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  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (566)
  • 1976  (566)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (566)
  • Nuclear reactions
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 1-4 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Coupling between P and (N)—H has been observed in the 1H{14N}NMR spectra of a series of phosphorus substituted thioformamides, R12/P(X)C(S)NHR2. For R2 = H one of the two couplings constants 3J(PCNH) is much larger than the other. The larger constant is assumed to be 3J(PCNH) (trans) and the magnitude of 3J(PCNH) for several compounds with R2 = Me or Ph is used to assign the configuration about the C(S)—N bond.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 5-10 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carbon-13 chemical shifts of all twenty-two dimethylcyclohexanols, formed by the hydrogenation of isomeric xylenols, have been measured and assigned. Conformational peculiarities of dimethylcyclohexanols are discussed on the basis of their carbon-13 chemical shifts.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 11-16 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A computerised library search system for 13C NMR data is described. Given the spectral data of an unknown compound, the system will retrieve from the library those reference compounds exhibiting similar spectra. For comparison the spectral data are converted into a binary code, designed to reflect the underlying structure rather than exact values for chemical shifts. Thus, the ability of the system to retrieve compounds similar to the unknown (as opposed to identical) is greatly enhanced. A sophisticated search strategy adapting itself automatically to the problem at hand makes the system highly efficient.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 17-18 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structure of pyrazine partially oriented in a liquid crystal has been determined from its proton magnetic resonance spectrum utilising the 13C satellites (at natural abundance). Carbon-carbon, carbon-hydrogen and hydrogen-hydrogen internuclear distance ratios have been determined.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 19-20 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectra of substituted methylphosphonic acids have been determined as a function of pH. A method has been developed for measuring the 31P shift indirectly by optimal heteronuclear decoupling of the 1H spectra of samples and standards. Control experiments have demonstrated the broad applicability of this technique to the characterization of low milligram samples of N-phosphonomethylglycine and potential metabolites.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 21-27 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C NMR spectra of 1-methyl-, 1-phenyl- and 1, 6-dimethyl-pyridinium-3-oxide, 3-methylphthalazinium 1-oxide and anhydro-3-methanesulphonamido-1-methylpyridinium hydroxide, together with the corresponding amines and quaternary salts, were determined with and without proton noise-decoupling. The assignment of resonances was based on the analysis of the fine splitting pattern caused by long range couplings whenever appropriate. A procedure for the estimation of chemical shifts of the salts and betaines is proposed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 28-33 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Quantitative analyses have been carried out by 13C NMR spectroscopy using Fourier transformation. The Overhauser effect, due to the broad band decoupling of protons, has been suppressed using the two existing methods (gated decoupling and paramagnetic species), and results from each are compared. Both require a calibration curve, and the second method, when applied to aromatic substances, needs the ratio between the sample to be analysed and the paramagnetic species to be less than a certain value. Experiments have been made with pure products and blends of pure products containing both saturated and aromatic carbons. The precision of the results is given.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 34-39 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C and 119Sn NMR spectra of 33 organotin compounds of the type RSnMenCl3 - n and related types are discussed. The substituent effects of the groups SnMe3, SnMe2Cl, SnMeCl2 and SnCl3 (and of some related groups) on the carbon chemical shifts in the alkyl group R have been determined; the SnMe3 group causes a small upfield shift of the carbon attached to it, while the other groups cause downfield shifts. The shifts show a monotonic change on replacing methyl groups in Me3Sn by chlorine atoms. The effects on carbons further removed from the tin atom are discussed. Variation in R causes little change in nJ(Sn—C) or δ(119Sn).
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 45-48 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Proton magnetic resonance spectra at 100 MHz are described for some zinc complexes of the E- and Z-isomers of pyridine-2-carbaldehyde 2′-pyridylhydrazone in d6-dimethylsulphoxide solution. Chemical shift data are discussed qualitatively in relation to factors such as the charge on the metal ion, the anisotropy of ligand nitrogen atoms, electric field effects caused by the dipole moment of nitrogen lone pairs, metal-nonbonded-hydrogen interactions, ring current effects and the conformational changes undergone by each isomer on coordination.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 40-44 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Proton and 13C NMR data are presented for six different compounds containing the fragment C6H5—C—CH2SiMe3. In a number of instances it was observed that, in the 1H NMR spectrum, the SiMe3 groups had a chemical shift significantly upfield from internal tetramethylsilane (δ = -0·14 to -0·36). These unexpected upfield chemical shifts of the SiMe3 groups are suggested to result from the predominance, on a time averaged basis, of conformations which place the methyl groups attached to silicon in the face of an aromatic ring. The preference for such conformations is, in turn, the result of rotational preferences exhibited by the ‘flat’ aromatic ring. These results suggest that conformational analysis of systems containing a phenyl ring should take more explicit account of the fact that the preferred orientation of this phenyl ring can have a profound influence on the conformation adopted by the remainder of the molecule. In addition, the preferred conformation of the phenyl ring can have a significant effect upon the observed 1H NMR chemical shifts, while the 13C chemical shifts are relatively insensitive to conformational factors and can be explained by well-known substituent effects previously delineated for all-carbon systems.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 49-55 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The complete analysis of the 1H NMR spectra of the six acetylated glycals as well as that of tetra-O-acetyl-2-hydroxy-D-glucal has been carried out. The conformation of these compounds, as determined from the proton couplings (±0.05Hz) obtained, has been interpreted in terms of a rapid interconversion equilibrium between the two possible dihydropyran half-chair conformations. A computer treatment of all observed couplings has been carried out to obtain optimized values for the populations and couplings characteristic of the two alternative half-chair conformations. The rotamer populations of the acetoxy-methyl group are discussed on the basis of the measured 5J16 and 5J36 couplings.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It has been shown by NMR spectroscopy that both 4-nitrobenzofurazan and 4-nitrobenzofuroxan give isomeric σ-adducts, which result from methoxide addition at the non-substituted 5-and 7-carbons.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 59-61 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experiments are described which prove the assignments of the α- and β-protons in the 1H NMR spectra of methyl phaeophorbide a (1) and methyl pyrophaeophorbide a (2). Because of the structural relationship between derivatives of the bacteriochlorophylls d (5) and 2, dehydration of 5 results in a homologue mixture [2-(des-α-hydroxyethyl)-2-vinyl-bacteriomethyl phaeophorbide] d (6) of 2. Since the homologue substituents in 6 are located at C-4 and C-5 surrounding the β-H position, and since only one broad signal appears in its 1H NMR spectrum, this is assigned to the β-proton. This experiment proves that the sequence of increasing shielding is β, α and δ in 6; and, therefore, the same sequence applies to the 1H NMR spectra of 1 and 2. This knowledge reveals that the product of electrochemical reduction of 1 in deuteromethanol is exclusively an α-chlorin-phlorin (8). In addition, the 1H NMR spectrum of the 2-vinyl derivatives of the bacteriomethyl phaeophorbides c (7) shows the same broad signal at lowest field as does that of 6. The sequence of increasing shielding is therefore, β, α. The influence of the additional δ-methyl group in 7 on the ring current is explained.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C chemical shifts of more than fifty bicyclo[3.2.1]octane and bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivatives (hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones and esters) have been determined. The usefulness of ethyl derivatives for the assignment of close 13C chemical shifts in bicyclic methyl derivatives is shown both for the bicyclo[3.2.1]octane and bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane series. Comparison of substituent effects on α-, β-, γ- and δ-carbons in both series of compounds shows remarkable differences in steric interactions. In contrast to the rigid bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane system, both chair and boat conformations can be predominant in the bicyclo[3.2.1]octane series with the conformationally flexible 6-membered ring.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 62-73 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Benzothiazolinic spiropyrans, merocyanines and photomerocyanines, thermally stabilised to a high degree, have been studied by means of Fourier transform 1H and 13C NMR. The results show the polarity of open forms such as merocyanines and photomerocyanines, their trans configuration, the alternation of the electronic density on the dimethine bridge between the ‘benzothiazolinic’ and ‘phenolate’ part of these molecules, and also a favoured configuration when photomerocyanines have an alkoxy or aryloxy group on the 3 position.
    Notes: Une étude comparative en RMN 13C et 1H par transformée de Fourier a été réalisée sur des spiropyrannes, des mérocyanines et des photomérocyanines hautement stabilisées thermiquement, en série benzothiazolinique. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence la polarité des formes ouvertes (mérocyanines et photomérocyanines stables), de façon générale leur configuration trans, la répartition alternée des densités électroniques sur le pont diméthinique reliant les parties ‘benzothiazolinique’ et ‘phénolate’ de ces molécules, l'existence d'une configuration privilégiée dans le cas de photomérocyanines où un groupement alkoxy ou aryloxy occupe la position 3.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 79-89 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C chemical shifts for twenty-nine alkyl and phenyl substituted N-unsubstituted aziridines have been measured. Additivity parameters for methyl, phenyl and aziridyl carbons have been derived with the aim of testing the consistency of the assignments made on the basis of chemical shift considerations and off-resonance decoupling information. The observed chemical shifts are discussed in terms of steric and pseudoconjugation effects.
    Additional Material: 13 Tab.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The configuration and favoured conformations of 1,2-dialkyl-(or alkyl-phenyl)-7-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane diastereoisomers have been determined by means of 13C NMR. The substituent in position-2 is ‘pseudo-axial’ in cis isomers and ‘pseudo-equatorial’ in trans isomers.
    Notes: L'étude des spectres RMN 13C de dialkyl-1,2 (ou alkylphényl) aza-7 bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane diastéréoisomères nous a permis de déterminer leur configuration et leurs conformations priviligiées. Dans les isomères de configuration cis le substituant en position 2 est ‘pseudoaxial’ alors qu'il est ‘pseudo-équatorial’ pour ceux de configuration trans.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 102-107 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1H and 13C NMR data are reported for hexamethylenetetramine (hexamine), 7-nitro-1,3,5-triazaadamantane and some of their quaternary derivatives. INDO molecular orbital calculations have been performed on these molecules to aid the interpretation of their spectra.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 21
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The 1H NMR spectra of a series of cis and trans-3R,4 X-cyclohexanones (-2,2,6,6-d4) are analysed. By comparison of their 3J coupling constants with those of cyclohexane homologues we obtain information about the chair-chair equilibrium constants for R = CH3, X = CN, the chair structure of cis isomers with an equatorial t-butyl group, and a conformational heterogeneity with trans (CH3)3C and CN groups. This latter situation is analysed by means of a simplified but controlled Karplus relationship, on the basis of a mixture of two conformers; this involves a diequatorial chair and a boat form with a dihedral angle Φ34 of about -6°.
    Notes: Les spectres RMN du proton d'une série de R-3 X-4 cyclohexanone (d4-2,2,6,6), cis et trans sons analysés. La comparaison des constantes de couplage vicinales avec celles des homologues cyclohexaniques conduit à préciser les équilibres conformationnels chaise-chaise pour R = CH3, X = CN, la structure chaise des isomères cis avec un groupement t-butyl équatorial et l'existence d'un équilibre conformationnel lorque les groupements (CH3)3C et CN sont trans. Cette dernière situation est analysée au moyen d'une relation de Karplus simplifiée, mais controlée, et dans l'hypothèse d'un mélange de deux conformères. Dans ces conditions, seuls peuvent être impliqués les conformères chaise diéquatorial et bateau (angle dièdre Φ34 de l'ordre de -6°C).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 22
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C NMR spectra have been determined of: (i) aliphatic compounds having at one end a functionalized sulphur atom (—SH, —S-, —SMe, —S(O)Me, —SO2Me and —S+Me2) and (ii) saturated sulphur heterocycles variously substituted at the S-atom . The results are discussed in terms of the familiar deshielding effects for α- and β-carbons and shielding effects for γ-carbons, exerted by the sulphur atom itself and/or by the atoms or groups of which the sulphur function is made up. The γ-effect of the S-atom appears to be nearly independent of the nature of the S-function and of comparable magnitude to that of an aliphatic carbon (-2·5 + -3·0 ppm). Surprisingly, however, a S—CH3 group shields the carbon in γ position with respect to CH3 by an amount (-5·4 ppm) which is more than twice that (-2·5 ppm) exerted by the aliphatic γ-carbon on the S-CH3 carbon itself. As to the cyclic compounds, the shieldings of the α- and β-carbons can be rationalized in terms of the conformational orientation of the substituent at sulphur, and the equilibrium distribution of the conformers. The results confirm the great value of 13C NMR for configurational and conformational assignment of S-heterocycles.
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  • 23
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The isomeric benzeneazodipyrromethene derivatives, obtained from the reaction of bilirubin and a phenyldiazonium salt were separated as their corresponding methyl esters. The lanthanide-induced chemical shifts, coupling constants and double irradiation experiments permit direct assignment of methyl and vinyl substituent positions in these bilirubin-derived isomers.
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 120-125 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1H and 13C NMR spectra of 15N-methylaniline, 15N-methylphenylpropargylamine and 15N-methylphenylpropynylamine have been studied. The s character of nitrogen, deduced from 1J(15N—13Csp3) and 1J(15N—13Csp2), indicates that nitrogen hybridisation is intermediate between sp3 and sp2 in 15N-methylaniline and 15N-methylphenylpropargylamine, while nitrogen is sp2 in the α-acetylenic amine. The 1J(15N—13Csp)cou pling constant calculated with the help of Binsch's relation does not agree with the experimental value, suggesting that orbital and dipolar mechanisms make substantial contributions to this coupling constant.
    Notes: Les trois amines 15N-méthylaniline, 15N-méthylphénylpropargylamine et 15N-méthylphénylpropynylamine ont été étudiées par RMN du 1H et 13C. Les grandeurs des couplages 1J(15N—13Csp3) et 1J(15N—13Csp2) indiquent que l'hybridation de l'azote est intermédiaire entre sp3 et sp2 dans le 15N-méthylaniline et la 15N-méthylphénylpropargylamine mais est sp2 dans l'amine α-acétylénique. La valeur du couplage 1J(15N—13Csp), calculée à l'aide de la relation de Binsch, est plus faible que la valeur expérimentale, ce qui suggère que les mécanismes orbitalaire et dipolaire apportent une contribution non négligeable à ce couplage.
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  • 25
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    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 132-136 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple formula for evaluation of rates of exchange in paripartite A ⇌ B systems is introduced. It is concerned only with the intensity ratio in a two-site system in much the same way as that of Rogers and Woodbrey, but the new formula is also applicable above the coalescence point of the spectrum. The formula has been applied to the classical case of N,N-dimethyltrichloroacetamide. An error analysis demonstrates that the approximations inherent in the derivation of the new formula lead to smaller errors than do those of Rogers and Woodbrey.
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  • 26
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    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 137-140 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The chemical shifts and coupling constants for the ring protons of fourteen monosubstituted naphthalenes in carbon tetrachloride solution have been obtained by analysis and computer simulation of their 100 MHz magnetic resonance spectra. Studies at several concentrations have enabled shifts extrapolated to infinite dilution to be obtained and concentration effects arising from solute-solute interactions to be determined.
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  • 27
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 170-172 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C n.m.r. spectra of four classes of N-aryl sulphur-nitrogen compounds are discussed. The para carbon shieldings of the N-phenyl derivatives reflect the substituents effects of the various nitrogen groups. These show large differences for the four classes of compounds due to differences in the electronic structure of the sulphur-nitrogen bond.
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  • 28
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 165-169 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C chemical shifts of the sixteen bridgehead substituted mono-, di-, tri- and tetrahaloadamantanes (halo = F, Cl, Br, I) and four mixed 1,3-dihaloadamantanes are reported. The effect of bridgehead halogens on the shift values of carbons in β and δ positions is well correlated by the simple additivity relationship based on substituent shifts of 1-monohaloadamantanes. A substituted α-carbon is shifted upfield with an increase in the number of halogens at other bridgehead positions and this shift is relatively greater in the order F 〈 Cl 〈 Br 〈 I. This observed upfield shift of α-carbons is opposite to the downfield shift expected from additivity. An unsubstituted bridgehead γ-carbon is moved to lower fields by one, two and three bromines (or iodines) at other bridge-heads while, in contrast, a third fluorine weakly shields the remaining unsubstituted γ-carbon. Some special noncumulative effects of halogens operating across the 1,3-bridgehead positions of adamantane are indicated by the data. The 19F chemical shifts of 1-fluoro-, 1,3-difluoro-, 1,3,5-trifluoro- and 1,3,5,7-tetrafluoroadamantanes are contrary to expectations based on inductive effects in that they move progressively upfield. Other 1-fluoroadamantanes with chloro, bromo, or methyl groups present also show substituent-induced chemical shifts which shield the fluorine.
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  • 29
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 173-176 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to study netural imines formed from various aldehydes and primary amines in aqueous solution. The imines are then extracted into CDCl3 and their formation constants in the aqueous phase are calculated as a function of pD. The results are in agreement with previous studies. Decoupling experiments are used to prove that additional splitting of the proton spectrum is due to long range coupling rather than syn-anti isomerism. The possibility of utilizing the formation of Schiff bases in aqueous solution for synthetic purposes is discussed and the 13C magnetic resonance spectrum of the imine, isolated from the reaction of 2-thiophenecarbaldehyde and n-butylamine, is reported.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 30
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 177-179 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The barriers to rotation about the pivot bonds in with n = 8 or 10 and R = CH2C6H5, CH2COOH, CH2COOCH3 or CH(CH3)2 were studied. ΔG≠ values were found to be 〉 24 kcal. mol-1. The solvent, the temperature, and the concentration dependence of the double magnetically non-equivalent methylenic protons and methyl groups were studied.
    Notes: Die Rotationsbarriere um die Pivot-Bindungen in mit n = 8 oder 10 und R = CH2C6H5, CH2COOH, CH2COOCH3 oder CH(CH3)2 wurde studiert; ΔG≠ Werte wurden 〉 24 Kcal/Mol. gefunden. Die Lösungsmittel-, Temperature- und Konzentrationsabhängigkeit der doppelten, magnetisch nichtäquivalenten Methylenprotonen bzw. Methylgruppen wurde untersucht.
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  • 31
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 180-182 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The carboxyl proton chemical shifts of trimethylacetic acid, which was dissolved in acetone and in binary mixtures of acetone and cyclohexane, have been measured as a function of concentration at temperatures of 0, +15, +30, +45 and +60 °C. The results obtained for the system studied, using the equilibrium constant method for interpretation of experimental data, indicate that the molecular association through hydrogen bonds occurs as a monomer-cyclic dimer-1:1 complex equilibrium process in the low concentration range (up to 0·08 mol fraction). The equilibrium constants of complexation and dimerization, the chemical shifts of the acid in the complex, and the thermodynamic parameters of complexation and dimerization have been calculated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 32
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 205-207 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C chemical shifts of nine ortho-substituted phenols have been determined in cyclohexane and in dimethyl sulfoxide. All data were acquired in duplicate upon c.w. and FT instrumentation and both sets of data are presented.The chemical shifts at carbons 1, 2 and 3 are correlated with the parameter Q. Q has been defined as P/Ir3 where P is the polarizability of the adjacent C—X bond, I is the first ionization potential of the elements F, Cl, Br, I and H, and r is the C—X bond length. Experimental values of Q are available for other substituents. The field and resonance parameters of Swain and Lupton may be combined with Q to form a three part multiple regression correlation which is more exact than that with Q alone and which applies to all carbons in the aromatic ring.The results of this study suggest that only one value of the Q parameter is needed to characterize the behavior of the nitro group in these solvent systems. This conclusion is contrasted with earlier results of the effect of substituents on proton chemical shifts in these systems.
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  • 33
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 208-212 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of 15N labeled 2-acylpyrroles was prepared and the nitrogen and proton n.m.r. spectra obtained. 15N chemical shifts for these compounds are reported for the first time. No correlation between the nitrogen chemical shift and any Hammett substituent constant could be found. No variation in J(15N—H) was observed for any compound with changes in solvent, temperature or concentration, ruling out any observable tautomeric equilibria for these systems. An increase in J(15N—H) with the addition of electron withdrawing groups indicates increasing polarization of the N—H bond and acidity of these molecules. Two and three bond 15N couplings are also reported.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 34
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 219-223 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C n.m.r. pulsed Fourier transform spectra were measured and interpreted for actinomycin D and for two related peptide derivatives: BOC-Pro-Sar-OCH3 and BOC-Sar-Meval-OCH3. Actinomycin D, specifically enriched with 13C in the chromophoric C-methyl and in the peptide N-methyl carbons, was produced biosynthetically. Enrichment of specific N-methyl carbons in the model peptides was effected synthetically. Spectral assignments relied on the use of the enriched samples and particularly on off-resonance and selective low power 1H decoupling experiments. Poor correlation was observed between some of the 13C chemical shifts in the model compounds and those of the analogous carbons in actinomycin D. Ten of our 13C assignments for actinomycin D differ from those published by Hollstein, Breitmaier and Jung.
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  • 35
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 213-218 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C n.m.r. spectra twelve isocyanides, RNC, and their Cu(I) complexes, Cu(RNC)4BF4, were recorded in the solvents CDCl3 and DMSO. The resonances of the isocyano carbon, C0, could be observed for both free and coordinated isocyanides. In the spectra of the complexes this C0 resonance was present as a broad line. For some complexes the 14N—13C0 coupling could only be detected after heating the sample or by adding small amounts (〈7 mo1%) of Cu(CH3CN)4BF4. For the remaining complexes neither J(14N—13C0) nor J(14N—13C1), could be detected. No carbon-copper coupling could be detected. The line shape of C0 is discussed in terms of exchange of an isocyanide ligand and in terms of quadrupolar nitrogen and copper relaxation. In most complexes exchange seems to be dominant, whereas in other complexes quadrupolar nitrogen relaxation is also of importance. On coordination of the isocyanide, the C0 resonance shifts upfield (15 to 20 ppm) and J(14N—13C0) shows a threefold increase. The upfield shift is associated with a larger excitation energy while the increase of J(14N—13C0) is ascribed to a larger effective nuclear charge on C0. The chemical shifts of the α-carbon, the β-carbon and the solvent effect on all n.m.r. parameters in both free and coordinated isocyanides are also discussed.
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  • 36
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 224-225 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1H n.m.r. spectra of some derivatives of oxonic acid are described which augment the evidence that oxonic acid has a 6-membered ring structure and indicate that allantoxaidin exists predominantly in its monoenolic form.
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  • 37
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 226-227 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C n.m.r. spectra of some substituted isoxazoles have been examined to ascertain the reactive site in the metallation of 4-substituted 3,5-dimethylisoxazoles. The results obtained indicate that metallation occurred exclusively at the C-5 methyl.
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  • 38
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 228-228 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Typical sets of values for vicinal gauche coupling constants are given, allowing configurational predications in pyranose chairs.
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  • 39
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 40
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. A8 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 41
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 42
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 233-236 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: From ΔGTc≠ values obtained by 1H and 13C dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the same dynamic process, it is possible to estimate ΔH≠ and ΔS≠. Nevertheless, the accuracy of the temperature measurement is a factor which limits the applicability of this method. A very simple procedure for calibrating the usual temperature sensors is described, which can be applied to all types of n.m.r. probes. By the use of this procedure it is possible to measure coalescence temperatures in 1H and 13C n.m.r. with such an accuracy that ΔS≠ can be effectively determined from the difference between ΔGTc≠ values.
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  • 43
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 229-232 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C n.m.r. spectra have been measured for thirty-two polychloroalkenes including (i) monosubstituted compounds CH2=CHCClnH2-nX, where —X stands for —H, —Cl, alkyl, and trisubstituted alkenes CCl2=CHAlk, none of which form geometric isomers; (ii) disubstituted compounds RCH=CHR′; (iii) and (iv) trisubstituted compounds of the types RCCl=CHR′ and CHCl=CClR, respectively. Compounds (ii) to (iv) represent either individual isomers or mixtures of the Z and E forms. In the case of compounds (ii) and (iii), the ordering of chemical shifts is δE 〉 δZ for the sp2-carbon atoms and δE 〈 δz for the adjacent tetrahedral ones. On the contrary, the signals of the sp2-carbon atoms of compounds (iv) obey the rule δE 〈 δz. The effect of vinyl and allyl groups as substituents on the 13C chemical shifts of chlorine-containing groups is discussed. The dependence of the sp2-carbon spin-spin coupling constants J(13C—1H) on the number of chlorinated substituents in the molecule is also considered.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 44
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 252-257 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: All carbon resonances in the title compounds have been unequivocably assigned. Steric effects in the peri substituted compounds have been compared with analogous effects in naphthalene and benzo[b]furan. The observed effects are not explained by current theory. Unusual deshielding steric shifts are observed at some carbons. Methyl substituent effects are not additive at any position in the sterically crowded 2,3-disubstituted compounds.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 45
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 246-251 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1H NMR spectra of several aliphatic and phenyl substituted alkenediynes have been obtained. Chemical shifts and coupling constants of these compounds are discussed in conjunction with some compounds described in the literature. Chemical shifts of the protons from isomeric alkenediynes R—C≡C—C≡C—CH=CH2, R—CH=CH—C≡C—C≡CH and R—CH=CH—C≡C—C≡C—CH3 (R = H, alkyl, C6H5, C6H4OCH3-p) are well correlated with cis/trans-isomerism and electronic effects of substituents at the C=C bond. The coupling constants were found to be only slightly dependent on the substitution at the double bond. We could resolve couplings over a maximum of eight bonds in the alkenediyne system.
    Notes: Die 1H-NMR-Spektren einer Reihe aliphatisch und phenylsubstituierter Alkendiine werden vorgestellt und, unter Berücksichtigung einiger literaturbekannter Verbindungen, chemische Verschiebungen und Kopplungskonstanten diskutiert.Die chemischen Verschiebungen der Protonen der untersuchten isomeren Alkendiine R—C≡C—C≡C—CH=CH2, R—CH=CH—C≡C—C≡CH und R—CH=CH—C≡C—C≡C—CH3 (R = H, Alkyl, C6H5, C6H4OCH3-p,) lassen sich hinsichtlich cis/trans-Isomerie und Substitution an der Doppelbindung befriedigend mit elektronischen Effekten und molekularen Magnetfeldern der Mehrfachbindungen erklären. Die Kopplungs-konstanten erweisen sich als kaum abhängig von der Substitution an der Doppelbindung. Über die Diacetylengruppierung hinweg können Kopplungen über maximal acht Bindungen beobachtet werden.
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  • 46
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: cis(4-H,11b-H)-4-Aryl-1,6,7,11b-tetrahydro-2H,4H-[1,3]oxazino [4,3-a]isoquinoline and the related thiazino compound preferentially adopt in solution the O (or S) inside cis-conformation in contrast to cis(1-H,4a-H)-1-arylperhydropyrido[1,2-c][1,3]oxazine which adopts the trans fused conformation. 1-(β-Hydroxy-ethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline condenses with benzaldehyde to give the 1,3-oxazine derivative rather than the dimeric structure reported in the literature.
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  • 47
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The determination of the stereochemistry of a series of exo/endo-isomeric dihydro- and tetrahydro-dicyclopentadiene-9.10-diols (exo/exo or endo/endo), using Eu(fod)3 for separation of the signals in their 1H n.m.r. spectra, is discussed in detail. The paramagnetic shift values ΔEu determined for half-molar ratios Eu(fod)3/diol allow an unambiguous stereochemical assignment of the diols with regard to exo/endo isomerism. The ΔEu quantities are correlated with the distance Hi…O-atom (Ri).
    Notes: Die Bestimmung der Stereochemie einer Reihe exo/endo-isomerer 9.10-Dihydro- bzw. Tetrahydrodicyclopentadien-9.10-diole (exo/exo bzw. endo/endo) unter Verwendung von Eu(fod)3 zur Auftrennung ihrer 1H-NMR-Spektren wird beschrieben. Die für halbmolares Verhältnis Eu(fod)3/Diol bestimmten Verschiebungswerte ΔEu gestatten dabei eine eindeutige stereochemische Zuordnung der Verbindungen. Die ΔEu-Werte werden mit dem Abstand Hi…O-Atom (Ri) korreliert.
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  • 48
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 269-270 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C—15N coupling constants of a stable azomethine ylide, a 2-aza-1,3-diene and an O-tosyloxime have been measured. The large one-bond coupling constants (21·3 and 21·6 Hz) observed for the azomethine ylide prove the dipolar structure of this compound. For the other two compounds, two-bond coupling constants are used to derive the stereochemistry at the C,N double bond.
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  • 49
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: High field n.m.r. spectra of 2,2,6,6-tetrabromo-4-methyl- and -4-tert-butylcyclohexanones (1 and 2) have been computed and simulated. From coupling constants (Jgem, Jea, Jaa and 4J) and chemical shifts it is shown that 1 is in equilibrium in solution.This work supports the conclusions deduced from infrared data of 1 in the scissors vibration region δ(CH3).
    Notes: La comparaison après simulation des spectres RMN à haut champ des tétrabromo-2,2,6,6 méthyl-4 et tertiobutyl-4 cyclohexanones (1 et 2) nous a permis de mettre en évidence par l'étude des constantes de couplage, en particulier Jgem, Jea, Jaa et 4J et des déplacements chimiques que 1 présente à l'état dissous une isomérie de rotation.Ce travail confirme les conclusions auxquelles nous avait conduits une étude par spectroscopie d'absorption dans l'infrarouge de 1 dans la région des vibrations de déformation δ(CH3).
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  • 50
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The peri effect induced by the phenyl group has been studied in the anthracene series by means of 1H and 13C n.m.r. The chemical shifts of overcrowded protons can be explained by a combination of magnetic anisotropy and steric effects. Steric contributions amount to c. 25% of the phenyl induced shift at the peri position. Amongst published ring-current theories, only the model of Johnson and Bovey is capable of describing correctly the shielding region of the phenyl group. The unexpected shieldings and deshieldings, observed by 13C n.m.r. in the case of very hindered derivatives, is probably due to distortions of the anthracene skeleton.
    Notes: Les conséquences en RMN 1H et 13C de l'effet péri induit par un phényle ont été étudiées en série anthracénique. On a pu montrer que les contributions stériques s'élevaient à 25% de l'effet total. Le modèle de Johnson et Bovey est susceptible de décrire correctement la zone de blindage du phényle seul. En RMN 13C, les blindages et déblindages inattendus observés chez les dérivés très encombrés sont probablement liés à des distorsions du squelette anthracénique.
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  • 51
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The electronic influence of substituents on the free enthalpy of rotation around the N—B bond in aminoboranes was investigated in two series of compounds: (a) (CH3)2N=BCl (phenyl-p-X), containing the para-phenyl substituent at the boron atom, and (b) (p-X-phenyl)CH3N=B(CH3)2, containing the para-phenyl substituent at the nitrogen atom of the N—B linkage (X = —NR2, —OCH3, —C(CH3)3, —Si(CH3)3, —H, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CF3 and —NO2). By comparing the rotational barriers in corresponding compounds of both series, a reverse effect of the substituents could be observed.Electron-withdrawing substituents in the para position of the phenyl ring increase the ΔGc≠ if the phenyl group is attached to the boron atom; on the other hand, a lower ΔGc≠ is observed if the phenyl ring is bonded to the nitrogen atom of the N—B system. Substitution of the phenyl ring with electron-donating substituents in the paraposition exerts the opposite effect. Within each series of compounds, the differences of ΔGc≠ values [δ(ΔGc≠) = ΔGc≠ (X) - ΔGc≠ (X = H)] between substituted and unsubstituted compounds can be explained in terms of inductive and mesomeric effects of the ring substituents and can be correlated with the Hammett σ constant of each substituent.A comparison of the slopes of the plotted lines shows that the influence of the ring substituents is more pronounced in compounds with N-phenyl-p-X than in those with B-phenyl-p-X.
    Notes: Um den elektronischen Einfluß von Substituenten auf die freie Aktivierungsenthalpie der Rotation um die N—B-Bindung in Aminoboranen zu studieren, synthetisierten wir zwei Reihen von Verbindungen: (a) (CH3)2=BCl(Phenyl-p-X) mit para-Phenylsubstituenten am Boratom und (b) (p-X-Phenyl)CH3N—B(CH3)2 mit para-Phenylsubstituenten am Stickstoffatom der N—B-Bindung (X = —NR2, —OCH3, —C(CH3)3, —Si(CH3)3, —H, —F, —Cl, —Br, —J, —CF3 und —NO2). Beim Vergleich der Rotationsbarrieren entsprechender Verbindungen beider Reihen ist ein entgegengesetzter Effekt des Substituenteneinflusses festzustellen:Elektronenziehende p-Phenylsubstituenten erhöhen ΔGc≠, wenn der Phenylkern am Bor steht, senken ΔGc≠ jedoch, wenn er am Stickstoff der N—B-Bindung gebunden ist. Elektronenspendende p-Phenylsubstituenten zeigen das entgegengesetzte Verhalten.Die Unterschiede der ΔGc≠-Werte von substituierten und unsubstituierten Verbindungen [δ(ΔGc≠) = ΔGc≠(X) - ΔGc≠(X = H)] innerhalb jeder Reihe lassen sich gut mit den Hammett'schen σ-Konstanten der entsprechenden Substituenten korrelieren, d.h. mit Hilfe induktiver und mesomerer Substituenteneinflüsse erklären.Ein Vergleich der Steigungen der Korrelationsgeraden zeigt, daß diese Substituenteneinflüsse bei Verbindungen mit N-Phenyl-p-X wesentlich stärker sind als bei solchen mit B-Phenyl-p-X.
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  • 52
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 299-300 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C n.m.r. chemical shifts and one bond 13C, 1H coupling constants for cyclopropene and its 1- and 3-methyl derivatives as well as for methyl cyclopropane have been measured. The data for cyclopropene are 108·9 ppm and 228·2 Hz, 2·3 ppm and 167·0 Hz in the olefinic and allylic position, respectively. Substituent effects for the methyl group are discussed.
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  • 53
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The n.m.r. spectra of some 1,2,2-trisubstituted cyclopropanes are reported. Coupling constants and chemical shifts of the cyclopropane protons and their dependence on substituent effects are discussed. Conformations of benzylcyclopropane derivatives are investigated by long range magnetic shielding. The concentration dependence of the n.m.r. spectra of some 1,3-diols is explained by inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
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  • 54
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 308-309 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The complete labeling pattern of ergosterol isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown with [1-13C] acetate is detailed and the results of this study have led to a reassignment of carbons 5, 8, 12, 16, 22 and 23 in the 13C n.m.r. spectrum of ergosterol.
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  • 55
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 310-316 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C n.m.r. spectra of forty alkoxysilanes of the general type XnSi(OR)4-n (X = CH3, C6H5, H; R = CH3, C2H5, n-C3H7, i-C3H7, n-C4H9, i-C4H9, s-C4H9, n-C5H11, CH(CH3)(C6H5), C6H5) have been recorded and assigned. The chemical shifts of the α-carbon resonances of the alkoxy groups are shown to depend on both the nature of the alkoxy group and the number and type of substituents on the silicon. Regression analyses of the data give empirical substituent chemical shift (SCS) parameters for the silyl substituents. The β-carbon resonances are shown to be dependent on the presence of the silyl group, but not the specific silyl substituents.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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  • 56
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 317-320 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ‘Local’ and ‘nonlocal’ contributions to σd are calculated by INDO molecular orbital methods. It is demonstrated, by means of Pople's approach5 using ‘gauge dependent’ atomic orbitals, that σlocald is effectively constant for C, N, O or F in a number of chemically different environments and that σnonlocald is negligible. The use of Flygare's method12 produces a significant and variable ‘nonlocal’ contribution, which renders σd in this formulation comparable to the gauge dependent term in Ramsey's expression.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 57
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Significant variations of thiapyrylium chemical shifts, by comparison with their thienohomologues, are shown by 1H n.m.r. spectra of furo[3,2-c]thiapyrylium and furo[2,3-c]thiapyrylium perchlorates. The observed changes can be ascribed to a different distribution of the electron charge (mainly caused by participation of the 3d orbitals of sulphur in the thienohomologues) and to a different contribution of the ring current; this is shown by MO calculations performed by the CNDO/2 and the coupled Hartree-Fock methods, respectively.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 58
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 324-326 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The signal identifications of isobenzopyrylium salts has been achieved on the basis of proton broad-band and off-resonance decoupled 13C n.m.r. spectra of twelve different 1-arylisobenzopyrylium salts and eight model compounds. From the 13C shifts valuable information about pK values, the aromatic character and the conjugative effects of isobenzopyrylium salts was obtained.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 59
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 327-328 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C n.m.r. chemical shifts of the sp-hybridized carbons in dialkylcarbodiimides have values of δc ≃ 140. These shifts are compared with those of similarly hybridized carbons occuring in other classes of compounds.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 60
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The 1H n.m.r. spectra of some derivatives of 4-methyl (or 4-phenyl) 1,3,2-dioxa- and 1,3,2-dithiaphospholanes are analysed. The configurational study of the compounds has been investigated. The torsional angle of the C4—C5 fragment is calculated and the ring conformation in solution is discussed.
    Notes: Les spectres de RMN du proton d'une série de dérivés des méthyl-4 (ou phényl-4) dioxa- et dithiaphospholanes-1,3,2 sont analysés. La configuration de ces composés est précisée. L'angle de torsion de la liaison C4—C5 est calculée et la conformation du cycle à l'état dissous est proposée.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 61
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 432-435 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The amounts of boat (A) and planar (B) forms for the equilibrium state in D2O and CD3OD/d6-DMSO (1:1) were calculated for seven proline-containing cyclic dipeptides from their 13C n.m.r. spectra. For c-Pro-Val the thermodynamic functions for the conversion between the boat and planar forms have been obtained from measurements of equilibrium constants at different temperatures.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 62
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 436-437 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The intermolecular Overhauser effect {1H}—13C is studied on two binary systems chloroform/carbon disulfide and chloroform/acetone. Some comments are made concerning the use of these measurements for the study of intermolecular interactions in solution.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 63
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 419-425 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A tabulation has been compiled for twenty 13C—H coupling constants of various carboxylic acids and includes 2J(C,H), 3J(C,H) and 4J(C,H) values of olefins (both cis and trans); 3J(C,H), 4J(C,H) and 5J(C,H) values of aromatics; 3J(C,H) and 4J(C,H) values of acetylenes; and 2J(C,H) and 3J(C,H) values of rigid aliphatics. This tabulation has been completed in the present study by the spin-tickling proton n.m.r. study of 13C-carboxyl-endo-1,2,3,4,7,7-hexachloronorbornene-5-carboxylic acid, which has established that the 2J(C,H) value is negative and the 3J(C,H) values (both cis and trans) are positive in this system. A plot of these twenty J(C,H) values vs the corresponding J(H,H) values of geometrically equivalent model systems (where there is a proton in place of a carboxyl group) gives a correlation coefficient of 0·975 (with a slope of 0·62), indicating that carbon-proton and proton-proton couplings operate by similar mechanisms throughout this broad series of structural types.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 64
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. A5 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 65
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 438-438 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 15N13C coupling constants in 15N labelled azaadamantane have been measured and interpreted in terms of their conformational dependence as compared with 15N-quinuclidine.
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  • 66
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 67
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 439-443 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C chemical shifts for 23 para- and meta-substituted chalcones of the types 1 and 2 have been determined. The aromatic shieldings are compared with previous results for other aromatic derivatives. Correlations of the 13C chemical shifts of vinyl carbons and carbonyl carbons as well as ring carbons with Hammett σ parameters, π electron densities and the reactivity parameters of Swain and Lupton provide a consistent picture of electronic effects transmitted through the carbon framework of the compounds studied.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 68
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 444-448 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1H and 13C spectra of mono-and disubstituted (benzene)-tricarbonylchromium complexes have been analysed. The influence of the substituents is discussed and special attention is paid to the diastereotopy resulting from different types of chirality. The racemic pseudosymmetric isomer and the two meso pseudoasymmetric isomers of the glycols (OC)3CrC6H4(CHOHCH3)2 are compared. The stereochemical requirements are also examined.
    Notes: L'analyse des spectres RMN 1H et 13C d'une série de benchrotrènes mono-et disubstitués a permis de discuter l'influence des substituants et spécialement les diastéréotopies associées à plusieurs types de chiralité. La forme racémique (pseudosymétrique) et les deux formes meso (pseudoasymétriques) des glycols (OC)3CrC6H4(CHOHCH3)2 sont comparées. Les implications stéréochimiques des résultats sont examinées.
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  • 69
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The spectra of A2BC spin systems provided by the 19F nuclei in cis (RO) (MeO)TeF4 and (RO) (Me2N)TeF4 (R = Me, Et, Pr, i-Pr) have been recorded and analysed. The geminal coupling constants 2J(F,F) range from 137-174 Hz and trends in the 19F chemical shifts permit complete assignment of the resonances. Stereospecific coupling between 19F and the protons of the N-methylamino groups is also observed.
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  • 70
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Different applications of the selective population inversion technique in an n.m.r. study of 3,6-epoxypentacyclo-[6.2.1.02,7.04,10.05,9] undecane have been demonstrated. The intensity gain accompanying heteronuclear 13C - {1H} experiments allowed the detection of fine structure due to long range C—H couplings otherwise hidden in normal proton coupled 13C spectra. Definite assignments of two very similar, directly bonded, C—H couplings within a methylene group have been made.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 71
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The preferential conformation of 3-formyl and 3-acetyl furans, thiophenes, pyrroles and some 3-acyl furans are determined by use of simulated lanthanide induced shifts. The ratios of the different rotamers are similar to those obtained by other n.m.r. methods. This result shows that the complexation does not induce any change in the conformational preference, and thus validates the use of the foregoing method for the conformational analysis of heteroaromatic aldehydes and ketones. In the three heterocycles studied, the carbonyl group shows an X—O trans preferential conformation for the aldehydes and a mixed equilibrium in the case of acetyl groups.
    Notes: La détermination des conformations préférentielles de formyl-3 et acétyl-3 furannes, thiophènes et pyrroles, ainsi que de quelques autres acyl-3 furannes, a été effectuée par étude de la simulation des déplacements induits par les lanthanides. Les pourcentages conformationnels obtenus sont en accord avec ceux déterminés par d'autres méthodes RMN. Ceci montre que la complexation n'apporte aucun changement dans les rapports conformationnels et confirme ainsi la validité de la méthode dans l'analyse des aldéhydes et cétones hétéroaromatiques. Dans les trois hétérocycles étudiés, le groupement carbonyle montre une tr`s nette préférence pour la conformation XO trans dans le cas des aldéhydes, et un partage plus équilibré dans le cas des acétyles.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 72
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 532-535 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The longitudinal 13C spin relaxation times T1 and the 13C{1H} nuclear Overhauser enhancement were measured in a concentrated aqueous solution of the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. The correlation time for overall rotational motions of the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor molecules was found to be τR ≈ 2 × 10-8 s. In connection with previous 1H n.m.r. studies of intramolecular motions of the aromatics, we were particularly interested in the correlation times τG for intramolecular segmental motions of the aromatic rings. The present experiments revealed no manifestation of intramolecular motions of the aromatics, indicating that τG ≫ 2 × 10-8 s for the aromatic ring carbon atoms. On the other hand, rapid segmental motions were evidenced for the peripheral carbon atoms of aliphatic amino acid sidechains. Comparison of the 1H and 13C n.m.r. data on the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor indicates that the time scale of high resolution 1H n.m.r. at high fields may in many instances be more appropriate for studies of the molecular dynamics in globular proteins than the time scale of spin relaxation measurements.
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  • 73
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 74
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C n.m.r. spectra of a series of N,N-disubstituted thioamides have been recorded and signal assignments were performed. Separate signals are observed for methylene groups fixed on the nitrogen atom. Since the carbon atom syn to the thiocarbonyl sulfur resonates at higher field than the anti carbon, the syn-anti assignment in 1H n.m.r. is easily obtained by selective double irradiation. This method, which is rapid and reliable, affords a rather general solution to the interesting problem of resonance assignments in tertiary amides and thioamides (and in analogous molecules such as oximes and nitrosamines).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 75
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 539-541 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substituent shift effects on geminal protons are consistent with cumulative α-, β- and γ-effects of a long chain substituent, e.g. whereby not only the first, but also the subsequent β- and γ-atoms of the sidechain should be taken into consideration. These shift contributions depend on rotational conformation in a way that lends itself to calculation where the necessary data are available. Therefore the shifts of the unsubstituted parent compound, the individual increment-contributions of the β and γ groupings and the rotameric distribution must be known. This would enable, conversely, a semi-quantitative prediction of one of these parameters if the others are accessible.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 76
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The vitamins, pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, pyridoxal-5′-phosphate and pyridoxamine-5′-phosphate, have been studied in aqueous solution over a pH range of 2-12 by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Resonance assignments are made primarily by the spin-spin coupling constants of carbons with protons and with phosphorus. The proton-carbon coupling constants show a marked conformational dependence in the hemiacetal form of pyridoxal. Furthermore, the H-6—C-5 coupling constant in the vitamins is much smaller than the corresponding constant in pyridine. This may be due either to an effect of the C-5 substituent in vitamins or to a different electronic configuration of the zwitterionic hydroxypyridine ring. The addition of manganese to a solution of pyridoxal phosphate causes line broadenings consistent with the interaction of the metal ion with this vitamin at the formyl and phenolic oxygens. The chemical shifts of the aromatic carbons of pyridoxine have been calculated, as a function of pH, by summing shielding parameters which were estimated empirically from pyridine derivatives. The calculated shifts agree well with the experimental data for C-3, C-5 and C-6, less well for C-2, and poorly for C-4. The deviation from additivity for C-4 indicates a preferred orientation for the 4-hydroxymethyl substituent caused by internal hydrogen bonding between the substituents at C-3 and C-4. Evidence is presented for the existence of the free aldehyde form of pyridoxal at alkaline pH. Aldimine complexes of pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate with amines and amino acids have also been studied. Characteristic chemical shift changes caused by both pyridinium and aldimine nitrogen deprotonations are seen. Additionally, the chemical shifts of carbons of the pyridine ring are dependent upon the structure of the imine, especially when the aldimine nitrogen is protonated. We conclude that this dependency is due to steric effects in an aldimine complex which is constrained by internal hydrogen bonding. We also discuss the merits of carbons 3 and 4 as possible sites of cofactor labeling for enzymatic studies.
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  • 77
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 573-575 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C n.m.r. spectrum of mutarotated D-ribose is completely assigned by using 2- and 3-deuterio-D-ribose as reference compounds. The signal intensities of the largely relaxed 13C n.m.r. spectrum are evaluated, and the equilibrium mixture of mutarotated D-ribose is found to consist of 6·1% α-furanose, 11·6% β-furanose, 20·3% α-pyranose and 62% β-pyranose.
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  • 78
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An alternative explanation for δ-syn-axial substituent effects of 13C chemical shifts is given using the concept that the δ-syn-axial interaction in the substituted compound replaces the γ-gauche interaction in the parent molecule. The application of this principle to substituted norbornanes and steroids leads to the conclusion that the ‘net steric’ δ-syn-axial shift is upfield rather than downfield.
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  • 79
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 658-660 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C spin-lattice relaxation times determined for the protonated carbons of carboxylic acids and methyl esters give indications of solution dimerization with the free acids. Since isopthalic and fumaric acids have two carboxyl functions they are able to polymerize in solution. Unlike the case for molecular aggregation due to weak hydrogen bonding in solution (e.g. alcohols, phenols), the 13C T1 values of mono carboxylic acids are not significantly affected by dilution to c. 10-2 M. Variable temperature T1 measurements of both the mono and dibasic acids gave activation energies for molecular reorientation of the order of 2 kcal mol-1, considerably lower than Ea for hydrogen bonded alcohols and comparable with Ea for the unassociated methyl esters of propionic and benzoic acids.
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  • 80
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. A6 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 81
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 593-600 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C n.m.r. spectra of some 2-heteroadamantanes and 1-substituted 2-heteroadamantanes are reported. The influences of the heteroatoms in the adamantane framework, and those of the substituents attached to it, on the 13C chemical shifts of the adamantane carbons are investigated and compared with related compounds such as the corresponding heterocyclohexane derivatives and 2-mono- and 2,2-disubstituted adamantanes. The nonadditivity of the substituent effects for 1-substituted 2-heteroadamantanes, especially for the geminally substituted carbons, is substantially confirmed. In addition, the influences of a missing CH2 group and of NCH3 carbons upon the 13C chemical shifts of the carbons in the adamantane system are described.
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  • 82
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The structures of imines and oxaziridines derived from 2-methyl and 2,6-dimethyl cyclohexanone have been determined by 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy. The preferred conformation of all the oxaziridines we examined was found to have the nitrogen atom in equatorial position.
    Notes: Les structures d'imines et d'oxazirannes dérivés de la méthyl-2 et de la diméthyl-2,6 cyclohexanone ont été déterminées par RMN 1H. Nous avons pu montrer que pour tous les oxazirannes étudiés, la conformation préférentielle correspond à une position équatoriale de l'azote.
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  • 83
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C n.m.r. spectral data of pteridine and nineteen of its derivatives (containing one or more chloro, methylthio, methyl, t-butyl or phenyl substituents) are reported. The 13C n.m.r. spectrum of the title compound has been assigned conclusively. 13C n.m.r. substituent effects are shown to be very useful in discerning between 6- and 7-substituted pteridines. Additionally, the 13C n.m.r. spectra of several covalent amination products, i.e. the 3,4-dihydro-4- amino- and the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-6,7-diaminopteridine derivatives, formed by dissolving the appropriate pteridine in liquid ammonia, have been recorded. The 13C n.m.r. spectra of the corresponding covalent hydrates are also reported.
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  • 84
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 611-617 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Measurements of the 13C chemical shifts of monosubstituted cyclopropanes (C3H5X, X = CH3, Br, —C≡CH) enabled us to determine the direct additivity parameters which depend solely on the nature of the substituent. In the case of polysubstituted derivatives, complementary effects due to pairwise contributions of the substituents superpose upon the direct effects. A systematic study of cyclopropanes polysubstituted by bromine atoms, and methyl and ethynyl groups shows these different contributions and permits us to propose a simple interpretation for the majority of cases. Pairwise interaction has been ascribed either to electron transfer or to symmetric or dissymmetric steric interactions between the different substituents, as is shown by the comparison of the theoretical with the experimental shift values.
    Notes: L'étude des déplacements chimiques de 13C des dérivés monosubstitués du cyclopropane (C3H5X, X = CH3, Br et —C≡CH) permet la détermination des paramètres directs d'additivité qui ne dépendent que de la nature du substituant. Dans le cas de substitutions multiples, à ces effets directs se superposent des effets complémentaires dus à des interactions croisées entre les substituants. L'étude systématique des dérivés polysubstitués par des atomes de brome et des groupements méthyle et ethynyle, met en évidence ces différentes contributions, et nous permet de proposer pour la plupart des cas une interprétation simple. Ces interactions font appel, soit à des transferts électroniques, soit à des interactions stériques, symétriques ou dissymétriques, entre les différents substituants ainsi que le montre la comparaison entre valeurs théoriques et mesures expérimentales des déplacements chimiques.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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  • 85
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The carbon-13 n.m.r. spectra of three isomers of 4b, 5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,16,16b-decahydrodibenz[f,h]indolo[2,3-a]quinolizine were interpreted with the aid of the 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,10b-octahydro-6-phenylphenanthridines and the 2-phenylcylohexylamines. The configuration and the conformation of these compounds can be determined from the chemical shift values.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 86
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the methyl-, trideuteromethyl-, ethyl- and pentadeuteroethylethers of 2,2′-bis-trimethylsilylbenzhydrol are reported. The most significant ions arise from the [M - CH3]+ ion, formed by loss of a methyl radical from one of the trimethylsilyl groups. After ring formation by interaction of the siliconium ion centre with an aromatic nucleus, the ion loses (CH3)3Si—OR (R = CH3, C2H5, CD3 and C2D5), giving ion m/e 223. The fragment (CH3)3Si—OCH3 is also eliminated in the four ethers investigated from the ion [M - R]+. Attack of the siliconium ion. Indications are found for a transannular hydrogen/deuterium rearrangement and a transannular elimination reaction. The intensity of some peaks in the spectra are discussed in relation to group R.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 63-70 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mass spectral fragmentations of N-nitroso and N-amino derivatives of pyrrolidine, isoindoline and diphenyl isoindoline have been studied. Medium resolution and site specific deuterium labelling lead us to suggest fragmentation pathways.
    Notes: Les spectres de masse des dérivés N-aminés de la pyrrolidine, de l'isoindoline et de la diphényl isoindoline ont été étudiés. L'utilisation d'une résolution moyenne et du marquage au deutérium a permis de mécanismes de fragmentation.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 88
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron impact mass spectra of the methyl α-and β-glycosides of axenose, of a number of derivatives, and of mycarose, display substantial differences, characteristic of their stereochemistry. In order to interpret this behaviour the structures of the fragments and the main features of the fragmentation patterns have been established, and the methyl glycosides of some related monosaccharides (arcanose, cladinose and idose) have been examined. The experimental results allow the observed differences to be attributed to the presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group at C-3 and the oxygen atom of the methoxy group in the methyl α-glycosides of axenose and mycarose.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 89
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 79-85 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mass spectra and fragmentation patterns of several substituted 1,1-difluorocyclopropanes have been investigated. Trends in fragmentation probabilities of different difluorocyclopropanes seem to be related qualitatively to well known empirical substituent effects.
    Notes: Die Massenspektren von verschiedenen substituierten 1.1-Difluorcyclopropanen wurden aufgenommen und ihr Fragmentierungsverhalten untersucht. die Tendenzen in den Bildungswahrscheinlichkeiten der Bruchstükionen bei verschiedenen Difluorcyclopropanen lassen sich qualitativ mit bekanten empirischen Substituenteneffekten erklären.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 101-102 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of ring deuterated and 13C labelled cinnamylalcohol give evidence of a partial hydrogen scrambling which is not accompanied by carbon skeleton rearrangements.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 92
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The retro 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition induced by electron impact on 3,5-diphenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole is interpreted as a two-step process on the basis of the energetics and kinetics of the fragments [C7H5NO]+., [C6H5CN]+. and [C6H5CO]+.
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  • 93
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: During the chemical ionization of some unsaturated 1,4 diols intramolecular hydrogen bonding between both hydroxyl functions is formed in the case of cis-butene-(2)-diol-(1,4). The corresponding trans isomer and butin-(2)-diol-(1,4) do not show this effect. Even the use of a strong proton donator, i.e. [CH5]+, cannot induce a change of symmetry which is necessary for the intramolecular hydrogen bridge.
    Notes: Eine durch chemische Ionisation erzeugte intramolekulare Wasserstoffbückenbindung zwischen beiden Hydroxylfunktionen ist nur beim cis-Buten-(2)-diol-(1.4) nachweisbar, Sowohl das entsprechende trans-Isomer als auch Butin-(2)-diol-(1.4)zeigen diesen Effekt nicht, was darauf zurückzuführen ist, daß selbst die verwendung starker Protonendonatoren, wie z.B. [CH5]+, keine Symmetrieänderung der Mehrfachbindung herbeiführen kann, was ber Voraussetzung für die intramolekulare Wasserstoffbrücke ist.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 94
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 223-230 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that the ‘metastable’ mass spectra of a series of monosubstituted benzenes are consistent with reaction over the lowest available energy surfaces. The non-occurrence of some qualitatively possible decomposition pathways may therefore be used to place lower limits on the heats of formation of gaseous cations. Conversely, where characterized reactions are preempted by new reactions upon introduction of additional substituents, upper limits may be placed upon the heats of formation of the ionic products of the new reactions. The concepts are employed to deduce that C3H6 elimination from n-butylbenzence subsequent to ionization leads to ionized toluene rather than ionized methyleneclohexadience.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 95
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 231-236 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of 2-and 4-monohydroxy-and 2, 4-dihydroxy-1, 5-, -1, 6-, -1, 7-and 1, 8-naphthyridines are reported. Fragmentation mechanisms are proposed and discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 96
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Further investigations have given new data confirming differences in fragmentation under electrol impact of compounds of trivalent nitrogen and other group V elements. These data have been obtained by comparision of the fragmentation of the amines, phosphines, arsines, benzyl derivatives, geminal systems and acyl derivatives. Mass spectra of tetraethyl derivatives of the group IV elements and acetyl triethyl germane have also been taken and compared with the previous ones.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 258-265 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The fragmentation patterns of two paris of heterocycil compounds are investigated in order to discuss the effect of the nature of the heteroatom.
    Notes: L'influence de la nature de L'hétéeroatome sur les processus de fragmentation de deux couples d'hétéerocycles est discutée.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 266-270 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract-Useful field desorption mass spectra can be obtained from involatile sulphonic acids and sulphonates, even when large dyestuff molecules are involved. Unusual cluster ions are commonly found, which can be singly or doubly charged. Most ions can be assigned, however, and the great potential of field desorption mass spectrometry in the identification of these involatile species is clearly established.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 281-292 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Under electron impact, 3-aryl-4-hydroxyisoquinolines form [M - H]+, [M - CO]+ and [M - H - CO]+ ions with a subsequent elimination of HCN or CH3CN. A cyclic structure for the [M - H]+ ion is suggested. The primary act of fragmentation of the corresponding methyle ether derivatives is the loss of CH3⋅, as well as H⋅; the further fragmentatio is similar to that described above. It has been established that the unusual [M - H]+, [M - OH]+ and [M - CH5⋅]+ ions are formed when 8 fragments. Fragmentation schemes for all compounds are proposed based upon high resolution mass spectra and deuterated analogues.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 100
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The unimolecular decompositions upon electron impact of the bifunctional compounds ØCH2-NH—(CH2)n-O—CH2Ø(n=2 to 7)have been studied by deuterium labelling. The molecular ions lose a benzyl radical and/or a benzaldehyde molecule, depending on the length of the aliphatic chain. Both reactions appear to be the result of the transfer of a hydrogen atom to the charge localized amino function in a cyclic transition state. The ring size of this transition state turns out to play a far more important role than the difference in reactivity of the migrating hydrogen atoms.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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