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  • 1970-1974  (59)
  • 1965-1969  (82)
  • 1890-1899
  • 1971  (59)
  • 1968  (82)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (141)
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Years
  • 1970-1974  (59)
  • 1965-1969  (82)
  • 1890-1899
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The finite Gaussian Expansion method for molecular integrals proposed by Taketa, O-ohata and Huzinaga has been extended to the integrals of molecular properties. The integral formulas of so-called moment, field and field gradient integrals have been derived. It has been numerically shown that in order to evaluate the field and the field gradient integrals based on Slater type orbitals, eight- or ten-term Gaussian expansions are sufficient but this method fails to attain sufficient effective numbers for the moment integrals.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 85-99 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction energies in the ground (X1Σg+) and the first excited (b3Σu+)states of the hydrogen molecule were calculated using the modified Jansen and Byers Brown perturbation method. Calculations were performed for nine values of the internuclear distance R in the range 5 a.u. ≦ R ≦ 9 a.u. The present results were compared with the interaction energies calculated by four other perturbation methods as the expectation values of the H - E0 operator with the function accurate up to the first order. The results show that the method can give satisfactory values of the interaction energies.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The probability interpretation of density matrics is reviewed and certain quantities suggested for study by means of diagrams. The case of a “spin-symmetric ensemble” is further discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 599-603 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: By means of second quantization formalism and angular momenta coupling techniques, we show the reason why the irrational part of the coefficients of the Slater integrals Rk(ab, cd) in the expression \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ (\Psi |\sum\limits_{i 〈 j} {e^2 /r_{ij} |\Psi } ') $\end{document} is common to all values of k, a, b, c, d, and depends only on (Ψ∣ and ∣Ψ′).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 657-668 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The maximum numbers of distinct one- and two-electron integrals that arise in calculating the electronic energy of a molecule are discussed. It is shown that these may be calculated easily using the character table of the symmetry group of the set of basis functions used to express the wave function. Complications arising from complex group representations and from a conflict of symmetry between the basis set and the nuclear configuration are considered and illustrated by examples.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 683-697 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The energy-localization method is examined for continuous degeneracy using a grouptheoretic approach. Conditions for the degenerate orbitals are obtained and an enumeration of symmetry groups where continuous degeneracy may occur is given. It is found that the orbitals may be equivalent under operations not contained in the total symmetry group. An alternative explanation for the free rotation of the lone pairs in F2 is offered.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Separated Electron Pair (SEP) model (Strongly Orthogonal Geminals) and methods for its systematic extension has been applied to the series: NH4+, NH3, NH2-, NH2- and N3-. On going from NH4+ to N3-, the SEP model, in its most general form, recovers 85-75% of the intrapair correlation energy and 60-55% of the interpair correlation energy obtainable with the given basis set. The best wave functions for each species recovered about 45-50% of the total empirical correlation energy which is expected to be very close to the basis set limit. It was apparent that the SEP model yields a set of one-electron functions that are very useful for further improvement of the wave function. This fact apparently remains true even when the SEP model itself gives very poor energies.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 669-682 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electronic state calculations for the ions H4+ (with symmetries D4 and C2v) and H+5 (with symmetries D5 and D2d) are made using the valence-bond method. All the configurations obtained from the given set of 1s-functions of Slater type are taken into account. Space functions are used throughout the computation (“spin-free quantum chemistry”). Preliminary quasidiagonalization of the secular equation is implemented by the construction of the multiplet eigenfunctions 2S+1Γ(α) from the initial variational functions. The results of the calculations are as follows: the ion H+4 is unstable, the ion H+5 is stable with equilibrium nuclear conformation of symmetry D2d and with the energy of dissociation into H+3 and H2 near 4 eV.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 273-296 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The problem of intermolecular interaction is examined by using spatial wave functions and the theory of permutation groups. In the special case of interacting 2-electron systems it is proven that the Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation method, when starting from the ground state of the unperturbed system, could only give the physically inadmissible mathematical ground state of the complex (totally symmetric spatial eigenfunction). Then this property is considered in the case of arbitrary interacting systems and a general proof is proposed. From these results a general explanation of the inadequacy of the Rayleigh-Schrödinger expansion for the treatment of short range intermolecular interaction is proposed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 319-333 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Hartree-Fock wave functions for the He and Be isoelectronic sequences of ions are calculated using orbitals which are linear combinations of simple exponential functions. By a full optimization of the exponents and coefficients close approximations to the HartreeFock energies were obtained. To the same order of accuracy the resulting Hartree-Fock orbitals require fewer basis functions than used previously. A number of difficulties which arise in the numerical procedures as the size of the basis set is increased are analysed in detail. Similar results are obtained for the Li sequence using the Unrestricted HartreeFock method with and without projection.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 387-394 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Schrödinger equation for helium is written as a generalized eigenvalue equation which is solved for the ground state using perturbation theory. Two zero order equations are used and defined implicitly by specifying their eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. In both cases the eigenfunctions are taken to be the complete discrete set of products of eigenfunctions of the generalized eigenvalue equation for the hydrogen atom. To complete the definition the zero order eigenvalues are needed and two different intuitive choices are made. In the better of our two calculations an energy of -2.9014 a.u. is obtained for helium using the perturbation theory to second order.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 469-473 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relativistic long-range intermolecular interaction energy term of Mavroyannis and Stephen is estimated for some amino acids by using optical rotatory dispersion data and for hexahelicene by using theoretical values of excitation energies and rotational strengths. The result shows that the interaction energy may be significant for the interaction between some essentially dissymmetric chromophores such as hexahelicene, but that it is unimportant for other cases.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 478-478 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 119-130 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A relation between the cluster expansion theory of many electron wave functions and the correlated wave functions method is established. In this way, the theoretical basis of the method is elucidated and the approximations involved in its application become apparent. General forms of the correlated wave function, differing in certain important respects from that form usually assumed, are derived.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 565-574 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: General expressions for the time-dependent probability amplitudes of the quantum states of two arbitrary, interacting atoms are calculated when one atom is initially in an excited p state and the other atom is in an s ground state. The lifetimes of the excited states and the line shape of the emitted radiation are obtained as functions of both the atomic separation and the energy difference between the excited states of the two atoms. The emission line shape is shown to be doubly peaked and to agree with the line shape of the radiation scattered by a system of two interacting atoms. The expressions for the lifetimes of the excited states are found to be identical to those obtained for the radiation scattering situation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 13-34 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A function analogue of the formal operator theory of Goldberger and Watson for the decay of prepared states is developed with a modification that permits treatment of degenerate, interacting intermediate states. The theory is applied to the problem of absorption of radiation by an absorber in a very intense monochromatic beam. In particular, a simple two-level absorber in a resonant monochromatic beam of sufficient intensity to induce transitions from the ground state at a rate exceeding the spontaneous emission rate from the excited state, but still lying well below the optical frequency characterizing the transition, is investigated with the conclusion that the absorption cross-section falls off with the one-half power of the incident intensity. Conditions for the possible experimental verification of this result are presented.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 17
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    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 111-113 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 455-467 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The infinite summation of intermolecular ring diagrams is extended to any pair of interacting molecules with isotropic polarizabilities. The calculation no longer requires the use of a minimal basis set. The polarizabilities α,α′ may be factorized at all orders, and an expression is derived, which gives modified Van der Waals energies. For heavy atoms the series converges if αα′/R6 is smaller than 1, R being the interatomic distance. This inequality is easily satisfied for the Van der Waals distances, and in practice the correction due to the high orders of the perturbation expansion remains weak. The role of the EPV diagrams and the connection with a configuration interaction treatment are discussed.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 215-220 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A recent formula of Braun and Rebane for variational bounds to overlap is shown to be closely related to the methods of Rayner and of Weinhold for the same problem, and is extended to give upper and lower bounds to overlap in both ground and excited states.
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  • 20
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 239-263 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A one-dimensional model consisting of a “diatomic” spring attached on one side to a rigid wall and on the other side to a linear array of mass-springs is proposed as a model for the vibrational relaxation of small solute molecules in host lattices. A modification allowing a change in the equilibrium internuclear extension of the diatomic spring is also incorporated. The Hamiltonian divides naturally into pure diatomic, pure linear crystal, and the two mixed perturbation terms, one giving rise to stepwise vibrational cascade damping accompanied by phonon emission, and the other process, lattice relaxation, giving rise to phonon emission without any change of the quantum number of the diatomic spring. The cascade damping rate for a diatomic spring with a frequency less than the the maximum frequency of the linear crystal is calculated to second-order, and it is shown that the perturbation series converges in this range.An upper bound to the cascade damping rate for a diatomic spring with a frequency greater (i.e., 4.5 ×) than the cut-off frequency of the linear crystal is determined to be very small, λ ≦ 104 sec -;1.The rate for the lattice relaxation process corresponds to a line-width λ = 6 cm -1 at 0K.An explanation for the thermal quenching of the low-temperature luminescence of SO2 is based upon induced cascade-phonon emission.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 22
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 381-386 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An orthonormal set of irreducible fifth-rank tensors having the required permutation symmetry is constructed. Various problems not encountered in the analogous problem for tensors of ranks two, three, four and six are discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 23
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 435-453 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The classical intermolecular Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation expansion is used with a finite basis of simple products of single determinants. For two hydrogen molecules with a minimal basis set, one shows that the ring and ladder diagrams dominate the perturbation series. The contributions of the purely intermolecular convex and concave ring diagrams are summed at all orders. The mixed ladder-ring diagrams are also included. The series converges if the norm of the first order perturbed wave function is smaller than ½. The summation multiplies the Van der Waals-London forces by an explicit factor.
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  • 24
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 475-475 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 25
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 479-495 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The molecular orbital configuration for the ground-state of O2 generates the valence formula . “Increased-valence” formulae for triatomic and polyatomic molecules have been developed recently. In them, more electrons participate in bonding than is possible for the familiar valence-bond formulae. Using oxyhaemoglobin as an example of an oxygen carrier, various increased-valence formulae are generated for the FeO2 groups. In the low-energy formulae, the iron is bonded to the above valence formula for O2. Therefore, in contrast to the bonding schemes of Pauling and Coryell, Griffith and Weiss, little reorganization of O2 need occur on formation of HbO2. This conclusion is independent of the mode of co-ordination of iron to the O2.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 26
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The equations of the coupled-pair many-electron theory (CPMET) for the closed shell systems are rederived both in the spin-orbital and orbital forms without the use of second quantization, Wick's theorem or the technique of Feynman-like diagrams. Only the Slater rules are used for the calculation of necessary matrix elements. A comparison with earlier papers shows clearly the usefulness and conceptual simplicity of the mathematical methods of quantum field theory both in the derivation of the CPMET, in spin-orbital form, and in the process of excluding spin variables.
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  • 27
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new interpretation of the ordinate in a Walsh diagram for a polyatomic molecule is suggested in terms of the Hellmann-Feynman theorem. This makes use of the fact that in a single-configurational MO wave function the total one-electron density is the sum of individual densities in the occupied orbitals. Walsh-type diagrams have been constructed for three different molecules, water, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide.In H2O and NH3 calculation of the force, and thus of the energy, in terms of the valence angle, is made on the assumption that the central (heavy) atom is kept fixed while each of the lighter atoms moves in a plane containing the principal symmetry axis and the relevant bond, in a totally symmetric fashion; for H2O2 the two oxygen atoms are kept fixed.The angular correlation diagrams obtained reproduce the general features of those obtained by plotting Hartree-Fock MO energies as functions of the valence angles. The conclusion emerges that the force formulation provides a satisfactory pictorial basis for understanding molecular geometry in terms of the balance between the electron-nucleus attractive forces resulting from the charge densities in the occupied MO'S, and the nuclear repulsive forces. However, in the absence of highly accurate charge distributions such an approach is unsuitable for the quantitative prediction of molecular quantities such as valence angles, force constants or energy barriers.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 28
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 29
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 477-478 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 30
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 557-563 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this work, we report an all-electron SCF-LCGO-CO computation for the ground state wave-function of an infinite polyenic chain. This work demonstrates that ab initio calculations on the electronic structure of polymers become actually feasible. Our results are compared with previously obtained semi-empirical ones.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 31
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 497-503 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A MO-LCAO-SCF treatment is performed on water, ammonia and methane using a recently proposed approximate method.The procedure is found capable of predicting total and orbital energies in close agreement with the results of accurate computations using double ζ basis sets of Slater type orbitals.A comparison is made with the results of similar approximate ab initio procedures.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 32
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 505-512 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The various multicenter exchange, hybrid and Coulomb electron repulsion integrals that occur in molecular quantum mechanics are shown to satisfy a Poisson equation in which an overlap integral plays the role of a source distribution function. Two-, three-and four-center exchange integrals arise from four-center source functions; two- and three-center hybrid integrals arise from three-center distributions; and one- and two-center Coulomb integrals have two-center sources.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 33
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 539-548 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for the use of natural orbital iterations in limited CI calculations is discussed. This method is then applied to the ground X2II state of the nitric oxide molecule at its experimental equilibrium internuclear separation to yield the total energy, dipole moment, spin densities at each nucleus, and approximate natural spin orbitals for this molecule.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 34
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 35
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 647-655 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A variation perturbation method in the Hartree-Fock scheme has been described to calculate excited 3P state wave functions of atoms. The starting wave functions are obtained from a study of the singularities in the dynamic polarizability calculation [1]. The 23P, 33P and 43P states of He, Li+, Be2+, B3+ and C4+ are studied. The results obtained are in satisfactory agreement with experimental values and with other accurate theoretical estimates.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 36
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 699-702 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The super-secular-equation has been introduced by Löwdin to discuss the Schrödinger equation in terms of a linearly dependent basis. The method is shown to be particularly simple when the basis is a symmetry adapted one. By expanding the secular equation a formula giving a good estimate of the eigenvalue is obtained.
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  • 37
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron density and the Fermi hole of the ground states of the atoms He, Be, Ne, Mg, Ar, Ca, Zn, and Kr are studied in the restricted Hartree-Fock approximation. The use of single Slater-type orbitals for the free atoms is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 38
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 221-234 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The absorption and emission spectra of a diatomic “molecule” connected to an unstrained linear crystal are calculated for the circumstance where the diatomic undergoes a change of equilibrium internuclear separation in the electronic transition. The expansion (or contraction) of the diatomic results in a frequency dependent line-width in the customary Lorentzian expression, and is manifested in the absorption spectrum as an asymmetric tailing to the blue, and in the emission spectrum as an asymmetric tailing to the red. The interaction of the diatomic with the lattice also produces a blue-shift of the absorption spectrum and a red-shift of the emission spectrum. An important consequence of the asymmetry is the apparent loss of integrated intensity of the line. The striking similarity, both in the width and the over-all shape, of the emission line calculated here with those observed in the Vegard-Kaplan band of N2 dissolved in rare gas crystals is discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 39
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 297-309 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The optimum projection technique is the determination of the best function in the space spanned by a set off f(N, S) linearly independent antisymmetric space-spin eigenfunctions of S2 obtainable from a spatial function made of a product of N-independent orbitals. This is formulated in the spin-free framework. We consider several sets of predetermined orbitals for the lithium 2S state. Both the energy and spin-density are determined for each optimum projected function. The behavior of certain results is explained in terms of the “closeness” of the ls and ls′ split-shell core orbitals.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 40
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 335-357 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Wave functions of the 1S (ground state), 3P and 1P states for the beryllium isoelectronic sequence have been obtained in various approximations.The HF 2p orbitals for the 1P and 3P states are similar except for Be, where the 2p orbital is quite diffuse for the 1P state.The difference between the experimental E(1P) - E(3P) and the HF E(1P) - E(3P) is 0.62 eV for Be and 1.17 ∼ 1.40 eV for B+ ∼ F5+. The disagreements are attributed to the correlation effects between the 2s and 2p electrons. This is confirmed by ci calculations.It is shown that a limited basis SCF calculation reproduces the above feature of the HF results if we treat the orbital exponents as the variational parameters. The use of the Slater values for the orbital exponents is shown to be inadequate especially for the Be 1P state.The conclusions of this paper will be useful for discussing the V-T separations of H2 and C2H4.
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  • 41
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 395-409 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The model of complete loge localization is employed here to develop a practical method for handling correlation effects in atomic and molecular many electron systems. Intraloge correlation is dealt with by an independent variational treatment of pair functions which are continuous and vanish outside a given loge. It is shown that in the context of the model it is possible to compute pair correlation energies for localized single and double bonds in molecules by evaluating only modified atomic integrals. We bypass in this manner the evaluation of multicenter integrals necessary in other formalisms. In addition, the corrections to the model are discussed and in particular it is shown that part of the interloge correlation effects are already described by the loge localized wave function.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 42
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 525-537 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Upper and lower bound expressions are derived to the second-order energy relating to an unperturbed degenerate excited state in those cases where both the first-order energy and the off diagonal matrix elements in the secular equation vanish, making use of the partitioning technique, operator inequalities and inner projection approach. These expressions, which involve an arbitrary basis, are then developed to yield reasonably good bounds to van der Waals dispersion energies for systems of the type H (first excited state)  -  other atom b (ground state). The particular choice of basis used in the development yields the latter bounds easy to evaluate by expressing them in terms of the ground state sum rule values, S(k) of atom b. This same choice is also utilized in Lindner and Löwdin's expressions [1] to obtain bounds to systems of the type H (ground state)  -  other atom b (ground state) that are comparable to those found by other more elaborate semi-empirical methods.
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  • 43
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 67-84 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The LCAO form of the Hartree-Fock method is discussed in its application to crystals. General formulae are given for obtaining Fourier coefficient of electronic density (in direct space) as well as of the band structure (in momentum space). Finally, it is shown that in its LCAO form, Slater-Hartree-Fock equations are very simple and that this method is of interest for numerical applications. Special integrals occurring in this formalism are evaluated for a Gaussian basis in the last part of this paper.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 44
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 45
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 157-175 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of X-ray and fast electron scattering by light atoms and ions has been carried out in the first Born approximation. Coherent and incoherent scattering factors calculated with configuration interaction wave functions are compared with those obtained with Hartree-Fock wave functions. These configuration interaction wave functions involve only L-shell correlation. It is shown that the changes in the coherent scattering factors due to configuration interaction are not negligible and that the electron correlation effects on the incoherent scattering factors are important. Tables of coherent and incoherent scattering factors for light atomic systems are given.
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  • 46
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 235-238 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 47
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Triplet energy levels and triplet-triplet transition in benzene have been calculated semi-empirically by considering CI up to and including doubly excited configurations and using various values of the core resonance and electron repulsion integrals. The usual method of calibrating β (core resonance integral) from one of the observed transitions in the semi-empirical methods is critically examined with respect to the triplet levels of this molecule. Semi-empirical parameters are found to have a pronounced effect on the energy of the triplets and the triplet-triplet transitions; but the intensities of such transitions are quite insensitive to the choice of such parameters.Numerical results show several 3B1u → 3E2g transitions of various intensities. Out of these, the transitions which correspond energetically to the observed triplet-triplet bands are found to have low intensity. Some strong triplet-triplet bands are predicted in the far ultra violet region.
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  • 48
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 311-317 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Hellmann-Feynman theorem has been used to prove some energy relations. In this paper it is shown that in a scaled co-ordinate system both the charge density and the potential field of neutral atoms may be scaled so that the corresponding scaled quantities are independent of the atomic number. In the proof the momentum theorem of real functions is used.
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  • 49
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 549-556 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Casimir-Polder retarded dispersion energy is calculated for non-symmetric molecules and the energy is expressed in terms of body fixed axes for the dipole transition moments on each molecule. In the special case of molecules with cylindrical symmetry the potential energy is given in terms of the transverse and longitudinal polarizabilities and in terms of the angles defining the orientation of the axes of the molecules with respect to the intermolecular direction. In the limit of no retardation (R ≪ λ) the result becomes that of London and in the opposite limit of full retardation at large R the potential energy tends to that of Craig and Power.
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  • 50
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A kinetic model employing calculated atom and bond localization energies to approximate relative activation energies of reaction is used to analyse previously obtained experimental results for in vitro and in vivo chemical binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to nucleic acids. It is found that in vitro linkage of hydrocarbons to DNA induced by a microsomal hydroxylating system is compatible with mechanisms involving either attack at the most reactive hydrocarbon center or attack at the most reactive hydrocarbon bond. Independent evidence leads us to favor the former mechanism. Further, the limited experimental data for in vivo linkage of hydrocarbons to DNA is found to be consistent with a model involving attack at the most reactive bond of the molecule: the “K region”. This model is supported by a close parallelism found between extent of hydrocarbons bound to DNA in vivo and the experimentally determined relative reactivities of their K regions.
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  • 51
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 52
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 35-65 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The quantum theory of light absorption by a pair of neighboring absorbers is developed in the point dipole approximation for the circumstance where excited states decay only by radiative damping. Comparison with classical local field theories, in which the monomers are represented by constant, frequency-dependent complex polarizabilities, shows that these local field theories are valid for non-harmonic absorbers only in the weak interaction limit, and only when there exist no states with both monomers simultaneously excited (e.g. one excited vibrationally, the other electronically) that are nearly degenerate with the single excitation states and also connected to them by appreciable transition moments. Failure of the local field theories is, thus, shown to be a consequence of the non-harmonic nature of real absorbers.Using a general relation between the level-shift function and complex polarizability, a recipe is formulated for calculating the complex polarizability and spectrum of a dimer.
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  • 53
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 115-115 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 54
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 101-110 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Variable Electronegativity Pariser-Parr-Pople method has been successfully applied to calculate the potential energy curve for the formation of a 1: 1 complex between quinone and hydroquinone. A consistent evaluation of core and electronic repulsion integrals is important to obtain a meaningful curve. A computationally simple procedure has been suggested for separating interactions due to electron exchange between the components from other intermolecular interactions. In agreement with experimental deductions the preferred configuration for the quinone-hydroquinone complex is found to be one in which the molecules are in parallel planes with their C - O bonds parallel. The equilibrium separation between the molecular planes is found to be 2.3 Å and the stabilization energy in this position is 1.2 eV. In this equilibrium position forces due to electron exchange constitute the major contributing factor to the stability of the complex.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 55
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The [N, M] Padé approximants to functions formally associated to power series expanssions are expressed in terms of expectation values of inverse matrices. These formulae, which can be derived by the inner-projection technique, lead to a simple analysis of the properties of serveral approximation methods and their inter-relationships, in particular Gaussian integration, continued factorization and Padé approximations, which are of current interest in the calculation of physical properties. A relation with Fredholm integral equations and expansions of the resolvent is also discussed.The use of operator inequalities in a systematic fashion is particularly convenient when both the function being approximated and the coefficients of the power series have physically meaningful expressions as moments of operators.
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  • 56
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 57
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 513-524 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The results of the calculations of π-π* transition energies of some free hydrazyl radicals, their ionic forms and initial hydrazines by the SCF-MO-LCAO method with restricted configuration interaction are presented. The comparison of the data obtained with the electronic spectra experimentally found, revealed that the absorption of radical solutions in the visible area was due to the electronic structure of radical molecules, the contribution of ionic forms to the absorption being negligible.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 58
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 583-598 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The singly-excited two-electron states 1s2s 3S and ls3s 3S have been investigated by means of the variational perturbation theory procedure. The wave functions have been constructed as linear combinations of Hylleraas terms with hyperbolic factors in t, and the results obtained by carrying the computations through to 10th perturbation order and with 36(37)- 57(58)- and 85(86)-term basic sets, respectively, are reported. These results compare favourably with the corresponding best values from previous conventional variational calculations.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 59
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 5 (1971), S. 637-646 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper a fully coupled variation-perturbation theory has been introduced for handling open-shell atomic systems in the presence of static perturbations. The static dipolar and quadrupolar polarizabilities and shielding factors for Li, Be+, B2+, B, C+, Na and Al have been calculated and compared with available results. Important sources of discrepancies in previous calculations of shielding factors have been noticed and critically examined. The dipolar shielding factors calculated in this paper show satisfactory agreement with the theoretical N/Z ratio. In the absence of any theoretical test for the quadrupolar shielding factor, the accuracy of the calculations of γ∞, should be judged in the light of the accuracy of the corresponding β∞ values.
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  • 60
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 61
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 413-430 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Une théorie de perturbation est décrite qui est basée sur l'équation de Schrödinger dependant du temps; l'interaction électrostatique des électrons est considerée, l'interaction, des spins est negligée. En prenant des fonctions d'onde, données par la méthode de la densité projetée des électrons decrite en Part I, les énergies des états électroniques excités sont calculées. Les spectres électroaiques de quclqucs porphyrines sont calculés et sont trouvés en bon accord avec l'expérience.
    Abstract: Es wird eine Störungstheorie dargostellt, die auf der zeitabhängigen Schrödinger-gleichung beruht; Coulombwechselwirkungen werden berücksichtigt, Spineigenschaften vernachlässigt. Wellenfunktionen, die nach der in Teil I beschriebenen Methode der projizierten Elektronendichte erhalten wurden, werden als Basissatz verwendet, und die Energien von angeregten π-Elektronenzuständen werden berechnet. Für eine Reihe von Porphyrinen werden die Elektronenspektren berechnet, und es wird eine gute Über-einstimmung mit dem Experiment festgestellt.
    Notes: A perturbation theory based on the time-dependent Schrödinger equation is presented; Coulombic interactions are taken into account and spin properties are neglected. Using wave functions given by the projected electron density method described in Part I as a basis set the energies of excited π-electron states are calculated. For a series of porphyrin compounds the electronic spectra are calculated and are found to be in good agreement with experiment.
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  • 62
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 463-470 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les méthodes Hückel MO et SCF-ASMO-CI (sémi-empirique) ont été employées pour calculer des énergies de transition de sept tautoméres possibles de la flavine et de deux imino-flavines (bases de Schiff). Les énergies de transition calculées indiquent que la tautomérie et la formation de bases de Schiff sont accompagnées d'un déplacement bathochrome par rapport au spectre d'absorption de la riboflavine. Ce déplacement est particuliérement prononcé dans le cas des formes énoliques de la molécule d'isoalloxazine. Les tautomères énoliques ont aussi ses niveaux triplets les plus bas bien au-dessous des triplets des autres tautomères. On discute la signification de ces résultats.
    Abstract: Die Hückelsche MO-Methode und die halb-empirische SCF-ASMO-CI-Methode wurden für die Berechnung der Übergangsenergien sieben möglicher Flavintautomeren und zwei Iminoflavinen (Schiffscher Basen) benützt. Die berechneten Übergangsenergien zeigen dass die Tautomerie und die Bildung Schiffscher Basen mit einer bathochromischen Verschiebung hinsichtlich des Absorptionsspektrums des Riboflavins verbunden ist. Diese Verschiebung ist im Falle der 4-Enolformen des Isoalloxazinmoleküls besonders ausgeprägt. Die 4-Enoltautomere haben auch tiefste Triplettniveaus wohl unter den Tripletten anderer Tautomeren. Die Bedeutung dieser Resultate wird diskutiert.
    Notes: The Hückel MO and semiempirical SCF-ASMO-CI methods have been employed to calculate transition energies of seven possible flavin tautomers and two imino flavins (Schiff bases). The calculated spectral transition energies indicate that the tautomerism and Schiff base formation are accompanied by a bathochromic shift with reference to the absorption spectrum of riboflavin. This shift is especially pronounced in the case of the 4-enol forms of the isoalloxazine molecule. The 4-enolic tautomers also have lowest triplet levels well below the triplets of other tautomers. The significance of the results has been discussed.
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  • 63
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 521-530 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On a observé que certains substituants introduits sur un système acénique peuvent changer le lieu de la fixation de l'oxygène au cours de la photooxydation. Ce fait ne peut ětre interprété en calculant les énergies de paralocalisation. L'hypothèse d'un complexe intermédiaire correspondant à une extension du systeme délocalisé permet au contraire de rendre trés bien compte des résultats expérimentaux.
    Abstract: Es wurde bemerkt, dass gewisse Substituenten, die in Acenderivaten eingeführt sind, den Anheftungsplatz des Sauerstoffs während der Photooxydation verändern können. Dieses Phänomen kann nicht mit einer Berechnung der Paralokalisierungsenergien erklärt werden. Wenn aber ein intermediürer Komplex eingeführt wird, was einer Erweiterung der delokalisierten Bindung entspricht, ist es möglich eine befriedigende Erklärung der experimentellen Tatsachen zu geben.
    Notes: It has been observed that some substituents introduced in acenic derivatives are able to change the site of the fixation of oxygen during photooxidation. It is not possible to interpret this phenomenon by calculating the paralocalization energies. However, if an intermediate complex is introduced, which corresponds to an extension of the delocalized bond, a satisfactory explanation of the experimental results is possible.
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  • 64
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: La méthode des orbitales moléculaires alternantes (AMO) est plus efficace quand les orbitales moléculaires sont choisies d'une maniére optimale. Une méthode est présentée pour la détermination de la combinaison la plus efficace et pour le choix des orbitales moléculaires. Application aux systémes non-alternants (le fulvéne et l'azuléne) montre qu'on peut obtenir une amélioration substantielle dans la valeur de l'énergie par la détermination optimale des MO.
    Abstract: Die Methode der Alternierenden MO(AMO) ist wirksamer, wenn die MO auf optimale Weise gewählt werden. Es wird ein Verfahren für das beste Paarungs-Schema und die Wahl der MO gegeben. Anwendung an nicht-alternierenden Molekülen (Fulven und Azulen) zeigt, dass man eine wesentliche Verbesserung in der Energie erreichen kann, wenn die optimalen MO angewandt werden.
    Notes: The alternant molecular orbital method (AMO) is more efficient if the molecular orbitals are chosen in an optimal way. A method is given of how to determine the most effective pairing scheme and how to choose the starting molecular orbitals. Applications to non-alternant systems (fulvene and azulene) show that one can achieve substantial improvement in the energy by determining the best MO's.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 65
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On analyse quelques travaux récents sur des molécules à un et deux électrons. On discute des résultats obtenus de calculs variationnels et des théories de perturbation pour l'état fondamental et pour des états excités. On s'intéresse surtout aux résultats qui sont suffisamment exacts pour permettre des conclusions définies en ce qui concerne ou le systéme ou la méthode.
    Abstract: Neue theoretische Arbeiten über Ein- und Zweielektronenmoleküle werden besprochen. Resultate, die mit der Variationsmethode und der Störungstheorie erhalten worden sind, werden für den Grundzustand und für angeregte Zustände diskutiert. Die Betonung wurde auf solche Resultate gelegt, die genügend genau sind, um bestimmte Schlüsse mit Rücksicht auf entweder das System order die Methode zuzulassen.
    Notes: Recent theoretical work dealing with one- and two-electron molecules is reviewed. Results obtained using both the variational method and the perturbation theory are discussed for the ground states as well as for excited states of the molecules. Emphasis is placed on those results which are sufficiently accurate to yield definite conclusions with regard to either the system or the method.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 66
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On a examiné l'application de la méthode de Pariser-Parr-Pople aux systèmes avec des liaisons d'hydrogène. La courbe de potentiel pour le mouvement du proton a été calculée. La validité des résultats obtenus a été discutée.
    Abstract: Es wurde die Anwendung der Pariser-Parr-Pople Methode auf Systemen mit Wasserstoffbrücken untersucht. Die Potentialkurven für die Bewegung des Protons wurde berechnet und die Zuverlüssigkeit der erhaltenen Resultate diskutiert.
    Notes: In this work, the application of the Pariser-Parr-Pople scheme to hydrogen-bonded systems containing π electrons has been examined. The potential energy curves for the movement of the hydrogen atom in the bond have been calculated, and the reliability of the results obtained from this method, applied in this manner, have been discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 5-21 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On a étudié la structure électronique du cation de la proflavine par la méthode SCF-ASMO-CI avec les approximations de Pariser-Parr-Pople. On démontre que la bande à 445 mμ peut ětre attributée à la transition 1A1 → 1B1 polarisée le long de l'axe long de la molécule. Les bandes au voisinage de 260 mμ, qui sont composées de trois bandes d'absorption, sont attribuées à l'essai aux transitions 1A1 → 1B1, 1B1 → 1B1, et 1A1 → 1A1.Il est bien connu que la dimérisation des cations des acridines colorées varie avec la concentration. Les distances intermoléculaires dans ces dimères ont été estimées des déplacements des bandes provenant de la formation des dimères. On démontre que la contribution essentielle de l'interaction moléculaire est l'interaction électrostatique dipǒle-dipǒle.En employant ces résultats-ci on discute certains modèles pour la liaison entre l'ADN et les acridines colorées.
    Abstract: Die Elektronstruktur des Proflavinkations wurde mit der SCF-ASMO-CI Methode und den Pariser-Parr-Pople Approximationen untrsucht. Es wird gezeigt dass das Band an 445 mμ dem 1A1 → 1B1-Übergang, der längs der Molekülachse polarisiert ist, zugeschrieben werden kann. Die Bänder in der Nachbarschaft von 260 mμ, die aus drei Absorptionsbänder bestehen, werden versuchsweise den 1A1 → 1B1, 1A1 → 1B1, und 1A1 → 1A1-Übergänge zugeschrieben.Es ist wohlbekannt, dass die Dimerisation der Akridinfarben mit det Konzentration wechselt. Die Intermolekularabstände in diesen Dimeren wurden von den Bandenverschie-bungen abgeschätzt. Es wird gezeigt, dass der Hauptbeitrag zur molekularen Wechselwirkung die elektrostatische Dipol-Dipolwechselwirkung ist.Von der Standpunkt dieser Resultate aus, wurden gewisse Modellen für die Bindung zwischen die DNA-Moleküle und die Akridin-Farben diskutiert.
    Notes: The electronic structure of the proflavine cation is studied by the SCF-ASMO-CI method using the Pariser-Parr-Pople approximations. It is shown that the band at 445 mμ may be assigned to the 1A1 → 1B1, transition polarized along the long axis of the molecule. The bands in the neighbourhood of 260 mμ, which are composed of three absorption bands, are tentatively assigned to the 1A1 → 1B1, 1A1 → 1B1, and 1A1 → 1A1 transitions, respectively, in order of decreasing wavelength. The spectrum of the acridine orange cation may be understood to have the same assignment as that of the proflavine cation.The acridine dye cations are well known for their dimerization with concentration. The intermolecular distances in these dimers are estimated from the band shifts due to the formation of dimers, using the exciton theory. The main contribution to the molecular interaction is shown to be the electrostatic dipole-dipole interaction.Since the first excitation band of the dye molecule which exhibits a remarkable change due to the formation of the DNA-acridine dye complex, is suggested to be polarized along the long axis, preference of the outside stacking or the intercalation model is qualitatively discussed from the spectral shift of the acridine dye bound to the DNA, assuming simple models.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 55-67 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On propose une approximation pour la solution du problème SCF pour les systèmes à couches incomplètes. On donne les équations et on discute les résultats.
    Abstract: Eine Näherung zur Lösung des SCF-Verfahrens für Systeme mit räumlich ungepaarten Elektronen wird vorgeschlagen. Die Gleichungen werden hergeleitet und die Ergebnisse diskutiert.
    Notes: An approximate solution of the SCF problem for systems with unpaired electrons (open-shell) is proposed. The equations are given and the results are discussed.
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  • 69
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 70
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: La méthode AMO, modifiée à l'aide d'un “paramètre” d'échelle a été appliquée à l'état 1sσ2pσ1∑u+ de la molécule d'hydrogène. On emploie une méthode pour étendre le domaine du “paramètre de mélange” dans le plan complexe. Tous les paramètres employés ont été complètement variés. Pour les grandes séparations internucléaires on obtient une amélioration considérable de l'énergie totale. Les résultats obtenus ont été comparés aux ceux de Kolos et Wolniewicz en fonction de la distance internucléaire R. Pour R = 12 u.a. la différence entre les deux énergies n'est que 18% de la différence correspondante pour R = 2.43 u.a. Pour la distance internucléaire à l'équilibre on trouve 2.140 u.a. ce qui n'est pas en très bon accord avec la valeur 2.429 u.a., obtenue par les deux autres auteurs.Dans la limite des atomes séparés l'état en question ne donne pas H+ + H-, bien que le caractère ionique de la fonction d'onde soit dominant dans la région 3 ≦ R ≦ 8 u.a.
    Abstract: Es wurde eine Version der AMO-Methode mit einen Koordinatenstreckungsparameter auf den 1sσ2pσ1∑u+ Zustand des Wasserstoffmoleküls angewendet. Alle eingeführten Parameter wurden vollstündig variiert. Für grosse Kernabstände, R, wurde dadurch eine ansehnliche Verbesserung der berechneten Energiewerte erhalten. Die hier berechnete Potentialkurve wurde mit der von Kolos und Wolniewicz berechneten verglichen. Für r = 12 a.E. ist die Energie-differenz nur 18% von der für R = 2.43 a.E. erhaltenen. Für den Gleichgewichtskernabstand gab unsere Berechnung 2.140 a.E., was in schlechter Übereinstimmung mit dem von Kolos und Wolniewicz erhaltenen Abstand, 2.429 a.E. steht.In der Grenze getrennter Atome wurde der hier behandelte Zustand nicht in H+ + H- dissoziiert, obgleich der Ionencharacter der Wellenfunktion im Intervall 3 ≦ R ≦ 8 a.E. dominierend sei.
    Notes: A scaled version of the AMO method is applied to the 1sσ2pσ 1∑u+ state of the hydrogen molecule. A method to extend the domain of the mixing parameter λ to the whole complex plane is described and applied in the present calculation. All the parameters introduced have been varied completely. A considerable improvement in the computed energy values is found for large internuclear separations R. The comparison between our potential energy curve and the accurate curve calcualted by Kolos and Wolniewicz is studied and, for example, for R = 12 a.u. the energy difference is only 18% of that for R = 2.43 a.u. The equilibrium separation is found to be 2.140 a.u. in poor agreement with 2.429 a.u. obtained by the previously mentioned authors.In the separated atom limit, the state under consideration does not dissociate into H+ + H-, although the ionic character of the wave function is dominating in the region 3 ≦ R ≦ 8 a.u. The connections with earlier calculations and methods, especially the scaled version of the MO-LCAO approximation, are also pointed out and discussed.
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  • 71
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Des méthodes différentes pour le calcul des énergies d'interaction intermoléculaire ont été comparées dans une application a des configurations de type ADN à deux chaines. L'interaction totale a été décomposée en parties différentes pour permettre des combinaisons optimales des méthodes existantes. On propose une méthode nouvelle pour calculer l'interaction de dispersion entre les électrons σ d'une molécule et les électrons π d'une autre. Les résultats ont été condensés dans un grand nombre de tablaux.
    Abstract: Methoden für die Berechnung intermolekulare Wechselwirkungsenergien werden in Anwendungen auf Konfigurationen von DNA-Typ zwischen Basen verglichen. Die Gesamtwechselwirkung wird in solche Teilen zerlegt, die optimale Kombinationen der existierenden Methoden gestatten. Es wird eine neue Methode für die Berechnung der Dispersionswechselwirkung zwischen den σ-Elektronen eines Moleküls und den π-Elektronen eines anderen vorgeschlagen. Die Resultate sind in Tabellen zusammengefasst.
    Notes: Methods for calculating intermolecular interaction energies are evaluated in a specific application to double-stranded DNA-like configurations between bases. The total interaction is decomposed in such a way, that existing methods can be hybridized so that each method can be utilized to its best advantage. In addition, a new method is suggested for the computation of the dispersion interaction between the σ-electron system of one molecule and the π-electron system of the other. Results of various approaches applied to base pairs and double-stranded dimers are summarized and compared in a number of tables.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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  • 72
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    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 333-339 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Une méthode qui converge rapidement pour l'état fondamental de l'atome de hélium, a été appliquée aux états excités S. Cette méthode est basée sur un développement de la fonction d'onde en puissances de \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}, In (r12 + r22), \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ w = r_{12} /\sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}. Des charges nucléaires effectives différentes ont été employées pour les deux électrons. Des résultats très satisfaisants ont été obtenus pour les valeurs moyennes de plusieurs opérateurs.
    Abstract: Eine Methode, die sehr schnell für den Grundzustand des Helium-atoms konvergiert, wurde zu den angeregten S-Zuständen ausgedehnt. Diese Methode ist auf eine Entwicklung der Wellenfunktion in Potenzen von \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}, In (r12 + r22), \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ w = r_{12} /\sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document} basiert. Verschiedene effektive Kernladungen wurden für die zwei Elektronen benützt. Sehr befriedigende Resultate wurden für die Erwartungswerteverschiedener Operatoren erhalten.
    Notes: A rapidly convergent method, which has previously been applied to the ground state of the helium atom, has been extended to excited S states. This method is based on an expansion of the wave function in powers of \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}, ln (r12 + r22), \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ w = r_{12} /\sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}. Different effective nuclear charges are used for the inner and the outer electrons. Very satisfactory results are obtained for expectation values of various operators.
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  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 349-357 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Le nombre total d'associations atomiques différentes pour une molécule à N atomes est plus petit qu'un nombre AN (obtenu si tous les atomes sont différents) et plus grand qu'un nombre PN (obtenu si tous les atomes sont identiques). PN peut ětre calculé d'un problème classique de la théorie des nombres. AN peut ětre réduit à une certaine expression qui peut ětre évaluée à l'aide du langage non-numérique FORMAC. De la relation PN ≦ 2N-1 ≦ AN on obtient une estimation approximative de l'ordre de grandeur des nombres cherchés. Le nombre Z(G)N de toutes les associations atomiques de grade (nombre “d'unions partielles”) G pour N atomes peut ětre calculé à l'aide d'une formule récursive.
    Abstract: Die Zahl sämtlicher verschiedener Atomassoziationen für ein N-atomiges Molekül liegt zwischen einer unteren Schranke PN (alle Atome identisch) und einer oberen Schranke AN (alle Atome verschieden). Zur Berechnung von PN kann ein klassisches zahlentheoretisches Problem herangezogen werden. AN kann als ein Operator-Ausdruck dargestellt werden, der mit einem einfachen FORMAC-Program ausgewertet wird. Es gilt PN ≦ 2N-1 ≦ AN, was einen ungefähren Eindruck von den zu erwartenden Grössenordnungen gibt. Die Zahl Z(G)N aller Atomassoziationen von N Atomen des Grades (Zahl der “Teil-vereinigungen”) G kann mit einer Rekursionsformel berechnet werden.
    Notes: The total number of different possible atomic associations of an N-atomic molecule lies between a value PN (all N atoms identical) and AN (all atoms different). PN may be obtained reducing the problem to a classical problem in number theory. AN may be given as an operator expression which can be evaluated using the non-numerical programming language FORMAC. The relation PN ≦ 2N-1 ≦ AN gives a rough estimate for the orders of magnitude to be expected. The number Z(G)N of all atomic associations of grade (number of “partial unions”) G for N atoms can be computed using a recursive formula.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 359-369 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On fait un commentaire sur un développement multipolaire de la force à longue portée entre deux atomes d'hydrogéne, obtenu antérieurement. L'énergie de perturbation du second ordre sans échange, est calculée exactement dans le cadre de l'approximation de Unsöld. On traite aussi deux atomes de hélium ainsi que d'autres interactions d'électrons de type s. On propose une méthode approximative pour estimer la force interatomique entre deux atomes en général.Es wurde eine Bemerkung über eine vorher erhaltene Multipolentwicklung der zwischen-atomaren Kraft zwei entfernter Wasserstoffatomen gemacht. Die Störungsenergie zweiter Ordnung ohne Austausch wurde im Rahmen der Unsöldapproximation genau ausgewertet. Eine Erweiterung wurde an Heliumatome und andere s-Elektronwechsel-wirkungen gemacht. Eine annähernde Methode für die Abschätzung der interatomaren Kraft zwischen zwei Atomen wird vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: A comment is made on the multipolar expansion formula of the long-range force between hydrogen atoms previously obtained. The second-order perturbation energy neglecting exchange in the framework of the Unsöld approximation is evaluated exactly. An extension is made to helium atoms, and to other s-electron interactions. An approximate method is suggested to estimate the interatomic force between two atoms in general.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 391-396 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: La courbe de potentiel pour l'état 1s2s 3∑g+ de la molécule d'hydrogène a été calculée dans l'approximation AMO à l'aide d'un facteur de “scaling”. On note des déviations d'une courbe ordinaire. Les résultats présentés ici sont en meilleur accord avec les données expérimentales que ceux de l'état 1sσ2pσ 1∑u+, étudié dans un article antérieur.
    Abstract: Die Potentialkurve des 1s2s 3∑g+ Zustands des Wasserstoffmoleküls wurde in der AMO-Annäherung berechnet. Abweichungen von einer gewöhnlichen Potentialkurve wurden bemerkt. Die Übereinstimmung mit den Messergebnissen ist für den 1s2s 3∑g+ Zustand besser als für den in einer vorläufigen Abhandlung berechneten 1sσ2pσ 1∑u+ Zustand.
    Notes: The potential energy curve for the 1s2s 3∑g+ state of the hydrogen molecule is calculated in a scaled version of the AMO approximation. Deviations from a simple potential curve occur. The agreement with experimental data is found to be better for the present state than for the 1sσ2pσ 1∑u+ state studied in a previous paper.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 76
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Des expressions analytiques des facteurs de diffusion des rayons x et des électrons pour un système atomique ont été deduites dans le cas où la fonction d'onde du système est écrite comme une somme de déterminants de Slater de spin-orbitales. La partie radiale d'orbitale est développée en termes d'orbitales de type Slater (STO). Les expressions ainsi obtenues ont été employées pour calculer les facteurs de diffusion cohérente et incohérente des rayons x et des électrons, ainsi que les intensités pour tous les atomes neutres jusqu'au krypton (Z = 36) et pour quelques ions positifs et négatifs d'interět chimique. Les résultats obtenus ont été employés pour examiner la valeur des fonctions d'onde de Hartree-Fock pour le calcul des “propriétés à un électron” des systèmes atomiques à plusieurs électrons.
    Abstract: Analytische Ausdrücke für die Röntgenstrahl- und Elektronenstreuungsfaktoren für ein atomares System wurden für Wellenfunktionen die als eine Summe von Slaterdeterminanten von Spinorbitalen geschrieben sind hergeleitet. Das Radialteil der Orbitalen wurde als eine Summe von Slatertyporbitalen (STO) geschrieben. Die so herge-leiteten Ausdrücke wurden für die Berechnung der Streuungsfaktoren koherenter und inkoherenter Röntgenstrahlen und Elektronen, als auch Intensitäten für alle neutrale Atome bis zu Krypton (Z = 36) und für einige positiven und negativen Ionen chemisches Interesse angewendet. Die erhaltenen Resultate wurden für die Prüfung der Güte der Hartree-Fock-Wellenfunktionen für die Berechnung “Ein-Elektron-Eigenschaften” von Viel-elektronenatome benutzt.
    Notes: Analytical expressions are developed for the x-ray and electron scattering factors for a many-electron atomic system when the single configuration wave function of the system is written as a sum of Slater determinants of spin orbitals. The radial part of the orbital is expanded in terms of Slater-type orbitals (STO's). The expressions so developed have been used to calculate the coherent and incoherent x-ray and electron scattering factors and intensities for all the neutral atoms up to krypton (Z = 36) and for some positive and negative ions of chemical interest. The results obtained are used to test the value of Hartree-Fock wave functions for the evaluation of “one-electron properties” of many-electron atomic systems.
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  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 78
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: En mécanique quantique des systèmes à plusieurs particules il est très important de distinguer entre états à couches complètes et états à couches incomplètes, cela en particulier si l'on s'intéresse au problème de la corrélation. Les définitions habituelles permettent une telle classification seulement dans le cas des états pour lesquels une description par un modèle à particules indépendantes est acceptable. On propose ici une classification dans le cadre d'une mécanique quantique rigoureuse, indépendante d'un modèle quelconque. On établit une distinction entres états à couches complètes et plusieurs sortes d'états à couches incomplètes. On formule des conditions suffisantes, permettant de reconnaǐtre des états à couches complètes, en fonction des invariants unitaires des matrices-densité à une particule.
    Abstract: In der Quantentheorie der Mehrteilchensysteme ist es wichtig-insbesondere im Hinblick auf das Korrelationsproblem-zwischen Zuständen mit offenen und solchen mit abgeschlossenen Schalen zu unterscheiden. Die üblichen Definition für diese beiden Arten von Zuständen sind aber nur für solche Zustände sinnvoll, die sich durch ein Modell der unabhängigen Teilchen beschreiben lassen. Hier werden dagegen im Rahmen einer strengen quantenmechanischen Beschreibung Definitionen angegeben, die unabhängig von irgendwelchen Modellvorstellungen sind. Man kann zwischen “Zuständen mit abgeschlossenen Schalen” und verschiedenen Typen von “Zuständen mit offenen Schalen” unterscheiden. Hinreichende Kriterien, ausdrückbar durch unitäre Invarianten der Einteilchendichtematrix, für “Zustände mit abgeschlossenen Schalen” werden angegeben.
    Notes: The distinction between open- and closed-shell states is quite important in few-particle quantum mechanics-especially in view of the correlation problem. The current definitions of such states and of shells in general are, however, only meaningful if one can assume that the independent particle model is a valid description of the state under consideration. Definitions are given in terms of rigorous quantum-mechanical concepts which allow a classification of states irrespective of any model assumptions. Closed-shell states and different types of open-shell states are distinguished. Sufficient criteria for a state to be a closed-shell state are derived in terms of unitary invariants of the one-particle density matrix of this state.
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  • 79
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dans le premier article de cette série nous avons développé une classification rigoureuse d'états de type couche complète et incomplète. Dans le présent article nous appliquons cette méthode aux états atomiques, qui peuvent être classifiés dans la limite Z → ∞ des séries isoélectroniques, parce qu'on en connaît la fonction d'onde exacte. Nous donnons des nombres d'occupation de la matrice-densité du premier ordre pour un nombre d'états des atomes de la première ligne dans la limite Z → ∞, et nous classifions les états correspondants.Pour Z fini on peut définir une classification dans le cadre de la théorie des perturbations grâce à un théorème sur la stabilité d'un état à couches complètes en fonction de petites perturbations. Pour les états à couches incomplètes il n'existe en général pas de stabilité correspondante.
    Abstract: Die strengen definitionen der Zustände mit abgeschlossenen und offenen Schalen, die im ersten Artikel dieser Reihe eingeführt worden sind, wurden auf Atomzustände angewendet. Diese können in der Grenze Z → ∞ der isoelektronischen Reihen klassifiziert werden, weil die exakte Wellenfunktion in dieser Grenze bekannt ist. Besetzungszahlen der Einteilchendichtematrix werden für eine Reihe von Zuständen der Atome der ersten Zeile in der Grenze Z → ∞ gegeben und die entsprechenden Zustände werden klassifiziert.Für endliche Z ist eine Klassifikation für Zustände mit abgeschlossenen Schalen möglich im Rahmen einer Störungstheorie, wobei ein Satz über der Stabilität eines Zustands mit abgeschlossenen Schalen mit Rücksicht auf kleine Störungen benützt wird. Für Zustände mit offenen Schalen gibt es im allgemeinen keine solche Stabilität.
    Notes: The system developed in the first paper of this series for the classification of states as open- or closed-shed type is applied to atomic states. These may be classified in the isoelectronic limit (Z → ∞) from knowledge of the true wave function in this limit. One-matrix occupation numbers are tabulated for a number of states of the first-row atoms in the limit Z → ∞ and the states classified.A classification for finite Z is possible in the framework of the Z-dependent perturbation theory by use of a thoerem for the stability of a closed-shed with respect to small perturbations. Such a stability does not hold in general for open-shel states.
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  • 80
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 599-605 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: La formule approximative de Preuss pour les surfaces d'énergie des molécules à plusieurs centers fait usage des “associations atomiques” pour le calcul de certaines constantes. Un programme LISP a été développé pour calculer toutes les “associations atomiques” d'une molécule donnée, en tenant compte des dégénérescences de permutation possibles. A titre d'exemple on donne les “associations atomiques” de l'alcool de méthyle. La plus grande molécule étudiée jusqu'ici est l'alcool d'éthyle, done les 289 associations différentes ont été obtenues en 3 minutes, y compris le temps de compilation. Sans tenir compte de la dégénerescence de permutation on aurait dù considérer 21147 “associations atomiques” pour cette molécule-ci, ce qui aurait été impossible à cause limitations de l'ordinateur en question.
    Abstract: Eine von H. Preuss angegebene Näherungsformel für die Energiehyperfläche von mehrzentrigen Molekülen benutzt zur Berechnung der in ihr vorkommenden Konstanten die sogenannten Atomassoziationen des Moleküls. Es wurde ein LISP-Programm ent-wickelt, das die Berechnung sämtlicher verchiedener Atomassoziationen eines Moleküls unter Berücksichtigung eventuell vorhandener Permutationsentartung durchführt. Als Beispiel werden die Atomassoziationen von Methylalkohol angegeben. Das grösste bis jetzt behandelte Molekül ist das Äthylalkohol-Molekü. Seine 289 verschiedenen Atom-assoziationen wurden in 3 min Rechenzeit einschliesslich Kompilationszeit erhalten. Ohne Berücksichtigung der Permutationsentartung hätten fü dieses Molekü 21147 Atom-assoziationen berücksichtigt werden müssen, was die durch Speicherkapazität und Rechengeschwindigkeit gesetzten Grenzen weit überstiegen hätte.
    Notes: Preuss's approximation formula for energy surfaces of multicentered molecules uses the “atomic associations” of the molecule to calculate certain constants. A LISP program was developed which calculates all atomic associations of a given molecule taking into consideration possible permutation degeneracy. As an example the atomic associations of methyl alcohol are listed. The largest molecule under study so far is ethyl alcohol. Its 289 different atomic associations were obtained in 3 min including compilation time. Not using the permutation degeneracy one would have had to consider 21147 atomic associations for this molecule, a task unfeasible from memory space and computing time limitations.
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  • 81
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 761-784 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Des bornes supérieures et inférieures pour les polarisabilités et pour les interactions à longue distance des atomes et des molécules sont déduites en usant des inégalités pour opérateurs.Les formules pour les forces de dispersion et les forces non-additives à trois corps, sont données en termes des S(k) rapportés, par régles de somme, avec des propriétés des systèmes séparés.Quelques approximations déjà connues sont obtenues, mais avec information additionelle sur leur nature, ainsi que plusieurs inégalités nouvelles. Leur intérět est qu'elles donnent des bornes explicites et rigoureuses renfermant des quantités accessibles à partir des données experimentales.
    Abstract: Obere und untere Grenzen für die Polarisierbarkeiten und für die “long-range” Wechselwirkungen zwischen Atomen und Molekülen wurden mittels Operatorungleichungen hergeleitet. Die Formeln für die Dispersionskräfte und die nichtadditiven Dreikörperkräfte sind in den S(k), die durch Summenregeln mit den Eigenschaften der getrennten Systeme in Verbindung stehen, ausgedrückt.Einige schon bekannte Annäherungen wurden erhalten, aber mit zusätzlicher Information über ihre Beschaffenheit. Mehrere neuen Ungleichungen wurden hergeleitet, die explizite und strenge Grenzen geben, welche in solchen Grössen ausgedrückt sind, die aus experimentellen Tatsachen berechnet werden können.
    Notes: Upper and lower bounds to polarizabilities, and long-range interactions of atoms and molecules are derived using operator inequalities.The formulae for the dispersion and the three-body non-additive forces are given in terms of the S(k), related by sum rules to properties of the separated systems.Some known approximations are obtained but with additional information about their nature, as well as several new inequalities. Their interest is that they give explicit and rigorous bounds involving quantities available from experimental data.
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  • 82
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 801-805 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L'approximation d'une combinaison linéaire des orbitales de Slater en termes de fonctions Gaussiennes est un problème d'optimisation multi-paramétrique. On présente des formules pour l'évaluation du gradient de recouvrement dans un espace paramétrique, et une méthode alternative pour l'évaluation du gradient, qui posséde une application générale. Cette technique permet l'évaluation exacte d'une dérivée sans dérivation et programmation de son expression analytique.
    Abstract: Die Entwicklung der Gaussfunktionen einer Linearkombination von Slaterfunktionen ist eine Optimalisierungsproblem von manchen Parametern. Ausdrücke für die Berechnung des Gradients der Überlappungsintegrale in einem Parameterraum werden hier angegeben. Eine andere Methode der Berechnung des Gradients, die allgemeine Anwendbarkeit besitzt, wird auch beschrieben. Diese Technik lässt die exakte Berechnung einer Ableitung zu, ohne seinen analytischen Ausdruck zu derivieren und programmieren.
    Notes: The approximation of a linear combination of Slater-type orbitals in terms of Gaussian functions is a many-parameter optimization problem. Formulas for computation of the gradient of the overlap in parameter space are reported. An alternative method of computing the gradient is described, which is of general applicability. This technique permits the exact evaluation of a derivative, without derivation and programming of its analytic expression.
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  • 83
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 857-866 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L'effet de corrélation pour les systémes atomiques de trois et quatre éléctrons a été considéré en modifiant les potentiels des interactions éléctroniques dans les équations de Hartree-Fock. Les énergies de corrélation obtenues pour Li, Be+, B2+, Li-, Be et B+ différent moins que 25 pour cent des valeurs exacts.
    Abstract: Der Korrelationseffekt für drei und vier Elektronen-Atom-Systeme wurde mit Hilfe der Modifikation der elektronischen Wechselwirkungspotentiale in der Hartree-Fock Gloichnung berücksichtigt. Die Differenzen zwischen den exakten und berechneten Korrelationsenergiewerten für Li, Be+, B2+, Li-, Be und B+ sind niedriger als 25%.
    Notes: The correlation effect for three- and foru-electron atomic systems has been taken into account by modifying the potentials of the electron interactions appearing in the Hartree-Fock equations. The correlation energies obtained for Li, Be+, B2+, Li-, Be and B+ differ by less than 25 percent from the exact values.
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  • 84
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 431-431 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 85
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 707-713 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Une surface d'énergie pour la réction intermoleculaire radical d'oxygène ⇌ radical de méthylène a été estimée dans le cadre de la méthode SCF-MO-LC(LCGO) pour une partie importante de la molécule α-Tocophérol (vitamine E). L'énergie totale du radical d'oxygène dépasse celle du radical de méthylene d'environ 49.6 kcal/Mol. La hauteur calculée de la barrière de potentiel entre les deux radicaux tautomères est 54.6 kcal/Mol. Pourla durée de vie du radical d'oxygène le calcul donne 5.3 sec.
    Abstract: An einem wesentlichen Teil des α-Tocopherol-Moleküls (Vitamin E) wird mit der SCF-MO-LC(LCGO)-Methode eine Energiefläche für die intramolekulare Radikalreaktion Sauerstoff-Radikal ⇌ Methylen-Radikal errechnet. Die Gesamtenergie des Sauerstoff-Radikals liegt um 49.6 kcal/Mol höher als die des Methylen-Radikals. Die Höhe des Potentialberges zwischen den beiden tautomeren Radikalformen beträgt 54.6 kcal/Mol. Die Lebensdauer des Sauerstoff-Radikals wurde zu 5.3 sec berechnet.
    Notes: An energy surface for the intramolecular radical reaction oxygen radical ⇌ methylene radical has been estimated on an important part of the α-Tocopherol molecule (Vitamin E), using the SCF-MO-LC(LCGO) method. The total energy of the oxygen radical is greater than that of the methylene radical by about 49.6 kcal/Mol. The height of the potential barrier between the two tautomeric radicals was calculated to be 54.6 kcal/Mol. The calculated life time of the oxygen radical was 5.3 sec.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 86
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On discute une application à la molécule d'hydrogène d'une version de la méthode AMO avec un facteur de “scaling”. On donne de l'information additionelle sur des calculs antérieurs et on discute surtout le comportement asymptotique.
    Abstract: Es wird eine Anwendung einer Version der AMO-Methode mit Koordinatenstreckungsfaktor an das Wasserstoffmolekül diskutiert. Zusätzliche Information über frühere Berechnungen wird gegeben. Vor allem wird das asymptotische Verhalten untersucht.
    Notes: The scaled version of the AMO method as applied to the hydrogen molecule is discussed. Additional information about previous calculations on H2 with similar approximations together with computations on excited states (states corresponding to the next lowest root of the secular equation) are reported. The asymptotic behaviour is particularly investigated.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 87
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 933-933 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 88
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Le problème de valeurs propres est formulé dans une méthode de la résolvante, basée sur une fonction de reférence ϕ, et une variable complexe E. Ceci mène à un nombre de concepts fondamentaux tels que la fonction d'onde d'essai, l'équation inhomogène et les valeurs moyennes et “de transition” de l'Hamiltonien, d'où l'on définit une “bracketing function” pour l'énergie. Pour éviter les procédés explicites pour tendre à la limite le problème de valeurs propres est reformulé dans le cadre de la méthode de “partitioning”, ce qui méne à une “forme fermée” de la théorie des perturbations d'ordre infini.Le problkme de valeurs propres est considérablement simplifié si 1′Hamiltonien H posséde une constante du mouvement Λ ou des propríétés de symétrie caractérisées par le groupe G = {g}. On pose alors le probléme d'incorporer ces simplifications dans la mkthode de “partitioning” et dans la théorie des perturbations. Dans les deux cas il existe un ensemble de projecteurs {Qk}, qui entrainent une division de l'espace d'Hilbert en sous-espaces mutuellement exclusifs. On démontre, que dans la méthode de “partitioning”, il suffit de considérer un de ces sous-espaces ä la fois, et les résultats sont ensuite, généralisés ä la théorie des perturbations. II résulte que les développements d'ordre fini ne sont pas uniques; on obtient des régles de commutation qui relient les formes différentes. Les résultats d'ordre infinï sont mis dans une forme qui est propre pour le calcul de bornes inférieures et supérieures des valeurs propres de l'énergie.
    Abstract: Das Eigenwertproblem wurde in der Sprache einer Resolventenmethode formuliert, die auf einer Referenzfunktion ϕ, und einem komplexen Veränderlichen E basiert ist. Dieses führt zu einer Reihe von fundamentalen Begriffen wie die Vergleichswellenfunktion, die inhomogene Gleichung und die Mittel- und “Übergangs”-werte des Hamiltonoperators, welche zu einer “bracketing function” für die Energie führen. Urn explizite Grenzüber-gänge zu vermeiden, wurde dann das Eigenwertproblem in der Sprache der “partitioning”-Methode formuliert, was zu einer geschlossenen Form für die Störungstheorie unendlicher Ordnung führt.Das Eigenwertproblem kann ansehnlich vereinfacht werden, wenn der Hamilton-operator eine Bewegungskonstante Λ oder Symmetrie-eigenschaften, die von der Gruppe G = {g} charakterisiert sind, hat. Die Frage ist nun wie diese Vereinfachungen in der “Partitioning”-Methode und in der Störungstheorie aufgenommen werden können. In beiden Fällen existiert ein Satz von Projektionsoperatoren { Qk}, welche zu einer Spaltung des Hilbertraumes in Unterräume führt. Es wurde gezeigt, dass es in der “Partitioning”-Methode hinreichend ist, einen dieser Unterräume zunächst zu betrachten; die Resultate wurden dann zur Störungstheorie verallgemeinert. Es zeigt sich, dass die Entwicklungen endlicher Ordnung nicht einmalig sind; Kommutatorrelationen, die die verschiedene Formen verbinden, wurden hergeleitet. Die Resultate unendlicher Ordnung wurden in einer Form gegeben, die fur die Berechnung oberer und unterer Grenzen der Energie-eigenwerte geeignet sind.
    Notes: After a brief survey of some basic concepts in the theory of linear spaces, the eigenvalue problem is formulated in the resolvent technique based on the introduction of a reference function ϕ and a complex variable E. This leads to a series of fundamental concepts including the trial wave function, the inhomogeneous equation, and finally the transition and expectation values of the Hamiltonian, of which the former renders a “bracketing function” for the energy. In order to avoid the explicit limiting procedures in this approach, the eigenvalue problem is then reformulated in terms of the partitioning technique which, in turn, leads to a closed form of infinite-order perturbation theory.The eigenvalue problem is greatly simplified if the Hamiltonian H has a constant of motion Λ or has symmetry properties characterized by the group G = {g}, and the question is now how these simplifications can be incorporated into the partitioning technique and into perturbation theory. In both cases, there exists a set of projection operators {Qk} which lead to a splitting of the Hilbert space into subspaces which have virtually nothing to do with each other. It is shown that, in the partitioning technique, it is sufficient to consider one of these subspaces at a time, and the results are then generalized to perturbation theory. It turns out that the finite-order expansions are no longer unique, and the commutation rules connecting the various forms are derived. The infinite-order results are finally presented in such a form that they are later suitable for the evaluation of upper and lower bounds to the energy eigenvalues.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 89
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 90
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 751-759 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les calculs des fonctions d'onde électroniques pour les atomes et les molécules à l'aide de la méthode d'interaction des configurations ont été limités en général aux systèmes de base relativement petits à cause de l'accroissement exponentiel du nombre des configurations qui résulte de l'addition de fonctions de base. Dans les fonctions d'onde CI on peut négliger les configurations excitées plus que quadruplement, mais on démontre que l'effet des configurations triplement et quadruplement excitées peut d̊tre inclu, měme quand on néglige les éléments matriciels entre ces configurations, ce qui donne seulement leurs éléments diagonaux et les éléments qui les relient avec les excitations simples et doubles. Cette approximation-ci est pratiquement équivalente à une expression de perturbation du premier ordre pour la fonction d'onde (du second ordre pour l'énergie), basée sur une fonction d'ordre zéro qui est une combinaison linéaire optimale des configurations d'excitation nulle, simple et double. Si l'on emploie des procédés convenables, le travail de calcul nécessaire pour un tel calcul est proportionnel à peu prés à la quatriéme puissance du nombre de fonctions de base, ce qui empěche la phase CI du calcul de croǐtre plus rapidement que les phases comprenant le calcul et la manipulation des intégrales élementaires.
    Abstract: Konfigurationswechselwirkungsberechnungen von elektronischen Wellenfunktionen für Atome und Moleküle werden im allgemeinen zu relativ kleinen Basis-sätzen wegen des exponentiellen Zuwachses der Anzahl der Konfigurationen begrenzt. Mehr als vierfach angeregten Konfiguration sind unbedeutend in den CI-Wellenfunktionen. Es wird aber gezeigt, dass der Effekt der drei- und vierfach angeregten Konfiguration eingeschlossen werden kann, wenn die Matrixelemente zwischen solchen Konfiguration vernachlässigt werden. Dieses lässt nur ihre Diagonalelemente und die Elemente, die sie mit det Einzelund Doppelanregungen verbinden. Diese Annäherung ist beinahe mit einem Störungsausdruck erster Ordnung für die Wellenfunktion (zweiter Ordnung für die Energie) gleichwertig, der auf einer optimalen Linearkombination von Null-, Einzel-, und Doppelanregungskonfigurationen als Funktion nullter Ordnung basiert ist. Mit geeigneten Methoden wird die Rechnungsarbeit in einer solchen Berechnung zur vierten Potenz der Anzahl von Basisfunktionen ungefähr proportional. Dieses verhütet dass die CI-Stufe der Berechnung schneller wächst als die Stufe, die die Berechnung und die Behandlung der Elementarintegrale enthält.
    Notes: Configuration interaction calculations of electronic wave functions for atoms and molecules have generally been limited to relatively small basis sets because of the exponential increase in the number of configurations as basis functions are added. While higher than quadruply excited configurations are of negligible importance in CI wave functions, it is shown that the effect of triple and quadruple excitation configurations can be substantially included even when the matrix elements between such configurations are neglected, leaving only their diagonal elements and the elements connecting them with the single and double excitations. This approximation is seen to be formally practically equivalent to a first-order perturbation expression for the wave function (second-order for the energy) based on an optimum linear combination of the zero, single, and double excitation configurations as the zero-order function. If suitable procedures are used, the amount of computational effort involved in such a calculation is roughly proportional to the fourth power of the number of basis functions employed, thus preventing the CI stage of the calculation from increasing in magnitude much faster than the stages involving the calculation and manipulation of the elementary integrals.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 91
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dans le premier article de cette série de publications sur la liaison d'hydrogène dans quelques systèmes simples avec des électrons π on a traité le complexe pyridine-pyridinium avec la méthode de Pariser-Parr-Pople. Dans le présent article on décrit un calcul semblable du système pyridine-pyrrole, ce qui permet une comparaison entre les résultats théoriques et des données experimentales.
    Abstract: In dem ersten Aufsatz dieser Reihe von Veröffentlichungen über Wasserstoffbrücken in einfachen Systemen mit π-Elektronen wurde der ideale Pyridin-Pyridiniumkomplex mit der Pariser-Parr-Pople-Methode behandelt. In diesem Aufsatz wird eine ähnlicke Berechnung des Pyridin-Pyrrolsystems beschrieben, was eine Vergleichung der theoretischen Resultate mit Experimentellen Tatsachen erlaubt.
    Notes: Previous work in this laboratory concerning the properties of hydrogen bonds in the base pairs of DNA [1-6] has led to considerable interest in the properties of hydrogen bonds in π-electron systems. The first paper in this series [7] has investigated the usefulness of the LCAO-MO-SCF method and the Pariser-Parr-Pople approximation as applied to this problem, by calculation on the ideal pyridine-pyridinium complex. In this paper, a relation with experiment will be established by comparison of the results obtained from this method of calculation with the properties of the experimentally observable pyridine-pyrrol system.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 92
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 49-54 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dans l'équation de Schrödinger la contribution locale de l'énergie cinétique est parfois négative. Cependant cela permet un potential conservatif ce qui n'est pas le cas avec la contribution locale de l'énergie cinétique, proposée récemment par Ruedenberg. L'énergie cinétique totale évaluée dans certains volumes caractéristiques et dans l'espace entire est identique dans les deux cas. Partant d'une proposition de Dirac de 1962, qui représente l'électron par une “surface de bulle”, on fait ici un essai de grande portée mais incomplet, pour identifier l'énergie cinétique extérieure avec un effet relativiste du premier ordre tandis qu'on attribue l'energie intérieure, qui constitue la différence entre les quantités de Schrödinger et de Ruedenberg, à des oscillations de la surface.
    Abstract: In der Schrödingergleichung ist der lokale Beitrag der kinetischen Energie zuweilen negativ. Diese Formulierung gestattet aber ein konservatives Potential, was nicht mit der neulich von Ruedenberg vorgeschlagenen Alternative möglich ist. Die totale kinetische Energie in gewissen characteristischen Volumen und im ganzen Raum berechnet, ist in beiden Fällen dieselbe. Es wird ein von Dirac in 1962 vorgeschlagenes Modell, das das Elektron als eine “Blasenoberfläche” repräsentiert, angewendet. Dieses führt zu einem weitgehenden aber unvollständigen Versuch, die äussere kinetische Energie mit einem relativistischen Effekt erster Ordnung zu identifizieren, und die innere Energie, die die Differenz zwischen Schrödinger's und Ruedenberg's Modellen ausmacht, mit der Oszillationen der Oberfläche zuzuordnen.
    Notes: In Schrödinger's equation, the local contribution to the kinetic energy is sometimes negative, but it allows a conservative potential in contrast to an alternative, never negative, energy proposed by Ruedenberg. The total kinetic energy evaluated in certain characteristic volumes, and in all of space, is identical in the two cases. Dirac's suggestion in 1962 of a bubble-surface representing the electron is applied in a far-reaching, but incomplete, attempt to identify external kinetic energy with a first-order relativistic effect and the internal energy constituting the difference between Schrödinger and Ruedenberg's proposals is related to oscillations of the surface.
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  • 93
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 101-107 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: F. Rellich et T. Kato ont donné des limites inférieures pour le rayon de convergence dans la théorie des perturbations de Rayleigh-Schrödinger, si l'opérateur de perturbation est borné relativement à l'Hamiltonien non perturbé. On démontre ici qu'on peut généralement améliorer ces limites inférieures.
    Abstract: F. Rellich und T. Kato haben untere Schranken für den Konvergenzradius in der Rayleigh-Schrödingerschen Störungstheorieangegeben, wenn der Störungsoperator bezüglich des Ǔngertörten Hamiltonoperators beschränkt ist. Es wird hier gezeigt, dass diese unteren Schranken in Allgemeinen verbessert werden können.
    Notes: F. Rellich and T. Kato have given lower bounds for the convergence radius of Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory, if the perturbation operator is bounded relative to the unperturbed Hamiltonian. It is shown here that these lower bounds can usually be improved.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 94
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 89-99 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On présente une méthode pour évaluer la contribution du recouvrement des éléments de matrice entre des déterminants de Slater construits à partir de produits de spin-orbitales non-orthogonales. Cette méthode est basée sur une formulation employant les co-facteurs de la matrice. On donne des prescriptions pour le calcul rapide des co-facteurs nécessaires. Cette méthode est très convenable pour l'évaluation des intégrales comportant des opérateurs à un, deux et trois électrons, tels que l'on retrouve dans les calculs des interactions de configurations, des matrices de densité, des fonctions des coordonnées interélectroniques, etc.
    Abstract: Es wird eine Methode für die Berechnung des Überlappungs beitrags der Matrizenelemente zwischen Slaterdeterminanten beschrieben, die von nicht-orthogonalen Spin-orbitalen konstruiert sind. In dieser Methode werden die algebraischen Komplemente der Überlappningsmatrize angewendet. Vorschriften für die schnelle Berechnung der notwendigen Komplemente werden beschrieben. Die Methode ist speziell gut geeignet für die Berechnung solcher Integrale über Ein-, Zwei-, und Drei-Elektronenoperatoren, die man in Konfigurationswechselwirkungsberechnungen, Dichtematrixberechnungen, Berechnungen mit Funtionen von interelektronischen Koordinaten, etc., braucht.
    Notes: A method is presented for evaluating the overlap contribution to matrix elements over Slater determinantal wave functions formed from products of nonorthogonal spin orbitals. The method utilizes the overlap cofactor formulation for matrix elements. Prescriptions are given for rapid computation of the necessary cofactors. The method is particularly well suited to the evaluation of integrals over one-, two-, and three-electron operators, such as are encountered in conventional configuration interaction calculations, density matrix evaluations, calculations using functions of interelectronic coordinates, etc.
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  • 95
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 109-128 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L'état fondamental des systèmes atomiques à deux électrons est décrit par des fonctions variationelles “échellonnées” de type \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} et \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} Le “scale factor” k a été introduit pour satisfaire au théorème du viriel. Sauf l'énergie totale, on a calculé les valeurs moyennes de plusieurs opérateurs à un électron. Ces résultats ont été comparés aux ceux obtenus avec d'autres fonctions variationelles.La fonction φαk déjà représente une bonne approximation de la solution Hartree-Fock, tandis qu'avec la fonction φβαk les résultats Hartree-Fock sont pratiquement reproduits.
    Abstract: Variationsfunktionen mit einem Koordinatenstreckungsfaktor k, von der Form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} und \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} werden auf den Grundzustand atomarer Zweielektronensysteme angewendet. Der Faktor k wird eingeführt um dem Virialsatz zu befriedigen.Ausser der Energie werden Mittelwerte von mehreren Einelektronoperatoren berechnet und mit entsprechenden Resultaten für andere Variationsfunktionen verglichen.Die Funktion φαk schon representiert eine gute Annäherung zu der Hartree-Fock-Lösung, während mit der Funktion φβαk die Hartree-Fock-Resultate praktisch reproduziert werden.
    Notes: Scaled variational functions of the form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $\end{document}, where Z is the nuclear charge and α is a parameter, and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $\end{document}, where both α and β are parameters, are used for the description of the ground state of atomic two-electron systems in the independent particle model. The scale factor k has been introduced in order to satisfy the virial theorem.Apart from the energy, a number of one-electron expectation values have been calculated and the results are compared with those obtained from other variational functions.The function φαk yields already a good approximation to the Hartree-Fock solution whereas with the function φβαk the Hartree-Fock results are practically reproduced.
    Additional Material: 13 Tab.
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  • 96
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Jusqu ici les calculs des orbitales moléculaires des états électroniques des cristaux linéaires mixtes ont été restreints aux systèmes binaires tels que AB, AB2 et A2B2. Dans le présent ouvrage on généralise ces calculs aux cristaux, dont les cellules élementaires contiennent un nombre arbitraire d'atomes différents dans une suite ordonnée quelconque. La formulation de cette théorie généralisée est basée sur la méthode de la résolvante. Bien que cette méthode permette une discussion des propriétés générales des états délocalisés et localisés, on peut aussi déduire des équations générales les cas plus simples, qui sont déjà résolus dans la littérature. De plus la classification des états de Tamm et de Shockley garde sa signification, měme dans le cas où il existe aussi d'autres types d'états. Comme dans les études précédentes les états de chémisorption sont associés à des états de surface; ils ont aussi des propriétés semblables. La méthode de la résolvante est résumée dans l'appendice. On discute le rapport entre cette méthode-ci et la téchnique de partition.
    Abstract: Bis nun sind Molekülorbitalberechnungen für die elektronischen Zustände linearer, gemischter Kristallen zu binären Systemen wie AB, AB2 und A2B2 begrenzt worden. In diesem Aufsatz werden diese Berechnungen zu solchen Kristallen ausgestreckt, deren Elementarzellen eine beliebige Anzahl verschiedener Atomen in eine beliebige, geordnete Fofge enthalten. Die Formulierung dieser verallgemeinerten Theorie ist auf der Resolvent-methode basiert. Obgleich man mit dieser Methode allgemeine Eigenschaften delokalisierter und lokalisierter Zustände diskutieren kann, können auch die einfachen Fälle, die schon in der Literatur gelöst sind, von der allgemeinen Gleichungen hergeleitet werden. Die Klassifikation der Tamm und Shockley Zustände behaltet ihre Bedeutung, eben wenn andere Arten von Zuständen existieren können. Wie in früheren Studien werden die Chemisorptionszustände mit Oberflächenzustände korreliert. Sie haben auch ähnliche Eigenschaften. Die Resolventmethode wird im Appendix zusammengefasst. Ihre Verbindung mit der Partitionsmethode wird gezeigt.
    Notes: Up to now molecular-orbital calculations of the electronic states of linear mixed crystals have been concerned only with binary systems such as AB, AB2, and A2B2. The purpose of the present treatment is to extend this work to crystals whose elementary cells contain any number of different atoms in any ordered sequence. The formulation of this general theory is based on the resolvent method. Although the approach enables the general properties of delocalized and localized states to be discussed, the more simple cases already solved in the literature can still be easily derived from the general equations. Furthermore, the classification of Tamm and Shockley states retains its significance, even when other kinds of states can occur and various transitions between the clear cut cases can exist. As in earlier investigations, the chemisorption states are related to surface states and have similar properties. The resolvent method is summarized in the Appendix and its connection with the partition technique is shown.
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  • 97
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les calculs HMO généralisé (EHMO) et Pople-Segal SCF-MO-CNDO/2 sur la purine, la 8-oxopurine, la 2-oxopurine, la 2-fluoropurine, et la 2-chloropurine indiquent qu'il y a des polarisations importantes dans les coeurs σ. On démontre que les polarisations des squeĺettes π et σ s'opposent mutuellement dans certains cas. Les résultats des deux méthodes sont comparés pour ces biomolécules-ci. On trouve que les calculs EHMO ont une tendance é exagérer la polarisation des squelettes π et σ. Des calculs CNDO il résulte des densités π abinakes syr N(7) et C(8) des anneaux de la purine; la raison de cette anomalie n'est pasconnue.
    Abstract: Die verallgemeinerten HMO (EHMO) und Pople-Segal SCF-MO-CNDO/2-Berechnungen fü Purin, 8-Oxopurin, 2-Oxopurin, 2-Fluoropurin, und 2-Chloropurin zeigen bedeutsame Polarisationen in den σ-Gerüsten. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Polarisationen der π- und σ-Gerüste in gewissen Fallen entgegensetzt snd. Die resultate der beiden Methoden Werden für diese Biomoleküle verglichen. Man findet dass die EHMO-Berechnungen eine Tendenz haben die Polarisation der π- und σ-Gerüste zu übertreiben. Die CRMO-Berechnung gibt anomale π-Elektronendichten auf N(7) und C8 der Purinringe; die Ursache dieser Anomalie ist nicht bekannt.Die Anwendung der Resultate auf das Xanthin-Oxidase-System zeigt dass die Substratmoleküle einer besonderen Orientierung auf der Enzymoberfläche unterworfen sind, was der elektronischen Reaktivität zuwiderhandelt. Dieses stimmt mit der Vorhersage der π-Elektronen-berechnungen überein. In diesem Fall scheinen die CNDO-Resultate befriedigender als die der EHMO-Berechnungen zu sein.
    Notes: The extended HMO (EHMO) and Pople-Segal SCF-MO-CNDO/2 calculations on purine, 8-oxopurine, 2-oxopurine, 2-fluoropurine, and 2-chloropurine indicate significant polarizations of the σ cores. It is shown that the polarizations of both σ and π frameworks are mutually opposing in some cases. The results from the two methods are compared for these complex biomolecules. It is found that the EHMO calculations tend to over-polarize the σ and π frameworks. However, the CNDO shows anomalous π-electron densities on N(7) and C(8) of the purine rings, and the reason for this anomaly is not certain.The application of the results to the xanthine oxidase system indicates that the substrate molecules are subject to a specific orientation on the enzyme surface to counteract the electronic reactivity, in support of the previous prediction based on the π-electron calculations. The CNDO results appear to be more satisfactory than the EHMO in this respect.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 98
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 483-508 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: La méthode de “orbitales différents” (DODS) est reformulée dans le cadre de la théorie des champs. Pour un systéme infini DODS décrit un état antiferromagnétique et pour décrire cet ordre des spins on introduit une factorisation d'un type décrit par Gorkov. On déduit une équation pour le gap correspondant. Une solution non nulle de cette équation indique la présence d'un ordre à longue portée dans le système. Cette formulation est assez générale pour rendre DODS comme un cas spécial. On démontre qu'on peut aussi obtenir une solution ferrimagnétique et une autre de type “onde de densité”.Un type d'antiferromagnétisme est décrit par un état nommé par Overhauser “onde de densité de spin” (SDW); il peut également ětre formulé dans le langage de la théorie des champs. On discute les ressemblances et les différences entre DODS et SDW. Les expressions des énergies des deux états sont données dans le cadre de l'approximation de Hartree-Fock.On propose d'employer l'état SDW pour discuter le problème de corrélation dans les molécules de měme que la méthode DODS.
    Abstract: Es wurde eine feldtheoretische Formulierung der Methode “verschiedene Orbitalen für verschiedene Spins” (DODS) gegeben. Für ein unendliches System beschreibt DODS einen antiferromagnetischen Zustand; um diese Spinordnung zu erklären wurde eine Gorkovfaktorisierung eingeführt. Eine dazu entsprechende Gleichung für den “gap” wurde hergeleitet; eine nichtverschwindende Lösung dieser Gleichung deutet das Vorhandensein einer “long-range” Ordnung im System an. Die Formulierung ist allgemeiner als DODS und gibt DODS als einen Spezialfall. Man kann auch eine ferrimagnetische Lösung und eine “Dichtewellenlösung” herleiten.Ein Typ von Antiferromagnetismus ist von dem Overhauserschen “Spindichte-wellen”-Zustand (SDW) beschrieben; dieser kann auch in einer feldtheoretischen Sprache formuliert werden. Die Ähnlichkeiten und die Unterschiede zwischen DODS und SDW werden diskutiert. Die Energieausdrücke der beiden Zustände werden in der Hartree-Fock-schen Approximation gegeben.Es wurde vorgeschlagen, den SDW-Zustand für das Korrelationsproblem in Molekülen zu benutzen, so wie die DODS-Methode zu diesem Zweck benutzt worden ist.
    Notes: A field theoretical formulation is given for the method of different orbitals for different spins (DODS). For an infinite system DODS describes an antiferromagnetic state and to account for this spin ordering a Gorkov-type of factorization is introduced. A corresponding gap equation is derived, where a non-zero solution indicates the presence of long-range order in the system. Actually the formulation given is general enough as to render DODS as a special case. As shown, we may also obtain a ferrimagnetic as well as a density wave state solution depending on the special characteristics of the system at hand.A related type of antiferromagnetism is described by the Overhauser spin density wave (SDW) state and also this theory is formulated in a field theoretical language. The similarities and differences between DODS and SDW are discussed. The energy expressions for the two states are given within the Hartree-Fock approximation.It is proposed that the SDW state could be used to partly account for the correlation problem in molecules, as well as the method of DODS which has previously been employed for that purpose.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 99
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    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 563-563 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 651-662 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On propse comme une modification de la méthode SCF-MO-LCGO, une méthode qualitative et on traite le naphthaléne comme illustration. Les rèsultats de ce calcul sont en bon accord avec l'experience. On discute les avantages de la mèthode proposée pour les calculs de la chimie quantique.
    Abstract: Eine Modifikation des SCF-MO-LCGO-Verfahrens in Form einer qualitativen ab initio Methode wird angegeben und als testrechnung auf Naphthalin angewendet. Die Ergebnisse stehen im Einklang mit der Erfahrung. In diesem Zusammenhang wird das Verfahre in den allgemeinen Rahmen gestellt und seine Möglichkeiten diskutiert.
    Notes: A modification of the SCF-MO-LCGO method is proposed in the form of a qualitative ab initio method. Naphthalene is treated as a test case; good agreement between calculated and experiemental results is obtained. The capabilities of the method for quantum-chemical calculations are discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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