Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1985-1989
  • 1975-1979  (2,781)
  • 1978  (2,781)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (2,653)
  • Ultrastructure  (128)
Material
Years
  • 1985-1989
  • 1975-1979  (2,781)
Year
  • 101
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 263-263 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A65 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A68 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 106
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermally Induced Structural Changes in Nickel Composite Coatings
    Notes: Dispersionsschichten werden durch Mitabscheidung von im Elektrolyten suspendierten Feststoffteilchen in eine galvanisch oder chemisch erzeugte Metallmatrix hergestellt. Derartige Teilchenverbundwerkstoffe werden in verschiedenen technischen Anwendungsfällen eingesetzt und haben sich bewährt. Die wohl am häufigsten verwendete Schicht besteht aus Ni-SiC. Beim Einsatz dieser Schicht im Bereich höherer Temperaturen ist mit Veränderungen der Schichteigenschaften zu rechnen. Bei der Auswahl der Ni-SiC-Schicht für bestimmte Anwendungen müssen derartige thermisch bedingte Eigenschaftsänderungen berücksichtigt werden.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 316-321 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Dynamic strength variationThe Weibull probability function or the arcsin √P distribution suffices for description purposes provided that considerations are confined to failure or survival probabilities between 20 and 80%. Beyond these limits more sophisticated analysis of the test results - as too in the case of the design engineer when estimating the statistically induced component of the safety margin - must make use of more realistic distribution functions.
    Notes: Zu ihrer Beschreibung genügt die Weibullsche Wahrscheinlichkeitsfunktion oder auch die arcsin P-Verteilung nur, solange man sich auf Ausfall- oder Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeiten zwischen 20 und 80% beschränkt. Jenseits dieser Grenzen muß sich die anspruchsvollere Analyse der Versuchsergebnisse - wie auch der Konstrukteur bei der Abschätzung der statistisch bedingten Komponente der Sicherheitsspanne - wirklichkeitsnäherer Verteilungsfunktionen bedienen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 310-315 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbon Fibre Reinforced Al2O3 and MulliteThe hydrolysis process from metalalkoxides has been investigated to prepare carbon fibre reinforced Al2O3 and mullite composites. Carbon fibres (SIGRAFIL HF with 10,000 monofilaments) were im pregnated with metalalkoxides (Al-tri-sec-butylate to form Al(OH)3, mixtures of tetramethoxy-silan and Al-tri-sec-butylate to form mullite), hydrated in air and hot-pressed in a graphite mold at about 1700 °C, 10 min. Beside this also the preparation of composites with chopped fibres is described. The mechanical properties were measured in a three point bending test. Composite material with more than 10 vol% fibres show plastic deformation with matrix cracking during testing. For Al2O3 an additional SiC-interlayer (0.5-1 μm SiC by a CVD-process from CH3SiCl3 and H2 at 1280 °C) is necessary to obtain a bonding between fibre and matrix. Only in this case with fibre content higher 10% it is possible to increase the fexural strength of Al2O3. The strength values lie on a line with 60% of the fibre strength. The rule of mixture cannot be applied for Al2O3 as matrix. Low fibre contents decrease the flexural strength. It appeares that in this case the Al2O3 matrix is damaged before testing. But with mullite as matrix the measured values of flexural strength lie on a line which is 65% of the rule of mixture. This is caused by a relative good bonding between fibre and matrix and is independend of an additional SiC-interlayer. The Young-modulus of Al2O3 is drastically decreased with 10% carbon fibre content (for mullite matrix: 28 vol%). It was possible to calculate the beginning of the formation of cracks in the Al2O3 matrix caused by the mismatch of the components. This value does agree with the measured decrease of Young-modulus. The toughness of both materials measured by the critical intensity factor KICV (for a composite material) with notched speciments (0.1 mm notch width) is increased with fibre content. (These KICV-values are a function of notch length and width in a range of the probable error and therefore the uncorrected values are considered). For Al2O3 matrix the KICV-values increase only if SiC-scoated fibres are used. For mullite as a matrix KICV increases with fibre content for both of the SiC coated and uncoated fibre composites. With higher fibre volume than 50% the values decrease because the interspace between the fibres is not filled with matrix. The increased KICV for these composites compared to that of the matrix alone can be explaned by energy absorption at the fibre-matrix interface. In the case of mullite matrix this mechanical behaviour is caused by a good bonding between the components. Therefore the fracture energy of these mullite composites is drastically increased with fibre content. This means that a strong mullite material with good toughness is formed. These properties are a function of the preparation method. The hydrolysis process formes a very fine grain starting material, which formes a relative dense mullite by reaction sintering between the carbon fibre monofilaments. During this reaction also a good bonding between the fibres and the matrix is formed.
    Notes: Die Hydrolyse von Metallalkoxyden (Al-tri-sec-butylat und Methylsilanester) läßt sich zur Herstellung von kohlenstoffaserverstärkten Al2O3- und Mullit-Verbundwerkstoffen heranziehen. Hierbei zeigte es sich, daß für Al2O3-Matrix eine zusätzliche SiC-Zwischenschicht die Haftung zwischen Faser und Matrix verbessert. Die hergestellten Verbundwerkstoffe zeigen deutlich verbesserte Werte für die Bruchzähigkeit.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 332-336 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Material - Design - Production
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 460-460 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A40 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 140-147 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: On the relationship between the properties and the microstructure of multiphase materials. Part IV: Microstructure and thermal expansion coefficient. The properties of multiphase materials depend on the properties as well as on the geometry and geometrical arrangement (microstructure) of their phases. In many cases, where the material exists under extreme conditions (e. g. high temperatures, radioactive irradiation) not admitting direct property measurements or making them difficult and less accurate two dimensional pictures (micrographs) are available as the only reliable source of information.A stereologic image analysis then provides the tool to characterize the microstructure of multiphase materials quantitatively from their micrographs. Knowing equations describing the dependence of the properties on the microstructure characterized by appropriate parameters direct property measurements would become substitutable by stereologic analyses of the microstructure. Due to the fact, that this holds not only under extreme conditions the stereological microstructure analysis could also be used in conventional quality control to obtain properties without measuring them directly. Furthermore quantitative relationships between properties and microstructural parameters provide a better insight into the property-microstructuredependence thus enabling theoretically the pre-calculation of property improvements by optimalisation of the microstructure (“taylormade- materials”).This paper - subdivided in four articles - considers the derivation and the experimental proof of quantitative relationships between the microstructure and the conductivity, elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient of two phase matrix materials.In the present fourth part of this paper the derivation of the equations is considered which describe the dependence of the linear thermal expansion coefficient on the microstructure of two phase matrix materials quantitatively, the phases of which show linear elastic and isotropic behaviour. Calculated and measured thermal expansion coefficients of two phase materials from about 15 binary systems are compared agreeing sufficiently well. The general equation describing mathematically the relationship between the microstructure and the linear thermal expansion coefficient of two phase materials confirms theoretically, that closed pores do not affect the thermal expansion coefficient of porous materials. - At the end of the present article an engineering statement is made summarizing and judging the results obtained in the alltogether four parts of this publication.
    Notes: Die Eigenschaften mehrphasiger Werkstoffe hängen von den Eigenschaften ihrer Phasen und deren Geometric und geometrischer Anordnung (Gefügestruktur) ab. Mikroskopische Gefügebilder mehrphasiger Werkstoffe sind vielfach auch dann verfügbar, wenn der Werkstoff extremen Zustandsbedingungen ausgesetzt war (z. B. hohe Temperaturen, radioaktive Strahlung), unter denen direkte Eigenschaftsmessungen unmöglich oder schwierig und daher aufwendig und/oder ungenau sind. Durch stereologische Gefügeanalyse kann aus solchen Gefügebildern die Gefügestruktur ermittelt werden. Die Kenntnis des quantitativen Zusammenhangs zwischen Gefügestruktur und Eigenschaften würde dann die direkte Messung vin Eigenschaftskenngrößen ersetzbar machen durch eine stereologische Gefügeanalyse. Da dies nicht nur für extreme Zustandsbedingungen gilt, würde die stereologische Gefügeanalyse in der konventionellen Qualitätskontrolle - ebenfalls ohne direkte Eigenschaftsmessung - Aussagen über Eigenschaftskenngrößen erlauben. Außerdem vertiefen solche Gefüge-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen das physikalische Verständnis für den Zusammenhang zwischen Eigenschaften und Gefügestruktur von Werkstoffen und ermöglichen damit die Vorausberechnung von Eigenschaftsverbesserungen durch Gefügeoptimierung. Diese Arbeit behandelt in 4 Teilen die Ableitung und experimentelle Prüfung quantitativer Beziehungen zwischen der Gefügestruktur und der Leifähigkeit, dem Elastizitätsmodul sowie dem thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten zweiphasiger Werkstoffe.Im vorliegenden 4. Teil dieser Abhandlung wird die Ableitung der Gleichungen beschrieben, die den quantitativen Zusammenhang zwischen dem linearen thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und der Gefügestruktur zweiphasiger Werkstoffe mit Einlagerungsgefüge und linearelastischen, isotropen Werkstoffphasen erfassen. Berechnete und gemessene Ausdehnugskoeffizienten von zweiphasigen Werkstoffen aus:etwa 15 binären Systemen werden verglichen und zeigen befriedigende Übereinstimmung. Die allgemeine Gleichung zum Zusammenhang zwischen dem linearen, thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und der Gefügestruktur zweiphasiger Matrix-Werkstoffe liefert das experimentell bestätigte Ergebnis, daß geschlossene Poren den Ausdehnungskoeffizienten poröser Werkstoffe nicht beeinflussen. Der vorliegende letzte Teil der Abhandlung schließt ab mit einer ingenieurmäßigen Einschätzung der in allen vier Abschnitten gewonnenen Ergebnisse.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 172-176 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Wear testing and wear behaviour of cemented carbidesWear resistance is not a mater constant but a quantity of a system. For the judgement of a case of wear or for the choice of the suitable grade of cemented carbide it is necessary to investigate exactly the limiting conditions and the appearance of wear.The wear test can only be considered with exactly defined limiting conditions and only be compared with application of similar limiting conditions.
    Notes: Die Verschleißfestigkeit ist keine Materialeigenschaft, sondern eine Systemgröße. Zur Beurteilung eines Verschleißfalles bzw. zur richtigen Auswahl des geeigneten Hartmetalles müssen zum einen die Randbedingungen; d. h. die Einflußgrössen, zum anderen die sich hieraus ergebenden Verschleißarten und Erscheinungsformen genauestens untersucht werden.Ein Laborverschleißversuch kann nur im Zusammenhang mit genau definierten Randbedingungen gesehen werden und kann nur mit Anwendungsfällen verglichen werden, die gleiche oder sehr ähnliche Randbedingungen besitzen.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A41 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 218-223 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Material - Design - Production
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 116
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 117
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 118
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 119
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 120
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 121
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 263-263 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A60 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A62 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 273-279 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 126
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 279-288 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Internal Pressure Loading of Hollow Cylinders with excentric welded-in NozzlesInvestigations were carried out on nozzles welded on to the basic pipe with a V-seam without counter welded root; the material was of St 35 and WB 36. Flat specimens St 37 and BH 51 with a cross seam were delivered for comparative fatigue tests.The highest stressed part was established on the hole edge in the base material for nearly all types during static measurements (with and without longitudinal force compensation). The stress concentration factor αK, plastic support factor n0,2 and weakening factor v0,2 were determined for the highest stressed part on samples of St 35 (exception WB 36). Stresses with longitudinal force compensation were somewhat larger than without, that means the results of internal pressure pulsating tests can be regarded as the lower limit of loading types.With internal pressure pulsating, cracks were predominantly on the hole edge in the base material, i. e. the negative influence of the (ground) seam was mostly smaller than the differences in maximum strains between hole edge and weldment. Compared with the test results of polished test bars, a surface factor f0 would be defined. As far as the crack was within the range of the weld a “weld factor” fS could be added so that the fatigue can be calculated with the total factor fges - f0 × fS from the strain amplitude of the polished bar. When utilizing the static design basis it turns out that the higher strength of WB 36 as against St 35 allows only a factor 2 ÷ 10 lower fatigue life (pulsating loading).
    Notes: Untersucht wurden aufgesetzte Stutzen, die mit einer V-Naht ohne gegengeschweißte Wurzel mit dem Grundrohr verschweißt wurden; Werkstoff war St 35 und WB 36. Für vergleichende Schwingversuche wurden Flachproben mit Quernaht aus St 37 und BH 51 hergestellt. Bei der statischen Dehnungsmessung (ohne und mit Längskraftkompensation) wurde bei fast allen Ausführungen die höchstbeanspruchte Stelle am Lochrand im Grundwerkstoff ermittelt. Für die höchstbeanspruchte Stelle wurden für die Probekörper aus St 35 Formzahl αK, Stützziffer n0,2 und Verschwächungsbeiwert v0,2 bestimmt; für die aus WB 36 konnte nur die Formzahl αK überprüft werden. Allgemein war die Beanspruchung mit Längskraftkompensation (Beanspruchungsart der Innendruckschwellversuche) etwas größer als ohne, so daß die Ergebnisse der Innendruckschwellversuche als untere Grenze der Belastungsfälle mit und ohne Längskraftkompensation angesehen werden können.Bei den Innendruckschwellversuchen lagen die Risse vorwiegend am Lochrand im Grundwerkstoff, d. h. der negative Einfluß der (überschliffenen) Schweißnaht war meist kleiner als die Unterschiede in den maximalen Dehnungen Lochrand/Schweißzone. Im Vergleich zu den Versuchswerten mit polierten Probestäben konnte ein Oberflächenfaktor f0 definiert werden. Soweit der Riß im Bereich der Schweißnaht lag, kann zusätzlich ein “Schweißnahtfaktor” fS eingeführt werden, so daß sich mit dem gesamten Faktor fges = f0 · fS aus der möglichen Dehnungsschwingbreite des polierten Stabes die Lebensdauer des Bauteils errechnen läßt. Es zeigt sich, daß bei Ausnutzung der statischen Bemessungsgrundlage die höhere Festigkeit des WB 36 gegen St 35 nur eine etwa 2 ÷ 10mal geringere Lastspielzahl (Schwellbeanspruchung) zuläßt.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 127
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A72 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 128
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 301-301 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 129
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 302-305 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Acoustic Emission Analysis on Short Glass Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics (GRP). - The Influence of Fibre length DistributionIn this work a model is developed which relates the length of the glass fibres to the acoustic emission curve. In this model if one assumes that it is possible to strain the matrix infinitely then the emitted acoustic emission due to fibre fracture can be qualitatively analysed. It is also assumed that the mean length of the fibres, as related to their diameter, is considered to be the most important parameter for the probability of a fibre to fracture. This probability B, is 1 for a long thin fibre, and with an ever decreasing fibre length, this value tends towards O. It is possible, with these assumptions, to predict that the acoustic emission curve will have the form ∊B exp∊B, where ∊ is the applied strain. This model is supported by experimental results.
    Notes: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Modellvorstellung über den Einfluß der Glasfaserlängenverteilung auf die Form der Schallemissionskurve entwickelt. Unter der Voraussetzung einer fast unbegrenzt dehnbaren Matrix wird der Anteil der emittierten Schallintensität, der durch Glasfaserbruch bedingt ist, qualitativ analysiert. Die mittlere Glasfaserlänge - bezogen auf die Glasfaserdicke - wird dabei als wesentliche Einflußgröße auf die spezifische Bruchwahrscheinlichkeit B der Fasern betrachtet: Für sehr lange dünne Fasern hat sie den Wert 1 und strebt mit abnehmender Faserlänge monoton gegen Null. Unter diesen Annahmen läßt sich für den Verlauf der Schallintensität eine zu ∊B · exp∊B proportionale Form vorhersagen, wobei ∊ die aufgebrachte Dehnung bedeutet. Die qualitative Richtigkeit des Modells wird experimentell bestätigt.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 130
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 326-331 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Two Step Fatigue Tests with Copper PolycrystalsPolycrystalline copper specimens have been subjected to axial push-pull two step fatigue tests in stress- and plastic strain controlled conditions. The differences between the amplitudes imposed under two step loading as well as the block length of the program have been varied systematically. At the very moment the amplitude is changed in a test the material shows a characteristic deformation response nearly independent of the test duration. It is therefore concluded that the same deformation processes are involved - independent from duration of the test - which are leading to comparable fatigue work hardening states. In tests with small differences between the two amplitudes the block length was observed to have no influence on the work hardening curve on the contrary to tests with large differences in the amplitudes.
    Notes: An vielkristallinen Kupferproben wurden spannungs- und plastisch dehnungskontrollierte Zug-Druck-Amplitudenwechselversuche durchgeführt. In systematischer Weise wurde dabei die Differenz und die zeitliche Einwirkungsdauer der einzelnen Amplituden verändert. Sowohl bei spannungs- als auch bei plastisch dehnungskontrollierter Versuchsführung wurden jeweils zum Zeitpunkt eines Amplitudenwechsels charakteristische Verläufe der Meßgrößen beobachtet, die sich mit der Versuchsdauer nur wenig verändern. Es wurde daraus geschlossen, daß - unabhängig von der Dauer der Schwingbeanspruchung - Verformungsmechanismen wirksam sind, die zu gleichartigen Verfestigungszuständen führen. Bei kleinen Amplitudendifferenzen wird im Gegensatz zu großen kein meßtechnisch erfaßbarer Einfluß der Blocklänge des Belastungsprogramms auf die Wechselverformungskurven beobachtet.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 131
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A78 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 132
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 337-337 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 133
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 134
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 135
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 136
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 359-366 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Effects of Specimen Size and the Presence of Notches on the Stress Rupture Properties of Round Bars Representative of Structural ComponentsStress rupture tests at 550 °C on smooth and notched specimens of 21 CrMoV 57 steel in three heat-treatment conditions have been carried out for test times of up to 35000 hours. A wide range of notch parameters for specimens of between 8 and 20 mm notch diameter has been investigated, the notch shapes (60°-V-notch, shoulder fillet and cylindrical T-head) being representative of those found in structural components. The effects of material properties, notch geometry and specimen diameter on the stress rupture strength have been determined.
    Notes: An glatten und gekerbten Rundstäben des Stahls 21 CrMoV 57 in drei Wärmebehandlungszuständen wurden Zeitstandversuche bei 550 °C mit Versuchszeiten bis zu 35 000 h durchgeführt. Es wurden Kerbformen bauteilähnlicher Art untersucht (60°-V-Kerbe, Absatz, Schulterkopf), deren Kerbparameter in weiten Grenzen variiert wurden bei Kerbdurchmessern von 8 bis 20 mm. Die werkstoff-, form- und größenabhängigen Veränderungen der Zeitstandkerbfestigkeit wurden ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 137
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 367-368 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Material - Design - Production
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 138
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A81 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 139
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 140
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A86 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 141
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 369-369 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 142
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 391-400 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 143
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 370-391 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Deformation Behaviour of Metallic Materials Under Mechanical LoadingSimple loading conditions are reviewed with load, reaction-diagrams and characteristic mechanical data as well as typical surface appearances. The uniaxial tensile test, the uniaxial creep test, the fracture toughness test and the single-stage fatigue test are dealt with in detail. The basis of plastic deformation is discussed and the reasons for the formation of definite dislocation structures and the type of glide bands are considered. The influence of different parameters of structure on the yield stress is explained in examples together with different hardening mechanisms. The influence of temperature and strain rate on the yield stress is described quantitatively. The deformation processes which are represented in deformation mechanism maps. Finally the influence of environments on the mechanical behavior of materials is considered. In examples, an insight is given into the activity of electrolytes, gaseous environments, organic liquids and liquid metals on the deformation behaviour at typical loading conditions.
    Notes: Es werden einfache Beanspruchungsfälle, dabei auftretende Beanspruchungs-Reaktions-Schaubilder und wichtige mechanische Kenngrößen sowie typische Oberflächenerscheinungen besprochen. Im einzelnen werden der einachsige Zugversuch, der einachsige Kriechversuch, der Rißzähigkeitsversuch sowie der einstufige Dauerschwingversuch behandelt. Die Grundlagen der plastischen Verformung werden erörtert und die Ursachen für die Ausbildung bestimmter Versetzungsstrukturen und die Art der auftretenden Gleitbänder betrachtet. Der Einfluß verschiedener Gefügeparameter auf die Fließspannung wird an Beispielen erläutert und anhand verschiedener Verfestigungsmechanismen erklärt. Der Temperatur- und Geschwindigkeitseinfluß auf die Fließspannung wird quantitativ beschrieben. Die Darstellung der verformungsbestimmenden strukturmechanischen Prozesse in Verformungsmechanismus-Schaubildern wird erläutert. Abschließend wird der Einfluß von Umgebungsmedien auf das mechanische Werkstoffverhalten angesprochen. An Hand von typischen Beispielen wird ein Einblick in die Wirkung von Elektrolyten, gasförmigen Medien, organischen Flüssigkeiten und Metallschmelzen auf das mechanische Verformungsverhalten bei charakteristischen Beanspruchungsfällen gegeben.
    Additional Material: 40 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 144
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 400-406 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Stress-induced Corrosion on Metals Protected by Surface CoatingsThere are several methods of protecting the surface of base metals against corrosion agents. Partly, layers will be applied and cause a tight seal as in the case of synthetic resin varnish, and partly, due to the atmosphere metals (such as Cr-alloyed, corrosion-resisting steels or aluminium) protect themselves with a dense coat of oxide, if these surface coatings will be damaged, an increased corrosion would be caused. However, the oxide skin generally heals up rapidly. It is not known, whether resistance against cyclic loading would considerably be affected by damaged surface coatings as a result of cyclic strain. This question need not be raised in that, the application and, therefore, the investigation of such metals without surface coatings is uninteresting from the technical point of view.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 145
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 406-413 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Form and Mechanisms of Cracks and Fractures Caused by Simultaneous Corrosive and Dynamic Stress under Various FrequenciesDistinction of crack nucleation and crack propagation under variable frequencies and electrolytic corrosion. Relationship between crack nucleation and frequency due to differing sliding mechanisms. Crack propagation under decreasing frequencies causes transition from corrosion fatigue to cyclic stress corrosion cracking and finally stress corrosion cracking can be observed. Coordination of that transition with the increasing influence of the KISCC-value as determinant of the crack propagation.The influence of frequency on high temperature materals in hot gas atmosphere is mainly determined by creep mechanisms during top-load phase and the gas-metal-reactions. Accordingly the life time increases with growing load frequency.
    Notes: Anrißphase und Phase des Rißfortschritts bei der Betrachtung der Frequenzabhängigkeit unter elektrolytischer Korrosion. Abhängigkeit der Anrißphase von der Frequenz infolge unterschiedlicher Gleitmechanismen. Beim Rißfortschritt erfolgt mit sinkender Frequenz Übergang von Schwingungsrißkorrosion zu zyklischer Spannungsrißkorrosion und schließlich zu Spannungsrißkorrosion. Zuordnung dieses Übergangs zum zunehmenden Einfluß des KISCC-Wertes als Bestimmungsgröße für den Bruchvorgang.Frequenzabhängigkeit bei Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen in Heißgasatmosphäre im wesentlichen bestimmt durch Kriechvorgänge bei Einwirkung der Oberlast und zeitabhängige Gas-Metall-Reaktionen. Entsprechend verlängern sich die Standzeiten mit zunehmender Belastungsfrequenz.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 146
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A89 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 147
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 148
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 413-424 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Stress-Strain and Fatigue Life Behaviour of Unnotched and Notched Specimens and ComponentsIn contrast to unnotched specimens where the cross section and the surface area are uniformly deformed, when external loads are applied at the specimens, notched specimens and components show severe concentrations of stress and deformations at the notches. In the paper different type of notches are considered and the effect of the notches under different loading conditions (monotonic, cyclic loading) is described. Some possibilities for predicting the crack initiation of notched components are also outlined and the effect of corrosive environments is briefly discussed.
    Notes: Während bei ungekerbten Proben und Bauteilen große Werkstoffbereiche gleichförmig beansprucht werden, führen vorhandene Kerben zu einer örtlichen Konzentration und z. T. erheblichen Überhöhung der Beanspruchungen. Neben der Darstellung der verschiedenen Arten von Kerben, ihrer Wirkung bei unterschiedlichen Beanspruchungsarten und der Möglichkeiten ihrer Berücksichtigung bei der Bauteilbemessung wird auf den Einfluß korrosiver Umgebungsbedingungen eingegangen.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 149
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A92 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 150
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A94 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 151
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 425-425 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 152
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A96 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 153
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 154
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 445-451 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Tribological Effect of different Fluorocarbon RefrigerantsFluorine and chlorine substituted organic compounds of the methan and ethan type are used in refrigerators, air conditioners and cooling systems. Besides their physical effect the different fluorocarbons have an effect on the tribological behavior of the different machine parts.
    Notes: Halogenierte Kohlenwasserstoffe werden als Arbeitsstoffe in Kältemaschinen eingesetzt. Durch die konstruktiven Gegebenheiten - insbesondere bei kleinen und mittleren Verdichtern - haben Halogen-Kohlenwasserstoff, Schmierstoff und Werkstoffe Kontakt miteinander. Halogen-Kohlenwasserstoffe können sich im Schmierstoff lösen und erniedrigen dadurch die Viskosität des Schmierstoffs. Darüber hinaus können zwischen dem Schmierstoff, dem Halogen-Kohlenwasserstoff und den Werkstoffen des Kältemittelverdichters, die mit ihnen in Berührung stehen, chemische Reaktionen ablaufen, die z. B. das Verschleißverhalten tribologisch beanspruchter Bauteilpaarungen erheblich beeinflussen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 155
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Effective Viscosity in Visometric Pressure-Drag-Flow with Application to Extruders and Journal BearingsA number of technologically relevant flows of non-newtonian fluids can be calculated approximately by treating the fluids like newtonian fluids. This can be justified for a class of viscometric pressure-drag-flows provided the pressure gradients are not too large. It is shown that besides the usual viscosity the differential viscosity plays a dominant role. Applications and examples: viscosity pumps, extruders, journal bearings.
    Notes: Zur überschläglichen Berechung von mancherlei technisch wichtigen Strömungen nicht-newtonscher Fluide behandelt man diese wie newtonsche Fluide. Dies kann für eine Klasse viskometrischer Druck-Schlepp-Strömungen bei hinreichend kleinen Werten der Druckgradienten gerechtfertigt werden. Dabei zeigt sich, daß neben der Viskosität im üblichen Sinne vor allem die differentielle Viskosität eine entscheidende Rolle spielt. Anwendungen und Beispiele: Schleppströmungspumpen, Extruder, Gleitlager.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 156
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 460-460 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 157
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 158
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A97 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 159
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 186 (1978), S. 327-335 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cuticle ; Epidermis ; Chironomus ; Respiration ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The larval integument of the midge, Chironomus riparius Mg., is unusually thin although it conforms with the normal insect pattern. The cuticle of the post-cephalic segments is about 3 μm thick and overlies an epidermis which has an irregular basal plasma membrane resulting in spaces occurring between it and the basement membrane. The ventral tubuli have a similar epidermis but the cuticle is somewhat thinner. The anal papillae have the thinnest cuticular covering with a uniquely folded epicuticle of variable thickness, and their epidermis has the characteristics of a transporting epithelium. No evidence of pore canals could be found in the cuticle of any part except the head capsule which has a remarkably smooth epicuticle and a distinct layer which may represent the exocuticle. There are no spaces between the basement membrane and basal plasma membrane of the epidermis in the head. Ultrastructural evidence would suggest that gaseous exchange can occur across most of the post-cephalic integument.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 160
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 186 (1978), S. 499-506 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Fat body ; Aedes aegypti ; Vitellogenin ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the fat body of Aedes aegypti was followed from emergence through a blood meal. Changes in the volume of protein granules and lipid droplets were also examined. The relationship of these events to the known endocrinology of vitellogenin synthesis in mosquitoes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 161
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Area postrema ; 6-Hydroxydopamine ; Degenerative changes ; Ultrastructure ; Cynomolgus and squirrel monkeys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) has been shown to produce degenerative changes in noradrenergic nerve terminals and preterminals in the CNS following intracisternal, intraventricular or direct injection into the brain parenchyma. Systemic injection of 6-OH-DA is known to result in degenerative changes in noradrenergic terminals in the peripheral nervous system. However, only a few studies have been carried out on the effects of systemic injections of 6 OH-DA on noradrenergic terminals in the CNS. In the present study cynomolgus and squirrel monkeys were injected intravenously on two successive days with total doses of 350mg/kg and 150 mg/kg of 6-OH-DA, respectively, and sacrificed at 2 and 24 h following the second injection. Degenerative changes in the area postrema (AP) neurons in all injected animals were characterized by a generalized increase in electron density of cytoplasmic elements in axonal terminals and preterminals. Multilamellar bodies, clusters of clear and dense core vesicles, increased numbers of secondary lysosomes, and an increase in the number of glycogen granules were observed in these structures. In astrocytes the amount of glycogen increased markedly in injected animals, but no other glial alterations were observed. The number of mast cells in the AP was greater in injected than in noninjected animals, both in the perivascular spaces (PVS) and in parenchymal locations. Cell processes in the PVS were occasionally observed to contain electron dense bodies, and degenerative changes were seen in supraependymal processes in some injected animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 162
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 187 (1978), S. 135-146 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Osteodentine ; Anarhichas lupus ; Ultrastructure ; X-ray diffraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le tissu dentinaire d'Anarhichas lupus s'est révélé être une ostéodentine vasculaire. Les études en MET, MEB et diffraction X montrent l'hétérogénéité de ce tissu. L'aspect désordonné des fibres de collagène, incomplètement minéralisées (leur striation est encore bien visible), explique la complexité de la répartition des cristaux puisqu' elles en déterminent l'ordonnance. La minéralisation imparfaite du tissu, dont témoignait déjà la striation visible du collagène, est confirmée par l'analyse des poudres en diffraction X (la cristallinité de l'ostéodentine vasculaire est nettement inférieure à celle de la couche de tissu dentaire périphérique) et par l'examen en MET de haute résolution, aucun réseau cristallin n'ayant pu être mis en évidence. L'ostéodentine, l'os basal et l'os profond ont en commun une phase minérale, avec une organisation plus ou moins bonne, différente du système des apatites.
    Notes: Summary TEM, SEM and X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrate the heterogeneity of the dentinal tissue of Anarhichas lupus, a vascular osteodentine. The disordered aspect of collagen fibres, incompletely mineralized (the periodical striation being still visible), explains the scattered distribution of crystallites since they are responsible for their arrangement. The low degree of mineralization revealed by the visible collagen striation is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis (the crystallinity of vascular osteodentine being much lower than that of the peripheral dental tissue) as well as by high resolution TEM, since no lattice planes could be observed. Osteodentine, supporting bone and proper bone have in common a mineral phase, more or less organized, different from the apatite system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 163
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Intestine ; Teleost ; Epithelium ; Renewal ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The intestinal absorptive epithelium of starved and fed fish has been studied electron microscopically. After feeding, cells of the proximal segment of the intestine show morphological characteristics of lipid absorption. Absorptive cells in the middle segment contain many pinocytotic vesicles in both fasted and fed specimens. Absorption of protein macromolecules is supposed to be one of the main functions of this part of the gut. In the most caudal part of the intestine, absorptive cells carry relatively few and short microvilli. The proximal and distal segments show structural indications of a function in osmoregulation. The renewal of the epithelium has been studied with light microscopic autoradiography, using tritiated thymidine. The intestinal mucosal fold epithelium represents a cell renewal system. The cells proliferate at the base of the fold and migrate towards the apex in 10–15 days at 20° C. The functional absorptive cells proved to be generally present in the intestinal epithelium, including the proliferative area. Undifferentiated cells have not been identified. The results will be compared with data on absorption of lipid and protein macromolecules in teleostean and mammalian intestines and with descriptions of the cell renewal system in the mammalian intestine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 164
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuron ; Glial ; (Insect, Chironomus riparius) ; Extracellular space ; Perineurium ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the neural sheath, glial cells and neurons in the brain of the neoimaginal male Chironomus riparius is described. The neural sheath comprises a neural lamella and underlying perineurium. The neural lamella consists of an amorphous matrix in which fine fibrils occur. The perineurium is composed of two cell types forming a continuous layer around the brain. The subjacent cortical layer, composed of the cell bodies of neurons and glial cells, varies considerably in thickness and surrounds the centrally located neuropiles. Three types of glial cells are distinguished on the basis of their positions and appearances. Five types of neurons are described which differ in size and relative frequency of organelles. Four types of axons, including those of neurosecretory cells, are distinguished by their size and content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 165
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 188 (1978), S. 19-33 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Subfornical organ ; Circumventricular organ ; Coturnix quail ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The structure of the subfornical organ (SFO) of the Japanese quail has been studied by light and electron microscopy. The SFO is a small semiglobular bulge in the midline on the rostrodorsal wall of the third ventricle between the anterior commissure and tela choroidea. The organ consists of three main parts, anterior stalk, the corpus and the posterior stalk. The anterior stalk is covered by ependymal cells with a few cilia, but the corpus and posterior stalk are characterized by a distinctive lack of cilia and by flat or bulging cell surfaces, which have the appearance of cobble stones. The large bulbous protrusions in the ependymal surface of the posterior stalk suggest a secretory function into the ventricle. In the subependymal layer, there are a few parvocellular neurons that contain small mitochondria, moderately developed Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, dilated cisternae of rER and a few dense-cored granules of 100–120 nm in diameter. They appear to be secretory in nature. Two types of glial cells occur in the subependymal and internal layers. One is small and spindle-shaped with a dense nucleus and elongated cytoplasmic processes; it may be microglial. The other is a small polygonal cell with rounded nucleus and clear cytoplasm containing bundles of filaments; it may be a protoplasmic astrocyte. The neuropil contains three types of axons. The first contains dense-cored granules, 80 nm in diameter, and clear vesicles, 40–60 nm in diameter and is involved in axosomatic synapses. The second type contains dense granules, 120 nm in diameter, and clear vesicles, 40–80 nm in diameter, and shows axodendritic synapses. The third contains peptidergic granules about 100–120 nm in diameter and seems to belong to the organ-specific nerve cells. These axons terminate at the perivascular space of the blood capillaries, suggesting secretion into the blood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 166
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 188 (1978), S. 409-426 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ovary ; “Nude” mouse ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ovarian follicles of juvenile (15-day and 21-day old), pubescent (28-day old) and sexually mature (45-day old) “Nude” mice have been compared to those from normal NMRI mice of the same age and breeding groups. At the electron microscopical level, some differences were observed in both follicular cells and oocytes. In the follicular cells, the following alterations could be seen in the “Nude” ovaries: (1) the differentiation between clear and dark cells, normally not occurring before the age of 21 days, was already present in the 15-day old “Nude” mice and (2) the follicular intercellular spaces were frequently dilated, possibly because of a contraction of the cells, even in the small growing follicles of the bilaminar type in the athymic animals. The “Nude” oocytes could be characterized by (1) a precocious appearance and an early disappearance of the nuage material, (2) a nearly complete absence of micropapillae on the oolemma, (3) a dense and disseminated aspect of their Golgi complexes, (4) the presence of a large amount of multivesicular bodies and (5) of tiny (about 30 nm) dense membrane-bounded particles in their ooplasm. These differences are discussed in relation to the possible interference of congenital athymia with the development of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. However, the influence of the reduced immunological responsiveness of the “Nude” mice on their ovarian development cannot be excluded for animals raised in a normal — and consequently infected — environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 167
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 188 (1978), S. 481-490 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Fat body ; Cockroach ; Reproductive cycle ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The central fat body of the ovoviviparous cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea was studied during the first reproductive cycle of the female by means of light microscopy, autoradiography and electron microscopy. Comparative studies in larval stages were also undertaken. The fat body of Nauphoeta contains a large amount of lipid droplets and the remaining cytoplasm is very scarce. The cytological cyclicity of the fat body is consistent with the known biochemical rhythms of vitellogenin production. The proteosynthetic apparatus appears about 3 days after imaginal ecdysis, along with vitellogenin. The ribosomal endoplasmic reticulum (RER) shows a tremendous increase by the 7th day of the first cycle. The most active period of vitellogenin production lasts from day 7 to day 12. The proteosynthetic apparatus then returns to an inactive stage and disappears. This inactive condition lasts to the end of the gestation period. The autoradiographic results are consistent with the cytological features.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 168
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Leydig cells ; Seminal vesicle ; Pineal gland ; Golden hamster ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fine structural changes of testicular interstitial cells of Leydig and secretory cells of seminal vesicles were studied in golden hamsters under different functional states of the pineal gland. Experiments were performed in the reproductive season (summer months). In the hamsters blinded for 8 weeks the testes and the seminal vesicles were markedly atrophic, and the Leydig cells and the secretory cells of seminal vesicles were extremely involuted. By contrast, both types of cells in the pinealectomized or superior cervical ganglionectomized hamsters exhibited cytological features suggestive of an enhanced secretory activity. This study shows that functional activity of Leydig cells as well as secretory cells of seminal vesicles in the hamster may be depressed or augmented by stimulating or inhibiting the pineal antigonadal function, respectively, without performing hypophysectomy or hormonal administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 169
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 192 (1978), S. 451-460 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Endometrium ; Baboon ; Oral contraceptive ; Histochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Endometrium from a group of baboons treated with the oral contraceptive, Enovid E, was studied histologically, histochemically and ultrastructurally, and compared to endometrium from normally cycling animals. All endometria were obtained by transcervical uterine biopsy between 10 and 14 days of the treatment cycle or the normal menstrual cycle. Histologically, no discernible differences between the control and experimental endometria were apparent. While observable differences were not evident between the endometrial alkaline phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase activities of control and experimental animals, there was an increased acid phosphatase activity in the Enovid E-treated baboon endometrium. Ultra-structurally, the glandular cells of treated animals appeared to be more physiologically advanced than did those from the control endometria. These advances were evident from the prominent Golgi complex, increased development of the endoplasmic reticulum and increases in the size, number and complexity of mitochondria. The functional correlates of these morphological and histochemical observations are discussed and compared to human endometrial studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 170
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 193 (1978), S. 219-229 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Multilamellar bodies (human lung) ; Surfactant ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Normal tissues from human lungs were dehydrated through Epon 812 resin to retain many of the lipids and carbohydrates in thin section. The three-dimensional structure of the multilamellar body was determined. The paired layer of phospholipid heads (PH) is 36Å thick; the layer of fatty-acid tails (FA) is 31Å, the same as reported previously for non-human primates and rodents. The human multilamellar body is apparently unique: the lamellae of the major focus divide into two or three lamellae; the matrix material of the core is without vesicular bodies and a projection core is present. When compared with those of the rat, human tissues contain a greater number of lamellar foci and fewer lamellae per focus. The presence of a peripheral layer of lamellae, an ever-present external limiting membrane, and the fusion of multilamellar bodies are also characteristic. Tubular myelin surfactant has the same appearance as in other mammals. Multilamellar bodies were observed in direct communication with Golgi vesicles. Their origin from multivesicular bodies and their maturation through secretion and exocytosis were demonstrated. Untransformed multilamellar bodies in the alveolar space demonstrated three periodicities (P): (1) compact regular lamellae, PH = 36Å, FA = 31Å, P = 66Å; (2) compact broad lamellae, PH = 72Å, FA = 22Å, P = 94Å; (3) loose lamellae, PH = 36Å, FA = 36Å, FA = 31Å with a variable interlamellar space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 171
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Striated muscle ; Proteins ; Radioautography ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The elaboration and distribution of newly formed proteins in the striated muscle of 21-day-old mice were investigated by quantitative radioautography at intervals between 2 and 240 min after intravenous injection of tritiated leucine. In radioautographs, the localization and the relative label concentration were comparatively estimated for the different components of mitochondria-rich fibres, in particular of red fibres, from the tibialis anterior muscle and of mitochondria-poor fibres from the oesophageal muscle. As early as 2 min after injection, radioactivity was detected over the nucleus, the polysome-rich sarcoplasm, the A and I bands, the Z lines, and the mitochondria in the two fibre types. Label localization did not change with time. The relative label concentration increased similarly in the polysome-rich sarcoplasm and the A and I bands of both fibre types within 30 min after injection, a confirmation that biosynthesis of myofibrillar proteins takes place rapidly. In each case, concentration was higher in the Z lines than in the I bands, and higher in the I bands than in the A bands, thus showing “in vivo” that the rates of synthesis of sarcomere protein components are not uniform. However, the relative label concentration was found to be higher in the Z lines of mitochondria-poor fibres than of mitochondria-rich fibres: this suggests that a higher synthetic rate of Z line protein, and probably of α actinin, is characteristic of the first type. Inversely, the concentration was higher in the mitochondria of mitochondria-rich fibres. This lead to the belief that high rate of protein synthesis in these organelles may account for the high rate of label incorporation into this type of fibre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 172
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 193 (1978), S. 297-313 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pars intermedia ; Peroxidase ; Ultrastructure ; Extravascular space ; Stellate cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To study the transport of protein from the blood into and throughout the sparsely vascularized pars intermedia of anurans, the electrondense tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected into the vascular system of adult frogs. A strong reaction product was localized in small vesicles in the cytoplasm of that portion of the stellate cells immediately beneath the vascular spaces. Also, within two minutes after an injection of HRP, which was given during a period of one minute, the reaction product was seen in the extracellular spaces between the stellate and/or MSH secretory cells throughout the gland. Additionally, it appeared that HRP was pinocytosed by the stellate cell processes in the interior of the pars intermedia. Since frogs adapted to different backgrounds were perfused with HRP for a variety of time periods, from 3 to 90 min, it was thought that it would be possible to trace the pathway of the HRP-filled vesicles as they moved through the stellate cells. There did not appear to be a migration of these vesicles within the cells. Because of the electron density of the HRP, the tortuous extensions from the perivascular spaces of the capillary plexus intermedius were obvious as they ramified into the pars intermedia and pars nervosa. In the frogs not injected with HRP, it was possible to observe the substructure of these ramifications which paralleled the stellate cells and formed enlargements at the convergence of the stellate cell processes and sometimes the nerve processes. An extravascular, many-branched transport system that penetrates the parenchyma is discussed in addition to the possible transfer role of the stellate cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 173
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 193 (1978), S. 337-351 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Egg shells ; Anostraca ; Alveolar meshwork ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tertiary shell of the eggs of anostracan crustaceans consists of two layers, an outer cortex and an inner alveolar layer. Scanning electron microscope studies show that, in most species, these layers are separated by a subcortical space which intercommunicates with spaces in the cortex and with the meshwork of the alveolar layer. No evidence was found for direct communication between pores on the surface of Branchipus stagnalis eggs and the subcortical space. No surface pores were found in the eggs of Branchinecta packardi, Chirocephalus diaphanus, Anemia salina, nor in eggs of the notostracan Triops cancriformis. Similarities in structure and possible functions of the egg shells of anostracan crustaceans and certain insects are discussed in relation to similarities in certain features of their environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 174
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 193 (1978), S. 323-336 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal gland ; Gerbil ; Pinealocytes ; Concretions ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopy was employed in a study of the pineal gland of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). It was determined that the gerbil pineal gland contains pinealocytes and glial cells with the pinealocytes being the predominant cell type. The pinealocytes contain numerous organelles traditionally considered as being either synthetic or secretory in function such as an extensive Golgi region, smooth (SER) and rough (RER) endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles and microtubules. Other cytoplasmic components are also present in the pinealocytes (synaptic ribbons, subsurface cisternae) for which no function has been assigned. Dense-cored vesicles are rare. Vacuolated pinealocytes are present and appear to be intimately associated with the formation of the pineal concertions. Evidence presented supports the proposal that the concretions form within the vacuoles. Once the concretions reach an enlarged state, the vacuolated pinealocytes break down and the concretions are thus extruded into the extracellular space where they apparently continue to increase in size. The morphology of the glial cells was interpreted as indicative of a high synthetic activity. The glial cells contain predominantly the rough variety of endoplasmic reticulum and form an expansion around the wide perivascular area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 175
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 193 (1978), S. 525-532 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Intranuclear inclusions ; Neurons ; Development ; Ultrastructure ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of intranuclear rodlets, microtubules, fibrillar lattices and membranous inclusions found in the developing cuneate nuclei of rats is described. Rodlets, ranging in diameter from 96–312 nm and in length from 1–2 μm, are made up of tightly packed straight filaments measuring 5–8 nm in diameter. Microtubules with a diameter of 26 nm are clustered together. Fibrillar lattices are made up of fibrils with a diameter of 9 nm arranged in layers or sets. Two to nine sets make up a lattice, with a maximum width of 68 nm, in which the adjacent sets are arranged at an angle to each other. Rodlets and fibrillar lattices occur in 6.8% of the neurons. Membranous inclusions, reported here for the first time in normal neurons, are of 2 types: small vesicles of 0.1–0.6 μm and large vacuoles measuring 1–2 μm. Both types are bounded by either a single or a double membrane and generally have an electron lucent content. Membranous inclusions occur in 25.3 % of the neurons. Changes in the frequency of occurrence of the various intranuclear inclusions in the course of postnatal development are also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 176
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 189 (1978), S. 203-217 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Astrocytes ; Development ; Phagocytosis ; Neuroplasticity ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies have demonstrated that astrocyte processes are responsible for a spontaneously occurring phagocytosis of boutons on cat spinal motoneurons during the second postnatal week. In the present investigation, the astrocytes and the astrocyte processes in contact with the motoneurons were studied qualitatively and quantitatively during the early postnatal period. It could be concluded that the cells responsible for the phagocytosis of boutons are immature astrocytes. These cells were present not only during the period of phagocytosis but also prior to this period. The type of process responsible for the phagocytosis was present not only during the period of phagocytosis but also prior to and after that period although the relative contribution of such processes to the glia-covered membrane area of the motoneurons was reduced in the older animals. On the basis of these results, the possible specificity of the immature astrocyte as the element responsible for the phagocytosis of boutons during normal development is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 177
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 178
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 224-224 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 179
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A49 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 180
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 181
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A52 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 182
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 225-237 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Active Protection against Wear saves MaterialIn almost all industrial branches, wear processes cause considerable loss of material mainly in the field of metal:metal and metal:mineral contact.The so accrueing significant loss of material grows owing to an increase of specific throughput in machinery, processing in combined systems, more efficient utilization of raw material and introduction of modern technology for the extraction of raw material and the recycling processes. Finally the progressing desires exists to reduce the consequential expenses arising from such losses.In the future, however, the decisive factor will not be the actual shortage of raw material but moreover the politically caused shortage and the ratio of increasing expenditure between raw material and wages. Material savings are possible by making use of the presently known fundamentals of wear. In details the following precautions are available:- Saving of material in new parts- Utilization of higher class materials- Application of parts produced out of different materials- Reclamation of worn-out partsThe problems of metal:mineral wear are illustrated by numerous examples.The here described precautions enable the engineer to save raw materials.
    Notes: Durch Abnutzung entstehen in den verschiedensten Bereichen der Technik erhebliche Materialverluste hauptsächlich bei Metall:Metall- und Metall:Mineral-Berührung. Der dadurch entstehende beträchtliche Materialverlust nimmt zu durch die Erhöhung des spezifischen Durchsatzes eingesetzter Maschinen, des Arbeitens im Verbundsystem, höherer Rohstoffausbeutung, Einführung moderner Technologien bei Rohstoffgewinnung und Recycling und dem zunehmenden Wunsch, die durch solche Schäden entstehenden Folgekosten zu vermindern. Dabei ist nicht echte Rohstoffknappheit maßgebend sondern vielmehr die in Zukunft sich verändernde Relation der Steigerungsraten von Rohstoffkosten und Lohnkosten. Materialeinsparungen sind durch Anwendung der heute bekannten Grundlagen auf dem Verschleißgebiet möglich. Im einzelnen umfassen sie die Maßnahmen:- Einsparen von Material bei Neuteilen,- Einsetzen höherwertiger Werkstoffe,- Einsetzen von Verbundlösungen und- Regenerieren abgenutzter Teile.Zahlreiche praktische Beispiele aus dem Bereich des Metall:Mineral- Verschleißes werden erläutert.Durch diese Maßnahmen hat der Ingenieur die Möglichkeit, Rohstoffe einzusparen.
    Additional Material: 36 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 183
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 246-256 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Significance of Irregularity of Gaussian Random Sequences on Random FatigueThe results of investigations concerning the influence of the irregularity factor which are found in the literature are often contradicting. The cause may be, that with the variation of the irregularity factor in some cases other influencing parameters were unintentionally varied too. To help clarify the situation a test program was conducted. Notched specimen and single shear lap joints of the aluminium alloy 2024 were tested under axial random loading sequences to determine the influence of irregularity on fatigue life. The irregularity factors (l = 0,99, 0,7, 0,3) cover the range interesting in practice. The method to generate random sequences ensures that the factor of irregularity is the only variate among the usual parameters of the random sequence.
    Notes: Die zum Teil widersprüchlichen Angaben im Schrifttum über den Einfluß des Unregelmäßigkeitsfaktors sind vermutlich darauf zurückzuführen, daß bei einschlägigen Untersuchungen neben dem Unregelmäßigkeitsfaktor auch noch andere Parameter unbeabsichtigt variiert wurden. Um zu einer Klärung beizutragen, wurden unter Zufallsfolgen von Axiallasten mit Merkmalen eines stationären Gaußprozesses Betriebsfestigkeits- Versuche an einem Kerbstab und an einer einschnittigen Fügung aus der Legierung AlCuMg2 durchgeführt und der Einfluß der Unregelmäßigkeit auf die Lebensdauer bestimmt. Die untersuchten Unregelmäßigkeitsfaktoren überdecken mit l = 0,99,0,7 und 0,3 den für die Betriebsfestigkeit interessanten Anwendungsbereich. Das gewählte Verfahren zur Generierung der Zufallsfolgen gewährleistet, daß der Unregelmäßigkeitsfaktor die einzige Variable unter den üblichen Parametern der Zufallsfolge bleibt.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 184
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of Hardness and Comprehensive Residual Stresses on the Fatigue Limit of Steels under Elevated TemperaturesThe room temperature fatigue behaviour under alternating stresses of bcc steels is characterized by two stationary states existing below two different reversed stress limits: Below the one no crack initiation occurs, below the other no crack propagation can be found even after an unlimited number of stress cycles. The fatigue endurance of unnotched parts is determined by the crack initiation conditions that can be improved by higher hardness of the material. The fatigue strength of notched parts under reversed stresses is decidently determined by the minimum stress required to propagate a crack; this stress can be raised by compressive residual stresses. - At elevated temperatures these two stationary states are not further existent and there are no alternating stress amplitudes that can be endured either without crack initiation or without crack propagation to fracture. Both influencing parameters hardness and compressive residual stresses are dependend on the temperature, this can be explained by Snoek's and by Cottrell's mechanisms and with the temperature depending release of residual stresses corresponding to the temperature sensitive yield point.
    Notes: Das Wechselfestigkeitsverhalten krz Stähle ist bei Raumtemperatur durch zwei Endzustände gekennzeichnet, die sich unterhalb zweier verschiedener Grenzwechselspannungen stationär einstellen: Unterhalb der einen können beliebig viele Lastwechsel ohne Anrißbildung, unterhalb der anderen ohne Rißfortschritt ertragen werden. Bei glatten Bauteilen bestimmt die erstere die Dauerfestigkeit und nimmt vor allem mit der Werkstoffhärte zu. Bei gekerbten Proben dagegen wird die Dauerhaltbarkeit durch die zum Rißfortschritt erforderliche Mindestwechselspannung bestimmt, die durch Druckeigenspannungen erheblich heraufgesetzt werden kann. - Bei höheren Temperaturen entstehen keine stabilen Endzustände mehr und es gibt keine Wechselamplituden, die nicht sowohl zum Anriß als auch zum Rißfortschritt bis zum Bruch führen. Beide Einflußgrößen Werkstoffestigkeit und Druckeigenspannungen sind abhängig von der Beanspruchungstemperatur, ihr Temperaturverlauf kann mit den Verfestigungsmechanismen nach Snoek und nach Cottrell bzw. aus dem unterschiedlichen Eigenspannungsabbau infolge temperaturveränderlicher Streckgrenzen erklärt werden.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 185
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 257-262 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ceramic Materials for the Combustion Chambers of Vehicle Gas TurbinesFor vehicle gas turbines to be able to compete in specific fuel consumption with present-day Diesel engines, high temperatures are required in the combustion-chamber zone; such temperatures are not feasible with metal combustion chambers. High-temperature special ceramics profer themselves as material for combustion chambers. Candidate ceramic materials have been examined at MTU under service-like conditions for their suitability as material for combustion chambers. Silicon-infiltrated silicon carbide has proved particularly worthwhile. As development work continues, the use of other ceramics is also conceivable.
    Notes: Damit Fahrzeuggasturbinen im spezifischen Verbrauch mit den heute verwendeten Dieselmotoren konkurrieren können, sind hohe Temperaturen im Brennkammerbereich erforderlich; diese können mit Metallbrennkammern nicht realisiert werden. Als Brennkammerwerkstoff bieten sich hochtemperaturbeständige Sonderkeramiken an. Bei MTU wurden die in Frage kommenden Keramiken unter betriebsnahen Bedingungen auf ihre Eignung als Brennkammerwerkstoff untersucht. Besonders bewährt hàt sich siliziuminfiltriertes Siliziumkarbid. Bei weiterer Entwicklung ist auch die Verwendung anderer Keramiken dankbar.Seit mehr als 40 Jahren wird versucht, anstelle von Hubkolbenmotoren Antriebsmaschinen mit ausschließlich rotierenden Teilen zu verwenden. Die vom Prinzip her einfache Arbeitsweise der Rotationsmaschinen war immer wieder ein Ansporn dazu, die damit verbundenen technologischen Schwierigkeiten in Angriff zu nehmen. So konnte in der Luftfahrt die Gasturbine mit ihrem günstigen Leistungsgewicht den Kolbenmotor in der Leistungsklasse über 500 PS völlig verdrängen.Anfang der 50er Jahre begann man in den USA und in Großbritannien mit der Entwicklung von Fahrzeuggasturbinen. Die Schwierigkeiten, die dabei auftraten, sind bis heute noch nicht befriedigend gelöst. Bedingt durch die kleinen Abmessungen und ein ungünstiges Teillastverhalten entstehen Wirkungsgradverluste, die nur durch hohe Verbrennungstemperaturen ausgeglichen werden können. Damit zum Beispiel eine LKW-Gasturbine mit 350 PS ähnliche Verbrauchswerte wie ein Dieselmotor erreicht, sind Turbineneintrittstemperaturen von etwa 1400 °C erforderlich. Da aus Gründen der Kosten und des Wirkungsgrades aufwendige Kühlkonzepte, wie sie in Fluggasturbinen eingesetzt werden, nicht in Frage kommen, ist die Realisierung dieser hohen Temperatur mit Metallteilen nicht möglich. Bereits bei einer Brennkammereintrittstemperatur von 1000°C werden etwa 5% der angesaugten Luft zur Brennkammerkühlung verwendet, was den spezifischen Verbrauch um etwa 8 g/PS h erhöht (1).Diese Problematik sowie die beginnende Rohstoffverknappung und Rohstoffverteuerung führten zu der-an sich nicht neuen-Überlegung, die Heißteile einer Fahrzeugturbine aus Keramik zu bauen. Bereits während des zweiten Weltkrieges sowie in den 50er und 60er Jahren wurde versucht, Alumininumoxid für Turbinenschaufeln einzusetzen, was u. a. an der mangelnden Thermoschockbeständigkeit von Al2O3 scheiterte. Nun sind in den letzten Jahren, zunächst in USA und dann auch in Deutschland, die Bemühungen um den Einsatz von Keramik in Gasturbinen wieder verstärkt worden. Die Entwicklungsarbeiten sind z. Zt. in vollem Gange, wobei sich jetzt erste Tendenzen abzeichnen und auch einzelne Teilerfolge erzielt wurden (2).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 186
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Acoustic Emission Measurements of Coated Sheet SteelAcoustic emission measurements of differently coated steel sheets have shown that the damaging behaviour of this group of materials can be investigated with the aid of this procedure.With electroplated sheets, the acoustic emission at the same basical material depends on: (a)the deposit metal(b)the composition of the electrolytes(c)the deposite current density(d)the thickness of the electrodeposit.Investigations carried out on phosphatized and/or painted steel sheets have shown a dependently of the acoustic emission on: (a)the kind of phosphatization(b)the chemical composition of the paint(c)the level of the stoving temperature(d)the weathering(e)the thickness of the paint.On the hitherto investigations the acoustic emission was registered only as impuls rate. In order to obtain more aimed statements on the failure of adhesions and on the formations of micro-cracks, and in order to elucidate the mechanisms of adhesion and failure of adhesions, the analysis of the amplitudes and frequencies of the acoustic emission of coated metals was started.
    Notes: Die Schallemissionsmessungen an unterschiedlich beschichteten Stahlblechen zeigten, daß es mit Hilfe dieses Verfahrens möglich ist, das Schädigungsverhalten dieser Werkstoffgruppe zu untersuchen.Bei den galvanisch beschichteten Blechen war die Schallemission bei gleichem Substrat abhängig von: (a)dem abgeschiedenen Metall(b)der Zusammensetzung des Elektrolyten(c)der Abscheidungsstromdichte(d)der Schichtdicke.Die Untersuchungen an den phosphatierten und/oder lackierten Blechen zeigten eine Abhängigkeit der Schallemission von: (a)der Art der Phosphatierung(b)der chemischen Zusammensetzung des Lackes(c)der Höhe der Einbrenntemperatur(d)der Bewitterung(e)der Schichtdicke.Bei den bisherigen Untersuchungen wurde die Schallemission lediglich als Impulsrate registriert. Um gezieltere Aussagen über Enthaftungen und Rißbildungen zu ermöglichen und um Haftungsmechanismen über die Enthaftungsvorgänge aufzuklären wurde begonnen, Amplituden- und Frequenzanalysen der Schallemission von beschichteten Metallen vorzunehmen.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 187
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 289-297 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Coating with PVD-TechniquesThis paper deals with the physical vapor deposition processes reviewed by the literature: the coatings, the influence of different parameters on the properties of these coatings, the deposition rates.
    Notes: Anhand der Literatur wird aufgezeigt, wie die verschiedenen PVD-Verfahren (Aufdampfen, Sputtern, Ionenplattieren) ablaufen, welche Schichten erzeugt werden können, wodurch die Schichteigenschaften beeinflußt werden können und wie hoch die Beschichtungsraten sind.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 188
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 298-300 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Material - Design - Production
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 189
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 190
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Bei thermischen Füge- und Trennverfahren wird dem Werkstoff Wärme zugeführt, um Diffusionsvorgänge zu erleichtern (Diffusionsschweißen, Warmpreßschweißen), den Grund- und ggf. Zusatzwerkstoff zu schmelzen (Schmelzschweißen, Schmelzschneiden), Benetzung zu ermöglichen (Löten) oder um den Werkstoff zu verbrennen (Brennschneiden, Brennbohren).In allen diesen Fällen ist mit einer mehr oder weniger ausgeprägten Werkstoffbeeinflussung zu rechnen, die teils erwünscht, in der Regel aber unerwünscht ist (Abb. 1, 2). Nachfolgend soll versucht werden, diese Werkstoffbeeinflussung anhand einiger Beispiele systematisch darzustellen.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 191
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 121-127 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthetic Structural Members under Temperature Loading-Calculation of Residual Stresses in an Injection-Molded Piece of Synthetic MaterialThe analysis of strength of synthetic structural members under temperatur loading is made with an extended form of the finite element method. It is assumed, that synthetic materials behave like linear viscoelastic or like thermorheological simple material. The calculation of residual stresses in injection-molded pieces during and after the cooling procedure is performed with the developed programs.
    Notes: Mit einer erweiterten Form der Methode der finiten Elemente werden Festigkeitsprobleme von Kunststoffbauteilen unter Temperaturbelastung gelöst. Dabei wird berücksichtigt, daß sich Kunststoffe wie ein linear viskoelastisches Material bzw. wie ein thermorheologisch einfaches Material verhalten. Mit dem Programm wurden Eigenspannungen, die nach dem Herstellungsvorgang in Spritzgußteilen zurückbleiben, bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 192
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 128-132 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A Simple Method of Determining Valid Fracture Toughness Data of Cemented CarbidesFrom a comparison of published data it follows that a valid determination of the fracture toughness of cemented carbides depends on the use of samples containing sharp cracks. It is shown that using the technique of controlled fracture experiments sharp cracks of a given length can be introduced easily and reproducibly into bend specimens. A new evaluation method permits the fracture toughness to be calculated without knowing the crack length if the compliance of the pre-cracked specimen is measured. The KIc values determined in this way are characterized by a very small scatter and agree well with data from the literature which were obtained from specimens of similar composition. A comparison of the flaw size calculated from KIc and the bend strength to the failure size detected in fractographic studies shows very good agreement.
    Notes: Ein Vergleich von Literaturergebnissen ergibt, daß die Bruchzähigkeit von Hartmetallen nur dann gültig bestimmt wird, wenn Proben mit scharfen Anrissen benutzt werden. Es wird gezeigt, daß mit Hilfe der Technik des kontrollierten Bruchversuchs scharfe Anrisse vorgegebener Länge in Biegeproben leicht und reproduzierbar erzeugt werden können. Eine neuartige Auswertemethode gestattet es, die Bruchzähigkeit ohne Kenntnis der Rißlänge zu ermitteln, wenn statt dessen die Nachgiebigkeit der Nachgiebigkeit der angerissenen Probe gemessen wird. Die so bestimmten KIc -Werte weisen eine sehr geringe Streuung auf und stimmen mit Literaturwerten, die über ebenfalls scharf angerissene Hartmetalle ähnlicher Zusammensetzung bekannt sind, gut überein. Der Vergleich zwischen der aus KIc und der Bruchspannung berechneten Fehlergröße mit der fraktographisch gefundenen zeigt sehr gute Übereinstimmung.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 193
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 148-152 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Material - Design - Production
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 194
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 132-140 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einige Besonderheiten von Legierungen für Auslaßventile von VerbrennungskraftmaschinenAusscheidungsgehärtete austenitische Werkstoffe und Superlegierungen auf Nickelbasis werden hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendung als Auslaßventile bewertet. Die Bewertung geschieht unter den Gesichtspunkten der metallurgischen Eigenschaften, der Umgebungseinflüsse und der Festigkeit bei hohen Temperaturen. Die ausscheidungsgehärteten austenitischen Werkstoffe zeichnen sich durch ihre gute Sulfidationsbeständigkeit und Festigkeit bei hohen Temperaturen aus. Eine gute Bleioxydkorrosionsbeständigkeit wird durch niedrige Siliziumgehalte in nickelhaltigen Legierungen erreicht.Stabile Legierungen zeigen die besten Hochtemperaturfestigkeitswerte, die noch weiter durch Lösungsglühen und Ausscheidungshärten verbessert werden können. Das Ausscheidungshärten unterhalb der optimalen Temperatur von 760 °C macht das Gefüge empfindlich durch Korngrenzenbelegung und niedrige Schlagzähigkeitswerte, wahrend bei höheren Temperaturen mehr ungleichmäßige Phasen entstehen. Die Zufügung von hochschmelzenden Elementen kann für den Oxydationswiderstand solcher Legierungen schädlich sein. Die besten Hochtemperaturfestigkeitswerte und Bleioxyd- und Oxydationsbeständigkeit wird bei den Superlegierungen auf Nickelbasis beobachtet. Diese Legierungen sind sehr beständig und haben höchste Festigkeiten bei hohen Temperaturen, ebenfalls in Verbindung mit einer Lösungsglüh- und Alterungsbehandlung. Diese Legierungen zeigen niedrigere Sulfidationsbeständigkeit im Vergleich zu ausscheidungsgehärteten austenitischen Werkstoffen, jedoch kann dies durch höhere Chromgehalte kompensiert werden.
    Notes: The PH stainless steels and the nickel-base superalloys, can be evaluated for exhaust valve applications by considering their metallurgical, environmental and high temperature strength properties. The PH stainless steels are characterized by their good sulfidation and high temperature strength. Good PbO corrosion resistance is achieved with the low silicon, nickel containing alloys. Stable alloys show the greatest high temperature strength which can be improved further by a solution and age treatment. Aging below the optimum temperature of 760°C results in grain boundary sensitization and low impact properties while higher temperatures produce more of the discontinuous phase. The addition of refractory elements can be detrimental to the oxidation resistance of these alloys.The highest elevated temperature strength and best PbO and oxidation resistance is achieved with the nickel-base superalloys. These alloys are completely stable and highest strength at elevated temperatures is achieved with a solution and age treatment. These alloys show lower sulfidation corrosion resistance relative to the PH stainless steels, however this can be improved with higher chromium contents.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 195
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A33 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 196
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 197
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A40 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 198
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. A38 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 199
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978), S. 153-164 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Scanning electron microscopic investigation of high polymersIn accordance with the numerous forms in which high polymers appear, the applications of the scanning electron microscope in the investigation of these materials are of many different kinds. The depth of focus of the SEM is so great that widely differing surfaces, including rough fracture surfaces, can be imaged. Applications relating to textile microscopy, the weathering of pigmented paint films, the destructive effects of chemicals on plastics, fracture investigations on thermoplastics, and measurements on foamed plastics and bone cements are described. In addition the SEM provides opportunities for dynamic experiments, as well as enabling the various interactions between electrons and matter to be utilized for discrimination of materials (e.g. by cathodoluminescence) and - when the SEM is used in conjunction with an X-ray spectrometer - for microanalysis. X-ray micrography enables the distribution of pigment and filler agglomerates, glass fibres, pores etc. to be investigated in samples of relatively large volume with a good prospect that representative findings will be obtained.
    Notes: Entsprechend den zahlreichen Erscheinungsformen von Hochpolymeren sind die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Rasterelektronenmikroskops vielfältig. Die große Schärfentiefe des REM erlaubt die Abbildung differenzierter und rauher Bruch- bzw. Oberflächen. Es wird über Anwendungen aus den Bereichen Textilmikroskopie, Bewitterung pigmentierter Anstrichfilme, Chemikalienangriff an Kunststoffen, Bruchuntersuchungen an Thermoplasten, Messungen an Schaumstoffen und Knochenzementen berichtet. Weiterhin bietet das REM die Möglichkeit zur Durchführung dynamischer Experimente sowie zur Ausnutzung der verschiedenen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Elektronen und Materie zur Materialdifferenzierung (z. B. Kathodolumineszenz) und zur Mikroanalyse (durch Kopplung mit einem Röntgenspektrometer). Die Röntgenmikrographie ermöglicht die repräsentative Erfassung der Verteilung von Pigment- und Füllstoffagglomeraten, Glasfasern, Poren etc. in relativ groß Probenvolumina.
    Additional Material: 26 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 9 (1978) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...