000). The weight of blastocyst and embryonic matter (trophoblast and embryonic disc), and the volume of blastocoelic fluid in the blastocyst at six or seven days p.c. were neither affected by ovariectomy nor by injection of 4 mg of progesterone. The weight of the blastocysts was significantly reduced when ovariectomy was performed seven days p.c. The concentration of the biochemical compounds in the blastocoelic fluid was not altered by ovariectomy at five or seven days p.c. In contrast, the concentration of glucose, lactic acid, protein N and nonprotein in the blastocyst was greatly lowered by ovariectomy at six days p.c., being partly alleviated by daily injections of progesterone, alone or in combination with estradiol. Ovariectomy at three days p.c. was no more detrimental than later ovariectomy if steroids were administrated.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580307
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    Congenital malformations induced by alloxan diabetes in mice and ratsSupported in part by grant HD00074 from National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service.We are deeply indebted to James G. Wilson, Ph.D., for his encouragement in the experiment on rats and for his kindness in correcting the manuscript. Thanks are also due to Dr. Moriyasu Yada, Mrs. Carol Thompson and Mr. George Pinkney for technical help. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 303-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Two separate experiments were carried out. (1) Alloxan was injected subcutaneously into ICR female mice at 200 mg/kg on day 0 (zero) of gestation. In the animals which became persistently diabetic, 27.5% of the conceptuses underwent resorption or death and 7.2% of surviving fetuses showed gross malformations, including exencephaly, spina bifida and cleft palate. In nondiabetic experimental animals there was no increase in fetal mortality or malformation rate. (2) Wistar rats were treated by alloxan intraperitoneally at 160 mg/kg on the seventh day of gestation. Again, only in cases of persistent diabetes were there raised fetal mortality and high incidence of external and internal malformations (50.0% of survivors abnormal), including cataract, hydronephrosis, microphthalmia, exencephaly and cleft palate. When glucose concentration was determined in the embryo and amniotic fluid on the eleventh and thirteenth days of gestation, it was found to be much higher in the diabetic than in the control or the nondiabetic treated animals. The embryonic glucose level was always slightly lower than that of the maternal blood.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580310
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    The projection of optic nerve fibers in the frog Rana catesbeiana as studied by radioautography (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 325-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Tritiated leucine was unilaterally introduced into the vitreous chambers of metamorphosing bullfrog tadpoles in an attempt to determine whether the optic fibers may be traced by radioautography. After injection, the animals were sacrificed at varying time intervals from 4½ minutes to 32 days. Serial sections of the brain were subjected to radioautography. The optic fibers were thereby traced to their known terminations and to a small thalamic cell cluster to which we found no reference in the literature. Significant differential radioactivity was detectable in the contralateral optic lobe as early as six hours postinjection, suggesting a flow, whether intra- or extraaxonal, of at least 10-22 mm/day.A single postmetamorphic frog underwent excision of the optic chiasm with positioning of the stumps of the optic nerves against the lateral wall of the thalamus. Fifteen weeks were allowed for regeneration. When the same histologic and radioautographic technique as above was used (sacrificing at eight days postinjection), a grain path was found to extend from the optic nerve into the brain. This path divided into two distinct branches, one branch crossing over and one remaining on the same side. These results indicate the practicality of tracing nerve distribution within the CNS by radioautography.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580313
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    The premaxilla: Embryological evidence that it does not exist in manFrom a thesis submitted as part of the requirements for the M.S. degree at Northwestern University Dental School.Partial support for this study was provided by USPHS grant DE 2014. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 485-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Many accounts of the human premaxilla describe its ossification centers and time of fusion with the maxilla, but that such a bone even exists in the human has long been questioned. Very few specimens undergoing initial phases of ossification have been reported and no convincing photographs of separate centers have been published.This report is based on 90 serially sectioned human embryos whose ages (Streeter's Horizons XVIII to XXIII) were closely grouped around the age when ossification of the upper jaw begins. There is but one ossification center bilaterally which, although it appears first in the cuspid region, rapidly involves an area extending from the molar to the central incisor region.Not one of the specimens showed an independent center for the “premaxilla” nor an “incisive suture” in the area of ossification. The premaxilla does not exist as an independent bone in man.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580411
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    DNA synthesis by cultured myocardial cellsResearch supported by USPHS grants HE-02083-11 and AI-06150 from the National Institutes of Health. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 501-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Myocardial cells cultured from ventricles of 4-day embryonic chick hearts were labeled with H3-thymidine for the radioautographic study of DNA synthesis and nuclear cycling. After the myoblasts had been in culture for 48 hours and had begun to grow out and contract, the cultures were exposed to H3-thymidine, 1 μc/ml of Hank's balanced salt solution, for one hour. Pairs of cultures were fixed in methyl alcohol for analysis every two hours over a subsequent period of 60 hours. The total percentage of labeled cells, together with labeled mitotic figures which developed after labeling, determined the average values for generation time and nuclear cycle phases as follows: generation time, 45 hours; DNA synthesis, nine hours; G2 interval, 2-6 hours; G1 interval, 27-33 1/2 hours; and mitosis, one-half to one hour. Autonomous control of DNA synthesis was observed occasionally in a binucleate cell having only one labeled nucleus, although both nuclei were in a similar phase of mitosis. It is evident from these data that cultured myocardial cells synthesize DNA similarly to other cells.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580413
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    Morphology of the specialized conducting tissue in the atria of the equine heartThis investigation was supported in part by grants HE 19,835-03 and GM-1052 from the National Institutes of Health and a grant from the Central Ohio Heart Association. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 401-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The gross and microscopic anatomy of the sinus node (SN), atrioventricular node (AVN) and specialized fibers in the atrium were studied in 19 horses and eight mules. The SN is supplied with blood by a branch from the left circumflex artery which subdivides within the node. The SN has a body and long tapering cranial and caudal crura which encircle the lateral margin of the precaval orifice. The AVN, which has no large artery consistently present within its structure, is located within the fibrous septum above the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve and anterior to the coronary sinus.Histologically most of the fibers in the SN and AVN are similar to those in other species. They are smaller, paler staining and much more interwoven than ordinary myocardial fibers. In the caudal crus of the SN, the fibers are clumped together with loss of individual characteristics.Large, glycogen-rich cells morphologically similar to ventricular Purkinje fibers are found in the right atrial subendocardium. The distribution of these fibers suggest that they may be concerned with intraatrial spread of excitation. Muscular pathways between the SN and AVN are composed of ordinary myocardial fibers. The large atrial myocardial fibers do not connect directly with SN or AVN fibers.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580405
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    The ontogeny and growth of the human tentorium cerebelliSupported by a grant from the U.S. Public Health Service (IRO1 NBO 6805-01). (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 433-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ontogenetic pattern of the human tentorium cerebelli was reconstructed by analyzing the series of stages through which the tentorium passes in the attainment of maturity. The absolute and relative growth rates were calculated for the maximum cranial breadth, maximum cranial length, and various tentorial dimensions. The relationship between the growth of different parameters was established and expressed mathematically according to Huxley's formula (y = bxk). The growth ratios (k) and constants (b) for different combinations of tentorial and cranial parameters were elicited from logarithmic graphs.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580407
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    An autoradiographic study of chondrocyte transformation into chondroclasts and osteocytes during bone formation In vitroThis investigation was supported in whole by Public Helath Service Research Grants AM-09499 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases and DE-01894 from the National Institute of Dental Research. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 473-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Excised mouse pubic bone rudiments were exposed to H3-thymidine. Rudiments preserved immediately after exposure consisted of mesenchyme with a large number of cells showing intense radioactivity. Rudiments incubated on a filter membrane after exposure went through the developmental stages of complete chondrification of the pubic rami followed by periosteal and then endochondral bone formation. Only chondrocytes showed radioactivity in rami consisting of cartilage and periosteal bone that were preserved prior to endochondral ossification. Cell types showing radioactivity in rami preserved during endochondral ossification were chondrocytes, chondroclasts, and osteoblasts and osteocytes of endochondral bone. The results of the study demonstrated that hypertrophic chondrocytes of the calcified cartilage of a developing mammalian long bone not only survive dissolution of their matrix, but transform into chondroclasts and osteoprogenitor cells that give rise to osteoblasts and osteocytes which form endochondral bone in the absence of blood vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580410
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    Masthead (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590101
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    Prolonged individuality of the accessory contribution to the vagus: A peculiarity of the pig (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 1-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The bulbar and spinal components of the accessory nerve of the pig are thoroughly integrated in a common trunk at the jugular foramen. The fibers of bulbar origin separate from this trunk to form the internal ramus. The latter is especially demonstrable in the pig, since it is independent over a considerable distance in the upper part of the neck before joining the vagus. As far distally as the origin of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, the efferent fibers contributed to the vagus by the accessory nerve remain histologically separate from the afferent fibers belonging properly to the vagus. Parasympathetic, branchiomotor and afferent fibers can be distinguished in the vagal trunk without the necessity of inducing selective degeneration by supranodose vagotomy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590102
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    Morphogenetic studies of the rabbit. XXXIX. Ponderal correlation coefficients of the bones form two races of rabbits (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 29-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thirty-five male an 30 female rabbits of large race III derived from the New Zealand White race and the same numbers of small race X, from Castle's small race, were used in this study.Earlier studies on these two races have shown that the males are more variable in body weight and body length; and that the individual bones are likewise more variable in weight and in length in the males.In this study, body weight and the weight of the entire skeleton were correlated on the basis of the null hypothesis with the individual bone weights and the individual bone weights were intercorrelated. The correlations are, for the most part, higher in the males than in the females of both races. The males of small race X have higher correlations than the males of large race III.Thus, although the entire body size varies more in the males. the weights of the bones are, for the most part, more closely correlated with body weight and total skeletal weight and with the other bones in the males than in the females.Some of the lowest correlations are with bones having large proportions of cancellous bone.
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    An electromyographic study of some muscles crossing the elbow jointThis investigation was supported by Public Health Service grant AM 08310-03 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pairs of fine wire electrodes were inserted into the lateral, medial and long heads of the triceps brachii, into the anconeus, biceps brachii, brachialis and brachioradialis muscles. Each pair of electrodes was connected to an EMG integrator coupler in an eight channel recorder. Many movements and exercises were studied, and the relative contribution made by each muscle to any given movement was appraised.The anconeus initiates extension of the elbow and acts to maintain extension and to stabilize the elbow joint during other motions involving the upper extremity. The anconeus is responsible for fine control, but its activity frequently decreases when the more powerful triceps brachii contracts or when it loses its mechanical advantage at full extension. In pronation, the anconeus is very active; whereas during supination the anconeus is less active, and the triceps counteracts the powerful pull of the biceps brachii.The long head of the triceps also works as an adductor of the arm. When the triceps assists the anconeus in stabilizing the joint, the biceps brachii, brachialis and event the brachioradialis may contract to counteract any tendency to further extend the joint.
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    Weights and variability of components of the human vertebral column (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Principal vertebral segments and individual vertebrae of 83 Asian skeletons were weighed and the data treated statistically.Average weight in grams per unit vertebra in the cervical segment was 6.3, in the thoracic, 8.7, in the lumbar, 17.9 and in the sacrum, 10.6. Mean weights of segments of this series were the lightest of the populations compared except those of the American White and Japanese females. Individual vertebral weights increased in caudad sequence except that the first two cervical and first two thoracic were respectively heavier than the third cervical and third thoracic. Mean weights of the twelfth thoracic, fifth lumbar and the sacrum were approximate multiples of that of the seventh cervical. The third cervical was the lightest in the column.The cervical segment represented 15% of the weight of the entire column, the thoracic segment 36%, lumbar 31%, sacral 18% and coccygeal 0.4%. Relative weights of individual vertebrae corresponded closely with those of other populations compared.Coefficients of variation ranged from 16% in the cervical segment, 19% in the thoracic, 17% in the lumbar, 18% in the sacral to 48% in the coccygeal. Variation was least in the second cervical and greatest in the third thoracic vertebra.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590112
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    Masthead (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590201
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    Fine structure of nerve terminals in the human gutThis investigation was supported, in part, by grant NB-01879-08 of the United States Public Health Service, Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness; in part by the Dysautonomia Association, Inc., New York, New York. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 131-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An electron microscopical investigation was made of neuronal terminals in operatively removed human duodenum and jejunum. No intraepithelial neuronal elements were found. The lamina propria mucosae, submucosa and muscular layer possessed, in addition to large bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibers, small ones consisting of three or four axons wrapped by infoldings of one Schwann cell. Some of these axons were light; others contained mitochondria and clear vesicles measuring 200-500 Å across. Still other axons had dense-cored vesicles with a diameter ∼ 700 Å. The plasma membranes of vesiculated axons were not thickened and only in part invested by the Schwann cell, but were covered by a basement membrane. Such profiles were interpreted as nerve terminals, and were separated from fibers of the muscularis mucosae, bases of epithelial cells and submucous capillaries by interspaces measuring 5,000-6,800 Å. The gap between neuronal terminals and smooth muscle in the muscular wall was smaller (900 Å, more often 1,500-3,000 Å). The myenteric plexus contained nerve bundles consisting of the usual axons and of preterminals; some of the latter contained small clear vesicles, others predominantly larger granulated vesicles, and still others a mixture of both types of vesicles. The similarities and differences of neuronal terminals occurring in animals and in man were pointed out. The significance of the findings of this study was discussed in the light of current concepts of the physiology of autonomic nerve transmission.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590203
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    A quantitative morphological study of the postnatal development of the pineal body of the mouse (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 447-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The postnatal growth of the mouse pineal was studied quantitatively. The volume was estimated by means of a histometric method in serial histological sections. During postnatal development the pineal showed no sex difference in absolute size. The growth in volume gradually increased from birth to 40 days, reamained the same for a short period between 40 and 60 days, and after 60 days again increased until 90 days when it finally attained the adult volume. From 90 to 210 days it remained almost constant.The pineal weight was calculated from the volume by means of a weight-volume ratio of the cerebral tissue. The pineal growth during early postnatal period, especially the first ten days, is attributed to both proliferation and enlargement of pineal cells, but after 20 days, primarily to enlargement. Differentiation of the pineal was estimated quantitatively on the basis of nuclear changes in shape characteristic of the pineal cells.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590413
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    An analysis of the growth retarding effects of trypan blue in the albino ratsSupported by NIH Research grant HD630, T-141. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 453-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A laparotomy was performed on 74 pregnant Wistar rats after eight days of gestation and injection with trypan blue, normal rabbit serum, or sterile saline. Also, a laparotomy was performed on a control group which received no injections. After 21 days of pregnancy, the rats were sacrificed and the fetuses and their placentae removed, weighed individually, and then fixed in Bouin's fixative. All fetuses were dissected and examined for abnormalities. Several analyses of variances and a paired t-test were completed to determine if fetal growth was retarded in the abnormal fetuses. Fetuses in each experimental group were also separated into weight classes as determined by Sturge's Law for class intervals. It was shown that in inbred colonies the timing of the pregnancy, litter size, and maternal factors cannot be neglected. The results indicate that: (1) Trypan blue exerts a definite growth retarding effect on rat fetuses; (2) The weights of malformed fetuses are significantly reduced; (3) The mean term fetal weight of the normal fetuses that were exposed to trypan blue is not significantly different from the mean weight of the control normal fetuses; (4) The mean weight of the abnormal fetuses that were exposed to trypan blue is significantly less than that of the control normal fetuses as well as the normal fetuses treated with trypan blue; (5) There is no weight threshold below which all fetuses are abnormal and above which all fetuses are normal.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    Derivation of the vascular elements in the fetal cotyledon of the hemochorial placenta: A contribution to the theory of placental morphogenesisSupported by U.S.P.H.S. grant HD 00975. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 43-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A schematic plan of late developmental organization of the fetal cotyledonary elements of the hemochorial placenta is presented. It involves mechanical shaping by hemodynamics and stretching of the elements involved in the late chorion frondosum stage after the 2nd month of gestation. The result is the fetal cotyledon as described by Wilkin. The components of the fetal cotyledon are derived from differentiated vascular elements in tertiary stem, or anchoring, villi and vascular elements of the blastoderm which are formed by the twenty-first day after ovulation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570107
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  • 140
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    Localization of the neural control of luteinization in the feminine male rat (FALE)Supported by grant HD-01182 from the U. S. Public Health Service. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 63-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Castration of the male rat during the first three days of life allows retention of the cyclic pattern of gonadotrophin release with which the male is born. Since the neonatally castrated male shares several endocrine characteristics with the female, the terms feminine male or FALE have been employed to identify these animals. Twenty-seven of 28 FALES developed corpora lutea (CL) in ovarian transplants provided no other treatment was initiated. In contrast, exposure to constant illumination, suprachiasmatic lesions, or transection of anterior hypothalamic pathways prevented CL formation in 18 of 20 FALES. These findings support the concept that the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic region is an essential component of the neural mechanism which regulates the cyclic luteinization of ovarian grafts in the FALE. Since the FALE is a male rat in which differentiation has not been permitted to occur, it is suggested that sexual differentiation of the normal male hypothalamus consists of an alteration in function of this preoptic system.
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  • 141
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    Masthead (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570201
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  • 142
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    A double replication of a “small-sample” study of the sexual behavior of DBA/2J male miceThese investigations were supported in part by Post-doctoral Fellowship MF-9688 from the National Institute of Mental Health, Public Health Service, and in part by Research grant GM-07495 from the Institute of General Medical Sciences, Public Health Service. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 151-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The sexual behavior scores of three different groups of DBA/2J male mice, run at different times of the year, in two different places, and by different observers, were compared. Of 46 comparisons, two revealed statistically significant differences. It was hypothesized that one measure (% Move) was subject to much environmentally determined variation, while for the other measure (III), the significant difference may have been due to sampling error.Furthermore, substitution of the data resulting from either replication for the data of the DBA/2J males of the original study did not result in any changes as regards significant differences in sexual behavior among DBA/2J, C57BL, and BALB/c male mice. The results, in general, supported the hypothesis that intensive study of a small sample from an inbred strain would yield replicable results.
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  • 143
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    American Association of Anatomists. Eightieth annual session. University of Kansas Medical Center, April 4, 5, 6, 7, 1967. Officers, abstracts, demonstrations (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 197-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570211
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  • 144
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    American Association of Anatomists. Constitution (as amended April 6, 1955) (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 411-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570212
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  • 145
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    Masthead (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570301
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  • 146
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    An ordered complex of filaments surrounding the lipid droplets in developing adipose cellsSupported by grant GM-406 from the Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 437-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Examination of the lipid-cytoplasm interface of the weakly osmiophilic fat droplets in developing adipose cells from chick bone marrow reveals that the lipid does not lie free in the cytoplasm, nor is it bounded by a membrane, but instead is encompassed by a highly ordered complex of small, 80 Å thick, filaments.In oblique sections, superimposition of the images of adjacent filaments results in a more or less continuous line which resembles a membrane. Perhaps this view of the system of filaments, in sections where heavily osmicated fat had retracted slightly from the interface, is responsible for reports that the lipid in adipose cells is enclosed by a membrane.It is suggested that a similar system of filaments may be visualized in adipose cells of other species after extraction of the strongly osmiophilic fat which obscures details at the surface of the lipid droplets.Although the true functional significance of the filaments is not yet known, the morphological evidence alone suggests that they may provide support for the lipid inclusions. An interpretation of the geometry of the filaments, consistent with the present evidence, is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570304
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  • 147
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    Induction of partial limb regeneration in Rana pipiens by galvanic stimulation (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 89-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Forelimbs of small adult frogs (Rana pipiens) were amputated and the stumps implanted with silver-platinum bimetallic rods insulated except at the tips. The silver end was at the wound surface in some cases. In others, the platinum end was distally placed. Other animals received separate implants of short pieces of bare silver and platinum wire, with the silver piece placed near the wound surface. Controls consisted of animals with either no implant or implants of partially insulated silver or platinum wire.Only one of the control animals (one with a silver implant) initiated regeneration. Regeneration was minimal with the separate implants (25%), more frequent with the platinum end of a bimetallic couple at the wound surface (70%), and most frequent (83.4%) with the silver end of a bimetallic couple at the wound surface. In three cases in the last named series, lobulated cartilages reminiscent of wrist and hand elements differentiated. The results are ascribed to direct stimulation of the cells, electrophoretic transfer of information-bearing molecules, or stimulation of nerves.
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  • 148
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    The relationship of histochemically reactive histidine to histidase activity in the epidermis of growing ratsThis work was supported by a grant from The John A. Hartford Foundation. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 139-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The histochemical localization of histidine in the epidermis and its relationship to skin histidase activity was described in rats varying in age from 17 days post-coitum to 240 days post partum. In the fetal rat, the earliest histidase activity developed coincidentally with the first appearance of stainable histidine in the keratohyalin granules. In the neonatal period, histidase activity increased rapidly to several times the normal adult levels, corresponding in time to a period when the epidermal histidine-containing zone was especially thick. As the thickness of this zone varied in subsequent periods during the life of the rat, parallel changes were observed in epidermal histidase activity suggesting the existence of a close interrelationship of histidine and histidase at the site of epidermal keratinization during the maturation of normal skin.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580204
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  • 149
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    Comparative study of human internal iliac artery based on adachi classification (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study is based upon a dissection of 167 pelvic halves of Caucasian bodies. The distribution of the four major types, as based upon the Adachi classification, corresponds closely to that of the Western populations. The composite group has a distribution almost identical with the Japanese population studied by Adachi. No instances of the rare Type V were encountered. One unusual specimen which we have designated as Type VI is described.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580208
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  • 150
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    Radioautographic studies of DNA synthesis in the developing extraembryonic membranes of the mouseAided by N.I.H. grants GM-7762 and HD-412.An abridgement of a thesis submitted by Frank M. Saccoman to the faculty of the Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D. in Anatomy. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 197-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Tritiated thymidine was injected into pregnant BALB/c mice intravenously at 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 days of pregnancy. Radioautographs were prepared in order to determine the extent of synthesis of DNA in the extraembryonic membranes at the above stages of gestation. The extent of synthesis of DNA was expressed as a radioactive index. The index is the per cent of labeled nuclei in a population of 1000 observed nuclei. Radioactive indices were determined for the nuclei of the endodermal cells of the visceral yolk sac and of the parietal yolk sac, for the nuclei of the trophoblastic cells of the junctional zone and of the labyrinth and for the nuclei of the trophoblastic giant cells. The observations show that in all of the examined types of cells the synthesis of DNA is extensive at days 10 and 12 of gestation and that it is nearly completed by day 14.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 151
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    A technique for the light microscopy of tissues fixed for fine structureSupported by grant HE 09041 from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service, under the direction of Dr. Frank N. Low. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 223-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Young adult female rats were perfused with buffered aldehydes. Selected tissues were prepared for light microscopy by standard techniques. The only procedural modifications permitted were those required by the special physical and chemical characteristics of the tissue. Extreme brittleness called for special precautions in all manipulative steps from excision to final embedment. Turbulence during the early stages of dehydration was lessened by drop-by-drop addition of the next concentration of ethanol. High melting-point paraffins and celloidin-paraffin embedments were used to accommodate the hardness of the tissues and to prevent disarrangement during mounting. Steel knives specially sharpened with fine abrasives on plate glass were fitted with fluid reservoirs. Four micron sections were obtained routinely. Sections were transferred individually from the reservoir to glass slides. The common dyes used in light micoscopy tended to overstain these tissues. This tendency was overcome by using shorter exposure times, lower concentrations and blocking agents. The chromatic staining techniques familiar to histologists and pathologists were useful after minor modifications.
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  • 152
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    Editorial (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 249-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580302
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  • 153
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    Histologic and physiologic comparisons of the thyroid glands of the wild and domesticated norway ratWork supported in part by a contract between the Department of the Navy, Office of the Naval Research Biology Branch, and the Johns Hopkins University, and in part by a USPHS grant. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 263-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A comparison of the histological pattern of the thyroid glands of 138 wild and 157 domesticated Norway rats showed that the domesticated rat has smaller epithelial cells, greater uniformity in the size of follicles, larger follicular lamina, and fewer vacuoles in the intrafollicular colloid. These differences are not present at birth but develop gradually with age. Hypophysectomy causes a loss of these differences and results in an identical histologic pattern of atrophy in the two strains of rats. There is greater uniformity of thyroid I131 uptake and labelling of the components of thyroglobulin in the domesticated rat, but the average percent uptake of I131 in the thyroid glands of both strains is the same.These differences may be accountable partly on the basis of different reactions to the environment conditioned by different temperaments in the two strains, by actual differences in the environment, and by genetic differences.
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  • 154
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    Delayed incubation: A cause of variability in the embryogenesis of the Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 371-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Eggs of the Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica were collected over a five-day period and incubated simultaneously, in accordance with currently accepted commercial practice. After 33 hours of functional incubation, the embryos were fixed and the somites counted to determine the age of the embryo. A great range of variation was encountered, supporting earlier published work. This variability, however, was not random, but inversely related to the length of time the eggs were “held” before incubation. This study suggests that the practice of “holding” eggs be discontinued in all work where uniformity of developmental stages is essential.
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    Developmental relationship between the appearance of lymphocytes and lymphopoietic activity in the thymus and lymph nodes of the fetal catSupported by Research Grant HE-04061-09 (HEM) from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 387-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The origin and development of the lymphocyte populations of the thymus and the lymph nodes have been studied in the fetal cat. Fetuses ranging in age from 25 days (16 mm) to 50 days (98 mm) of gestation have been examined following formol-sublimate-acetic acid fixation, parlodion-paraffin embedding and subsequent staining with toluidine blue, hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff methods.These studies have shown an occasional lymphocyte in the primitive lymph nodes as early as the thirtieth day of gestation. A number of small- and medium-sized lymphocytes are scattered randomly in the mesenchymal condensation of the developing lymph nodes by 33 days. Lymphocyte proliferation proceeds relatively slowly, and morphological evidence suggests that lymphocytes appear to develop from the mesenchymal or reticular cells of the developing lymph nodes without the intermediate formation of lymphoblasts. In the thymus, the first lymphocytic cells formed are lymphoblasts. These cells appear initially between 31 and 33 days. Lymphoblastic transformation is not generalized until the thirty-fifth day; at this time, an occasional medium-sized lymphocyte is evident and vascularization of the thymus begins. Development proceeds rapidly and the thymus is filled with medium-sized and small lymphocytes by 40 days. At this time, large clusters of small lymphocytes are evident in the capsular connective tissue, and these cells soon enter lymphatic vessels located in the capsular connective tissue.These observations indicate that the initial appearance of lymphocytes in lymph nodes precedes the appearance of lymphocytic precursors (lymphoblasts) in the thymus by 1-2 days and the development of lymphocytes in the thymus by approximately five days. Therefore, the early lymphocyte population in the lymph nodes is not dependent upon the dissemination of thymic lymphocytes or their precursors. Thymic lymphocytes, however, may contribute to the lymphocyte population of the lymph nodes at later stages of fetal development, after vascularization of the thymus and after the formation of lymphatic vessels in the capsule.
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    The microscopy of “brown degeneration” in the adrenal gland of the mouse (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 291-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: “Brown degeneration,” a pigmentary process of the adrenal gland of the mouse, was consistently induced by administration of ethinyl estradiol. Mice similarly treated with diethylstilbestrol or peanut oil (control) developed only small amounts of pigment. Histochemically, the pigment was ceroid and had its origin in the inner cells of the cortex in both females and males, with the fully developed pigmentation distributed in the cortex in animals of both sexes, and also in the medulla in males. Ultrastructurally, ceroid formation progressed from small pigment granules morphologically similar to lysosomes, to large composite, pleomorphic pigment bodies composed of unique granular configurations and membranous components. The ceroid deposits were interpreted to represent lipid products resulting from altered fat metabolism.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590307
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  • 157
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    Masthead (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590401
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    Myocardial ultrastructure and electrocardiograms of the hummingbird under normal and experimental conditionsSupported (in part) by the U.S. Public Health Service, General grant 1-S01-FR-05070-01 and by the Chicago and Illinois Heart Associations grant-in-aid N66-10. Presented in part at the American Society for Cell Biology Meeting on November 19, 1966, in Houston, Texas. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 335-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ventricular myocardium from several adult specimens of hummingbirds (Eupetomena macroura macroura) were subjected to study by electrocardiography and by light and electron microscopy under normal and experimental conditions as provided by injection of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and ether anesthesia. The birds were captured in Brazil, and were studied because of their high heart rates 428/460 minute on the average, seeking correlations of structure and function under normal conditions as well as after pharmacological stimuli. Under normal conditions, the hummingbird showed a highly developed sarcoplasmic reticulum, many gigantic mitochondrial with numerous tightly packed parallel mitochondrial cristae and tubules, and few small, dark bodies. The amount of sarcosomes is approximately equivalent to that of myofibrils. As seen in longitudinal sections of muscle fibers, often the junctions between successive mitochondria and both indentations of mitochondria and of the nuclear envelope occurred at the level of the Z bands. This gave the impression that contraction of the myofibrils shortened the nucleus and caused it to wrinkle. Most mitochondrial bulged at their middle as if they had been compressed between successive Z bands, suggesting a more resistant area at the level of these bands than in the rest of the myofibril. Almost no glycogen granules were found, probably because the high metabolic rate of the heart did not allow free storage of such carbohydrates.The administration of DNP was responsible for changes in the ECG (tachycardia and other alterations) and in the structure of the myocardium: large dilations in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the appearance of small spaces in the mitochondria.
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    Differential collagen stain by an acid fuchsin, iron, flavianic acid mixture. A note on ferrous sulfate hematoxylinSupported by National Cancer Institute grant C-4816, National Institutes of Health. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 365-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Substitution of flavianic acid (50 mM) or of a stoichiometric mixture of naphthol yellow S and hydrochloric acid, in place of picric acid in Van Gieson type mixtures gives deeper yellow colors to cytoplasm, muscle and erythrocytes. Higher concentrations of acid fuchsin can be used with consequent greater density of collagen fiber staining and improved contrast.The familiar weakening of hematoxylin nuclear stains by exposure to Van Gieson mixtures can be largely avoided by inclusion of 0.1 M ferric chloride in the Van Gieson mixture. Alum hematoxylin can then be used in place of the unstable iron hematoxylin solutions, and the iron hematoxylin effect is attained by the iron postmordanting in the Van Gieson bath. A ten minute prestain in an alum hematoxylin containing 0.5% hematoxylin is adequate but density can be enhanced by longer staining or by staining at higher temperature; 5-10 min at 60°C is suggested. The iron containing flavianic or picric acid Van Gieson staining baths should be restricted to three minutes; longer exposures gradually weaken nuclear staining.Substitution of 0.1 M copper sulfate for the iron in the Van Gieson bath also yields dark gray to black nuclei. Aluminum chloride (0.1 M) has an effect similar to the control hydrochloric acid, while the chromium ion seems quite inferior, even to the control HCl mixture.A ferrous sulfate hematoxylin ripened overnight with a small amount of ferric chloride gives excellent progressive nuclear staining, adequate in 2-5 minutes, and not excessive in 30 minutes. The solution gradually deteriorates in 6-8 weeks.
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    Reconstruction of the human sinoatrial nodeThis investigation was supported by U.S.P.H.S. Research grant H-7047-05, and Career Award 5-K6-GM-14,092. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 371-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The superior vena cava and adjacent right atrium containing the sinoatrial node in each of five human hearts was studied histologically in serial section. The tissue block of a 41 year old man was reconstructed in four colors to provide a three-dimensional model of the sinoatrial node, atrial relations, blood supply and nodal configuration. The resulting model demonstrated the curved course of the compact sinoatrial node and the mural relations of its tapered superior and inferior ends.Microscopic measurements of the boundaries of the five human nodes yielded an epicardial to endocardial mean thickness in the compact body of the node of 1.6 mm, that of the lower node was 0.6 mm. The mean length of the five nodes was 7.3 mm. Such microscopic delineation of the node is more accurate than gross measurements and indicates that the size of this vital mass of pacemaker tissue in man is smaller than the larger measurements usually given in the literature. Small strands of nodal muscle fibers follow longer or shorter courses before they become continuous with the larger more darkly stained atrial cardiac muscle fibers. We found no histologic evidence within the human node, or along its periphery, of continuity between the small nodal fibers and very large atrial fibers.
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    Development of cortical granules and the cortical reaction in rat and Hamster eggsThis investigation was supported by USPHS grant HD-01110. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 431-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The origin of cortical granules is described in hamster and rat oocytes by electron microscopy. They occur first near vesicular elements of small Golgi complexes. Most of these Golgi complexes lie peripherally, but in the rat, there are a few also near the germinal vesicle. The granules arise at the concave surfaces of the Golgi complexes and apparently migrate to the cell membrane where they become aligned in close association to it. Cortical granules are found in the cytoplasm of the first polar body but not in the second. The cortical reaction, initiated by sperm attachment, consists of a gradual fusion of the membranes surrounding cortical granules with that of the egg plasma membrane and eversion of their contents into the perivitelline space. Occasionally, in the rat several granules fuse laterally to form larger cortical “caverns.” Such caverns have a single opening to the perivitelline space. The origin and extrusion of cortical granules can be compared usefully with the synthesis and merocrine-type secretion of proteinaceous granules or mucoid droplets.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590412
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  • 162
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    Pseudoepiphyses or notches in the non-epiphyseal end of metacarpal bones in healthy childrenThis work was supported in part by AM-03816 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 263-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Longitudinal series of hand x-rays from healthy white children (116 boys, 118 girls) of Fels growth studies were investigated. Notchings of the nonepiphyseal end of the first, second and fifth metacarpal bones were found in every child. Beginning from infancy or early childhood, the notchings follow a sequence of developmental stages (obtuse-angle; acute-angle; cleft: underlying, edge-to-edge, overjutting; and fusion) until they disappear one to one and one-half years before onset of puberty. The notching intensity in the second and the fifth metacarpal bones was rated. A moderate degree of association in notching intensity was demonstrated between brothers and sisters.
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  • 163
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    Men and pandas. by Ramona and Desmond Morris. VII + 223 pages, illustrated. $7.95. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York. 1967 (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 331-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590310
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  • 164
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    Congenital anomalies induced in normal and adrenalectomized rats by amniocentesis (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 353-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sprague-Dawley rats, which are not susceptible to the teratogenic effects of adrenalectomy, adrenal corticoids, and corticotropin noted in other species, were subjected to amniocentesis and to amniocentesis plus adrenalectomy.Amniocentesis was shown to be teratogenic when performed at any time between the fourteenth and eighteenth gestational days inclusive, but no malformations occurred either in control fetuses or when amniocentesis was performed on the thirteenth day of gestation. Fetal resorptions were increased following single amniocentesis on any gestational day from the thirteenth to the eighteenth inclusive. The predominant defects induced were cleft palate and limb deformity. Cleft palate occurred only after amniocentesis on the fourteenth, fifteenth, or sixteenth days of gestation, principally on the fifteenth day. However, limb deformity, consisting primarily of malrotation, syndactyly, and varying degrees of agenesis, occurred following single amniocentesis on any day of gestation from the fourteenth to the eighteenth inclusive, but principally on the fifteenth day. Adrenalectomy did not alter significantly either the nature or the incidence of the anomalies induced by amniocentesis.The data indicate that amniocentesis is teratogenic in the rat, and that the adrenal glands are neither essential for, nor do they exert any detectable influence upon the induction of those malformations.
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    Reconstruction using photographed serial sections (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 405-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A method is described whereby serial sections are photographed through a microscope and printed on a clear acetate film. The pictures are mounted on Plexiglas rectangles and placed back to back. A solid stack of plates with the reconstructed structure visible inside, or a slide-box arrangement of every other section may be produced. Variations of the technique are presented so that one can print high-contrast or low-contrast pictures, reconstruct simple or complex structures, and work more rapidly with less equipment. This is a simple, accurate, and rapid method.
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  • 166
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    The fine structure of Brunner's glands in the rabbit (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 409-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The fine structure of the duodenal glands of Brunner in the rabbit has been examined. The glands, which are concentrated within the submucosa, are composed of tubules that open into the bases of the intestinal glands. Unlike most species, in the rabbit two distinct cell types are present within the tubules. Serous cells, which occur in small groups in the blind endings to the tubules, contain a concentration of ergastoplasm in the basal cytoplasm and the apical cytoplasm is occupied principally by discrete secretory droplets. Intercellular secretory canaliculi occur between opposed serous cells and between serous and mucous cells. The latter cells possess little ergastoplasm but exhibit an extensive development of the Golgi apparatus in the supranuclear region. Secretory droplets are pale and show a tendency to fuse into complexes. No intercellular canaliculi occur between mucous cells.The cytological features are discussed in relation to previous observations on duodenal glands of other species, where only mucous cells are present. It is apparent that there are species differences with regard to mucous cells. These structural differences may reflect physiological and biochemical differences in the glands. The significance of the presence of serous cells in rabbit duodenal glands is unknown.
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    Analysis of histophysiologic responses of the rat hypophysis to androgen treatmentWork presented here was supported by grant B-3371, U.S.P.H.S. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 117-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The concentrations of LH and FSH were measured in the blood and adenohypophyses of castrated male rats exposed to high levels of testosterone propionate for 1 to 18 weeks. In intact male and female rats, similarly treated for 1 to 5 weeks, blood levels could not be measured but pituitary hormone levels were. Histological study of the pituitary gonadotrophic cells of all groups revealed a striking correlation between their regression, in response to androgen treatment, and the decline in pituitary LH stores. No light-microscopic correlate of the marked, progressive increase in pituitary FSH concentration was detected. Thus, when the pituitary FSH:LH ratio had increased 90 fold, all gonadotrophs appeared inactive.Although these studies failed to reveal the specific cellular source(s) of FSH and LH, they did clarify several aspects of the dynamics of the pituitary secretory responses to orchidectomy and androgen treatment. In the light of this information, the suggestion is made that the greatest dichotomy between pituitary FSH and LH stores is not coincident with  -  and probably occurs later than  -  that between LH and FSH secretion. Such asynchrony between the various phases of the FSH and LH secretory responses to these treatments (castration and/or androgen administration), may explain several seeming discrepancies among earlier reports on this subject.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570203
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    Maternal behavior in the rat: Survival of newborn fostered young after hormonal treatment of the foster motherAided in part by a grant from the Purdue Research Foundation and by grants GM-06263 and HD-02068 from the national Institutes of Health. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 13-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The 10-day old natural young of lactating rat mothers were removed, and the mother was given newborn foster young together with hormone treatment. A single injection of prolactin or progesterone was sufficient to increase the survival perentage and body weight of the fostered rats. An hypothesis is presented to explain the action of the hormones and the possible relationship to placental eating which is noted in many mammals at the time of parturition.
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    Control of fertility in mammals by hormonal steroids (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 53-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A review is presented of the effects of steroids having hormone-like activity upon the following reproductive processes in mammals: (a) spermatogenesis, (b) ovulation, (c) fertilization, (d) oviducal and uterine travel of the free ovum, and (e) blastocyst growth and implantation. Description is given of a number of natural and synthetic steroids which inhibit spermatogenesis and ovulation. By and large, estrogens are especially effective in the former and progestins in the latter, but aparently some species differences in response to potent substances do exist. Progestins have been shown to inhibit fertilization in experimental animals either through an effect on sperm travel or on sperm capacitation. The rapid expulsion of eggs from the fallopian tubes is accomplished by a variety of synthetic and natural estrogens upon administration in significant dosage in test animals. Decidualization and other processes related to implantation are also steroid labile.
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    Specificity of testosterone and estradiol in the differentiating neonatal ratSubmitted in partial fulfillment of the require-ments for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Oregon Medical School.Publication no. 218 of the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Those components of sexual behavior characteristic of the adult intact male such as intromission and ejaculation, were inhibited in males receiving estradiol dipropionate within the first week of life. Neonatal treatment with testosterone propionate at corresponding ages did not disrupt the capacity for homotypic behavior when the males became adult. The expression of female behavior during adulthood was suppressed in female rats treated during a critical period of early postnatal life with testosterone propionate or estradiol dipropionate.Spermatogenesis was suppressed in males receiving the estrogen but not the androgen in early postnatal life, whereas ovulation was suppressed in females receiving the estrogen or androgen at corresponding periods.It was concluded that testosterone is compatible with the normal development of male sexual characteristics but that estradiol is not compatible with development of female sexual characteristics when administered during a critical period of differentiation. The specificity for androgen in adult males is postulated to be partly due to the presence of androgens during the critical period. The specificity for estrogen shown by females in adulthood is thought to be dependent upon the absence of estrogen and androgen during a corresponding developmental stage.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091570112
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    A histological and histochemical study on the effects of adrenal cortical steroids in the fetal and neonatal rat thymusThe investigation was supported in part by USPHS Research Grant DE-00694 and a General Research Support Grant. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 105-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The late fetal and neonatal rat thymus was studied by histological and histochemical techniques following adrenal cortical steriod administration. Albino rats from seventeenth day of gestation through thirtieth postnatal day were sacrificed six, 24, 48 and 96 hours following single or series of cortisone or hydrocortisone injections in pregnant or neonatal rats. Some of gestation periods were prolonged by progesterone injections. Stains included Harris hematoxylin and eosin, May-Grünwald Giemsa, Gomori's ('52) or Burstone's ('58) method for alkaline phosphatase, and the PAS stain. Autofluorescence was examined in some of the sections.A reduction in distinctness of the cortico-medullary border of the fetal thymus followed maternal cortical steriod treatment. Similar treatment in neonatals one and two days of age led to pycnosis and phagocytosis of small lymphocytes. No histochemically stainable alkaline phosphatase was observed before sixteenth postnatal day, or following steriod administration on day one or two. However, a precocious increase in alkaline phosphatase followed a single injection on day 12. In the fetal and neonatal thymus PAS-positive material was present, was more prominent on the sixteenth day, and increased following steriod treatment, particularly on the twelfth day. Autofluorescent cells, present on the sixteenth day, increased following steriod administration. Histochemical and autofluorescent modifications were particularly prominent at the cortico-medullary border and are thought to represent postnatal maturation about the sixteenth day which changes can be induced precociously by cortical steroids.
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    Species differences in egg transport in response to exogenous estrogen (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 163-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of exogenous estrogen on tubal transport of ova was determined in the guinea pig, hamster, mouse, rabbit and rat. The animals were given a single injection of estradiol cyclopentylpropionate (ECP) shortly after mating. The dose of ECP required to interrupt pregnancy in 80% or more of the animals was as follows: guinea pig (10 μg); hamster (25 μg); mouse (1 μg); rabbit (50 μg); rat (10 μg). Acceleration of egg transport through the oviduct occurred after the following doses of ECP: guinea pig (50-100 μg); hamster (100 μg); mouse (1 μg and above); rabbit (25 μg); rat (10 μg and above). Hence, the amount of estrogen which accelerates egg transport in the guinea pig and hamster is considerably higher than the dose which interrupts pregnancy.Retentionof ova for longer than the normal period of tubal passage (tube-locking) resulted from the following doses of ECP: guinea pig (250 μg); hamster (250 μg); mouse (1 μg); rabbit (100 μg); rat (no dose). In the species in which ova were tubelocked, the majority of eggs were located at the ampullary-isthmic junction rather than the utero-tubal region of the oviduct.Tube-locking of ova was never observed in the rat; ECP always caused premature entry of eggs into the uterus and eventual expulsion per vaginam. For example, eggs passed through the cervix by 12 hours after the administration of 250 μg ECP at day 1 of pregnancy.
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    Relation between the size of ovarian isografts and abnormal reproductive cycles in the mouseSupported by U.S.P.H.S. Research Grant CA-02880. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 155-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Groups of 10 to 14 castrated female BALB / c mice received viable uni- or bilateral intraocular isografts of one-eighth or of one-thirty-second of an ovary. Ten other animals remained intact. At biopsy five months later, the mammary glands of all animals showed little or no stimulation. Most animals with one or two one-eighth or two one-thirty-second, grafts had shown normal vaginal and ovarian cycles prior to this time, but some had been in continuous metestrus and had acyclic grafts with vesicular follicles. Most animals with one one-thirty-second grafts were similarly in metestrus, but some were in diestrus with grafts lacking follicular structures. At autopsy eight months after grafting, almost all mice with one or two one-eighth grafts had alveolar proliferaiton with secretion in the mammary glands. All were in continuous metestrus with acyclic grafts, and most had uterine cystic hyperplasia and peri-medullary adrenal degeneration. At the same time, slightly more and slightly less than a half of the mice with one or two one-thirty-second grafts, respectively, showed these same abnormalities. Intact mice were devoid of them. The development of this mammary-uterine-adrenal syndrome appeared to be directly related to grafted ovarian tissue per se and to the size of the grafts. It may depend upon a pituitary-ovarian imbalance with a failure of LH release.
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    Hormonal determinants of the development of masculine and feminine behavior in male and female ratsThis paper is dedicated to the memory of William C. Young whose insights into the nature of the hormonal control of sexual behavior form the basis for the research and ideas presented here. This research was supported by grant HD-00893 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the USPHS, and by a USPHS Predoctoral Research Fellowship to D.A.E. The hormones used were generously supplied by P. Perlman of the Schering Corporation, Bloomfield, New Jersey. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To investigate the role of gonadal hormones during the postnatal period on the development of masculine and feminine behavior 129 male and female rats were hormonally manipulated at birth. Within 24 hours of birth male and female rats were: (a) sham operated, (b) gonadectomized, (c) gonadectomized and given testosterone, or (d) gonadectomized and given estrogen. When adult all animals were given testosterone and tested for the display of male behavior, and then given estrogen and progesterone and tested for female behavior. Male behavior: Males exhibited mounting responses more frequently than females regardless of hormone manipulation at birth. Androgen and estrogen at birth did not facilitate mounting behavior in either sex. Males exhibited more frequent intromission responses than females. Animals treated with androgen at birth showed more frequent intromission behavior than non-treated animals. Androgen facilitated intromission relatively more in males than in females. Estrogen at birth did not facilitate intromission behavior. Female behavior: Males castrated at birth, normal females, and females ovariectomized at birth showed high levels of receptivity. No other animal exhibited frequent lordosis. The data indicated that behavioral sexual differentiation induced by hormones in in-fancy is best characterized by an inhibition of the potential to display feminine behavior.
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    Morphogenetic studies of the rabbit XXXVI. Effect of gene and genome interaction on homeotic variation (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 425-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Study of the homeotic shifts of vertebral borders as affected by the Da gene when on two different genetic backgrounds shows that the effects of both gene and genome are distinguishable. The Da in either one or two doses shifts both thoracolumbar and lumbosacral borders forward, particularly the former. The effect of the DA genome is in the same direction, but significantly greater, and the two combined are additive. The effect of the IIIDa genome, by contrast, is in the posterior direction and epistatic. It suppresses and tends to shift the localization of Da effect posteriorly. Significant differences between borders when considered separately and in relation to each other indicate differences of interaction between gene and genome. The fact that the only significant difference in the three way comparisons of border, genotype, and genome is between the Da/ + genotypes of IIIDa and DA as a manifestation of overdominance can be discounted because of the differences in border interaction. As reference points defining the relative size and position of the thoracic and lumbar regions, these borders reveal the activity of gene and genome to be an alteration of the relative size and position of the growth gradients of these two regions rather than a direct gene specific morphology.
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    The absorptive activity of ameloblasts during the maturation of enamel (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 577-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The activity of ameloblasts during the maturation of enamel was investigated by means of autoradiography. Young rats were given daily injections of radioactive sulfur. Injections were started when the rats were five days old and continued until some of the rats were 12 days old. Developing teeth were removed at different times and prepared for autoradiography.In every specimen that was examined, silver grains were found over enamel that was adjacent to tall, secretory ameloblasts. These cells have been identified as being engaged in matrix formation.At the end of matrix formation, the tall ameloblasts become structurally reorganized, and the reorganized cells now act on the enamel as it matures. Despite the fact that the animals receive daily injection of labeled sulfur, the silver grains over the maturing enamel decrease and silver grains are observed over the cytoplasm of the shortened ameloblasts.It is concluded therefore that one of the activities of the reorganized (transporting) ameloblasts is to remove sulfur or a sulfated compound from the enamel during its maturation.
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    Further observations on resorption in guinea pigs following injections of trypan blue (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 157 (1967), S. 617-620 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pregnant guinea pigs were injected with 2 ml of either 1% saline or 1% trypan blue of the eleventh day of gestation and sacrificed on days 12, 13, 14, 15 or 20 or laparotomized on day 15, examined for implantation sites and sacrificed on days 25, 30 or 35.Trypan blue increases both the number or pregnancies affected and the number of embryos resorbed within 24 hours after injection. Laparotomy on day 15 augmented the above effects in both saline and trypan blue-injected females. This increase is superimposed upon the number of resorptions already established for the two groups. Evidence is presented which suggests that resorption of guinea pig embryos can be so complete as to leave no indication of the original presence of the embryo or its placenta. This can occur within as few as five days.
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    Distribution of sperm in male rabbits after various ejaculation frequenciesPaper no. 3938 from the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Twenty-five mature rabbits were assigned in groups of five to be ejaculated at one of the following frequencies for a period of six weeks: Sexual rest (SR), one ejaculation on Friday (1 × F), four ejaculations on Friday (4 × F), one ejaculation daily Monday through Saturday (1 × M-S), and two ejaculations Monday, Wednesday, and Friday (2 × MWF). Upon slaughter after SR, the average distributions of sperm in the capita-corpora epididymides, caudae epididymides, and ductus deferentia were 184, 1,028, and 86 × 106, respectively.Ejaculation at each frequency significantly reduced the numbers of sperm found in the caudae epididymides, but neither weights of nor sperm numbers in the capitacorpora epididymides were affected by ejaculation frequency. While 79 ± 3% of extragonadal sperm were found in the caudae epididymides after SR, only 27 ± 5% were found there after 4 × F. This depletion of sperm represents 64% of those considered available for ejaculation. The data indicate that the ductus deferentia and ampullae of rabbits contain insufficient sperm to account for those normally found in a single ejaculum, and that the caudae epididymides are the immediate sources of most ejaculated sperm. The average calculated daily sperm production (82 × 106) was not affected by ejaculation frequency (P 〉 0.10).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 179
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    Homology of form in plant and animal Golgi apparatus (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 313-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In both negatively stained and sectioned preparations, Golgi apparatus of mouse spleen, liver and kidney consist of dictyosomes having cisternae with tubular peripheries. The extent of the tubular portion varies among tissues and among cisternae of a given dictyosome. Animal dictyosomes closely resemble those from plants in both form and sedimentation characteristics. In these respects, plant and animal Golgi apparatus are homologous structures.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580311
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  • 180
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    Die anatomische sektion in bildlichen darstellung. by G. Wolf-Heidegger und Anna Maria Cetto. XII + 612 pages, 355 figures (mostly half-tones and some colored). DM/sFr 150. S. Karger AG, Basel and New York. 1967 (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 369-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580316
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  • 181
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    The tensile properties of single osteonsThis work was supported by a grant of the National Research Council of Italy. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 375-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ultimate tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of individual osteons from human and ox compact bone were determined with a specially designed microwave extensimeter. The results were related to the degree of calcification and the orientation of collagen fiber-bundles in successive lamellae of the osteons. The following conclusions were made: (1) When osteon specimens are dried, their tensile strength and modulus of elasticity increase, while their percent elongation under tension falls. (2) In the osteon samples tested wet, the degree of calcification induces an increase in the modulus of elasticity with additional amounts of calcium salts. (3) The modulus of elasticity in tension of the organic matrix corresponds to that of collagen. (4) In the osteons having a marked longitudinal arrangement of bundles of fibers in successive lamellae, the ultimate tensile strength and modulus of elasticity seem greater and the percentage elongation under tension seems lower than in osteons whose bundles in successive lamellae change through an angle of about 90°. (5) The tensile properties of osteons seem independent of the age of the subject. (6) Human and ox osteons reveal the same tensile behavior. (7) The tensile stress-strain curves show that, even at the level of single osteons, bone behaves like a complex material, which, according to Sedlin, can be represented by a Hooke body linked in series to a Kelvin body.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580403
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  • 182
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    Histochemical study of ribonucleoproteins and mucopolysaccharides in developing bone of normal and tetracycline-treated chick embryos (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 417-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The histochemical localization of ribonucleoprotein and mucopolysaccharide components in the developing femurs of normal and tetracycline-treated chick embryos has been described. Tetracycline administration did not appear to affect the formation or character of the fibrous components involved in bone formation, or RNA production. Osteoid was laid down normally but calcification was markedly delayed. The depolymerization of the osteoid, as indicated by metachromasia and PAS staining, which is normally associated with the onset of calcification, was correspondingly delayed. The mucopolysaccharide content of the cartilage model was unchanged by the drug except in the hypertrophic zone. Here an abnormal depolymerization of the matrix occurred gradually, beginning in small areas and progressing to include all the matrix between small groups of cells. Calcification of these regions then took place.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580406
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  • 183
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    Masthead (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580101
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  • 184
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    The ultrastructure of the myometrium of the rat with special reference to the innervationA preliminary report on this investigation was presented at the 4th Annual Meeting of the Anatomical Society of Australia and New Zealand at Syndey in January, 1966, and will be published in abstract form (Silva, '66b). (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 21-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An ultrastructural study of the rat myometrium revealed the presence of a number of nerve bundles, many of which were associated with either muscle cells or blood vessels. The nerve fibers were found to contain agranular and granular vesicles of widely varying proportions and the spatial relationship between nerve fibers and muscle cells in the myometrium was comparable to that found in smooth muscle generally.A study of regions of close apposition between muscle cells showed three types of “cellular contacts.” In the first type the opposing muscle cells are separated by a gap of about 200Å with filamentous structures extending across the gap. In the second type the opposing plasma membrane are in direct contact. The third type consists of regions of cytoplasmic continuity between adjacent cells. It is suggested that the “cellular contacts” provide a path for impulse transmission between muscle cells.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580104
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  • 185
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    Regeneration of resected calcaneal tendon of the rabbitThis work was supported in part by grants from the American Cancer Society (IN-63A) and the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases (AM-08560) and by a Special Investigatorship from the Arthritis Foundation (R.W.D.). (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 43-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A connective tissue growth model based on the regeneration of rabbit calcaneal tendon following surgical excision is described. Tissues allowed to regenerate for various periods of time from two days to 240 days were studied histologically and compared with mature tendon.Rabbit calcaneal tendon regenerating for 14 days or longer was found to represent a rapidly grown, normal connective tissue obtainable in quantities sufficient for biochemical microanalysis and thus to provide a valuable connective tissue growth model. By allowing growth to proceed for 56 days, the model could be used to provide normal tissue morphologically approximating mature tendon.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580106
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  • 186
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    Ultrastructural aspects of fibrogenesis and osteogenesis in tissue cultureSupported by TIAM-5408, AM-07822, H-5906 and a General Research Support Grant from the National Institutes of Health and by U-1075 from the Health Research Council of the City of New York. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 75-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This electron microscopic study of 11 day old chick tibiae cultured for 7 and 14 days has demonstrated significant changes in the exposed, cut, cartilaginous surfaces of the explants. Many chondrocytes had degenerated near these surfaces and, in the lacunae of these cells, 640Å-banded collagen fibrils appeared. The diameters of these fibrils varied widely and, sometimes, exceeded 4,000Å. The non-banded filaments of the normal, cartilaginous, extracellular matrix were replaced by 640Å-banded collagen fibrils near the cut surfaces of the explants. These fibrils had a narrower (500Å) and more uniform diameter than those in the lacunae of degenerated chondrocytes. This study also has confirmed the occurrence of osteogenesis in vitro. The collagenapatite and matrix-cell relationships were similar to fiber (embryonic) bone. Two types of cells resembling osteocytes and osteoblasts were found in the newly mineralized matrix formed in culture. Mineralization in the zone of outgrowth was incomplete and focal. In some regions the hydroxyapatite crystals were larger than usual, measuring 1,000-2,000 Å in length. Longitudinal sections of collagen fibrils in the zone of outgrowth revealed electron-dense granules along the course of the fibrils. These granules exhibited no preferred orientation with respect to the band or interband regions.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580109
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  • 187
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    Electron microscopic observations on the membrane systems of the rat blood platelet (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 121-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Rat blood platelets have two membrane systems in their cytoplasm. One, named the surface connected system (SCS), consists of vacuoles and large cavities which are in continuity with the plasma membrane. The inner surfaces of the membranes of this system have, in common with the plasma membrane, a thin coat of an amorphous substance which probably consists of acid mucopolysaccharides.The other system, named the dense tubular system (DTS), consists of slender membrane-bound tubules which contain a homogeneous, rather electron dense substance. The DTS is not continuous with the plasma membrane or the SCS.Rat blood platelets incorporate various foreign substances in vivo and in vitro; these substances are first adsorbed to the amorphous cell coat and subsequently taken into the SCS.It is suggested that the uptake of material by rat blood platelets reflects a membrane flow from the surface membrane to the SCS, and that the process is not phagocytic in nature since segregation and digestion of the incorporated material do not seem to take place.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580203
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  • 188
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    Studies on the thymus of the mammal XV. Sites of aminopeptidase activity in the thymus of the mouseThis investigation was supported by research grant CA-01558 from the National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 149-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sites of aminopeptidase activity in the thymus of the mouse were compared in material incubated in L-leucyl-beta-naphthylamide and in L-leucyl-4-methoxy-beta-naphthylamide hydrochlorides as substrates. Sites of activity were most clearly demonstrated in frozen sections, postfixed in cold acetone, incubated in L-leucyl-4-methoxy-beta-naphthylamide hydrochloride with Naphthanil Diazo Blue B and mounted in glycerogel.In thymuses of young mice, septa, medullary arteries and arterial capillaries were most strongly stained. Cortical lymphocytes and most medullary lymphocytes lacked aminopeptidase activity. In older mice, the high reactivity of the medulla contrasted sharply with the mostly unreactive cortex. In the medulla, the walls of the blood vessels, mesenchymal reticular cells and lymphocytes in the region of blood vessels were reactive. In the cortex, capsule, septa, and arterial capillaries were reactive; mesenchymal reticular cells, weakly so, and lymphocytes, unreactive. It would appear that much of the activity demonstrated by biochemical methods applied to thymic homogenates is a measure of reactive blood vessels and medullae. The general reaction of the medulla and the presence there of scattered, highly reactive cells lends added weight to the conclusion that the metabolic activities within the medulla are not the same as in the cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580205
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  • 189
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    Comparative anatomical and neurohistological observations on the tongue of slow loris (Nycticebus coucang)A part of this work was read at the 10th Annual Meeting of the Society for Primate Researches, March 12-13, 1966, Inuyama. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 163-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: On the dorsum of the slow loris tongue there are three vallate papillae, arranged in an inverted V-shape. They contain abundant plexiform nerves and isolated nerve cells but have many taste buds only in its sides, closely associated with the subgemmal nerve plexus. Some ducts of serous glands locating deeply in this region directly open on the upper surface passing through the papilla. No foliate papillae are observed in the posterolateral region of the tongue, but instead of them is found a papilla of fungiform type, which wholly contains abundant plexiform nerves and has a furrow without serous gland ducts and taste buds. Furthermore, its summit is at the same level as the surface and same as its base in diameter, and has embryonic taste buds. From these neurohistologic characteristics this papilla should be regarded as an interformed papilla between the foliate and the ordinary fungiform papillae. Tongue lyssa consisting of hyalin cartilage and striated muscles innervated with motor end plate and simple sensory nerves seems to play a role as receptive organ of the tongue. Underneath the tongue is found well-developed sublingua, which consists of hyalin cartilaginous skeleton and mucosa but has no taste buds. From segmental arrangement of neurovascular spaces in the skeleton it may be an ancestral structure of the tongue.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580206
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  • 190
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    Erratum (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 248-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580214
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  • 191
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    A method for preparing brain castsThis study was supported by USPHS grants M-2786, B-3249, and NB-06225. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 239-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Permanent molds and casts of properly perfused formalin-fixed whole brain specimens can be prepared in a manner that faithfully reproduces their shape, size, and surface morphological features. The method involves several steps: (a) removal of surface vessels or arachnoid tissue from fissural margins; (b) preparation of a plaster casing with a cavity of a size and shape which will accommodate both the elastic impression material and the portion of the brain to be cast; (c) pouring a silicone rubber-catalyst mixture into this cavity in two stages, to produce first a lining, and then a rubber pool into which the brain is immersed; (d) removing the brain from the mold; (e) pouring an acrylic-catalyst mixture into the hardened rubber mold and allowing it to polymerize to form a brain cast. Both mold and cast are durable, and repeated casting from a given mold can be carried out. Such brain casts provide a permanent record of three dimensional characteristics, as well as certain external morphological features which are otherwise irretrievably lost in a brain specimen that is to undergo histological processing, sectioning, staining, and mounting. The educational value of a comparative collection of such brain casts is inestimable.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580212
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  • 192
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    The ascending branch of Mauthner's axon in xenopus: Its possible role in startle reflexes (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 251-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A major branch of Mauthner's (M-) axon has been found in larvae of Xenopus laevis (Daudin). After giving off an inhibitory collateral toward the contralateral M-cell, the branch continues forward to the preoptic nucleus of the forebrain. Following stimulation of the M-cell, the function of the ascending branch of its axon may be to elicit startle responses corresponding to the defensive hypothalamic responses of higher vertebrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580303
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  • 193
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    Differences in thyroid activity in several inbred strains of miceSupported by Training grant 1T1 HD 116-01 of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The rate of daily secretion of thyroid hormone was compared in male mice of five inbred strains, the DBA/2, the C57B1/6, the St/6J, the CBA/J and the Swiss Albino strain.The method employed to measure thyroid secretion rates is based on a procedure which involves the production of goiters by daily propylthiouracil (PTU) administration in the drinking water and determining subsequently the effective dose of the exogenous thyroxin required to inhibit goiter development and maintain normal control weights of thyroid glands.Statistically significant differences were observed in output of thyroid hormone between the different genetic strains tested. The levels of thyroid activity were lowest in the temperamentally most active strains (DBA/2 and CBA/J) while the more placid strains exhibited higher levels of thyroid secretion (Swiss Albino and ST/6J).This unexpected finding is interpreted to indicate that, if there exists any correlation between thyroid hormone and behavior, the more active strains differ from the more placid ones in tissue sensitivity to thyroid hormone rather than in concentration of levels of circulating hormone.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580306
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  • 194
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    Some new cytological observations of the normal rat ependymal cellThis investigation was supported by United States Public Health Service Research Grant B-3533 from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, National Institutes of Health. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 293-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ependyma of the lateral ventricle of normal adult rats fixed by intravascular perfusion with either glutaraldehyde or formaldehyde was examined with the electron microscope. Three main observations of the normal ependymal cells were made which, to our knowledge, have not yet been reported.1Ependymal cells were occasionally found directly abutting on blood vessels in the immediate vicinity. In this respect, they were very much like the well-known perivascular astrocytes and tanycytes. This similarity was strengthened by the morphological details of the junctional areas.2Bundles of the fine fibrils (app. 60 Å) were seen in the nuclei. They were devoid of any membranous boundary and were apparently identical to the fibrils often seen in the perinuclear cytoplasm.3Microtubules, occasionally containing approximately 50 Å central densities, were consistently seen in the apical cytoplasm. They were apparently identical to the familiar microtubules constituting the cillary fine structure which also contained occasional central densities.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580309
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  • 195
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    Hyperostosis at the mandibular notch: Report of a case (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 319-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A case of hyperostosis at the mandibular notch, on the right side, is recorded in a male cadaver, about 65 years of age. The shape of this exostosis and its relationship to the surrounding bones were studied in fixed and in various positions of movement of the mandible, as well as the degree of opening and closing of the mouth. The angle of the mandible, the coronoid and condylar processes, and the ramus were measured on both sides. Particular attention was given to the measurement of the exostosis. The morphological and clinical significance of the anomaly are discussed. A review of the literature indicates that this is an extremely rare type of exostosis of the mandible.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580312
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  • 196
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    Fine structure of the interstitial cells of leydig in the boarSupported in part by USPHS grants AM 09658 and GM 12572. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 333-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The interstitial cells of the testis of the boar have been characterized by electron microscopy. The bulk of the cytoplasm, to one side of an eccentrically placed nucleus, consisted predominately of a tightly packed agranular endoplasmic reticulum in a system of anastomosing tubules. Free ribosomes and a few short strands of granular endoplasmic reticulum were present only in a perinuclear or subplasmalemmal location. Mitochondria were abundant as a cluster in the center of the cytosome. Surrounding them were dense bodies, most of which were bounded by a single limiting membrane. The internum of the dense bodies exhibited a variety of appearances. Filaments of 70 Å were common but they were absent near the plasmalemma. Between contiguous cells, irregularly disposed microvilli protruded into an intercellular space of variable dimensions. Some sites of membrane fusion, resulting in maculae occludentes, were observed between adjacent cells, while small desmosomes were observed but rarely. Coated vesicles were frequent near to and continuous with the plasmalemma as well as deeper within the cell, especially in association with elements of the Golgi apparatus.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580314
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  • 197
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    Pituitary basophils of the Syrian Hamster: An electron microscopic investigationResults were presented in part before the American Society for Experimental Pathology, Atlantic City, New Jersey, April 14, 1966. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967), S. 351-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Histochemical studies have not clearly defined the types or distribution of bascphils in the hamster's adenohypophysis. Electron microscopy is used in these experiments as a more accurate method for identifying types of basophils. Electron microscopic fields from regional areas of the gland were systematically photographed, and cell types counted. Hypertrophy of the appropriate basophils was observed in response to gonadectomy and thyroidectomy. FSH cells are oval, are adjacent to vascular spaces, have vesiculated endoplasmic reticulum and contain secretory granules measuring 200 mμ maximally. ICSH cells have filigreed cytoplasm, irregular cell borders, and secretory granules measuring 200 mμ maximally. TSH cells are polyhedral, have sparse endoplasmic reticulum, and secretory granules measuring 100 mμ maximally. The three basophilic cell types are randomly distributed throughout the gland.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580315
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  • 198
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    Masthead (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 158 (1967) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091580401
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  • 199
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    The canine lymphoid system: A study of the effect of surgical excisionThis work was supported in part by grant CRT-5110 from the United States Public Health Service. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 5-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A detailed study of the lymph node anatomy of the dog is presented, and a technique for surgical excision of the thymus, spleen, and all gross lymph nodes is described. The dissections were performed after intravenous administration of pontamine blue to living animals.Major excision of the lymphoid tissue of the dog led to a modest prolongation of skin allograft survival, but it did not lead to a further increase in the allograft prolongation achieved with 6-mercaptopurine immunosuppression when these two measures were used simultaneously. Neither did lymphadenectomy alter the leucopenia or toxicity of 6-mercaptopurine when node excision was performed immediately prior to initiation of drug therapy. The transient nature of both the lymphopenia produced and the alteration of allograft response after lymphadenectomy suggest that there is another major contributor to the circulating lymphocyte pool. It is suggested that this may well be the lymphoid tissue in the intestinal wall.The surgical preparation described is proposed as a model for the study of lymphoid tissue depletion and regeneration in the dog.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590103
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  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fiber sizes and capillary to fiber ratios in skeletal muscle of exercised ratsSupported by U.S.P.H.S. grants GM 12261 and HD-00963. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 159 (1967), S. 33-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thirty male rats (Sprague-Dawley), 25 days of age, were placed in exercise cages for seven days. They were matched into trios on the basis of the last four days total exercise and randomly placed in three groups: sedentary, spontaneous exercise and forced exercise. For the next 35 days, the sedentary group was permitted no exercise other than that allowed by their small individual cages. The spontaneous group remained in activity cages while the forced group in addition to being in activity cages, swam one 30-minute period each day with weights equal to 20% of the body weight attached to their tails. At the end of the 35-day activity period, the animals were sacrificed. The hind limbs were injected with India ink, embedded in gelatin and cut on the freezing microtome. The cross-sectional area of red and white fibers from the gastrocnemius muscles were measured by using the polar planimeter. Ink-filled capillaries were counted, in conjuction with fiber measurements.With forced and voluntary exercise programs there was a greater increase in crosssectional area of the red than of the white fibers. Under the same conditions, the increase in the number of capillaries per fiber was greater for white than for red fibers.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091590106
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