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  • 1985-1989
  • 1975-1979  (159)
  • 1975  (159)
  • Engineering  (84)
  • Ultrastructure  (75)
  • 101
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    Electronic Resource
    Thermomechanical response of inelastic fibre composites (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A theoretical formulation and the analysis of heat conducting fibre-reinforced structures are shown herein. Viscoelastoplastic behaviour at infinitesimal strain is considered in the context of non-equilibrium irreversible thermodynamics. To demonstrate the theory, a fibre-reinforced cylindrical rod subjected to a dynamic axial load is solved via the finite elements. Strain hardening of both fibres and matrix media is incorporated in the analysis. The results clarify the relationships of energy dissipation resulting from viscoelasticity, plasticity, or the combined effects with respect to orientation of the fibres.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090113
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  • 102
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    Use of the over-relaxation technique in the simulation of large groundwater basins by the finite element method (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 219-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The over-relaxation technique has been used in conjunction with the finite element method in a regional time-dependent simulation of the subsidence of Venice. One year of computer experiments have shown that in basins with a ratio h/R ≤ 10-2 between the vertical and the horizontal dimension, the over-relaxation technique can lead to unsatisfactory results. In single precision and for relatively large time steps, the solution of the final linear system can be inaccurate if the optimum over-relaxation factor ω is not correctly assessed. In transient analyses, instability can also occur. The latter may be avoided by properly reducing the time step or by switching to double precision. Steady state simulations can also require double precision to provide accurate results even when the best ω is used. Instability and inaccuracy disappear in basins for which h/R ≥ 10-1. In addition the processor time diminishes significantly as in this case the number of iterations necessary to obtain a good solution is considerably smaller than the order of the matrix.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090116
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  • 103
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    A note to the ‘alpha’ constant stiffening method (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 252-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090121
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  • 104
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    Local least squares stress smoothing for parabolic isoparametric elements (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 235-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090117
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  • 105
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    On computations involving stiffness matrices stored in rectangular form (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 250-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090120
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  • 106
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    The method of moments and its optimization (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 337-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The method of moments is a semidiscrete numerical method for solving partial differential equations. The method approximates the solution of a partial differential equation by a finite sum of products of two functions. One function in the product is an unknown function of a single variable and the other function (moment function) is a prescribed function in the remaining variables. Using variational technique we obtain a finite system of boundary value problems of ordinary differential equations for the unknown functions.The main goal of this paper is the study of the theoretical background and numerical effectiveness of the method of moments for solving linear partial differential equations on rectangular-like domains.The mathematical formulation of the method together with error estimates and the theory of optimal moment functions are given. If for the one-dimensional moment functions piecewise polynomials of degree K are used then finite element type error bounds are obtained for the approximate solution in two dimensions.We also consider the numerical implementation of the method through the factorization method and efficient initial value methods. Several numerical examples showing the efficiency of the method are presented.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090206
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  • 107
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    Calculation of the elastic buckling loads of thin flat reinforced plates using triangular finite elements (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 415-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Details are given of a finite element scheme for the determination of the elastic buckling loads of thin flat plates of arbitrary shape under general kinematic and traction boundary conditions. The buckling loads are calculated using a triangular finite element with corner connections which is based on a previously derived variational principle combining both stresses and displacements. Numerical solutions are presented to a number of example problems, including plates with reinforcing members, and comparisons are made, where possible, with results from the finite element analyses of other authors and with exact or classical Rayleigh-Ritz solutions.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090210
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  • 108
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    Minimization of load reduction in pipe networks subject to interrupted supply (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 477-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper considers the question of reduction of loads on a pipe network, which may be necessary as a result of failure in supply or interruption of a pipe. The non-linear relationship between pressure loss and flow along a pipe makes the problem of minimizing the reduction of loads also non-linear. An iterative linear approximation technique is therefore adopted. When the question is formulated as a problem in linear programming, the constraints include nodal pressures as well as loads. It is shown how the number of these constraints may be reduced.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090214
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  • 109
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    Author's Reply. On a combined sturm sequence and inverse iteration technique for eigenproblem solution of spinning structuresK. K. Gupta, ‘On a combined Sturm sequence and inverse iteration technique for eigenproblem solution of spinning structures’, Int. J. num. Meth. Enging, [7], 509-518 (1973). (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 490-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090217
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  • 110
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    Masthead (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090301
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  • 111
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    A finite element method for the general solution of ordinary differential equations (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 551-561 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element method is developed by which it is possible to obtain the general solution of an ordinary differential equation directly. The procedure consists of approximating the differential equation with a rectangular matrix equation and of solving the latter equation by using generalized matrix inversion. It is shown in the paper that the homogeneous and inhomogeneous solutions of the two systems correspond and that the approximate solutions produced form the complete general solution of the original differential equation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090305
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  • 112
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    Alternate hybrid stress finite element models (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 601-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Alternate hybrid stress finite element models in which the internal equilibrium equations are satisfied on the average only, while the equilibrium equations along the interelement boundaries and the static boundary conditions are adhered to exactly a priori, are developed. The variational principle and the corresponding finite element formulation, which allows the standard direct stiffness method of structural analysis to be used, are discussed. Triangular elements for a moderately thick plate and a doubly-curved shallow thin shell are developed. Kinematic displacement modes, convergence criteria and bounds for the direct flexibility-influence coefficient are examined.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090308
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  • 113
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    A comparison of time marching schemes for the transient heat conduction equation (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 679-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper investigates the phenomenon of ‘noise’ which is common in most time-dependent problems. The emphasis is on the achievable accuracy that is obtained with various time-stepping algorithms and how this can be improved if noise is artificially damped to an acceptable level. A series of experiments are made where the space domain is discretized using the finite element method and the variation with time is approximated by several finite difference methods. The conclusion is reached that the Crank-Nicolson scheme with a simple averaging process is superior to the other methods investigated.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090314
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  • 114
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    Complex variables, G. Polya and G. Latta, Wiley, New York, 1974, No. of pages: 334. Price: £6·75 (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 732-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090321
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  • 115
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    Announcements (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 734-735 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090325
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  • 116
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    Three dimensional analysis of compressible potential flows with the finite element method (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 775-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Solutions of elliptic boundary value problems are obtained with variational formulations by minimization of functionals.Conventional tools of the finite element strategy are emphasized; linear or quadratic approximations on triangular elements, curved iso-parametric elements, Ni shape funtions, Li homogeneous co-ordinates. High speed of computation of the final assembled matrices require the use of the Formal-FORMAC calculus. Illusrations of the finite element method are chosen in the class of the 2d-3d compressible subsonic irrotational flows in a nozzle and around one or several lifting bodies of arbitary shape.
    Additional Material: 40 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090404
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  • 117
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    Higher order finite element methods for the solution of compressible porous bearing problems (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 903-911 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Finite element methods are used to solve hydrodynamic lubrication problems involving compressible lubricants and porous bearing solids. The particular calculation scheme permits solution at high compressibility numbers (Λ 〉 100) to be obtained without any numerical difficulty. Finite element and finite difference results for the porous, gas lubricated journal bearing are presented and compared.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090409
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  • 118
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    Announcements (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 492-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090221
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  • 119
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    Optimal frequency-weight computations for a disc (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 509-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper describes the computational aspects of an earlier analytical study1,2 of the problem of maximizing a linear combination of the natural frequencies of vibration of a turbine disc idealization subject to weight and fabrication constraints. The problem was formulated as an optimal control problem and solutions to the adjoint equations of the Pontryagin formalism obtained using perturbation techniques. These techniques transformed the problem to a non-linear program. This paper gives detailed computational solutions to the non-linear program which is characterized by pockets of relative optima. In addition, the dual problem of minimizing the weight subject to a frequency constraint is considered within the optimal control framework. The duality results are confirmed computationally for the two non-linear programs.A description of some practical procedures for improving the convergence characteristics of these highly non-linear programs is included.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090303
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  • 120
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    The application of node-element rules for forecasting problems in the generation of finite element meshes (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 617-629 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The number of equations which relate the mesh parameters (number of nodes, number of elements etc.) to each other is smaller than the number of unknowns contained therein. These rules are only applicable when several parameters of a defined mesh are known, but are unsuitable for use in the particularly interesting field of mesh projection unless additional inter-relationships can be found. Such relationships are given for uniform meshes in which besides the characteristics of the element type the ‘solidity value’ of the structure plays an important role.The equations are derived for two-dimensional triangular and quadrilateral elements and also for three-dimensional tetrahedral and hexahedral elements. The fact that these relationships are also suitable for estimating the parameters of any non-uniform mesh, discloses a wide field of application in the management of storage and in the control of programs for automatic mesh generation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090309
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  • 121
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    An iterative improvement for non-conforming bending elementsCrown copyright. Any views expressed in this article are not necessarily those of the Department of the Environment. Extracts from the text may be reproduced, except for commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged. This is the first publication of this article but since the author is a British Civil Servant his work is covered by Crown copyright. Reproduced by permission of Her Britannic Majesty's Stationery Office. (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 641-648 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method is described whereby the formulation for non-conforming bending elements includes the work dissipated across the inter-element boundaries. For the examples considered, this correction is shown to lead to a significant improvement in accuracy at little extra cost. Since the solution procedure is based on an iterative technique, the method would be particularly suitable if applied to non-linear problems.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090311
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  • 122
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    Creeping flow in rectangular ducts by finite element method (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 727-731 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090319
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  • 123
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    Call for papers (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 733-733 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090324
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  • 124
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    Masthead (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090401
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  • 125
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    Redundant structure concepts in finite element analyses (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 765-773 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper examines two triangular finite elements used in plate bending analyses for which Lagrange multiplier techniques have been used to set up the necessary equations for the solution. These equations involve either equilibrium of the system or the inter-element compatibility. Starting from only the notions of equilibrium and continuity as used in the analyses of redundant structures, the paper proceeds to solutions of the same problems. It is found that end results are the same when the equations obtained from the minimization techniques are reduced by Gauss-elimination in partitioned from.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090403
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  • 126
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    Spectral analysis using Fourier Transform techniques (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 869-902 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The present study is intended as a guide for those who wish to undertake spectral analyses using Discrete Fast Fourier Transforms. Points of particular difficulty in using Fourier Transforms are derived in some detail. Experimental results are offered to illustrate the mathematical derivations. Finally the case of a signal with discontinuities along the time-axis is discussed.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090408
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  • 127
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    Some observations on properties of certain mixed finite element approximations (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 933-938 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090412
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  • 128
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    A mixed finite element method for bending of plates (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 1-15 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple mixed finite element method is developed. The finite element is a rectangular triangle and rectangle. In the element the deflections are assumed to be simple four-element polynomials, bending moments, Mx and My with a partially linear distribution, and a constant, Mxy, expressed in terms of the node deflections. The element matrix is of the order of 8 × 8. It is derived in a common engineering way. The unknowns are the deflections at the nodes and mid-diagonal, the two moments at the end of the diagonal and the two moments on the cathetus. The results obtained by this method show good convergence and an improvement in the accuracy of the moments as well as in the deflections, compared with results obtained by similar methods, such as those of Herrmann.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090102
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  • 129
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    Finite difference solution for circular plates on elastic foundations (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 73-84 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In the present work the authors have developed a finite difference method of analysis for any circular plate with any kind of loading on semi-infinite elastic foundations. No assumption regarding the contact pressure distribution has been made. The equations have been developed in non-dimensional form and also the results have been obtained in non-dimensional form. These results have been compared with the available experimental results and the agreement between them is found to be much better than that of the previous works. The same method with slight modification can be applied for Winkler type foundations and problems of circular plates with varying thickness.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090107
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  • 130
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    Numerical stability in quasi-static elasto/visco-plasticity (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 109-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The numerical stability of simple marching schemes used in elasto/visco-plasticity is investigated. An assumption of convexity renders possible the derivation of a theoretical stability criterion based on the identification of the numerical process with the integration of a non-linear, first order, system of ordinary differential equations. Explicit stability criteria are obtained for commonly used visco-plastic laws. Selected examples illustrate the necessity and effectiveness of the proposed stability criteria in actual computations.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090110
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    On the method of virtual crack extensions (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 187-207 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The measurement of energy release rates using virtual crack extensions has been made using finite element techniques. An economic and accurate technique for calculating energy changes due to any number of virtual tip changes is presented. Mixed-mode situations can be dealt with by observing the direction of maximum energy release rate. Examples are given including various cracks in a plate in tension, a curving crack in a general two-dimensional shape, and a three-dimensional crack in a plate.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090114
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  • 132
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    On the numerical solution of free boundary problems (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 239-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090118
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  • 133
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    Announcements (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 253-256 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090123
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  • 134
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    Panel flutter optimization by gradient projection (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 271-296 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A gradient projection optimal control algorithm incorporating conjugate gradient directions of search is described and applied to several minimum weight panel design problems subject to a flutter speed constraint. New numerical solutions are obtained for both simply-supported and clamped homogeneous panels of infinite span for various levels of inplane loading and minimum thickness. The minimum thickness inequality constraint is enforced by a simple transformation of variables.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090203
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  • 135
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    Finite element formulations for large deformation dynamic analysis (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 353-386 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Starting from continuum mechanics principles, finite element incremental formulations for non-linear static and dynamic analysis are reviewed and derived. The aim in this paper is a consistent summary, comparison, and evaluation of the formulations which have been implemented in the search for the most effective procedure. The general formulations include large displacements, large strains and material non-linearities. For specific static and dynamic analyses in this paper, elastic, hyperelastic (rubber-like) and hypoelastic elastic-plastic materials are considered. The numerical solution of the continuum mechanics equations is achieved using isoparametric finite element discretization. The specific matrices which need be calculated in the formulations are presented and discussed. To demonstrate the applicability and the important differences in the formulations, the solution of static and dynamic problems involving large displacements and large strains are presented.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090207
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  • 136
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    Finite element analysis of the motion of a gas-liquid interface in a forous medium (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 433-448 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical method is outlined for determining the movement of a gas-liquid interface in a porous medium following the withdrawal of gas from an underground reservoir. The governing equations for the flow of both gas and the underlying liquid are formulated in terms of the finite element process using the Galerkin approach. The method consists of an iterative technique in which solution of the basic equations is dependent on the location of the interface. Cubic isoparametric elements are employed to allow accurate modelling of the curved boundary and to provide a relatively large number of interface points for a small number of elements. Extensions of the method are indicated in the text.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090211
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  • 137
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    On the numerical solution of certain problems in finite elasticity by the finite element method (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 483-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090215
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  • 138
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    Structural mechanics computer programs - surveys, assessments, and availability, edited by Walter D. Pilkey, Kenneth Saczalski and Harry G. Schaeffer, The University Press of Virginia, Box 3608 University Station, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, 1105 pp., $20 (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 491-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090219
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  • 139
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    Non-linear dynamic analysis of axisymmetric shells (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 535-550 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Incremental equations of motion are derived from a Lagrangian variational formulation for the large displacement elastic-plastic and elastic-viscoplastic dynamic analysis of deformable bodies. The material constitutive behaviour is described in terms of the symmetric Piola-Kirchhoff stress and Lagrangian strain tensors. Degenerate isoparametric elements, permitting relaxation of the Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis, are used in a finite element formulation specialized for the analysis of shells of revolution subjected to axisymmetric loading. The linearized incremental equations of motion are solved using direct integration procedures, with added accuracy obtained from application of equilibrium correction at each step. The effectiveness of the numerical techniques is illustrated by the dynamic response analyses carried out on a shallow spherical cap subjected to uniform external step pressure loadings.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090304
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  • 140
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    A Fortran program to generate finite difference formulas (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 581-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A discretization process is described by which it is possible to generate finite difference formulas for arbitrary linear two-dimensional partial differential equations. The process is based on a novel approach to finite difference analysis in which differential operators are approximated by rectangular matrices. In this approach, the discrete form of a complicated operator is obtained by performing simple numerical operations on elementary matrix factors. The analysis is augmented by a listing of a computer program based on the method for the automatic generation of finite difference formulas.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090307
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  • 141
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    Velocity potential computation by finite differences for compressible flow in ducts (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 631-639 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Preliminary studies of computation with velocity potential are made with a view to the analysis of complex three-dimensional flows. The methods used are applicable more generally to quasilinear elliptic problems with derivative boundary conditions on irregular domains. Second order finite difference approximations are constructed in simple form for plane ducts of general shape by using an irregular net. Derivative boundary conditions are handled quite easily. An iterative method is described which corresponds to freezing the coefficients in the quasilinear differential equation for velocity potential. The discretization is such that this is a ‘generalized Newton’ method for the non-linear algebraic equations. Good convergence has been found in practice even when there are small supersonic zones. The discretization accuracy is tested by comparisons with the exact solution for incompressible flow between confocal hyperbolas.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090310
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  • 142
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    Heat transfer during fluidized-bed coating (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 669-678 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A fully implicit numerical method for linear parabolic free boundary problems with coupled and integral boundary conditions is described. The partial differential equation and the boundary conditions are time discretized with the method of lines. An auxiliary function is introduced to remove the coupled and integral boundary conditions from the resulting free boundary problem for ordinary differential equations. Once separated boundary conditions are obtained, invariant imbedding is used to solve the free boundary problem numerically. The method is illustrated by solving the heat transfer equations for the fluidized-bed coating of a thin-walled cylinder.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090313
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  • 143
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    A computational method for optimal structural design II: Continuous problems (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 649-667 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method for solving structural design problems that allows a continuous distribution of material along structural elements is presented. The method is an extension of the generalized steepest descent method presented in Reference 1. Inequality constraints on design variables, displacement, natural frequency, and buckling are explicitly treated and a minimum weight cost function is employed. A steepest descent method for boundary-value state equations is developed and a computational algorithm is given. Several example problems in minimum weight structural design are solved and compared with results obtained by discretization techniques.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090312
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  • 144
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    Difference operator for variable stiffness plates (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 701-709 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A symmetric central finite difference operator is derived for the small deflection analysis of transversely loaded, ‘thin’, elastic plates, whose stiffnesses vary as functions of the in-plane co-ordinates. The operator is written here in Cartesian co-ordinates for a square mesh, but the same technique can also be used to construct an operator for a rectangular mesh.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090316
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  • 145
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    Stability criteria for two finite element schemes for parabolic equation (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 721-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090318
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  • 146
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    Numerical Analysis, Roger Temam. D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrcht, 1973 (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 733-733 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090323
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  • 147
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    Convergence of finite element solutions in viscous flow problemsThe research reported in this paper was supported by Institute de Alta Cultura, Lisboa (Projecto TLE/4). (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 739-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090402
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  • 148
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    A general quadrilateral plate element (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 855-868 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The stiffness matrix and consistent nodal load vector for a general quadrilateral plate element are developed for both in-plane and bending analysis. The basis chosen for the development is the hybrid stress method because iit has been shown to produce results of relatively high accuracy.iiit employs only primary nodes andiiiall integration required in the derivations can be achieved in closed form.Various numerical examples, relating to both plane stress and bending conditions, are considered in order to establish the validity and generality of the derivations.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090407
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  • 149
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    The economical solution of elastic problem for a range of Poisson's ratio (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 847-853 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper an economical method for calculating the stress and displacement fields in an elastic body for a range of Poission's ratios is given. The solution is expanded as a power series in Poission's ratio, the coefficients of the series being determined successively. The range of convergence of the solution is examined, and it is shown that the power series converges for values of Poission's ratio in the range zero to a half, provided a suitable point of expansion is chosen. Particular features of the method are firstly that only one effective inversion of the stiffness matrix, for Poission's ratio zero, is required to obtain the solution for all Poission's ratio and secondly that no special formulation for an incompressible material is required.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090406
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  • 150
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    Average and complete incompressibility in the finite element method (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 925-932 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The constraint of incompressibility is incorporated into the finite element method for plane strain through the use of a Lagrange multiplier. Depending on the approximating function chosen for this multiplier, the constraint condition can be satisfied everywhere within the element or only in an average sense for the entire element. A study of these two approaches from the point of view of rate of convergence and computer time is presented.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090411
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    Masthead (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090101
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  • 152
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    Effect of shear deformations and rotary inertia on optimum beam frequencies (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 51-62 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Accounting for shear deformations and rotary inertia effects, necessary condition for optimum fundamental frequency of a vibrating beam of constant volume and with a given distribution of non-structural mass, is obtained through the calculus of variations. Minimum cross-section of the beam is controlled by the introduction of an inequality constraint. A finite element displacement formulation is then used in an iterativve manner to arrive at the optimum fundamental frequency and the corresponding material distribution for the discretized beam models with various boundary conditions. A comparison is then made with the corresponding results of an Euler beam.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090105
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    Finite elements on the basis of continuum mechanics (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 129-147 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The formulation of finite element models on the basis of different variational principles is reviewed. The degrees-of-freedom of the elements are defined in an abstract way without the help of nodal points. In this manner it is possible to describe elements of arbitrary shape and accuracy. The formulation is confined to linear elasto-statics. For two-dimensional structures two hybrid element models are developed using Legendre polynomials on the element boundaries. Examples of plane stress problems are used to test the generation of convergence by increasing the accuracy of the elements vs. by increasing the number of elements.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090111
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    Crack tip finite elements are unnecessaryOne of the journal editors and the referees of this paper had differing views on the title of this paper. The authors have left it in its original form to sitmulate discussion. (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 495-507 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is shown that a singularity occurs in isoparametric finite elements if the mid-side nodes are moved sufficiently from their normal position. By choosing the mid-side node positions on standard isoparametric elements so that the singularity occurs exactly at the corner of an element it is possible to obtain quite accurate solutions to the problem of determining the stress intensity at the tip of a crack. The solutions compare favourably with those obtained using some types of special crack tip elements, but are not as accurate as those given by a crack tip element based on the hybrid principle. However, the hybrid elements are more difficult to use.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090302
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    Linear equality constraints in finite element approximationThis paper was presented at the Seventh U.S. National Congress of Applied Mechanics, University of Colorado, 3-7 June, 1974. (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 563-580 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The typical numerical problem associated with finite element approximations is a quadratic programming problem with linear equality constraints. When nodal variables are employed, the coefficient matrix of the constraint equations, [A], acquires a block-diagonal structure. The transformation from polynomial coefficients to nodal variables involves finding a basis for [A] and computing its inverse.Simultaneous satisfaction of completeness and C1 (or higher) continuity requirements establishes linear relationships among the nodal variables and precludes inversion of the basis by exclusively element-level operations.Linear dependencies among the constraint equations and among the nodal variables can be evaluated by the simplex method. The computational procedure is outlined.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090306
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    Letter to the editor (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 731-732 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090320
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    Finite element analysis: Fundamentals, Richard H. Gallagher. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 1975. No. of pages: 416. Price: $19·95 (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 732-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090322
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  • 158
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    A comparison of Crandall and Crank-Nicolson methods for solving a transient heat conduction problem (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 938-943 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A comparison is made of the Crandall and Crank-Nicolson methods applied to a transient heat conduction problem with a convective boundary layer on its surface for a range of values of Nusselt modulus and Fourier modulus. A new equation is derived to handle the convective boundary condition. For reasonable accuracy requirements the Crank-Nicolson method gives superior performance with respect to accuracy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090413
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    A note on numerical computation of elastic contact problems (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 913-924 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple procedure of obtaining flexibility matrices in terms of contact pressures at possible contact points of two bodies allows the frictionless contact pressures to be solved as a quasi-linear problem. Iteration is limited in general to very few cycles and, as small matrices are handled, can be very economical.Excellent accuracy of this procedure is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090410
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