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  • 1995-1999  (1,857)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (8,508)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 1173-1183 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Marine alkaloids ; Pyrroloquinoline ; Total synthesis ; Heterocycles ; Alkaloids ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -Batzellines A and B (1a, b) and isobatzellines A and B (2a, b) are 1,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline-containing marine alkaloids characterized by the presence of a methylthio substituent at C-2 of the tricyclic system. We describe here the total synthesis of these natural compounds following the synthetic strategy that we have used previously for the synthesis of damirones A and B, batzelline C, isobatzelline C, discorhabdin C, and makaluvamines A, B, C, and D. The introduction of the methylthio group by electrophilic substitution of a pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline, appropriately substituted and in a suitable oxidation state, is the key step in the success of these syntheses.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 1213-1221 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Diazo compounds ; Carbenes ; Carbenoids ; Silicon ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -Copper(I) triflate catalyzes the transformation of α-[(2-alkynyl)oxy]silyl-α-diazoacetates 1a-g into 1,2-bis(2,5-dihydro-1,2-oxasilol-4-yl)ethenes 2 and/or 2H-1,2-oxasilines 3. With rhodium(II) perfluorobutyrate as catalyst, 1a-e furnish only 3 but no 2. Bicyclic 2-methoxyfurans 6 are formed when 1a,c,e (containing terminal alkyne functions) are treated with catalytic amounts of copper(I) chloride. The experimental observations are explained in terms of metal-mediated intramolecular cyclopropenation and subsequent metal-assisted ring-opening of the strained bicyclic cyclopropene leading to vinylcarbene-metal complexes. An unusual autoxidation of 2H-1,2-oxasilines 3a,c,e is also described.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Homogenous catalysis ; Palladium ; Cross-coupling ; Heterocycles ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 5-acceptor-substituted 2,3-dibromofurans 1 and 2 underwent a regioselective Pd0-catalyzed coupling reaction at the C-2 carbon atom. With alkynes the corresponding 2-alkynylfurans 4 and 5 were accessible (49-97% yield). Alkyl-, aryl-, and alkenylzinc reagents gave the 2-substituted furans 8 starting from compound 2 (66-84% yield). The 2-allylfurans 8e and 8f were obtained by a regioselective Stille coupling in 79% and 73% yield. The latter reaction was also applied to the parent 2,3-dibromofuran (27) and yielded the substitution product 28 (60% yield). Subsequent Pd0-catalyzed reactions to introduce a methyl group in 3-position by a methyldebromination were successfully conducted for 2-alkynyl-3-bromofurans with MeZnCl and PdCl2(PPh3)2 as the catalyst in THF (reflux) to yield compounds 13-16 and 24 (67-76%) and with SnMe4 and PdCl2[P(o-Tol)3]2 as the catalyst in DMA (90 °C) for the 2-allyl-3-bromofuran 8e to yield 18 (70%). The more facile reaction of the 2-alkynylfurans relative to those of furans bearing an sp3-carbon atom at C-2 appears to be due to steric reasons. Studies on the 2-alkyl-3-bromofuran 20 supported this notion. With the regioselective coupling methodology the terpene rosefuran (22) was prepared in four steps starting from furan 2 (35% yield overall). The F5 furan fatty acid (26) was synthesized from furan 1 in five steps (29% yield overall).
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 2965-2967 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino alcohol ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Cell signaling ; Dihydroxylations ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cytoxazone [(4R,5R)-(-)-5-hydroxymethyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxazolidinone, 1], a new immunosuppressant, was synthesized by starting from p-methoxycinnamyl alcohol (2) employing the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation as the key reaction in 26% overall yield (7 steps).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Metallaoxirane ; HBR2 addition ; (Formaldehyde)zirconocene ; (Butadiene)zirconocene ; Heterocycles ; Boron ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (η2-Formaldehyde)zirconocene dimer (8) cleanly adds one or two molar equivalents of the borane HB(C6F5)2 by insertion of the H-[B] unit into the zirconium-carbon bond of the metallaoxirane moieties to form the mono- and bis-insertion products 16 and 17, respectively. These systems contain five-membered heterocyclic rings that are built up by connecting five different elements, namely H, B, C, O, and Zr. The bis(borane) insertion product 17 was characterized by an X-ray crystal structure analysis. (Butadiene)zirconocene reacts with HB(C6F5)2 in a similar way by insertion of the H-[B] unit into the (butadiene)C4-Zr linkage to form the metallacycle 18.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 1659-1664 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Phosphorus ; Iminophosphorane ; Staudinger reaction ; Heterocycles ; Ab initio calculations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Staudinger-model reaction H3P (1) + HN3 (2) → H3P=NH (5) + N2 (6) has been investigated at the CCSD(T)/6-31G**//MP2(Full)/6-31G* level. Primary products formed in this reaction are the phosphazides H3P=N-N=NH (3) which exist as trans and cis isomers. In contrast to some previous assumptions, cis -3is 8.2 kcal mol-1 more stable than trans -3 but decomposes rather easily into the expected products H3P=NH and N2. This decomposition can be effectively hampered by intramolecular donor-acceptor interactions as shown by calculations on model compounds as well as by experiments. Thus the reaction of a methylene-σ3,λ3-phosphanyl-σ5,λ5-phosphorane with PhN3 led to a new four-membered heterocycle containing a thermally remarkable stable cis-phosphazide moiety.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Metallacycles ; Solid-state structures ; Heterocycles ; Oxidations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Direct oxidation of PhC(O)NHPPh2, H2NC(S)NHPPh2, (C5H4N)C(S)NHPPh2 with O2, S8, or Se gives [PhC(O)NHP(O)Ph2] (1), [H2NC(S)NHP(S)Ph2] (2), [H2NC(O)NHP-(S)Ph2] (3), [PhC(O)NHP(S)Ph2] (4), [(C5H4N)C(S)NHP(S)Ph2] (5), and [H2NC(S)NHP(Se)Ph2] (6). Deprotonation of 1, 2, 4-6 with potassium tert-butoxide gives K[PhC(O)NP(O)Ph2] (7), K[H2NC(S)NP(S)Ph2] (8), K[PhC(O)NP(S)Ph2] (9), K[(C5H4N)C(S)NP(S)Ph2] (10), and K[H2NC(S)NP(Se)Ph2] (11). Reaction of 4with KOBu and [Cu(Ph3P)2][NO3] gives [Cu(Ph3P)(PhC(O)NP(S)Ph2)] (12) which is the first crystallographically characterised example of a non-ionic six-membered “true” heterocycle (i.e. a ring in which every heterocatom is different). 9 and 10 were treated with [PdCl2(COD)] to give [Pd{PhC(O)NP(S)Ph2}2] (13) and [Pd{(C5H4N)C(O)NP(S)Ph2}2] (14), respectively The anion of 8 coordinates to zinc forming [Zn{H2NC(S)NP(S)Ph2}2] (15). Treatment of 2 or 8 with [PtCl2(COD)] gives [Pt{H2NC(S)NP(S)Ph2}{H2NC(S)NHP(S)Ph2}]+Cl- (16) and [Pt{H2NC(S)NP(S)Ph2}2] (17), respectively. The X-ray structures of 12, 15-17are reported.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 393-398 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Boranes ; Bipyridine ; Crystal structures ; Donor-acceptor interaction ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 6,6′-Bis(diethylboryl)-2,2′-bipyridine (1a) was obtained in low yield by in situ deprotonation of 2,2′-bipyridine in the presence of diethyl(methoxy)borane. 6,6′-Dilithio-2,2′-bipyridine reacts with various alkoxyboranes leading to bipyridinediborates 2 in good yields. The derivatives 2b and 2c allow the formation of the free diborylbipyridines 1b and 1c. The coordination properties of the diboryl-bipyridines as tetrafunctional donor-acceptor compounds have been used for the formation of the copper complex 4 and of the adduct 5 which is built from diborylbipyridine and a dihydroxydiboroxan derivative. The composition of the products follows from spectroscopic data and from X-ray structure analyses for 2f, 4, and 5.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 491-497 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Boron ; Diazaboroles ; Hydrides ; Tin ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,3-Di-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (4a) and 1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (4b) were formed by the reaction of the corresponding 2-bromo or 2-iodo derivatives 1a and 2b with LiAlH4. Treatment of 1a with n-butyllithium afforded 2-n-butyl-1,3-di-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (5a), whereas 1,3-di-tert-butyl-2-cyano-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (3a) was converted into the 2-tert-butyl derivative 6a or the 2-ethynyl-1,3,2-diazaborole 7a by means of tert-butyllithium or by the ethylenediamine adduct of lithium acetylide. Similarly, 1,3-di-tert-butyl-2-trimethylstannyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (8a) and 1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-trimethylstannyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (8b) were accessible from 1a or 2b and trimethylstannyllithium. In the complex 9a the compound 3a serves as an η1 ligand towards the [Cr(CO)5] unit via the cyano group. These novel compounds were characterized by 1H-, 11B-, 13C-, and 119Sn-NMR spectroscopy, as well as by X-ray structure analyses of 4b, 8a, and 9a.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 499-504 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Alkynes ; Heterocycles ; Cyclizations ; Cobalt ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The following monocyclic and bicyclic 14-membered diynes were treated with [CpCo(cod)]: 1-oxacyclotetradeca-4,11-diyne (2), 1,8-dioxacyclotetradeca-4,11-diyne (3), cyclotetradeca-4,11-diynone (4), cyclotetradeca-4,11-diyne-1,8-dione (5), 1,1,8,8-tetramethyl-1,8-disilacyclotetradeca-4,11-diyne (6), 1-allyl-1-azacyclotetradeca-4,11diyne (7), 1,8-dipropyl-1,8-diazacyclotetradeca-1,11-diyne (8), 1,8-diallyl-1,8-diazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diyne (9), 1,8-diazabicyclo[6.6.4]octadeca-4,11-diyne (10), 1,8-diazabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosa-4,11-diyne (11), 1,10-diazabicyclo[8.6.6]docosa-13,19-diyne (12) and 1,12-diazabicyclo[10.6.6]tetracosa-15,21-diyne (13). In all cases we obtained an intramolecular cyclobutadiene complex stabilized with a CpCo fragment (15-26). For 3 we could isolate, besides the cyclobutadiene complex 16, the trimerization product 28. In the cases of 15, 16, 18, 20, 23, 25, and 26 the structure of the cylobutadiene complexes could be confirmed by X-ray studies. Common to all structures is a boat-like conformation of the tricyclic unit containing the cyclobutadiene ring. The two cycloheptene units adopt a chair conformation in which the heteroatom is removed from the metal center.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 2233-2241 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Phosphorus ; Heterocycles ; Phosphinines ; Gold ; Cycloadditions ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The coordination behaviour of 2,6-disilyl-substituted phosphinines towards gold(I) has been examined. The reaction of the bis(trimethylsilyl)phosphinine 1 with [AuCl(SMe2)] gives the corresponding AuCl derivative 2. X-ray crystal structure analysis reveals that the aromaticity of the phosphinine ring is slightly reduced as a result of the poor π-back bonding ability of the AuCl fragment. The same phenomenon is observed in the cationic complex [Au(1)2][GaCl4] (3) which was readily prepared by reaction of two equivalents of 1 with [AuCl(SMe2)] followed by treatment with GaCl3 at low temperature. Reaction of 2,6-bis(phenylethynyldimethylsilyl)phosphinine (4) with the same precursor leads similarly to the complex [AuCl(4)] (5). Interestingly, this complex dimerizes upon crystallization to give the bis(phosphabarrelene) complex 6, also structurally characterized. The formation of 6 results from a [4 + 2] cycloaddition between one alkynyl group of each phosphinine with the other phosphinine subunit. The formation of the cationic complex [Au(4)][GaCl4] (8) occurs under classical conditions but it disproportionates to give the cationic complex [Au(4)2][GaCl4] (9) and colloidal gold deposition. The formation of 9 has been ascertained by treating 8 with one equivalent of ligand 4. Additionally, 9 can also be obtained in a straightforward fashion by treating two equivalents of 4 with [AuCl(SMe2)] followed by treatment with GaCl3 at low temperature. The structure of 9 has been elucidated. Despite a particular arrangement of the alkyne groups which encapsulate the gold coordination sphere, no gold-alkyne interactions are visible.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 887-898 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Tin ; Phosphorus ; Intramolecular coordination ; O ligands ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New intramolecularly coordinated organotin compounds containing the monoanionic O,C,O-coordinating ligand {4-tert-Bu-2,6-[P(O)(OEt)2]2C6H2}- have been synthesized by substitution reactions starting from organotin halides. In view of the enhanced reactivity of the intramolecularly coordinated compounds {4-tert-Bu-2,6-[P(O)(OEt)2]2C6H2}SnR2R′ (2, R = Ph, R′ = CH2SiMe3; 3, R = R′ = Ph; 6, R = R′ = Cl), cationic tin species are suggested to occur as intermediates in the formation of the heterocyclic compounds [1(Sn),3(P)-Ph2SnOP(O)(OEt)-5-tert-Bu-7-P(O)(OEt)2]C6H2 (8), [1(Sn), 3(P)-Ph(Me3SiCH2)SnOP(O)(OEt)-5-tert-Bu-7-P(O)(OEt)2]C6H2 (15), and {[1(Sn),3(P)-Cl2SnOP(O)(OEt)-5-tert-Bu-7-P(O)(OEt)]C6H2}2 (16). The latter compounds are formed by intramolecular cyclizations of pentacoordinate cationic tin species under elimination of ethyl halide. Furthermore, the synthesis of [1(Sn),3(P)-Ph2SnOP(O)(OH)-5-tert-Bu-7-P(O)(OH)2]C6H2 (13) is described. Reaction of 8 with an excess of Me3SiBr leads to the unexpected formation of {2-[P(O)(OEt)(OSiMe3)]-4-tert-Bu-6-[P(O)(OEt)2]C6H2}SnPhBr2 (9) as a result of an O-Sn bond cleavage initiated by Me3SiBr and subsequent reaction of the intermediate with further Me3SiBr under Sn-C bond cleavage. The high donor capacity and the rigidity of the new ligand {4-tert-Bu-2,6-[P(O)(OEt)2]2C6H2}- are demonstrated by X-ray diffraction analyses of the tetraorganotin compound 2 and the monoorganotin trichloride 6. Furthermore, the molecular structures of the 2,3,1-oxaphosphastannoles 8 and 16 are discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 7-9 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Boranes ; Diazaboroles ; Heterocycles ; Ketiminoboranes ; Crystal Structures ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The cyclocondensation reaction of benzil-bis(trimethylsilylimin) (3) and Cl2B-NiPr2 via silicon-boron exchangeresults in the solvent-dependent formation of the 1,3,2-diazaborole 1a or the 1,3,6,8,2,7-tetraazadiborecin 2a. Using the more rigid 9,10-bis(trimethylsilylimino)phenanthrene instead of 3 only the five-membered heterocycle 4,5-biphenylene-2-diisopropylamino-1,3,2-diazaborole (1b) is formed. The cyclic ketiminoboranes are characterized by NMR and X-ray diffraction data. The 1,3,2-diazaborole ring is almost planar, while the conformation of the 1,3,6,8,2,7-tetraazadiborecin has the shape of a figure-eight loop.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Cyclotriphosphazenes ; Oxypyridine ; Carbonyltungsten compounds ; NMR spectroscopy ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactions of [N3P3(dobp)2Cl2] and [N3P3(dobp)Cl4] with a mixture of HOC5H4N-4 and K2CO3 in acetone give the cyclotriphosphazenes [N3P3(dobp)2(OC5H4N-4)2] and [N3P3(dobp)(OC5H4N-4)4], respectively. These compounds react with [W(MeOH)(CO)5] in methanol to give mixtures of the polymetallic complexes [N3P3(dobp)2(OC5H4N-4)2{W(CO)5}x] (x = 1, 2) and [N3P3(dobp)(OC5H4N-4)4{W(CO)5}x] (x = 1-4), which are unstable in solution, slowly undergoing loss of the pentacarbonyl moiety. A complete characterization by multinuclear 1H, 15N, 31P, 183W magnetic resonance has revealed that the complexation of the N atom of one 4-oxypyridine ligand by the W(CO)5 fragment has a measurable effect on other parts of the phosphazene molecule very far away from the coordination site. The changes observed in δ183W have been used to identify the components in mixtures of compounds incorporating different numbers of tungsten atoms in the molecule. The characterization of less sensitive nuclei has been accomplished by means of indirect detection methods.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 2327-2333 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Organo-phosphorus compounds ; Dithiadiphosphetane disulfides ; Phosphonates ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New salts of thionated (naphthalene-1,8-diyl)bis(phosphonic) acid monoanhydrides [PPh4+]2[C10H6PS2(μ-S)PS22-] (2) and [K+]2[C10H6PS2(μ-S)POS2-]·H2O (3) both containing the C3P2S ring, were prepared in high yields by the reaction of 2,4-(naphthalene-1,8-diyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane 2,4-disulfide (1) with NaHS and PPh4Cl, or KOH, respectively, in water. The derivative 3, containing a P=O terminal bond as well as P-S-P bridge, undergoes, in acid conditions, a rearrangement reaction leading to the O,S-symmetrically substituted derivative [K+]2[C10H6PS2(μ-O)PS22-] (4) containing a C3P2O heterocycle. Dipotassium salt 4 was converted into the bis(tetraphenylphosphonium) salt 5 by the treating with PPh4Cl. Hydrolysis of [PyH+][C10H6P(S)(NHMe)(μ-S)PS22-] (15) led to [CH3NH3+][PyH+][C10H6POS(μ-O)POS2-]·1.5 Py (6). New compounds were characterised by 31P{1H}-, 1H- and 13C{1H}-NMR, FT-IR, ES-MS and in the cases 2-6 by X-ray structure determination. The 31P{1H}-NMR spectra of these mixed O,S-derivatives are briefly discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 1193-1198 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Boron ; Triazaboroles ; Heterocycles ; Halogens ; Cyanides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3,4-Dihydro-2,4-diphenyl-2H-1,2,4,3-triazaboroles 3a, 3b, and 4 were synthesized by cyclocondensation of N1,N3-diphenylformamidrazone (1) with dibromophenylborane, dibromomethylborane, and boron trichloride. 3-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-2,4-diphenyl-2H-1,2,4,3-triazaborole (4) was converted into 3,4-dihydro-2,4-diphenyl-2H-1,2,4,3-triazaborole (5) by treatment with LiAlH4. The corresponding 3-cyanato and 3-cyano derivatives 6 and 7 resulted from the reaction of 4 with AgOCN and AgCN, respectively. Compound 7 was transformed into the bis(1,2,4,3-triazaborolyl)oxane 8 by silver oxide. Compounds 1-8 were characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic methods (1H, 11B, and 13C NMR; IR; MS). The molecular structure of 8 was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Lactams ; Schiff bases ; Nitrogen heterocycles ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several derivatives of homopipecolic acid are prepared by α-amino alkylation of malonic acid with cyclic imines 6 and 7. These are prepared on a large scale and with different substitution patterns. The β-amino acids 8 and 9 were formed in high yield and with remarkable diastereoselectivity if chiral imines are used as starting materials. The diastereoselectivity of the amino alkylation leading to homopipecolic acid analogues is compared to those of thiazolidineacetic acids by epimerisation experiments. A method for resolution of the obtained racemic β-amino acids by diastereomeric salt formation is described. The β-amino acids 9 and 15 were converted into their corresponding carbacepham analogues 14 and isopenam 16. The isopenam endo-16 was selectively epimerised by mild basic treatment of the N/S-acetal to give an exo-configured precursor of isopenicillin G.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Asymmetric synthesis ; Heterocycles ; Palladium ; Alkylations ; Allyl complexes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A convenient synthesis of racemic tetrahydropyridine 1 was developed. Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation of 1 with malonate and dimethylacetoxymalonate as nucleophiles with the phosphanylcarboxylic acid L1 and the dihydrooxazol L2 as ligands, were carried out and gave enantiomeric excesses of up to 98%. Absolute configurations were determined for all compounds described. From the alkylation products (+)- and (-)-2a, and (+)- and (-)-2b a variety of versatile, nonracemic chiral intermediates were prepared.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 789-793 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Boranes ; Carbenes ; Heterocycles ; Imidazoles ; X-ray structures ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The nucleophilic carbene 3-borane-1,4,5-trimethylimidazol-2-ylidene anion (1-) reacts with the electrophiles CH3I, (CH3)3SiCl, (CH3)3SnCl, and the bromodiazaboroline 7 to form the 2-substituted imidazoles 4, 5, 6, and 8. With triethylborane, the anionic carbene borane adduct 9- is obtained. An unexpected result was achieved when chlorodimethoxyborane and HBCl2 · S(CH3)2 were used as electrophiles. In both cases only the imidazabole 14a could be isolated. Imidazole 5, the imidazole borane adduct 3a and the imidazabole 14a were characterized by X-ray structure analyses.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 1095-1102 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Silanorbornenes ; Silanorbornanes ; Silicon-functionalized olefins ; Silacyclobutanes ; Hydrogenations ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Catalytic hydrogenation of olefins containing functionalized silicon groups affords the saturated products in good yields. Chloro and alkoxy substituents at the silicon atom remain unaffected and, in the case of heterocyclic compounds, the cyclic or bicyclic moieties remain intact. The 2-silanorbornanes 4, 5, and 6 were synthesized from the corresponding 2-silanorbornenes 1, 2, and 3, and organosilanes 13 and 14 possessing the cyclopentyl group, were prepared from the cyclopentenyl-substituted precursors 10 and 12. The 3-vinyl-substituted silacyclobutanes 15, 17, and 18 were also hydrogenated in a simple apparatus with diethyl ether or THF as solvent, and Pd/C as a recoverable catalyst system. A basic organosilicon compound, trichloro(vinyl)silane, is hydrogenated in a nearly quantitative yield to form the saturated trichloro(ethyl)silane; this emphasizes the general applicability of this method.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 21
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Carboxylic acid amides ; Chitinase ; Chitobiose ; Heterocycles ; Enzyme inhibitors ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-(Dimethylamino)oxazoline-4-carboxylic acids 5 were prepared by condensation of binucleophilic amino acids 4and O-ethyl-N,N-dimethylisourea 3. New heterocyclic N-acetylglucosaminyl amides and chitobiosyl amides 8 were obtained by the coupling of tetraacetylglucosamine 6a or heptaacetylchitobiosylamine 6b with acid chlorides of heterocyclic carboxylic acids 2 or 5a and subsequent deacetylation. Based on their substitution patterns, compounds 8were expected to have inhibitory activity towards chitinases. Enzyme assays showed that glycosyl amides 8 indeed were moderate inhibitors of chitinases, the diacetylchitobiosyl amides 8d-f generally having higher inhibitory activities than the N-acetylglucosaminyl amide derivatives 8a-c. Inhibitory activities depended on the chitinase tested.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 22
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Thiazoles ; Pyrido[3,4-c]thiazoles ; Triflates ; Palladium ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The readily available 2-substituted 5-acetyl-4-thiazolyl triflates 2are useful building blocks for the preparation of functionalised thiazoles by means of palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions with organometallic reagents and alkoxycarbonylation and deoxygenation reactions. The combination of palladium-catalysed coupling of 2 together with 1-alkynes/6-endo-dig annulation reactions in the presence of ammonia leads to functionalised pyrido[3,4-c]thiazoles in satisfactory yields. The utilisation of uncatalysed displacement reactions of the triflate group represents a very simple method for the synthesis of 4-N-,4-O-, and 4-S-substituted thiazoles.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 23
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Diazo compounds ; Carbenes ; Carbenoids ; Silicon ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photolysis of (ethoxy)silyl-, (propyloxy)silyl-, and (isopro-pyloxy)silyl-substituted diazoacetates 1a-c leads to tetrahydro-1,2-oxasiloles 2a-c by intramolecular C-H insertion of a carbene intermediate. Photochemical or catalytic decomposition of (allyloxysilyl)diazoacetates 3a-e results in intramolecular cyclopropanation which provides 3-oxa-2-silabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane systems 5a-e. In contrast, the thermal reaction of 3b-d gives rise to 2,5-dihydro-1,2-oxasiloles 4b-d, which are likely to be formed on a pyrazoline rather than a carbene route. For (3-butenyloxysilyl)diazoacetate 3f, all modes of decomposition generate the 3-oxa-2-silabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane system 7. Fluoride-induced cleavage of the bicyclic systems 5b-d provides trans-2-hydroxyalkyl-1-cyclopropanecarboxylates 9 diastereospecifically.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 24
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Azaspiropentanes ; Heterocycles ; Peptides ; Strained molecules ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Azaspiropentanecarboxamides 10 and 12 are formed with remarkable ease in two steps in a one-pot operation from methyl 2-chloro-2-cyclopropylideneacetate (4) by addition of a primary amine in tetrahydrofuran and subsequent treatment with sodium hydride/triethylamine in the presence of another equivalent of a primary amine or ammonia. Achievable yields of the amides 10, 12 were moderate to good (27-59%, 12-48%), while the corresponding esters 9 could only be obtained in poor yields (4-14%). The new α-amino acid amides are surprisingly stable, and they can be incorporated into small peptides as demonstrated with the preparation of the glycine 13e and the spirocyclopro-paneoxazoline derivative 14e.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 25
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino acids ; α-Amino acid phenylhydrazides ; Heterocycles ; Cyclization reactions ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ring forming condensation between some natural α-amino acid phenylhydrazides (1) and aqueous formaldehyde (2) has opened a novel synthetic route to hexahydro-1,2,4-triazin-6-one derivatives (3). Polycyclic systems were obtained from the same reaction carried out with L-aspartic acid 1,4-bis(2-phenylhydrazide) (1d), L-histidine phenylhydrazide (1e) and L-tryptophan phenylhydrazide (1f) which gave perhydro-4,6-dioxo-2,8-diphenyl[1,2,4]triazino[4,5-d][1,2,4]triazepine (5) perhydro-1-oxo-3-phenylimidazo[5,4-d][1,2,4]triazino[4,5-a]pyridine (7) and 1,2,3-H-3-(2-phenylcarbazoyl)-β-carboline (8), respectively. Substrates 1 were conveniently obtained by direct reaction of phenylhydrazine with L-α-amino acid esters retaining the original chirality.
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  • 26
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Alkaloids ; Castanospermine ; Metathesis ; Azasugars ; Manzamine A ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -The application of the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction to the construction of a wide variety of nitrogen-containing ring systems is described. The examples include pyrrolizidine, indolizidine, and quinolizidine derivatives related to azasugars. A formal total synthesis of castanospermine (5) is presented. The utilisation of two RCM steps in the synthetic sequence leading to the multicyclic ABCDE nucleus 7 of the complex alkaloid manzamine A (6) is discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 1455-1458 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Nucleoside analogues ; 1,3-Oxathiolanes ; Chiral sulfoxides ; Heterocycles ; Antiviral agents ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -A ready asymmetric synthesis of 3′-oxathionucleosides has been accomplished in three main steps from benzoyloxyethanal. The synthesis is characterized by high overall yield and considerable enantiomeric excesses. It represents a general synthetic path to prepare a wide range of heterosubstituted sulfur-containing nucleoside analogues.
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  • 28
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Carbohydrates ; Heterocycles ; Electrostatic interactions ; Glycosylation ; Glycosides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two pairs of novel stereoisomeric, cyclic glycosyl donors exhibit different behaviors in glycosylation processes. In the pair of α-gluco (1) and β-manno (2), the former exhibits reversability with its glycoside product whereas the latter does not. In the α-gluco (3) and β-manno (4) set, the former undergoes glycosyl transfer via an isolable intermediate whereas the latter does not. The differing anomeric effects exerted in the ground states are proposed as the force which explains the differences in behavior.
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  • 29
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Acetals ; Heterocycles ; Mouse ; Mus musculus/ Pheromones ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two components [2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole (1) and 3,4-dehydro-exo-brevicomin (2)] of a male-produced pheromone of the mouse Musmusculus have been synthesized in optically active forms. The enantiomers of 1 were obtained with an enantiomeric purity of ca. 92% ee and were found to be readily racemizable. Asymmetric dihydroxylation was employed as the key reaction (15→16) allowing the preparation of (1R,5S,7R)-2 with ca. 94% ee.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 30
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Lithium ; Lithium trimethylsilyldiazomethane ; Heterocycles ; Uracil derivatives ; Pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidindiones ; Pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidindiones ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The nucleophilic addition of TMSC(Li)N2 at the low reactive C-5 position of the uracil ring of C-6 substituted uracil derivatives is reported. The ratio of C-5 versus C-6 nucleophilic addition of TMSC(Li)N2 dramatically depends on the stereoelectronic properties of the C-6 substituent. In particular, substituents characterized both by sterically bulky and/or electron-withdrawing (EWG) effects appear to direct the nucleophile mainly (methyl, chloromethyl or halogen) or completely (isopropyl) toward the C-5 position. The fine-tuned substituent selectivity found in the nucleophilic addition of TMSC(Li)N2 to C-6 substituted uracils plays a leading role in the synthesis of new trimethylsilyl-1H-[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5,7-dione derivatives, which can in turn be easily modified through known silicon chemistry.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 31
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 745-749 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Gallium ; Silicon ; Heterocycles ; Main group elements ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of Ga2X4· 2 dioxane with four equivalents of (Me3Si)3SiLi(thf)3 (= hypersilyllithium) affords for X = Br a 1,3,2,4-disiladigalletane together with tetrahedral hypersilylgallium(I). For X = Cl an anionic 1,2,3,4-silatrigalletanate, a four-membered heterocycle with a Ga3 unit, is isolated. These primary examples of gallium/group-14 heterocycles have been investigated by NMR spectroscopy as well as by X-ray single-crystal structure analysis. In addition, the synthesis and structure of bis(hypersilyl)gallium chloride is described. This monomeric molecule has a nearly T-shaped Si2GaCl framework.
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  • 32
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1517-1520 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Nucleophilic carbenes ; Heterocycles ; Decarboxylation ; Photochemistry ; Matrix isolation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Irradiation of imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (3) - matrix-isolated in argon at 10 K - with a wavelength of 254 nm leads to decarboxylation and the formation of a complex between 2,3-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene and carbon dioxide (1·CO2). Upon irradiation of 2,3-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene (1) with λ = 254, 193, and 185 nm no imidazole can be detected. On the other hand flash vacuum pyrolysis of imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (3) produces imidazole and carbon dioxide. 2,3-Dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene (1) - the possible intermediate - cannot be trapped under these conditions.
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  • 33
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1919-1922 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Carbocations ; Dienes ; Cycloadditions ; Kinetics ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the [2+ + 4] cycloadditions of 1,3-dithian-2-ylium ions (1) with 1,3-dienes was investigated photometrically in dichloromethane. The second-order rate constants determined for the reactions of 1 with 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene (2a) and isoprene (2b) were identical to those calculated for the first step of a stepwise cycloaddition pathway by the correlation lg k = s (E + N). Though a concerted cycloaddition pathway is not excluded by this finding, it is obvious that the transition states of these reactions are not noticeably stabilized by the simultaneous formation of two new σ bonds.
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  • 34
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Sultones ; Intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction ; Desulfurization ; Heterocycles ; Actic acids ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A highly stereoselective and flexible sultone route to actic acids, the monomeric subunits of the macrotetrolides, has been developed and exemplified for nonactic acid (2a). Due to the extensive application of tandem transformations, only six steps were needed to secure methyl nonactate (20) from furan.
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  • 35
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1145-1152 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Boron ; Diazaboroles ; Halogens ; Isocyanides ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of differently substituted 2-chloro-, 2-fluoro- and 2-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaboroles have been prepared by various methods. 1,3-Di-tert-butyl-2-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (3a), 1,3-di-tert-butyl-2-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (5a), 1,3-bis(2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-2-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (5b), 2-chloro-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dineopentyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (5c), and 1,3-di-tert-butyl-2-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (6a) were formed from the corresponding lithiated Z-1,2-diaminoethenes, by treatment with BF3·OEt2, BCl3, or BI3 in n-hexane. Compounds 3a, 5a, and 5b are also available by sodium amalgam reduction of the adduct (tBu)(BF3)N=CH-CH=N(BF3)(tBu) (2a), and the borolium salts [RNa=CH-CH=Nb(R)BCl2]X (Na-B) (4a: R = tBu, X = BCl4 and 4b: R = 2,6-Me2C6H2, X = Cl) respectively. The iodo derivative (2,6-Me2C6H2)-Na-CH=CH-Nb(2,6-Me2C6H2)BI (Na-B) (6b) was synthesized in a redox reaction between the 1,4-diazabutadiene 1b and BI3. The novel compounds were characterized by 1H-, 11B- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, as well as by an X-ray structure analysis of 6b.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2005/1998/98047_s.pdf or from the author.
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  • 36
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1163-1168 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Chelates ; P,N ligands ; Phosphaferrocene ; Catalysis ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The new pyridyl-substituted phosphaferrocene ligands 3 and 6 are prepared by addition of lithiated pyridine or α-picoline to 2-formyl-3,4-dimethylphosphaferrocene (1). The ligands 3 and 6 react with [Cp*RuCl]4 in THF to give the P,N-chelate complexes [Cp*RuCl·3] (9) and [Cp*RuCl·6] (10) with high diastereoselectivity. Addition of monodentate ligands like CO or PPh3 to the complexes leads by displacement of the Ru-bound pyridyl group to the respective carbonyl or phosphane complexes with monodentate P-coordinated phospha-ferrocene ligands. Reaction of the ligand 6 with [(C3H5)PdCl]2 and NH4PF6 gives the seven-membered chelate complex [(C3H5)Pd·6]PF6 (13) which was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The ligands 3 and 6 were tested in the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric alkylation of 1,3-diphenylallyl acetate.
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  • 37
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 305-310 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Ab initio calculations ; Carbene homologues ; Boron ; Isoelectronic analogues ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: While Arduengo-type carbenes are now well established for the Group IVa elements carbon, silicon and germanium, they are experimentally unknown for the isoelectronic anions with the Group IIIa elements boron, aluminum, gallium, and indium. In the present quantum chemical investigations, the bonding features of this class of compounds are explored. As a result, they are predicted to be stable species with sizeable singlet-triplet energy separations and electron affinities. Hence, they may be considered as valid targets for experimental investigations. An analysis of the electron density distribution in the case of boron and aluminum reveals a strongly polar B-N bond for the former, and a half Al-N bond with positive charge at the aluminum, emphasizing the donor-acceptor formulation for the latter.
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  • 38
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1615-1623 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Homoconjugation ; Cyclovoltammetry ; ESR spectroscopy ; Diketones ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclovoltammetric investigations have been carried out on 3,3,6,6-tetramethylcyclohexane-1,2,4,5-tetrone (4), bicyclo-[3.2.2]nonane-6,7,8,9-tetrone (5), and several of their congeners, such as 6,13-dihydro-6,6,13,13-tetramethylquin-oxalino[2.3-b]phenazine (13), 5,10-dihydro-5,5,10,10-tetra-methylpyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline (17), and 6,13-dihydro-6,13-propanoquinoxalino[2,3-b]phenazine (20). For 5 and 20 a large difference (ΔE° ≥400 mV) between the first and second reduction potentials was found. The ESR results of the radical anion 20•- are in support of a strong homoconjugation. ESR studies of 4•-, 13•-, and 17•- also reveal a symmetrical displacement of the unpaired electron over both acceptor groups on the ESR time scale which, however, based on the small potential difference ΔE° ≤ 200 mV can be most likely described to a fast electron exchange.
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  • 39
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1997-2001 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Alkaloids ; Acetylcholine receptor ; Palladium ; C-C coupling ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Epibatidine (1) is a recently discovered trace alkaloid found in the skin of a Latin-American poisonous frog. Its remarkably high analgetic activity is accompanied by high toxicity. Therefore, in order to tune its biological activity, a convergent and efficient synthetic pathway was sought to synthesize epibatidine derivatives with different (het)aryl substituents. The hydro(het)arylation of the key intermediate 7-azabicycloheptene (10) represents such an approach. The synthesis of 10 by a Diels-Alder reaction of an N-activated pyrrole (7) with ethynyl p-tolyl sulfone (6) and subsequent steps has been optimized. The crucial last step, the reductive cleavage of the vinyl sulfone 9, has been replaced by a high-yield fluoride-induced degradation of the β-silylated sulfone 12 to give 10. A number of structurally different racemic epibatidine analogs (16b-e) can be prepared by palladium-catalyzed hydro(het)arylation of 10 with iodo(het)arenes 15b-e in good yields.
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  • 40
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 843-849 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Boranes ; Carbenes ; Carbene complexes ; Heterocycles ; Imidazoles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of the Lewis acids BH3 and BEt3 with trimethylimidazole (1) lead to the borane adducts 2a and 2b. Deprotonation of 2a with n-butyllithium results in the formation of the novel N-borane-substituted imidazol-2-ylidene anion 3a- whereas deprotonated 2b rearranges unexpectedly to the anionic compound 3b-. This can be transformed into the carbene-borane adduct 4 by methylation. The reaction of 3a- with [Mn(CO)5Br] yields the carbene complex 5. Surprisingly, 3a- attacks Fe(CO)5 at a carbon atom which leads to the iron acyl complex anion 6-. The compositions of the products follow from spectroscopic and analytical data and from X-ray structure analyses for Li(thp)+3a-, Li(thf)2+3b- and Li(thp)3+6-.
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  • 41
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 847-851 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Fluorescent dyes ; Perylenes ; Heterocycles ; Carboxylic acids ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and properties of perylene-bisimides 4 with one carboxylic acid anchor group are described. The properties of 4 are strongly influenced by the spacer between the carboxylic acid group and the imide moeity. Dyes with aliphatic (4d-4g) and aromatic (4a-4c) spacers have been prepared.
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  • 42
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Diazo compounds ; Carbenes ; Heterocycles ; Enaminones ; Indoles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Copper-catalyzed decomposition of alkyl diazoacetates in the presence of semicyclic enaminones 1a-o leads primarily to enamino esters 2 which constitute formal products of C-C insertion of the carbene unit. In the case of N-methyl (1a-e) and N-benzyl (1f-i) enaminones, 2a-i are accompanied by 2,3,5,6-tetrahydroindoles 3a-i, in which two carbene moieties are incorporated. At 250 °C, compounds 2b-e, which could not be isolated in pure form, undergo cyclocondensation to form 1,2,3,5-tetrahydrocyclopenta-[b]pyrroles 4b-e. In contrast, 2f-i can be isolated as Z,E mixtures and are transformed thermally into 4f-i only in the presence of silica gel. Carbene transfer to N-phenyl enaminones 1j-m and N-methyl enamino esters 1n,o leads only to the 1:1 adducts, enamino esters 2j-o, which do not undergo the cyclocondensation reaction under the previous conditions. Dehydrogenation of tetrahydroindoles 3c-e with tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone can be controlled to give either 1,2-dihydroindole-6,7-dicarboxylates 5 or indole-6,7-dicarboxylates 6.
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  • 43
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles ; Pyridines ; Cyclizations ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of 6,8-diaroyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridines 4a-e was prepared by the reaction of 5-ethylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-amine (1) and p-substituted 3-(dimethylamino)propiophenones 2a-e in pyridine. The unexpected cyclization process was established by NMR and X-ray diffraction measurements.
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1353-1360 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Substitution ; Carbohydrates ; Anomeric O-hetarylation ; Glycosylation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Anomeric O-hetarylation of tetra-O-benzyl- and tetra-O-acetylglucose (1a, b) can be directly performed with electron-deficient heteroaromatic/heterocyclic systems 2-14, which contain imide halide moieties. The reactions were carried out in the presence of a base and led, through an exchange of the halide by the glucopyranosyloxy moiety, to the products 2a-14a, 7b-14b. Predominantly or exclusively β-products were obtained. Systems bearing more than one imide halide moiety, such as cyanuric fluoride (15) or 5-chloro-2,4,6-trifluoropyrimidine (16), can be employed for successive anomeric O-hetarylations. Investigation of the glycosyl donor properties of O-glucosyl heteroaromatic imidates with 6-O- and 4-O-unprotected glucose derivatives 18 and 19 as acceptors and comparison of the results obtained with data for the corresponding β-trichloroacetimidates 17aβ and 17bβ, reveals that 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridin-4-yl glucopyranosides 14aβ and 14bβ exhibit similar properties. For specific tasks, for instance α-glucopyranoside formation, 14aβ may even be advantageous.
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 2775-2784 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Cycloadditions ; Diatomic carbon ; Sulfones ; Alkenes ; Polycycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Chloro-1,4-benzodithiin 1,1,4,4-tetraoxide 11 is a reactive dienophile that forms Diels-Alder adducts with a number of dienes. Adducts 17a-j undergo facile dehydrochlorination to give 2,3-substituted 1,4-benzodithiin tetraoxides 18a-j, which react further with another molecule of diene (the same or a different one) affording the “double” adducts 19-23. Upon reductive desulfonylation with sodium amalgam, the latter are transformed to tetrasubstituted polycyclic olefins 24-27. These olefins correspond to the cycloadducts that would theoretically have been formed by the cycloaddition of diatomic carbon with two molecules of diene, reacting in a Diels-Alder fashion.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 46
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Isoquinolinium N-arylimides ; Azomethine imines ; Cycloadditions ; Heterocycles ; 1,3-Dipoles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The red isoquinolinium N-arylimides 19-23 are azomethine imines of which the C=N bond is part of an aromatic ring. The N-(4-nitrophenyl)imide 22 and the N-(2-pyridyl)imide 23 were obtained crystalline; in solution the latter equilibrates with the hexahydrotetrazine 24 as its dimer. The N-phenylimide 19 is not stable; an isolated solid appears to be a tetramer. Generated by deprotonation of 11-13, the N-arylimides 19-21 undergo in situ cycloadditions to carbon disulfide, phenyl isocyanate, phenyl isothiocyanate, and diphenylketene. The storable CS2 adduct 29 offers a neutral source of theN-phenylimide 19, since a cycloreversion equilibrium is established in solution.
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  • 47
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cycloaddition ; Elimination ; Heterocycles ; 1,2,4-Thiadiazolidines ; 1,2,4-Dithiazolidines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 5-Imino-1,2,4-thiadiazolidin-3-ones 1 react with compounds containing electron-rich double bonds such as enamines and ester enolates to afford the 2-iminothiazolidines 3, 4, and 10 in cycloaddition-elimination reactions. The less reactive 5-imino-1,2,4-dithiazolidin-3-ones 2 only give the 2-iminothiazolidines 3 or 4 with enamines; with ester enolates the 5-alkylidene-1,2,4-dithiazolidines 12 are formed. The reaction products with enamines undergo hydrolysis and elimination to form the corresponding hydroxy compounds 5, 6 or the unsaturated compounds 7, 8, depending on the size of the fused ring.
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  • 48
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Lipases ; Oxidations ; Pheromones ; Stegobinone ; Stegobium paniceum ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Crystalline (-)-stegobinone [(2S,3R,1′R)]-2,3-dihydro-2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(1′-methyl-2′-oxobutyl)-4H-pyran-4-one (1)], the major component of the female-produced sex pheromone of the drugstore beetle (Stegobium paniceum L.), was synthesized by oxidation of crystalline and the minor component (-)-stegobiol [(2S,3R,1′S,2′S)-2,3-dihydro-2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(2′-hydroxy-1′-methylbutyl)-4H-pyran-4-one (2)] under the appropriate conditions using Jones's chromic acid, Dess-Martin's periodinane or Ley's ruthenium reagent. The latter (2) was synthesized by employing lipase and the Sharpless epoxidation for the introduction of the proper chiral centers. The streostructure of 1 was comfirmed by X-ray analysis.
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1391-1395 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Nitrones ; 1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions ; β-Carbolines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The thermal isomerization of the 1,3-dipolar cycloadducts of 3,4-dihydro-β-carboline 2-oxide is studied using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Stereoisomerizations of the cis or syn cycloadducts with dipolarophiles such as methyl crotonate, methyl cinnamate, and methyl methacrylate into the trans or anti cycloadducts are observed. On the other hand, regioisomerization of the 1-substituted cycloadduct with nitroethylene into the 2-substituted cycloadduct is also observed.
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 593-594 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; NBS bromination ; Selective bromination ; Polybrominated thiazole ; Structure elucidation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Radical bromination of 4,5-dimethylthiazole (1) was carried out using different stoichiometries of N-bromosuccinimide in the presence of 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile. Mono-, tri- and tetrabromo compounds 2, 5, and 6 were obtained in good yields with regioselectivity while the dibromo derivatives 3 and 4 were formed without any selectivity. Substitution at the thiazole ring occurred in the presence of silica gel or in the perfluoro ether FC-77 (C8F16O), affording the 2-bromothiazole 7. The order of reactivity observed was 5-Me 〉 4-Me 〉 C-2. Structural assignment of compounds 2-7 was made by chemical correlations and NMR spectroscopy.
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  • 51
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Ambident dianions ; Regioselectivity ; Heterocycles ; C-C coupling ; Oxalyl dielectrophiles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Y-Shaped ambident dianions 1-6 were reacted with dielectrophilic oxalic acid-bis(imidoyl)dichlorides 7 providing a convenient access to novel N-heterocycles 8-13 containing a heteroanalogous oxalic acid unit. The cyclization reactions generally proceeded with good regioselectivity which is controlled by the heteroatoms of the dianion reagents.
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  • 52
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1471-1477 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cyclophanes ; Dilution principle ; Heterocycles ; Medium membered rings ; Ring strain ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The N-protected 1,10-diaza[2.2]metacyclo- and 1,10-diaza-[2]metacyclo[2](2,6)-pyridinophanes 4 and 5 have been synthesized for the first time using high dilution conditions. The free secondary diamine 7 was obtained from 4 by alkaline hydrolysis. - Quantum chemical calculations support the hypothesis that 7 is one of the most strained anti-hetera[2.2]metacyclophanes known. This is also evident from the 1H-NMR spectrum of 7, which shows one of the strongest high field shifts for the intraannular protons in comparison to other anti-[2.2]metacyclophanes.
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  • 53
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Azomethine ylides ; Difluorocarbene ; Cycloadditions ; Heterocycles ; Oxazolidines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Iminiodifluoromethanides generated by the reaction of difluorocarbene with benzaldehyde and benzophenone imines undergo regioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to aldehydes to give oxazolidine derivatives.
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  • 54
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Antibiotics ; Dipeptides ; Heterocycles ; β-Amino acid ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: TAN-1057 (1a, b) - a new natural dipeptide antibiotic active against methicillin resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus - was synthesized starting from Nα, Nδ, Nω-tri-Z-L-arginine 20b via the corresponding diazoketone 21b. This upon photolysis rearranged to the ketene which was trapped by (±)-2,4,5,6-tetrahydro-5-methylamino-2-ureidopyrimidin-4-one (3) to yield the fully protected dipeptide 23 (30%). The latter was deprotected by hydrogenolysis to give the final compound as a mixture of two epimers - TAN-1057A, B - isolated previously from a strain of Flexibacter sp. PK-74. The intermediate 3 was prepared from 3-amino-2-(N-Z-N-methylamino)propionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride (16) and 2-methyl-2-thiopseudobiuret hydroiodide (18) in one step in 35% yield.
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  • 55
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Alkoxopalladium(II) ; Conformational analysis ; Hydrogen bonding ; Two-dimensional and cage structures ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of palladium acetate with two equivalents of di- and triethanolamines RN(CH2CH2OH)2 in the presence of a base affords the new chelate-stabilized alkoxo Pd(II) complexes [Pd(OCH2CH2N(R)CH2CH2OH)2] [R = Me (1), Et (2), n-Bu (3), benzyl (4) or CH2CH2OH (5)]. These N,O-ligated complexes are isolated in high yield as yellow, crystalline solids and are thermally stable despite the presence of several β-hydrogen atoms in the ligand system. Both complexes possess a square-planar palladium coordination geometry with the two oxygen atoms positioned mutually trans. The most notable difference in the molecular structures is that 1 forms a two dimensional network of intermolecular O-H≡O hydrogen bonds, whereas 5 forms intramolecular O-H⃛O hydrogen bonds, which cage the palladium center. In solution 1-4 exist as a diastereoisomeric mixture (a racemic enantiomeric pair SNSN, RNRN and a mesomeric form RNSN) in a 1:1 molar ratio, and this ratio is independent of temperature in nonalcoholic solvents, When complexes 1-4 are dissolved in protic solvents (e.g. MeOH) the diastereomeric excess is temperature-dependent due to an exchange process between the meso diastereoisomer and the (racemic) enantiomeric pair. Thermodynamic parameters for this process in a mixture of MeOH-toluene have been determined with NMR and show this process to be influenced by the steric nature of the alkyl substituent (R) on nitrogen. A conformational analysis based on 1H-NMR coupling constants within the N,O-chelate ring of complexes 1-4 provides details on the solution structure of the ring in both diastereoisomers.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 56
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 13-22 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Carbamates ; Catalysis ; Substituted nitrobenzenes ; Palladium ; Reductive carbonylation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The palladium-catalyzed reductive carbonylation of ortho and para-substituted nitrobenzenes has proven to be an attractive route for the synthesis of functionalized carbamates. For the Pd(1, 10-phenanthroline)2(triflate)2 catalyst system, the scope of the reaction has been studied. Substrates with electron-donating substituents at the para position were found to decrease the catalytic activity, most probably as a result of their relatively low oxidizing capacity. the selectivity towards the desired carbamate, however, was increased for these substrates. Under the influence of electron-withdrawing substituents the azoxybenzene and azobenzene derivatives became important side products. Introduction of large steric hindrance at the ortho position of the nitro substrates gave rise to an interesting side reaction, viz. methoxylation of the aromatic ring. The methoxylation reaction appeared to occur on an intermediate species in the catalytic cycle. Several functionalities have shown to be resistant to the reaction conditions required for the conversion ot the nitro group. Especially with 4-nitrobenzoic acid, an extremely high activity and selectivity was found, thus yielding a very convenient synthesis for N-protected amines containing carboxylic acid function.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 57
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Isothiazole complexes ; Dinuclear silver(I) complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of isothiazole-based potential ligands bearing substituents with additional donor sites in the 5-position of the heterocycle was synthesized [3-Me-5-R-C3HNS; R = CH=N(CH2)2py (1), CH=NCH2py (2), CH2N(CH2CH2NEt2)2 (4), (CH2)2SMe (5)]. Upon reaction with AgO3SCF3 they formed complexes [(1)AgOSO2CF3]2 (6), [(2)AgOSO2CF3]2 (7), [(4)Ag]2+2(O3SCF-3)2 (8) and [(5)AgOSO2CF3]2 (9), respectively. 6, 8 and 9 were shown by X-ray structural analyses to consist of dimeric units L2Ag2+2, either discrete (8), coordinated by terminal CF3SO-3 units (6). In 8 and 9 the isothiazole moiety is bonded to the metal center via the ring-N. The coordination potential of the isothiazole heterocycle is discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 58
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 115-118 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Gold complexes ; Bromonium complex ; Halogenonium complex ; Halogen, two-coordinate ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of (R3P)AuX (X = Cl, Br, I) with [(R3P)Au]+ BF-4 obtained from (R3P)AuCl and AgBF4 in tetrahydrofuran, lead to cationic binuclear gold(I) complexes of the general formula ([(R3P)Au]2X}+ BF-4. A number of chloro- (R = Ph, o-Tol, Mes, Bzl, Et), bromo- (R = Ph, o-Tol, Mes) and iodo-bridged (R = Ph, Mes) complexes of this type have been isolated and identified on the basis of their analytical and spectroscopic data. The crystal structure of bis[(triphenylphosphane)gold(I)]bromonium tetrafluoroborate was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cations contain two-coordinate bromine atoms with an Au-Br-Au angle of 96.83(3)°.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 59
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Arene complexes ; Ruthenium compounds ; Electrophilic substitution ; Lithiation ; Catalysis ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chiral or achiral (arene)(COD)Ru complexes can be made by replacing the η6-ligands of (η4-1,5-COD)(η6-1,3,5-cyclooctatriene)Ru (1) or (η4-1,5-COD)(η6-naphthalene)Ru (2) by a suitable arene. This well known reaction has been extended to mono- and dibromoarenes and we report a novel route to substituted (arene)(COD)Ru species, utilizing (bromoarene)-(COD)Ru as starting materials. These facilitate a rapid bromine-lithium exchange reaction with nBuLi at low temperatures and the lithiated species react readily with alkyl chloroformates as electrophiles. By using chiral electrophiles [alkyl = (-)-menthyl] enantiomerically pure or diastereomeric complexes containing CO2R* groups are formed, depending on the symmetry of the original complex. A diastereomeric 1:1 mixture was separated by recrystallization. All (arene)-(COD)Ru complexes tested so far are useful as catalysts for the hydrogenation of simple alkenes at room temperature.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 60
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 145-154 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Fluorocarbons ; C-F bond activation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The main reaction pathways which lead to the breaking of C-F bonds in perfluoroalkanes and -arenes are discussed. Emphasis is placed on recent developments and on the mechanistic patterns that emerge.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 61
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The metal-vapor reactions of Co atoms with 1,3-tBu2CpH (1a), 1,3-tBu2CpH (1a), 1,2,4-tBu3CpH (1b) and EtMe4CpH (1c) are described. With 1a the two mononuclear complexes [(η5-tBu2Cp) (η4-tBu2-1,3-cyclopentadiene)Co] (2a) and [(η5-tBu2Cp)2Co] (3a) were isolated, together with the dinuclear cobalt cluster [{(η5-tBu2Cp)Co}2H3] (4a) and trace amounts of the tetranuclear cluster [{(η5-tBu2Cp)CoH}4] (5a). The molecular structures of 3a and 4a were determined by X-ray diffraction. Reaction of 1b with Co atoms afforded a single product, the dinuclear cluster [{(η5-tBu3Cp)Co}2H3] (4b), whose molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both, 4a and 4b exhibit extremely short Co-Co distances [2.244(1) (4a) and 2.242(1) Å (4b)], as found for the Me5Cp analog [{(η5-Me5Cp)Co}2H3] (4c). Reaction of an isomeric mixture of Me4EtCpH (1c) with Co atoms furnished the mononuclear sandwich [ (η5-Me4EtCp)(η4-Me4Et-1,3- cyclopentadiene)Co] (2b), the trinuclear hydridocobalt cluster [{(η5-Me4EtCp)Co}3H4] (6a) and the tetranuclear hydridocobalt cluster [{(η5-Me4EtCp)Co}4H4] (5c). The molecular structure of 5c was determined by X-ray crystallography and revealed a tetrahedral arrangement of the cobalt atoms. The electrochemical behavior of the dinuclear complexes 4a-4c was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Reversible redox couples were found for all three compounds, with a correlation between the degree of alkyl substitution and their respective cathodic shifts. Compounds 4a and 4b react with CO to yield the mononuclear and dinuclear complexes [ (η5- CpR)Co(CO)2] (R=1,3-tBu2, 1,2,4-tBu3) (7a and 7b) as well as [{(η5-CpR)CO}2(CO)2] (8a and 8b). Reaction of the trinuclear hydridocobalt cluster 6a and its Me5Cp analog 6b with AgBF4 in the presence of PEt3 yielded the heteronuclear clusters [{η5-Me4CPR)Co}3AgP(Et)3H4]+[BF4]- (R=Et, Me) (9a and 9b). 9a was structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 62
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 45-48 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Metallated methyl isopropenyl ether ; Tetrahydrofurans ; 1-Oxabicyclo[4.3.0]heptanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Methyl isopropenyl ether (1) has been metallated at low temperature with a 1:1 molar mixture of n-BuLi/t-BuOK in THF-hexane, and subsequently functionalized with a variety of electrophilic reagents. At temperatures higher than - 30°C, the metallated methyl isopropenyl ether (2) decomposes with formation of allene. When the suspension of 2 is allowed to warm up to room temperature in the presence of an additional equivalent of n-BuLi, the intermediary allene is converted into 1-propynyllithium (2c), which reacts with propylthiocyanate to give 1-propylthio-1-propyne (4). Some of the functionalization products were subjected to acidic hydrolysis affording the expected methyl ketones.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 63
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 55-62 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Diastereoselective hydrogenation ; Folic acid ; Immobilized optically active rhodium(I)/diphosphane catalysts ; Leucovorin ; HPLC analysis of 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid derivatives ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For the hydrogenation of the C=N bonds in the pyrazine ring of the vitamin folic acid (1) optically active rhodium(I)/diphosphane complexes immobilized on supports such as silica gel or Al2O3 were used. The reduction was carried out at 50 bar hydrogen pressure in an aqueous solution buffered to pH 7. Thus, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid (2) was obtained which contains a new asymmetric center at C-6 of the pterine system. Therefore, in combination with the (S) configuration of the natural L-glutamic acid part of the molecule two diastereomers with (6S,S) and (6R,S) configuration arise. The relatively unstable tetrahydrofolic acid (2) was converted into its 5-formyl derivative folinic acid (4) by treatment with methyl formate/formic acid in a 5:1 mixture of DMSO/pyridine. The Ca salt of folinic acid (4) is the widely used drug leucovorin. The diastereomers were separated by silica gel HPLC. To the column bovine serum albumine (BSA) is covalently bound. With optically active rhodium(I)/diphosphane catalysts, immobilized on silica gel supports, a diastereoselectivity of up to 90% could be achieved in the hydrogenation of folic acid (1).
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  • 64
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 405-408 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Hexahydro-closo-hexaborates ; Boron ; Bridging ligands ; NMR spectroscopy ; Gold ; Copper ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: By reaction of (PPh3)3 CuCl and PPh3AuCl with [B6H6]2- in organic media, dinuclear complexes are formed containing the hexaborate as a bridging ligand coordinated to the metal centers by opposite B3 facets of the B6 cluster in a trihapto mode. This is verified by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis of the isotypical (Paā) compounds [Cu2μ-bis-η3-B6H6)(PPh3)2] (1) and [Au2(μ-bis-η3-B6H6)(PPh3)2)] (2) which showed the metal centers to be very close to the B3 plane [1.92 (1), 2.10 (2) Å. The 11B NMR spectra of the two compounds feature doublets, at δ= -15.32 in 1 and at -11.51 in 2, which are significantly shifted downfield in comparison to [B6H6]2- (δ= -17.2).
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  • 65
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 425-429 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Silver complexes ; Crown compounds ; Thioethers ; 1,3-Dithioles ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The coordination chemistry of two crown thioethers 2,5,8,10,12-pentathiabicyclo[7.3.0]dodeca-1)9)-ene-11-thione (L) and -11-one (L') with Ag1 has been investigated by structural methods. Both thioethers act as tridentate ligands coordinating the silver ion in a trigonal fashion. In the case L, the 11- thione sulfur is coordinated additionally by another silver ion, to yield a polymeric chain with a distorted-tetrahedral geometry about the metal ion. Despite differing only in its carbonyl chalcogen, L' forms six-coordinated, monomeric complexes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 66
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 433-442 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Metallobiosites ; Metalloproteins ; Metalloenzymes ; Dinucleating ligands ; Transition metals ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Awareness of the asymmetric nature of numerous dinuclear metallobiosites and of the ability of the individual metal ions to have quite distinct roles in the functioning of the metalloenzyme concerned has led to a search for carefully designed unsymmetric dinucleating ligands that will give dinuclear complexes capable of acting as models for the metallobiosites. This review surveys progress made in the design and synthesis of complexes capable of serving as models for donor atom, coordination number and geometric asymmetries found at dinuclear metal centres.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 67
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Alkali metal organophosphanylamide ; Carbon-potassium bonding ; Phosphazane ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The metalation of bis(diphenylphosphanyl)amine [HN-(PPh2)2,1 with KOtBu at 95°C in toluene affords a pale yellow precipitate of potassium bis(diphenylphosphanyl)amide (3a). On addition of liquid N,N,N′,N“,N“-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDTA, 4) the precipitate dissolves in toluene at 115°C to give a yellow solution, from which yellow-green blocks of [(Ph2P)2NK·PMDTA] (3b) are obtained. X-ray analysis reveals that the coordination sphere of potassium consists of the chelating triamine ligand and [N(PPh2)2]- as N-donor as well as η1 and η2 C-donor with two phenyl fragments. No phosphorus coordination of [N(PPh2)2]- is observed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 68
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Phosphaalkynes ; Triorganoaluminium compounds ; Cooligomerization ; Cage compounds ; Aluminium compounds ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When the trialkylaluminium reagents 5 are allowed to react with phosphaalkynes 4 in n-pentane, a highly selective phosphaalkyne cyclotrimerization with incorporation of two organometallic units occurs (→ 6). The tetracyclooctane derivatives 6a-e represent the first examples of phosphorus-aluminium-carbon cage compounds. The polycyclic products 6 are able to function as ligands in transition-metal complexes (→ 7), which is illustrated by the reactions of 6b, c with nonacarbonyldiiron and pentacarbonyl(tetrahydrofuran)tungsten, respectively.
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  • 69
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 283-289 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Zinc ; Sulfonate ligands ; Perchlorates ; Coordination modes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Attempts are reported to incorporate sulfonate and perchlorate anions as ligands in zinc complexes of tripodal ligands. Using tris(benzimidazolylmethyl)amine (BIMA) only the aqua complexes [ (BIMA)Zn-OH2](RSO3)(ClO4) and [(BIMA)Zn-OH2](RSO3)2(R=CH3, CF3, p-tolyl) were accessible. Using substituted pyrazolylborates (Tp*), the same three sulfonate anions were found to be ligands in the complexes Tp*Zn-OSO2R. Spectroscopic evidence for perchlorate coordination in Tp*ZnClO4 · 2 DMSO conflicts with crystallograpic evidence against it in Tp*ZnClO4 · pyridine. The crystal structures of [(BIMA)Zn-OH2](CH3SO3)2, TpCum,MeZn-OS02CH3, TPtBu,MeZn-OSO2C6H4-p-CH3, and [TpCum,MeZn · NC5H5]ClO4 were determined.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 70
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 295-298 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Rhenium ; Oxides ; Alkyl ligands ; Dirhenium compounds ; Metal-metal interactions ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Most alkylrhenium(VII) oxides, e.g. ((cyclo)-C3H5)Re03 (2) are rather sensitive to temperature and moisture with the prominent exception of methyltrioxorhenium (1). The corresponding alkylrhenium(VI) oxides of formula [RR′(O)- Re(μ-O)]2 [R=R′=(cyclo)-C3H5 (3), iPr (4); R=CH3, R′=C2H5 (5), R=CH3, R′=iPr (6)] are much more stable in this regard. They can be handled in air at room temperature. They were synthesized from Re207 and dialkylzinc precursors, fully characterized and are available in much higher yields than their ReVII congeners. Mixed tetraalkyltetraoxodirhenium(VI) complexes (R # R′) synthesized from 1 and dialkylzinc compounds form as a mixture of cis/trans isomers. They are oily liquids at room temperature. The Re=O and Re-Re stretching force constants as a measure of the bond strengths, were determined from IR and Raman data.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 71
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 335-340 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Allylsilanes ; Superbases ; Metalations ; Stereoselectivity ; Cyclizations ; Silicon ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When treated with two equivalents of a butyllithium/potassium tert-butoxide mixture, terminal olefins carrying unprotected hydroxy or carboxy groups generate allylmetal intermediates which can be trapped with chlorotrimethylsilane to afford functionalized (Z)-2-alkenyltrimethylsilanes. One equivalent of the superbasic reagent suffices if the unsaturated alcohols are first protected as acetals before being subjected to the metalation/silylation/hydrolysis sequence.
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  • 72
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Metallacycloalkanes ; Metallacycloalkenes ; Osmium ; Iron ; Cyclic ketones ; Metallacycles ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of the bis(triflates) [F3CSO3-(CH)m-O3SCF3] [m = 5-10, 12, 14, 16 (1a-i) with Na2[Os(CO)4] in dimethyl either affords the osmacycloalkanes 2a, 2b and 2f-i (m = 5, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16), diosmacycloalkanes 3a-i (m = 5-10, 12, 14, 16), and triosmacycloalkanes 4a-i (m = 5-10, 12, 14, 16). The structure of 3f was investigated by an X-ray structural analysis. This 22-membered disomacycle crystallizes in the space group Pā with Z = 1. If the unsaturated cis-4-octen-1,8-diyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate) (5) is treated with Na2[Os(CO)4] the diosmacyclooctadeca-5,14-diene 6 is obtained. By treating the bis(triflates) 1a, b with Na2[Fe(CO)4] the corresponding ferracycloalkanes are formed only in situ. Insertion of carbon monoxide into the M-C σ bonds leads to the cyclic ketones 7a, d and to the diketone 8d.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 73
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Pyrrolidinephosphanes ; 3-Hydroxypyrrolidine ; 3-Diphenylphosphanylpyronlidine ; Salt effects ; Polymorphism ; Homogeneous catalysis ; Palladium ; Asymmetric catalysis ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preparation of both enantiomers of 3-diphenylphosphanulpyrrolidiine (2) and several N-substituted derivatives together with two PdIi complexes of this ligand is reported. Form L-malic acid and L-hydroxyproline both enantiomers of 3-hydroxypyrrolidine are prepared without any problems due to epimerization. KPPh2 in the presence of LiCl is shown to be the most effective reagent for the synthesis of 2. The reported X-ray structure determination sof Pdl2 complexes show a rather rigid bicyclic hetero-norbornane skeleton. The flexibility of the other parts of the molecules is obvious in several polymorphs revealed by this method. This polymorphism is additionally investigated by a 31P-CP-MAS study. From solution 1-, 13C- and 31P-NMR studies it is concluded that the bicyclic hetero-norbornane skeleton is retained in solution.
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  • 74
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Trichlorosilylation ; Dichlorophosphanes ; Silylphosphanes ; Amino(silyl)phosphanes ; Silicon /Reductions ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of hexachlorodisilane and of trichlorosilane/triethylamine with alkyl-and dialkylaminodichlorophosphanes RPCl2 1a-i [R = iPr: a; (Me3Si)2CH: b; R=1-adamantly: c: R=tBu: d; R=Et2N: e; R=iPr2M: f] furnish bis(trichlorosilyl)-phosphanes RP(SiCl3)2 3a-f. However, when less bulky substituents are attached to the phosphorus atom, so that there is little steric crowding, the double reductive silylations leading from 1 to 3 are accompanied by side reactions and decomposition of 3. Therefore, only 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3f wre isolated in a pure state. These compounds are more readily prepared by the; trichlorosilane/triethylamine method. 1H-, 31P- and 29Si-Nmr spectra confirm their constitution. The structure of solid 3f, the first aminobis(trichlorosilyl)phosphane, was determined by X-ray crystallography. 3f contains a phosphorus atom in a pyramidal environment surrounded by two silicon atoms and a planar nitrogen atom of the diisopropylamino group.
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  • 75
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 417-420 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Gallium ; Low-valent compounds ; Gallium-gallium bond ; Terminal triphenytriazenido ligand ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetrakis[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]digallane (4) 1 reacts with 1,3-diphenyltriazene to yield two compounds, which were both characterized by a crystal structure determination. The gallium-gallium bond is retained in the yellow derivate [(H5C6)2N3](R)Ga-Ga(R)[N3(C6H5)2 2 [R = CH(SiMe3)2], which is formed by a ligand exchange reaction and shows two terminal chelating triazenido ligands besides two bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl groups; the Ga—Ga bond length is 245.79(6) pm. The second product is the orange dialkyl(diphenyltriazenido)gallium derivative R2Ga[N3(C6H5)2] 3, where the triazene has reacted as an oxidant by the cleavage of the Ga—Ga bond and probably by release of elemental hydrogen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 76
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 463-472 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Hypervalent compounds ; Tellurium ; Polycations ; Molecular Orbital Theory ; Band structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Approximate MO and band structure calculation are used to analyze the bonding in the recently synthesized paramagnetic, semiconducting phase [Te15Br4]2+. The [Te15Br4]2+ chains are very similar to those in the tellurium subhalide Te2Br. The electronic structure and bonding within these chains is analysed and the possibility of hypervalency in both [Te15Br4][MoOBr4]2 and Te2Br is discussed. The bonding in the classically hypervalent molecule TeBr42- and a model Te3Br24- is compared to that of the infinite system. Our calculations indicate that both [Te15Br4][MoOBr4]2 and Te2Br contain weakly hypervalent Te atoms and that the interesting electronic properties of [Te15Br4][MoOBr4]2 arise within the distinct sublattices, which do not interact significantly.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 77
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 479-488 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Heterobimetallic complexes ; Carbene complexes ; Alkynes ; Coupling reaction ; Bridging ligands ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sequential reaction of the dimethylamino(trimethylsilylethylnyl)carbene complexes [(CO)5M'=C(NMe2)C≡CSiMe3] [M' = W (1a)] with KF/THFMeOH, nBuLi and transition metal halides, [XMLn], affords heterobimetallic propynyliden complexes of the type [(CO)5M'=C(N-Me2)C≡CMLn] [MLn = Ni(PPh3) Cp (4a, b). Ni(PMe2Ph)2- {Mes) (Mes=2,4,6-C6H2Me3) (5a), Rh(CO)(PPh3)2 (6a), Fe(CO)2Cp (7a,b)]. In contrast, reaction of 1a with MeLi · LiBr and [IFe(CO)2Cp] yields the novel N-metallated complex [(CO)5W=C{N(ME)Fe(CO)2Cp}C≡CSiMe3] (8a). The complexes [(CO)5M'=C(NMe2)C≡CMLn=Fe(CO)2Cp (7a, b), Ru(CO)2Cp (10a,b), Ru(CO)(PPh3)Cp (11a), Mn(CO)5 (12a), Re(CO)5 (13a)] are accessible by Pd-catalyzed coupling of the C-stannylated carbene complexes [(CO)5M'=C-(NMe2)C≡CSnBu3] (9a, b) with [XMLn]. The related monomethylaminocarbene complexes [(CO)5M'=C(NHMe)C≡ CSnBu3] (16a, b), obtained by stannylation of [(C))5M'=C(NHMe)C=CH] (15a, B) with Bu3SnNEt2, react with [IFe(CO)2Cp] to give the bimetallic complexes [(CO)5M'=C(NHMe)C≡CFe(CO)2Cp] (17a, b). The complexes 4a, 5a, 7a and 10a were characterized by X-ray structural analysis. The spectroscopic and structural data suggest that the two metal centers in 4-7, 10-13, and 17 interact only weakly.
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  • 78
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Rhenium ; Technetium ; 8a-Amino-6-methyl-ergoline ; Chelates ; Structure elucidation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Current research in radiopharmaceutical chemistry is aimed at the design of technetium-based receptor-binding radiotracers because of the excellent nuclide properties of the isotope 99mTc. Tc tracers and the corresponding complexes of rhenium, as the inactive surrogate of Tc, are required to imitate organic agonists or antagonists of the receptor. We have started studies with ergolines, which are known to be dopamine substitutes. The present report deals with the functionalization of 8α-amino-6-methyl-ergoline (2) with a 2-mercaptoacetyl group, and the subsequent synthesis of the first rhenium complex containing a pendent ergoline moiety [Re- O(SSS)(RS)] (HSSSH = HS-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-SH and RSH = 8a-amino-N-(2-mercaptoacetyl)-6-methyl-ergoline) (4). The molecular structure of the rhenium complex was determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis.
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  • 79
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 859-862 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Yttrium ; Lanthanum ; Samarium ; Lanthanides ; Aminotroponiminate ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of N-isopropyl-2-(isopropylamino)troponimine, [(i-Pr)2ATI]H, with KH in THF affords [(i-Pr)2ATI]K. This is a useful starting material for the preparation of the mono-, bis- and tris-substituted compounds [[i-Pr)2ATI]YCl2-(THF)2}2, [(i-Pr)2ATI2Y[O(2,6,t-Bu2C6H3)] and [(i-Pr)2-ATI]3Ln (Ln = Y, La, Sm), which can be obtained from ([i-Pr)2ATI]K and LnX3 and LnX3 (X = Cl, I), or Y[O(2,6-t-BuC6H3)]3. All compounds have been characterized by spectroscopic methods. The monosubstituted yttrium complex {[(i-Pr)2ATI]YCl2(THF)2}2 has also been investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
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  • 80
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: C-H activation ; Alkyne complexes ; Cyclopentadienyl cobalt ; Fluxionality ; Hydrido complexes ; Clusters ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vicinal C-H bonds of the cycloalkenes CnH2n (n = 5-8) were activated upon treatment under mild conditions with reactive sources of the (C5H5)CO fragment. With [C5H5)CO(C2H4)2] (2a), the trinuclear cluster complexes [H2((C5H5)CO)3(μ3-C2(CH2)n-2)] (5a: n = 5; 5c: n = 5d: n = 8) were formed. Using the more reactive [(C5H5)2Co]/K, 5a-5dwere obtained, along with small amounts of the tetranuclear [{(C5H5)CO}4r{μ4-C2(CH2)n-2}] (8a-c: n = 5-7). X-ray structure analyses of 5c, d and 8b, c were performed. A μ-‖ (orμ3-η1:η2:η1) coordination of the cycloalkyne ligands was found in the trinuclear cluster complexes. The tetranuclear 8b, c had the cycloalkynes quadruply bridging (μ4-η1:η2:η2:η1_ a butterfly arrangement of the metal atoms. The acetylenic carbon-carbon bonds are considerably lengthened upon coordination [1.392(4), 1.398(3) å in 5c d; 1.464(8), 1.499(5) Å in 8b, c]. Three dynamic processes - alkyne “walk” on top of the CO3 triangle, μ2-hydride migration, and μ2/μ3-hydride exchange - are operational in the trinuclear 5a-d. Dynamic NMR data for 5a are consistent with a “windshield-wiper” mechanism for the alkyne migration. Hydride exchange is associated with a higher energy barrier, and is probably and independent dynamic process.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 81
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Mercury ; Lanthanides ; Lanthanoid(II) complexes ; (N-2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)(N-trimethylsily)amide complexes ; Bis(trimethylsilyl)amide complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Mercury(II) amide complex Hg[N(SiMe3)(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2 (1) was prepared by reaction of HgBr2 with Li[N(SiMe3) 2,6-iPr2C6H3)] in diethyl ether solvent. Redox transmetallation reactions of 1 with elemental samarium, europium or ytterbium in THF solvent (THF = tetrahydrofuran), generated the novel divalent complexes Ln[N(SiMe3)(2,6-iPr2C6H3]2(THF)2 with Ln = Sm (2), Eu (3) and Yb (4). 4 was also synthesized by reaction of elemental ytterbium, HgPh2 and HN(SiMe3)(2,6-Me3)2]2(THF)2 [Ln = Sm (5), Yb (6)] by reaction of the metals with HgPh2 and HN(SiMe3)2. Thermal desolvation of 4 under high vacuum gave Yb(N)(SiMe3)2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2 (THF) (7), whereas under identical conditions 6 yielded the solvent-free complex [Yb[N{SiMe3)2]2]2. (8). The new compounds 1-4 and 7 are hydrocarbon soluble and 171Yb-NMR spectra were recorded for 4, 6, 7 and 8. X-ray crystal structure determinations of 2 and 4 revealed four-coordinate, distorted tetrahedral metal environments augmented by weak Ln…ipso-C(aryl) interactions.
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  • 82
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Biaryls ; Boron ; Chirality ; Cooperative Effects ; Lewis acids ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A number of Lewis acid binaphthyl systems, substituted in 2-or 2,2′-position, are synthesized by lithiation of 2,2′-dibromo-1,l ′-binaphthyl (5), followed by addition of various electrophiles. Stepwise lithiation and subsequent borylation with trimethyl borate leads to the bromoboronic acid 6, which can be stabilized by esterification with pinacol giving 7. By increasing the reaction mixture to 2 equiv. of n-butyllithium and 2 equiv. of methyl borate the path to the binaphthylmonoboronic acid ester 9 is opened up. A further increase in the quantity of electrophile also leads to the binaphthylbisboronic acid ester 12. The 2,2′-disubstituted silyl, germyl, and stannyl derivatives 13a-15a are accessible in good yields. Treatment with boron halides leads exclusively to methyl/halogen exchange, giving the bidentate Lewis acids 13b-15b, the former of which can be bridged by oxygen.Only in case of the bis(tributylstannyl)binaphthyl 16a does ipso substitution occur in the presence of boron trichloride, giving the bis(dichloroboryl)-substituted binaphthyl 16b which can then be hydrolysed to 11. The structures of the majority of the compounds were investigated by X-ray diffraction. In case of the 2,2′-disubstituted compounds 13a-15a the naphthyl groups are orientated perpendicular to each other. The intra- and intermolecular interactions are dominated by this binaphthyl system. In case of the oxygenbridged compounds 13c and 14c the angle between the naphthyl planes decreases to about 70°. This also has an effect on the packing of the molecule; in this instance the orientation of two naphthyl in neighbouring molecules is nearly parallel. The structure of the diboronic acid is dominated by intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
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  • 83
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 951-954 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Phosphane-boranes ; Medium-sized rings ; Ring opening and closure ; Temperature-dependent NMR studies ; Phosphorus ; Boron ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A phosphane-borane (3) with the P-B bond integrated into a seven-membered ring was prepared from 4-pentenyl-diphenylphosphane (4) by hydroboration using 9-borabicyclononane (9-BBN). The product was confirmed to have a ring structure in the solid state by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The P-B distance of 2.057(2) Å is indicative of a standard donor-acceptor bond similar to the type found in homologous five- and six-membered rings. The room-temperature 31P-NMR signal of the compound in various solvents (δ ≈ - 15) is not compatible with the cyclic structure and suggests that ring opening occurs as the compound is dissolved. Variable-temperature NMR work corroborated this assumption, and the enthalpy of ring closure was determined to be ΔH = -30.5(4) kJmol-l. In CD2C12 at -90°C, δ31P is shifted to +3.5 ppm to low field, suggesting virtually complete ring closure under these conditions.
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  • 84
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 963-968 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Fluorine ; Macrocycles ; Complexes ; Sodium ; Barium ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two new fluoro macrocycles BenzoFN2O3 and F(N2O2)2C2H4 were synthesized in the reactions of 1,3-bis(bromomethyl)-2-fluorobenzene with benzo-diaza-15-crown-5 and 1,2-bis(diaza-12-crown-4)ethane, respectively, in 30% yield each. Close CF...metal ion interactions in the respective alkaline metal complexes in solution are evidenced by characteristic shifts of the 19F-NMR resonances of up to δ = 18.7 relative to the free ligand and by a decrease of the 1J(CF) coupling constant of up to 20 Hz, which is most pronounced in BenzoFN2O3 · Li+ and F(N2O2)2C2H4 · K+. In BenzoFN2O3· Li+ a1J(19F-7Li) of 15.5 Hz was observed, which is indicative very close CF...Li+ interactions in solution. In the X-ray crystal structures of BenzoFN2O3 · Na+ [CF⃛Na+ 246.8(2) pm], 26-fluoro-4,7,13,16-tetraoxa-1, 10-diazatricyclo[ 8.8.7.1 20,24 ] - hexacosa-20,22,24(26)triene · Na+ (CF⃛Na+ 267.1(2) pm) and 21 -fluoro-3,6,9,12,15,18-hexaoxabicyclo[ 18.3.1 1,20]heneicosa- l(24),20,22-triene. Ba2+ [CF⃛Ba2+ 299.0(3) pm] short CF⃛metal interactions were found. Such close CF⃛metal ion interactions do not result in a lengthening of the C-F bonds, which is not a sign of weak CF⃛metal ion interactions, since a Cambridge Structural Database search revealed that a shortening of the C-O bond length is also not observed in crown ether complexes of alkaline metals.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 85
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Phosphorus heterocycles ; 1H-Phosphirenes ; Nucleophilic substitution reactions at 1H-phosphirenes ; Metal-complexation of functionalized 1H-phosphirenes ; Carbonyl complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The halogen atoms in the 1-chloro-1H-phosphirenes, 5a-c, are easily substituted on reaction with organolithium and Grignard reagents, 14a-p, with formation of the corresponding O-, N-, C-, Si-, and Ge-substituted 1H-phosphirenes, 15a-t. C1/H exchange reactions also occur on reaction with lithium metal hydrides (5a → 17). Furthermore, substitution reactions are also realized with the alkali metal borates, 18a-g (→19a-g); the same is true for reactions with trimethylsilyl cyanide and azide (→22a-d). Some of the substitution products have been characterized in the form of their metal complexes, 16, 23, 24, and 25.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 86
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Germatranes ; Organotrihalogenogermanes ; Organometallic (Si, Ge, Sn) reagents ; Transmetallation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Trialkylstannyl esters of tris(2-hydroxyalkyl)amines, N(CH2CHROSnAlk3)3 (9-11 (R = H, Me; Alk = Et, Bu), react with X3GeC(R1)(R2)COOR3 (12-17) (X = Cl or Br; R1, R2=H, Me, Ph, SiMe3, COOEt; R3=Me, Et) to give esters of α-germatranylcarboxylic acids, N(CH2CHRO)3GeC(R1)(R2)-COOR3 (1-8), in high yields. The synthesis of esters 12-17 is reported. Esters of α-germatranyldiphenylacetic acid 24 and 25 can be obtained by treatment of diphenylketene with Et3SnOMe to give in situ Et3SnC(Ph2)COOMe (23), followed by reaction with GeCl4 to give in situ Cl3GeC(Ph2)COOMe (22 and further reactions with 9 or 11, respectively. Reduction of germatrane 6 with LiAlH4 in diethyl ether leads to cleavage of the germanium-carbon bond with subsequent formation of (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylsilane. The crystal structures of 3, 6 and 7 are reported. 1-Acyloxygermatranes 26 and 27 are obtained by treatment of 1-methoxygermatrane (28) with diphenyl- and dichloroacetic acid, respectively.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 87
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Tin - Nitrogen cage compounds ; Sn—X—Sn intramolecular bridges ; Distannylamine pyridine adduct ; Tin ; Moessbauer spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tris(dimethylchlorostannyl)amine (2a) reacts with pyridine in a 3:4 molar ratio to produce the tin-nitrogen containing bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane (3) with elimination of the adduct Me2SnCl2·2 py. Treatment of the distannylamine 2,6-[Pr2H3N(SnMe2Cl)2 (4) with pyridine, however, leads to the formation of the 1:1 pyridine adduct 4 and this can be regarded as a model to explain the route to 3. The molecular structures of 3 and 5 were determined by multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in solution, as well as by X-ray structure analysis of their crystals. Typical structural features for both compounds are intramolecular Sn—X—Sn bridges. Support for the structures comes from MS fragmentation patterns, IR spectra, and the Mössbauer spectra.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 88
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: 1,2,4-Diazaphospholes ; Phosphiranes, alkylidene- ; 2-Phosphabutadienes ; Phosphorus heterocycles ; pyrazolines, thermolysis ; Rearrangements ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 5-alkylidene-4,5-dihydro-3H-1,2,4(λ3)-diazaphospholes (4-phosphapyrazolines) are thermally much more stable than related compounds without the exocyclic double bond. Thermolysis reactions typically occur in the range 110-150°C in toluene solution, and different, mostly competing, reaction pathways are observed. Thermal extrusion of nitrogen from 8a-g gives rise to β-phosphanaylsiloxyalkenes 10, benzo[c]-phosphole derivatives 11, 14 and 115, (β-siloxyalkylidene)-Phosphiranes 12, and dihydro-1,3-oxaphospholes 13. The thermolysis of 5-alkylidene-4,5-dihydro-4-trimethylsilyl-3-trimethylsilyloxy-3H-1,2,4-dizaphospholes 17 afforded three products, including the highly substituted and stable 2-phosphabutadienes 18 formed by nitrogen extrusion and rearrangement. Finally, the 4-chloro-3-trimethylsilyloxy-substituted heterocycle 21 was transformed at 170°C into 4H-1,2,4-diazaphosphole 23. The structures of 13c and 18a were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 89
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Boron ; Diazaboroles ; Carbenes ; Heterocycles ; Imidazoles ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Bromo-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaboroles (3a-c) were synthesized by cyclocondensation of dilithiated 1,4-diazabutadienes (5a-c) with boron tribromide in hexane. 3a was also obtained by sodium amalgam reduction was conducted in ether solvents, diboroxane (2) resulted as the main product. Compound 3a and 1,3-dialkyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol2-ylidenes (6a, b) underwent halide displacement to afford the borolylimidazolium salts 7a, b. Compounds 2, 3a-c, and 7a, b were characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic methods (1H, 11B, 13C NMR; Ir; MS). The molecular structures of 2 and 7a were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 725-728 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Dendrimers ; Metal complexes ; Nanostructures ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Strong multiple complexation of transition metal ions, Cu(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) with different generations of well-defined poly(propylene imine) dendrimers as multi(tridentate) ligands has been used to construct nanoscopic assemblies of defined structure and size incorporating a distinct number of metal ions from 2 up to 32.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 91
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Germanium ; Digermenes ; Tin ; Germylenes ; Stannylenes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Treatment of GeCl2 · dioxane with the Grignard reagent RMgBr (R=2-tBu-4,5,6-Me3C6H) furnishes the tetraaryldigermene R2Ge=GeR2 (8). X-ray structure-analysis of 8 reveals a short Ge=Ge double bond, a nearly planar environment of both germanium atoms and extremely widened C—Ge—C angles of 128°. In solution, 8 dissociates into two germylene molecules R2Ge, which can be trapped with oxygen or by [4+1] cycloaddition reactions with 1,4-dihetero-1,3-dienes. A similar cycloadduct of a stannylene wa obtained by thermolysis of (R′2Sn)3 (R′=2,4,6-iPr3C6H2), in the presence of a 1,4-diazabutadiene and characterized by an X-ray structure-analysis.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 92
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Silicenium ion ; Iminosilane ; Aluminate ; Silicon ; Aluminium ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Lithiated text-butylaminolfluorosilanes react with aluminum trichloride in ether, eliminating LiF to give AlCl3 adducts of iminosilanes  -  aminosiliceniotrichloroaluminates {R2Si-NCMe3·AlCl3}, which thermally form the dimethylazomethine- aluminium trichloride, Me2C=NH·AlCl3.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 93
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Titanocene complexes ; S ligands ; Organic polysulfanes ; Ligand transfer reactions ; Sulfur heterocycles ; Chalcogens ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Treatment of Cp2Ti(CO)2 (3) with the di- and polysulfanes 1,2,4-(CH2)2S3, C4S6 (9), C,7H10S3 (11), 1,2,4,6-(CH2)3S4 (16), C6H10S6(19), and S6 affords the titanocene chelate complexes Cp2TiS3(CH2)2 (8), (Cp2Ti)2C4S6 (10), Cp2TiS3C7H10 (13), Cp2TiS2C7H10 (14), Cp2TiS4(CH2)3 (17), Cp,2TiS6C6H6H10 (20), and Cp2TiS8 (23). 14 is also obtained from Cp2TiCl2 (1) and the geminal dithiol of norbornene. The analogous reaction with the dithiol of dicyclopentadiene yields Cp2TiS2C10H12 (15). In ligand transfer reactions, 8 reacts with SCl2 to give 1,2,3,5-tetrathiane (25), 10 provides 9 on reaction with Cl2, 13 when treated with S2Cl2 affords C7H10S5 (12), 15 reacts with S2Cl2Cl2 to give C10H12S4. 17 and SCl2 yield 1,2,3,5,7-pentathiepane (18), 20 is converted to C6H10S7 (22) on reaction with SCl2, and 23 yields S10 and 1,2,-C6H4(SCl)2, respectively. With phosgene, thiophosgene, and thionyl chloride, compound 15 yields the corresponding dithiocarbonate 26, the trithiocarbonate 27 and the trisulfane 2-oxide 28. The structure of 27 was determined by X-ray crystallography.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 801-806 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Unsymmetrical phthalocyanines ; Hemiporphyrazines ; Macrocyclic bisdienes and bisdienophiles ; Diels-Alder reactions ; Ladder polymers ; Cycloaddition ; Macrocycles ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The specific synthesis of a metal-free bisdienophilic phthalocyanine 193, suitable for repetitive Diels-Alder reactions, is reported. This was achieved by condensation of 191,3,3-trichloro-6/7-nitroioindolenine (191) and 4,9-dibutoxy-2,3,5,8-tetrahydro-1,3-diimino-1H-5,8-epoxybenz[f]isoindoline (2). The ability of 3 to undergo Diels-Alder reactions was tested by reaction with an excess of 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylcyclopentadienone (5). Experimental data of the hemiporphyrazines 9, 10, and 11, which can be used as precursors for the synthesis of ladder polymers, are also given in the Experimental Section.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 95
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Platinum ; Nitrocyanamide ; Nitrosodicyanomethanide ; 1,1,3, 3-Tetracyano-2-azapropenide ; 1,1,2,3,3-Pentacyanopropenide ; Hydrido complexes ; Coordination modes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The new coordination compounds trans-[Pt(H)X(PPh3)2] with NCN- and C(CN)2-functionalized anions (X- = [N(O)C(CN)2]-, [NO2NCN]-, [N{C(CN)2}2]-, [NCC{C-(CN)2}2]-, have been characterized by 1H-, 31P-, 13C-NMR, and IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses the crystal structures of trans-[Pt(H)N(O)C(CN)2(PPh3)2], trans- [Pt(H)N{C(CN)2}2(PPh3)2], and trans-[Pt(H)NCC{C(CN)2}2-(PPh3)2) have been determined by X-ray diffraction. Remarkably, [N(O)C(CN)2]- is coordinated through the central nitrogen atom, while [N{C(CN)2}2]- and [NCC(C(CN)2]2]- are bonded through terminal nitrogen atoms of a C(CN)2 unit.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 1021-1027 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Zinc ; Chirality ; Cross-coupling ; Phosphorylations ; Catalysis ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This Microreview on the chemistry of organozinc reagents starts by briefly showing the methods of preparation of organozinc compounds and then discusses the considerable synthetic utility of zinc organometallics for the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds in the presence of transition-metal catalysts. Finally, the use of organozinc chemistry for the preparation of polyfunctional and chiral phosphanes is described.
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  • 97
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Bis(tetramethylipiperidino)aluminum halides ; Alkoxy((tetramethylpiperidino)aluminum halides ; 27Al-NMR spectra ; Aluminum ; Amides ; Synthetic methods ; Bridging ligands ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-Lithio-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine [Li(tmp)] reacts with AlX3 (X = Cl, Br) in diethyl ether/ n-hexane solution to generate the products of substitution and ether cleavage, [tmpAl(X)(μ-OEt)], (la, X = Cl; 1b, X = Br). However, when the reaction is allowed to proceed in n-hexane alone, an almost quantitative yield of compounds tmp2AlX (2a, X = Cl; 2b, X = Br; 2c, X = I) is obtained. According to 27AI-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, cryoscopy, and X-ray crystal structure determinations, these compounds are monomeric in the solid state, in solution, and in the gas phase. 2b reacts with AgBF4 yielding the fluoride-bridged dimer (tmp2AlF), 2d, as shown by X-ray crystal structure determination.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 98
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Planar-tetracoordinate carbon ; Dynamic organometallic systems, μ-alkyne complexes ; π-Agostic systems ; Zirconium ; Metallocenes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The benzonitrile hydrozirconation product Cp2ZrCl(N—CHPh) 8 was treated with propynyl lithium to yield the (propynyl)(benzaldimido)ZrCp; complex 9. Subsequent treatment with trityl tetraphenylborate generated [Cp2Zr(C—C—CH3)-BPh-4] that instantaneously added to 9 to eventually form the (μ-aldimido)(μ-η1:η2-hexadiyne)ZrCp2 cation 11. The X-ray crystal structure analysis showed that 11 contains a planar-tetracoordinate carbon atom that is stabilized by forming a three-center-two-electron bond with the two adjacent metal atoms. Similarly, complex 9 reacted with [Cp2Zr(CH3)+CH3B(C6F5)3 1 to yield the planar-tetracoordinate carbon containing (μ-aldimido)(μ-η1:η2-2-butyne) Cp; cation 12. Both complexes 11 and 12 exhibit dynamic NMR spectra due to their rapid reorganization of the dimetallabicyclic frameworks (ΔG* = 10 kcal mol-1) in addition to an anchimerically assisted C—N bond rotation (ΔG* =15 kcal mol-1).
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  • 99
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Porphyrinatomanganese(IV) ; Monooxygenase model ; Dichloro monoxide ; Catalytic alkene epoxidation ; Catalytic alkane oxygenation ; Catalytic alkane chlorination ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The isolation at -78°C and characterization of the novel crystalline reactive porphinatomanganese(IV) complex Mn-(TDCPP)(OCl)2 (5) is described. 5 is compared with the porphinatomanganese(IV) complexes Mn(TDCPP)(C6H5IOCl)2 (2), Mn(TDCPP)(C6F510C1)CI (3) and Mn(TDCPP)(OCH3)2, (4). The stoichiometric reaction of 5 with triphenylphosphane yields 2.5 equivalents of triphenylphosphane oxide and 1.0 equivalent of Mn(TDCPP)Cl (1). Complex 5 epoxidizes stilbene, and oxygenates and chlorinates cyclohexane.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 1135-1139 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Arene complexes ; Chromium ; Allenes ; Rearrangements ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Cr(CO)3-complexed η6-phenylpropargylic alcohols 3 react in a displacement rearrangement with thionyl chloride or chlorodiphenylphosphane to give the chloro- or phosphoryl allenyl substituted η6-phenyl complexes 4 and 6, respectively. In the X-ray crystal structure of the novel organometallic allenic derivatives 4b and 6b the vicinal chloro or phosphoryl substituent and the benzene(tricarbonyl)chromium fragment are arranged coplanarily. Palladium/copper-catalyzed couplings of the chloroallene 4b with terminal alkynes disclose a facile access to ynallene derivatives 8, novel carbon-rich organometallic π-systems.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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