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  • 1995-1999  (2.999)
  • 1920-1924
  • Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry  (1.576)
  • Engineering General  (1.423)
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Jahr
  • 101
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): calixarene sulphonates ; amino acids ; proteins ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The interactions of calixarene sulphonates with the basic amino acids arginine and lysine were studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Strong electrostatic binding occurs for calix[4]arene sulphonate with both lysine and arginine at pH 1 and 5. For the higher calixarenes, only weak interactions at the faces of the flattened macrocycles occur. This binding is in contrast to the inhibition of protein-protein interactions by the calixarenes where the calix[6]arene and calix[8]arene sulphonates show much stronger effects. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 102
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 715-721 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): unsaturated nitriles ; homolytic reactions ; cyclization ; tert-butylmercury halides ; proton donors ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Cyclizations are observed in the homolytic reactions of t-BuHgI with CH2=CHCH2YCH2CN [Y = CH2, O, CMe2, C(CO2Et)2, NCH2CN] and CH2=CHCH2CH2YCH2CN [Y = CH2, O, C(CO2Et)2] in Me2SO in the presence of hydriodic acid. Only with Y = C(CO2Et)2 does the adduct radical, t-BuCH2ĊHCH2YCH2CN, undergo facile 5-exo cyclization in the absence of a proton donor. The other 5-exo and all 6-exo cyclizations require substrate protonation to yield t-BuCH2ĊH(CH2)nYCH2C≡NH+ (n = 1, 2), which cyclizes readily to the iminium radical cation followed by electron transfer with I- or t-BuHgI2- to form the imine as a precursor to the cyclopentanone or cyclohexanone upon hydrolysis. For CH2=CHCH2C(CO2Et)2CH2CN the formation of the cyclopentanone is dramatically promoted by NH4I in the dark in the absence of any other acid. In this case, where cyclization of the adduct radical occurs readily without substrate activation, protonation of the cyclized iminyl radical allows the electron transfer with I- or t-BuHgI2- to occur with regeneration of t-Buċ. A similar effect is observed with CH2=CHCH2C(CO2Et)2CH2N3 where only a slow reaction is observed upon photolysis with t-BuHgI in the absence of NH4I, although apparently cyclization of t-BuCH2ĊHCH2C(CO2Et)2CH2N3 (with loss of N2) occurs readily. In the presence of NH4I the cyclized aminyl radical can be protonated and the resulting amine radical cation readily reduced by I- or t-BuHgI2- to continue a chain process. With the thioesters CH2=CHCH2YCH2C(O)SPh [Y = O, CH2, CMe2, C(CO2Et)2], significant cyclization upon photolysis with t-BuHgX occurred only for Y = C(CO2Et)2. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 103
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 895-902 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): 1-amino-2,4-dinitrobenzenes ; structures ; single-crystal x-ray diffraction ; UV-visible spectrophotometry ; NMR spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The crystal structures of 1-pyrrolidino-2,4-dinitrobenzene (3) and 1-morpholino-2,4-dinitrobenzene (4) were determined by single-crystal x-ray diffraction and the structures in solution were investigated by UV-visible spectrophotometry and 13C and 1H NMR spectrosccopy. Compound 4 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with one independent molecule per asymmetric unit and 3 crystallizes in triclinic P-1 with three independent molecules per asymmetric unit. Rotation of the o-nitro group and of the amino group out of the aromatic plane was observed in both the solid state and in solution for both compounds. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 104
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): cryptand ; fluorescence titration ; lanthanide coordination ; proton transfer ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Lanthanide [lanthanum(III), 2; europium(III), 3; and gadolinium(III), 4] cryptates of a tris-phenylphenol N8O3 Schiff-base cryptand (H3L) were synthesized by transmetallation with [Na(H3L)]ClO4·3H2O (1) and characterized by spectroscopic and crystal structure analyses. Both 3 and 4 are isomophous and isostructural. The complexes crystallize in the triclinic space group P-1 with cell parameters for 3 of a = 14.9833(2), b = 15.42670(10), c = 16.3770(3) Å, α = 75.3760(10), β = 68.2640(10), γ = 77.0540(10)° and Z = 2 and for 4 of a = 14.9976(3), b = 15.4417(3), c = 16.35350(10) Å, α = 75.4980(10), β = 68.3180(10), γ = 76.8790(10)° and Z = 2. The structures reveal that one lanthanide ion is unsymmetrically encapsulated in the cryptand cavity with a second ligand (solvent DMF). Solution NMR and solid structural studies demonstrated that there are intracavity and intermolecular proton transfer processes during lanthanide complexation towards the cryptand. A fluorimetric titration in acetonitrile for Eu(III) ion to 1 afforded a novel fluorescence intensity (IF)-equivalents of Eu(III) ion (x) plot signaling a quenching (0 〈 x 〈 0.2)-enhancement (0.2 〈 x 〈 1) change with formation of the kinetically stable 1:1 cryptate. An energy-transfer mechanism is discussed. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 105
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 857-870 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): Yukawa-Tsuno equation ; substituent effect ; α-hydroxybenzylic cation ; benzoyl compound ; ab initio calculation ; basicity ; proton affinity ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Structures of α-hydroxybenzylic cations and their conjugate bases, which cover a wide variation of stability, were optimized by means of ab initio molecular orbital method at the RHF/6-31G* level. Total energies were calculated at the MP2/6-31G*//RHF/6-31G* + ZPE (scaled 0.9) level. Calculated relative proton affinities of the respective neutral molecules (benzoyl compounds; conjugate bases of α-hydroxybenzylic cations) agreed well with the corresponding basicities in the gas phase. The geometries of α-amino-α-hydroxybenzyl and α-hydroxy-α-dimethylaminobenzyl cations were also optimized at the fixed dihedral angles between the cationic 2pπ orbital and the benzene π orbital (φ), and between the cationic 2pπ orbital and lone pair electron orbital of the α-substituent (θ). The changes in Wiberg bond orders and the rotational potentials about φ and θ showed that the degree of resonance interaction between the cationic center and phenyl ring is balanced by the electronic effects of α-substituents in benzylic cations. The obtained theoretical indices of all parent cations such as Mulliken population, Wiberg bond order and bond lengths were correlated linearly with the resonance demand parameter (r value) which were given by the Yukawa-Tsuno substituent effect analysis in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. These relationships are consistent with those for other benzylic cations such as destabilized carbocations and sterically hindered cations studied previously. This confirms that the empirical r value has a definitive physical meaning, i.e. a measure of the resonance interaction between the cationic center and the aryl moiety. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 106
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 1-9 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): benzothiazole-2-thiol ; formation mechanism ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The formation of benzothiazole-2-thiol from aniline, carbon disulphide and sulphur at 230°C was shown to occur by a sequence of three principal steps. Labelling experiments confirmed that both sulphur atoms originate from carbon disulphide. An initial polar reaction to form thiocarbanilide via phenylcarbamic acid and a tetrahedral intermediate is followed by radical cyclization of these to benzothiazole-2-thiol and 2-phenylaminobenzothiazole; the latter is converted into the desired product by a polar displacement of aniline by H2S. Mechanisms for the formation of minor byproducts are also considered. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 107
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 223-229 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): Solvolysis ; Grunwald-Winstein-type analysis ; Hammett-type analysis ; YxBnCl scale ; 1-aryl-1-phenylmethyl cations ; Mulliken population analysis ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Rate constants of solvolysis of α-tert-butyl(2-naphthyl)methyl chloride (1), 9-fluorenyl chloride (2) and a series of monosubstituted benzhydryl chlorides (3) in a wide range of solvents were measured. Grunwald-Winstein-type correlation analysis of log k for 2 and 3 against YBnCl, with or without nucleophilicity N, yielded less satisfactory linear correlations than that against log k(1). A new scale of solvent ionizing power, YxBnCl, for the correlation of solvolytic reactivities of benzylic chlorides with extended charge delocalization based on log k(1) was developed. Application to the mechanistic study suggested the solvolysis of 2 and 4-nitrobenzhydryl chloride were non-limiting. Hammett plots against σ+ constants exhibited more negative ρ values in less nucleophilic solvents. In a benzhydryl chloride containing a strong deactivating substituent, such as 4-nitro, the positive charge delocalizes mainly over the unsubstituted ring in the cationic transition state. The uneven charge distribution was also confirmed by Mulliken population analysis at the level of the RHF/6-31G*//RHF/3-21G(*) basis set for cations. Comparison of the results of correlation analysis using the equation log(k/k0) = mY vs the equation log(k/k0) = mY+hI, and using the equation log(k/k0) = mY+lN vs the equation log(k/k0) = mY+lN+hI indicated the use of YBnCl or YxBnCl could give a better understanding of solvolytic mechanisms than the combinatorial use of YCl and I. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 108
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): Solvent-solute interactions ; β-carotene ; electronic absorption spectrum ; solvent effects ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Solvent effects on the wavenumber of the maximum of the longest wavelength electronic absorption band of all-trans-β-carotene were determined in 34 solvents. Together with results from previous studies, a data set for 51 solvents, mostly non-hydrogen bond donors, was constructed. This information was analyzed in terms of reaction field models and also showed its value for correlation purposes when used either alone or in combination with standard empirical solvent polarity-polarizability scales. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 177-184 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): nitro derivatives of phenols ; pyrolysis initiation reactions ; impact sensitivity ; UHF-SCF-AM1 MO method ; activation energy. ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The UHF-SCF-AM1 MO method was applied to the study of two kinds of pyrolysis reactions of six nitro derivatives of phenols (homolysis reaction by rupture of the C - NO2 bond into radicals and isomerization reaction involving phenolic hydrogen transferring to oxygen on the NO2 group). The molecular geometries of reactants, transition states and products were fully optimized. The potential energy curves and activation energies were first obtained. The results show that this category of compounds is more easily initiated via isomerization reactions than by homolysis reactions. The parallel relationship among the Wiberg bond order of the pyrolysis-initiation H - O bond in the molecule of a reactant, the activation energy of the isomerization reaction breaking the H - O bond and impact sensitivity of the reactant gives ‘the principle of the smallest bond order’ (PSBO) powerful support. The sensitizing effect of a phenol group was elucidated based on calculation results. The different influences of OH and NO2 groups on the heat of formation of a molecule are discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 110
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): 3-methyl-2, 4-diphenyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9α-ol esters ; analgesics ; synthesis ; structure ; conformation ; pharmacological assays ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A series of esters derived from 3-methyl-2,4-diphenyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9α-ol (1) was synthesized and studied by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the crystal structure of 3-methyl-2,4-diphenyl-9α-(3,5-dimethylbenzoyloxy)-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (2) was determined by x-ray diffraction. The compounds studied display in CDCl3 a preferred flattened chair-chair conformation. This bicycle conformation is similar to that found for 2 in the crystal state. Pharmacological assays on mice were performed to evaluate drug-induced behavioral alteration, peripheral or central acute toxicity and analgesic activity. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 101-108 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): encounter complexes ; 1-cyanonaphthalene ; norbornadiene ; stereospecific ; nucleophilic trapping ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Photo-induced electron donor-acceptor reactions between 1-cyanonaphthalene (CNN) and norbornadiene (N) generate products of several structure types. Methanol adducts (1-3) formed in polar solvents are rationalized via the radical cation, N+·, and stereospecific (exo-) nucleophilic attack by methanol. In less polar solvents, CNN and N form [2 + 2]-cycloadducts, exclusively on the exo-face of N. In non-polar solvents containing methanol, CNN, N and methanol combine to form 1:1:1 adducts, containing the sensitizer on the endo- and the methoxy groups on the exo-face. The formation of these products is rationalized via the trapping of encounter complexes of different geometries. Any rearrangement of the norbornenyl system can be eliminated, since neither tricyclyl nor 7-methoxynorbornenyl structures are formed. Apparently, the alcohol captures an endo-encounter complex of CNN and N by attack from the exo-face, similar to the attack of methanol on N+·. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 112
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): aromaticity ; Diels-Alder transition states ; Diels-Alder adducts ; reaction mechanism ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Semiempirical, ab initio and DFT investigations on the mechanism of the Diels-Alder reactions of a set of masked dienes (ring-fused dienes), viz. o-quinodimethane, anthracene and α-vinylnaphthalene, with ethylene, and reactions of α-vinylnaphthalene with maleic anhydride and p-benzoquinone were performed with a view to understanding the role of masking factors on the activation and reaction energies. The reactions were found to occur in a concerted fashion through synchronous transition states (TSs) in the first two reactions and through asynchronous TS in the other case. Of the compounds studied, o-quinodimethane is the most reactive diene both in a kinetic and a thermodynamic sense. α-Vinylnaphthalene reacts faster with maleic anhydride than p-benzoquinone, as expected, and two possible stereoselective TSs, one endo and the other exo, have been located for the reactions of α-vinylnaphthalene with the above dienophiles. Calculations show that the relative gain or loss of aromatic stabilization of the benzonoid ring in the transition state and in the product seems to play a major role in the kinetic and thermodynamic control of these reactions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 113
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): methylbenzoic acids ; infrared spectra ; conformation ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Infrared spectra of all isomers of polymethyl-substituted benzoic acids were recorded in the carbonyl and hydroxyl regions in tetrachloromethane at various concentrations and interpreted in terms of conformation. According to a plot of ν(C=O) of the monomeric form vs Hammett substituent constants σ, these compounds may be classified into two classes. Derivatives with none or only one methyl group in the ortho position are concluded to exist in an equilibrium of two planar conformations, unless the equilibrium is degenerate. Derivatives with two ortho-situated methyl groups are concluded to take up one non-planar conformation. These findings are supported by the shape of the hydroxyl and carbonyl bands, which are unsymmetrical in the former class, although they could not be reliably separated into bands pertinent to the individual conformers. This conclusion is at variance with the common interpretation which has invariably ascribed to these and similar ortho derivatives non-planar conformations with a variable torsional angle. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 15-24 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): electrophilic reactions ; electron transfer reactions ; electron-rich alkenes ; tetracyanoethylene ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Both experimental and theoretical studies confirm that the formation of aryl vinyl ether and aryl vinyl sulfide cation radicals from the corresponding neutral substrates correlates with the Brown σ+ parameters as opposed to Hammett σ values. Peak oxidation potentials for both classes of substrates correlate preferentially with σ+, as do gas-phase ionization energies calculated by both semi-empirical and ab initio methods. In contrast, the protonation energies of the same substrates, which relate to carbocation formation, correlate preferentially with σ values, as do rates of protonation and other electrophilic additions. These observations permit a sharp distinction between electrophilic and electron transfer reactions of these two common classes of electron-rich substrates. Using this criterion, the cycloadditions of tetracyanoethylene to these substrates are found to proceed via an electrophilic mechanism, rather than by a previously proposed electron transfer mechanism. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 18 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 115
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 25-30 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): 1,ω-bis(2-bromopyridinium)alkanes ; hydroxide ion ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The reaction of OH- ion with 1,ω-bis(2-bromopyridinium)alkanes, where the reaction centers are separated by a varying number of methylene groups, was investigated to model the increased velocity of OH- attack on premicellar aggregated N-alkylpyridinium compounds. 1,ω-Bis(2-bromopyridinium)alkanes (RPBr) [R  =  propane (I), butane (II), pentane (III), hexane (IV) and octane (V)] were synthesized and characterized by standard procedures. The kinetics of I-V with OH- ion fitted two consecutive first-order reactions. The intermediate products, 1-(2-pyridone)-ω-(2-bromopyridinium)alkane, and also the final products 1,ω-bis(2-pyridone)alkanes, were isolated. Deuterium isotope effects, activation parameters and salt effects on the reaction rates suggest that OH- attack is rate limiting and there is a through-space acceleration of the initial attack due to the proximity of the positive charges. These results place an upper limit of 20-fold for the electrostatic acceleration in OH- attack in premicellar aggregates. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 47-53 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): N,N′-dicyclohexyl-O-(1-methylheptyl)isourea ; OH-acidic compounds ; acetic acid ; kinetics ; mechanisms ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Kinetic investigations on the reaction of N,N′-dicyclohexyl-O-(1-methylheptyl)isourea with acetic acid are described. The conversion proceeds partly through the intermediacy of a methylheptylcarbenium ion. However, in dilute solution an SN2 mechanism prevails. The results are discussed in terms of the simultaneous existence of two discrete mechanisms. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 117
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): calixarenes ; complexes ; conformation ; crystal structure ; 1H NMR ; 13C NMR ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The crystal structure of 25,27-dihydroxy-26,28-bis(diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-tert-butylcalix[4]arene (1) (hexane solvate, 1:1) was determined by x-ray crystallography. The crystal data are P21/n, a  =  12.652(1) Å, b  =  12.564(2) Å, c  =  18.781(4) Å, β  =  105.56(1)°, V  =  2876.0(8) Å3, Z  =  2. In this complex the molecule adopts a 1,2-alternate conformation. Both the calixarene and hexane molecules are centrosymmetric. The phenol units in the asymmetric part of the calix are inclined with respect to the main macrocyclic plane by 115.46(6)° and 128.01(7)° for the phosphorylated and the non-phosphorylated ring, respectively. Self-inclusion of the ethyl chains in the half-cavities is observed. One intramolecular O - H…O and several intermolecular C - H…O hydrogen bonds are present. In the 1H NMR spectrum one average AX spin system for methylene bridge protons can be interpreted as fast (on the NMR time-scale) interconversion of non-phosphorylated phenol fragments. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 31-35 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): allyl alcohol ; oxidation ; alkaline periodate ; palladium(II) catalyst ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The oxidation of allyl alcohol by alkaline species of periodate, H2IO63-, was found to be catalysed by micro amounts of Pd(II) in 0.2 mol dm-3 alkali solution. The active species of the catalyst was found to be PdCl+. A mechanism involving the interaction of the catalyst and substrate in prior equilibria leading to the formation of a π-complex is proposed and the rate is derived. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 10-14 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): equilibrium acidities ; homolytic bond dissociation enthalpies ; benzaldoximes ; phenyl methyl ketoximes ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The equilibrium acidities in DMSO of nine p- and m-substituted benzaldoximes and eight p-substituted phenyl methyl ketoximes were measured. Estimates of the homolytic bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of the acidic O - H bonds in these compounds were made by combination of their pKHA values with the oxidation potentials of their conjugate bases, Eox(A-), using the equation BDE  =  1.37pKHA + 23.06Eox(A-) + 73.3 kcal (1 kcal  =  4.184 KJ). Plots of Eox(A-) vs pKHA for p-substituted benzaldoximes and p-substituted phenyl methyl ketoximes were linear with slopes near unity. Consequently, as required by the above equation, the BDEs estimated for the O - H bonds in these oximes were constant, being 88.3 ± 0.3 and 89.2 ± 0.4 kcal, respectively. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 120
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    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 201-208 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): indolizines ; cycloaddition ; reaction mechanism ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The peculiarities of [8+2] cycloaddition reactions of indolizines with dienophiles are reviewed. Quantum chemical SINDO1, AM1 and ab initio calculations of transition states were performed for [8+2] cycloaddition reactions of indolizine and 6-nitroindolizine with a series of alkenes with donor and acceptor groups. The calculations predict a dipolar cycloaddition mechanism (electrophilic addition and ring closure) for reactions of indolizine and 6-nitroindolizine with nitroethylene. For the reaction of 6-nitroindolizine with N,N-dimethylaminoethylene, the predicted mechanism corresponds to a previously unknown ‘inverse’ dipolar cycloaddition (nucleophilic addition and ring closure). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 121
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    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 115-124 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): cross-interaction constants ; gas-phase nucleophilic substitution reactions ; PM3 MO ; benzyl chlorides ; phenoxides ; thiophenoxides ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Gas-phase nucleophilic substitution reactions of Y-benzyl chlorides with X-phenoxide and X-thiophenoxide nucleophiles were investigated theoretically using the PM3 semi-empirical MO method. The Leffler-Grunwald rate-equilibrium and Brønsted correlations predict that the degree of bond formation in the transition state (TS) is approximately 45 and 40% on the reaction coordinate for the phenoxides and thiophenoxides, respectively. For a weaker nucleophile, a later TS is obtained with an increased bond making and breaking. The variation of the TS structure with substituents in the nucleophile is thermodynamically controlled and is well correlated by rate-equilibrium relationships. In contrast, the TS variation (a tighter TS) with substituent (for a stronger acceptor Y) in the substrate is dependent only on variations of the intrinsic barrier and so cannot be correlated by such thermodynamically based rate-equilibrium relationships. The gas phase ρX and ρY values are much greater in magnitude than those in solution. A similar gas-phase theoretical cross-interaction constant, ρXY (ca -0.60), is obtained for both phenoxides and thiophenoxides, which is in good agreement with the experimental value (-0.62) for the thiophenoxide reactions in MeOH at 20.0 °C. The oxy and sulfur anion bases lead to a similar TS structure, but a lower reactivity for the former is due to a greater endothermicity of the reaction. A relatively wide range variation of the reaction energies, ΔG°, can be ascribed to the loss of resonance stabilization of anion nucleophiles upon product formation. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 171-176 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): acetaldehyde ; oxidation ; periodate ; osmium (VIII) catalysis ; ruthenium (III) catalysis ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Os(VIII) and Ru(III) catalysis of the periodate oxidation of acetaldehyde in aqueous alkaline medium was investigated. The catalytic efficiency is Ru(III)〈Os(VIII). The product of oxidation in both cases is acetate and IO3-. The stoichiometry is the same in both catalyzed reactions, i.e. [IO4-]:[CH3CHO] = 1:1. Probable mechanisms are proposed and discussed. The reaction constants involved in the mechanisms are derived. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 123
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 11 (1998), S. 149-154 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): P - C bond cleavage ; phosphoranyl radicals ; organophosphonate biodegradation ; ab initio calculations ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Barrier heights for P - C bond homolysis in P-hydroxy-P-methyl-P,P-dioxophosphoranyl and P,P,P-trihydroxy-P-methylphosphoranyl were calculated using well correlated levels of electronic structure theory. The best estimate for the difference in barriers between the two indicates that homolysis is more facile for P,P,P-trihydroxy-P-methylphosphoranyl by roughly 9 kcal mol-1. This result suggests that bacterial pathways leading to P - C bond cleavage in organophosphonate derivatives will preferentially proceed via initial one-electron reduction of substrates rather than oxidation. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 25-30 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Hylleraas-CI ; P states of 4He ; variance minimization ; upper and lower bounds ; perturbation theory ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Extensive Hylleraas-CI calculations for the lowest Po states of 4He were performed. The dependence of the variational energy values Eκ on the mass parameter κ given by κ=mHe2+/me- is discussed. Furthermore, lower bounds to Eκ were calculated using variance minimization.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 25-30, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 69-89 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): ab initio ; Hartree-Fock ; crystal orbital ; charge-transfer complexes ; CRYSTAL 92 Routine Package ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Ab initio Hartree-Fock crystal-orbital calculations of dimorph tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TMTSF-TCNQ) and dibenzotetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (DBTTF-TCNQ), both as red and black crystals, were carried out. The crystal structures of the red and black TMTSF-TCNQ are essentially different from each other, whereas the red and black DBTTF-TCNQ are qualitatively very similar (although not completely isomorphous). The results of the present calculations definitely show that even subtle differences in the crystal structures are crucial for the electronic properties of the systems under study.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 69-89, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
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  • 126
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 241-247 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Hylleraas-CI ; Be atom ; explicitly correlated wave function ; ground-state energy ; double-linked basis set ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Hylleraas-configuration interaction (CI) calculations have been carried out with double-linked basis sets for the Be atom. Our best upper bound for the 1S ground state is E0 = -14.6673547Eh. Furthermore, upper bounds for the two lowest excited 1S states have been calculated.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 241-247, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 127
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 249-253 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Discrete models obtained from computer simulation are in increase use to study solvent effects. The approach consists of generating supermolecular structures for quantum mechanical calculations. The properties of the solute are calculated as an ensemble average over configurations generated by the simulation. An analysis of the efficiency of the simulation shows that the number of configurations necessary for the ensemble average can be reduced drastically. As an application to solvatochromism, the calculated spectral shift of the 1B2u(π - π*) transition of benzene in water is shown to be the same whether it is calculated with many but correlated configurations or with just a few uncorrelated configurations.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 249-253, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 128
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 273-279 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Molecular integral ; recurrence formula ; Gaussian-type function ; Laguerre-Sonine polynomial ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Recurrence formulas for overlap, nuclear attraction, and electron-repulsion integrals over Laguerre Gaussian-type functions are presented. They have been derived using compact recurrence relations for homogeneous solid spherical harmonic operators but are rather lengthy as compared to those over Cartesian Gaussian-type functions.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 273-279, 1998
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  • 129
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 189-202 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): diacetylene ; dimer ; C8H4 ; ab initio ; DFT ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Geometry optimizations were performed for singlet, triplet, and quintet states on the planar structures (in C2h and C2v symmetries) of the diacetylene dimer, using restricted open-shell Hartree-Fock (ROHF), unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF), and unrestricted hybrid density functional theory (UB3LYP) methods, with 6-31G(d) and 6-311G(d, p) basis sets. The 1Ag state of the planar van der Waals dimer is lower in energy than are any covalently bonded dimers. At our best B3LYP/6-311G(d, p) level, the most stable covalently bonded diacetylene dimer is the 3Bu state in C2h symmetry, 11 kcal mol-1 above the van der Waals dimer, followed by the 3B2 state in C2v symmetry with 13 kcal mol-1 above the van der Waals dimer. Both structures were confirmed to be local minima. The two diacetylene monomers of these structures are bridged through a single bond and they exhibit a small bend at the neighboring carbons to the bridge, trans to the hydrogens. The 1Bu and 5Ag states in C2h and the 1B2 and 5A1 states in C2v are between 39 and 43 kcal mol-1 above the van der Waals dimer.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 189-202, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 130
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 345-363 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: This is the second in a series of articles whose ultimate goal is the evaluation of the matrix elements (MEs) of the U(2n) generators in a multishell spin-orbit basis. This extends the existing unitary group approach to spin-dependent configuration interaction (CI) and many-body perturbation theory calculations on molecules to systems where there is a natural partitioning of the electronic orbital space. As a necessary preliminary to obtaining the U(2n) generator MEs in a multishell spin-orbit basis, we must obtain a complete set of adjoint coupling coefficients for the two-shell composite Gelfand-Paldus basis. The zero-shift coefficients were obtained in the first article of the series. In this article, we evaluate the nonzero shift adjoint coupling coefficients for the two-shell composite Gelfand-Paldus basis. We then demonstrate that the one-shell versions of these coefficients may be obtained by taking the Gelfand-Tsetlin limit of the two-shell formulas. These coefficients, together with the zero-shift types, then enable us to write down formulas for the U(2n) generator matrix elements in a two-shell spin-orbit basis. Ultimately, the results of the series may be used to determine the many-electron density matrices for a partitioned system.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 345-363, 1998
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  • 131
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 255-260 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A physical model of an oxidation-reduction reaction for immobilized enzyme is considered. The influence of the electric-field intensity of a biological membrane on the enzyme reaction rate is analyzed. It is shown that the low-frequency dipole-active vibration of the oppostite charge groups of the substrate and enzyme relative to each other leads to multiquantum excitation of the system over the conformational degree of freedom. This excitation provides an abrupt increasing of the tunnel decay rate of the substrate-enzyme complex on a free product and a free enzyme. This way of the reaction is more probable in comparison with the usual overbarrier process. Some consequences for the immobilized cytochrome P-450 are discussed.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 255-260, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 132
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 285-286 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The electron affinities (EA) of B, Al, and Ga are determined accurately at the CCSD(T), QCISD(T), and B3LYP levels of theory. The failure of the QCISD(T) and B3LYP methods reported by Jursic is attributed to his treating the wrong state of the ion.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 285-286, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 133
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 301-307 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): LaC3n+ ; structure ; vibrational frequency ; density functional theory ; Gaussian 92/DFT ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: LaC3n+ (n=0, 1, 2) clusters have been studied using B3LYP (Becke 3-parameter-Lee-Yang-Parr) density functional method. The basis set is Dunning/Huzinaga valence double zeta for carbon and [2s2p2d] for lanthanum, denoted LANL1DZ. Four isomers are presented for each cluster; two of them are edge binding isomers with C2v symmetry, the other two are linear chains with C∞v symmetry. Meanwhile, two spin states for each isomer, that is, singlet and triplet for LaC3+, doublet and quartet for LaC3 and LaC32+, respectively, are also considered. Geometries, vibrational frequencies, infrared intensities, and other quantities are reported and discussed. The results indicate that at some spin states; the C2v symmetry isomers are the dominant structures, while for the other spin states, linear isomers are energetically favored.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 301-307, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 134
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 435-456 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): semiconductor-insulator interface ; shallow donor ; extended electronic states ; scattering ; photoionization cross section ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Scattering of a conduction electron by a charged shallow donor located near a semiconductor-insulator interface in the semiconductor or by a charged center embedded in the insulator is considered within the model of a hydrogenlike atom in a semi-infinite space. The interface influence is allowed for by spatial confinement of the electron envelope wave function. The impurity electrostatic image at the interface is taken into account. The problem is separable in prolate spheroidal coordinates and thus is solvable exactly. A rapidly convergent expansion is proposed for the angular eigenfunctions. The radial eigenfunctions are calculated directly by numerical integration of the radial boundary value problem. Expansions of the scattering wave function and the scattering amplitude in terms of the eigenfunctions of the problem are obtained. Using the extended and localized state wave functions, the photoionization cross section of a shallow donor near a semiconductor-insulator interface is calculated. It is presented as a superposition of the oscillator strengths of transitions to the partial extended eigenstates that constitute the scattering wave function. Near the interface, the cross section is enhanced significantly and redistributed over the direction of photoionized electron escape. The photoionization threshold follows the localized state energy varying with the donor-interface distance.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 435-456, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 17 Ill.
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  • 135
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): linear operator ; *-algebra ; general topology ; asymptotic analysis ; chemical network systems ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Part IV of this series consists of two complementary subparts devoted to attain the following two goals: (i) By shifting from the previous setting of the Banach algebra B(B)=B(B, B) to a broader setting of the space B(X, B) of all bounded linear operators from a normed space X to a Banach space B, we extend our previous theoretical framework to incorporate part of the theory of additive correlation involving the Asymptotic Linearity Theorems, which have been developed for a study of correlation between structure and properties in molecules having many identical moieties, especially in macromolecules having repeating units. (ii) By reverting our focus to the special algebra B(H) with H being a Hilbert space, we develop a theorem which is useful for a structural analysis of spectral symmetry of linear operators representing physico-chemical network systems.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 67: 57-69, 1998
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  • 136
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 41-55 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The CNM (characterization of normal modes) method for extracting chemical information out of vibrational spectra is tested for vibrational spectra of molecules with relatively strong or relatively weak coupling between internal vibrational modes. Symmetry, parameter set stability, and frequency uncertainty tests are applied to check whether internal vibrational modes, internal mode frequencies, and amplitudes Anμ comply with symmetry, are independent of the set of internal parameters ζn used to describe molecular geometry or fulfill a Lorentzian correlation between amplitudes Anμ and frequency differences Δωnμ=ωn-ωμ. In all cases considered, amplitudes Anμ based on adiabatic internal modes and mass or force constant matrices as metric O are superior to any other definition of amplitude. They represent the basic elements of the new CNM method that leads to chemically reasonable results and presents a new way of extracting chemical information out of vibrational spectra. A number of deficiencies of the potential energy distribution (PED) analysis is discussed.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 67: 41-55, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 137
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 85-100 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The separation of radial electronic and nuclear motions is discussed with special reference to high Rydberg states of molecules. An inverse separation is obtained when the rapid nuclear motion instantaneously adjusts itself to the position of the Rydberg electron. The electron moves in the potential averaged over the position of the nuclei (and their valence electrons). This inverse separation is useful when ωn3 〉 1, where ω is the spacing of nuclear energy states (in au) and n is the principal quantum number of the Rydberg electron whose orbital period increases as n3. The inverse Born-Oppenheimer separation can break down owing to the finite kinetic energy of the Rydberg electron. Like the Born-Oppenheimer separation, its inverse can also be formulated in an adiabatic or a diabatic basis. The diabatic inverse Born-Oppenheimer is practical both for interpretation of zero electron kinetic energy (ZEKE) spectra and for computations. Explicit results are given for a model system of an electron orbiting a vibrating dipole, identifying the relevant coupling constants. The discussion emphasizes the radial motion and the limits discussed here are not quite equivalent to the four (or, actually, five) Hund's coupling cases relevant to angular momentum coupling schemes.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 67: 85-100, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 138
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 109-109 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: No abstract.
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  • 139
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 113-117 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): infrared spectra ; Raman spectra ; icosahedral fullerenes ; icosahedral group ; group character ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: On the bases of the topological structures of the three big classes of icosahedral fullerenes: (1) Cn(Ih, n=60h2; h=1, 2,…), (2) Cn(Ih, n=20h2; h=1, 2,…), and (3) Cn(I, n=20(h2+hk+k2), h〉k; h, k=1, 2,…), we derived formulas for the decomposition of their nuclear motions into irreducible representations. Hence, we obtained the infrared and Raman active modes for all of the icosahedral (Ih and I) fullerenes theoretically.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 113-117, 1998
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  • 140
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 123-130 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Model of atoms trapped inside solids ; electronic structure ; helium atom ; pressure ; quadrupole moment ; polarizability of trapped atoms ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The ground-state energy of the helium atom inside boxes with paraboloidal walls, with the nucleus at the common focus, is calculated variationally. The variational functions are products of geometry-adapted hydrogenic functions, and the interelectronic Coulomb repulsion is represented through its harmonic expansion in parabolic coordinates. The energy, pressure, quadrupole moment, and polarizability of the atom are determined as functions of the positions of the walls for symmetrical boxes.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 123-130, 1998
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  • 141
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 177-187 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We present a mechanostatistical study of the so-called Fröhlich effect, namely nonthermal amplification of polar vibrations leading to complex behavior in biosystems, like biopolymers and large aggregates of macromolecules. Fröhlich condensation is considered to be of relevance for a certain class of biological processes, in particular in connection with the problem of long-range propagation of signals at physiological temperature. Resorting to a thermomechanical theory appropriate to deal with irreversible processes in systems far from equilibrium, earlier results are extended. We perform an analysis of the case when production of a double excitation of polar vibrations, generated by the action of an external pumping source of metabolic energy, is possible. It is shown that, when this is the case, the process involves a positive feedback mechanism that greatly facilitates and enhances the phenomenon of Fröhlich's condensation, and consequently the possible accompanying biological processes. The results are discussed and eventual connection with experimental observations pointed out.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 177-187, 1998
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 203-217 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Geometrical parameters, vibrational frequencies, relative stabilities, and dissociation energies of the three stable Cl2O2 isomers and the OClO and ClOO radicals were investigated by density functional theory (DFT). The present analysis shows that DFT using hybrid functionals is capable of describing these systems to at least the same degree of accuracy as ab initio methods. The average absolute bond-length deviation of ClClO2, ClOOCl, and ClO2 from experimental results is 0.024/0.027 Å, with a maximum deviation for the dichlorine peroxide O(SINGLE BOND)O bond equal to 0.072/0.063 Å, for the B3PW91 and B3LYP functionals, respectively. The average absolute bond-angle deviation for the hybrid functionals is 0.8°. Harmonic vibrational frequencies calculated with DFT give for all Cl(SINGLE BOND)O compounds good agreement with experiments. The dissociation energies of ClOOCl, OClO, and ClOO were found to be in good agreement with experiments, the average error being less than 1.2 kcal/mol. The two isomers chloryl chloride (ClClO2) and dichlorine peroxide (ClOOCl) were found to be approximately 9 kcal/mol more stable than the chlorine chlorite (ClOClO) isomer. The ClOO isomer is predicted to be 3.0 kcal/mol more stable than OClO, in accordance with the experimental value of 4 kcal/mol.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 203-217, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 143
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 233-252 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): water trimer ; torsional eigenvalues ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Eigenvalues corresponding to the three torsional degrees of freedom were calculated for the water trimer and its deuterated isotopomer in four sets of calculations involving different potential energy surfaces. The four potential surfaces were developed in this work by reparametrization of the CKL function against four sets of ab initio energies calculated with and without counterpoise correction. Transition frequencies corresponding to the low-frequency torsional motions of the trimer were calculated and then compared with those found from experiment to assess the accuracy of each potential energy surface. Although reparametrization of the CKL function to a set of counterpoise-corrected energies yielded transition energies that are in qualitative agreement with those from experiment, reparametrization to another set of counterpoise-corrected energies resulted in highly inaccurate values of the transition energy. As a consequence, our results demonstrate that caution must be exercised in the implementation of the counterpoise method as it does not always lead to more accurate ab initio calculations.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 233-252, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 144
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 75-75 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: No abstract.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 79-90 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): ladder operators ; superoperators ; Van Vleck-Primas perturbation method ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The present work is a version of Van Vleck-Primas perturbation method in terms of generalized ladder operators. Using the superoperator approach, a fully general, self-consistent and a totally free scheme from representation is developed.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 79-90, 1998
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  • 146
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 285-291 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): tight-binding ; band spectrum ; orbital nonorthogonality ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A one-dimensional one-band model is presented which enables a tight-binding calculation to be performed with full rigor. All the multicenter integrals involved in the calculation of the Hamiltonian matrix elements can be analytically computed in terms of a single parameter: the ratio between the lattice spacing and the extension of the “atomic” wave function. Moreover, the exact expression for the spectrum shows how the usual approximations of limiting the range of interactions and neglecting the nonorthogonality of the basis set degrade the results of the calculations.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 285-291, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 147
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 273-284 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): C40 cluster molecule ; C40H4 cluster molecule ; C40X4 cluster molecule ; PM3 semiempirical molecular orbital method ; structures of geometrical optimization ; ionization potential ; energy gap ; heat of formation ; atomization energy ; vibration frequency ; 1,3,5,7-tetrahaloadamantane molecules ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Herein we demonstrate that the C40 cluster molecule is easily formed to Td symmetry structure and its ground state is 5A2 open shell with four unpaired electrons. These four unpaired electrons are located at the tip points of the Td symmetry structure. This work also indicates that these four unpaired electrons can easily react with a single valence atom, such as hydrogen or halogen atoms, to form a stable carbon hydrogen cluster molecule, C40H4, and carbon halogen cluster molecules, C40X4 (X=F, Cl, Br, I), respectively. The PM3 semiempirical molecular orbital method from Gaussian 94W computer program package was applied very well to these cluster molecules. According to the results in this study, the structures of geometrical optimization, ionization potential, energy gap, heat of formation, atomization energy, vibration frequency, and the remaining data of C40H4 and C40X4 cluster molecules. The above-calculated data prove that these unknown cluster molecules are stable and have a stable capacity similar to 1,3,5,7-tetrahaloadamantane molecules. They can be possibly synthesized experimentally in the near future.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 273-284, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 148
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 211-217 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): dihedral fullerenes ; infrared and Raman spectra ; NMR spectra ; irreducible representations ; representative patch ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: With the help of the topological structures of the dihedral (Dp, Dph, Dpd; p=5, 6) fullerenes, we have derived the formulas for the decomposition of their nuclear motions into irreducible representations. So their infrared and Raman active modes have been obtained. Furthermore, by use of the concept of the representative patch we have also derived their nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 211-217, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 149
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 351-355 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): hydrogen bonding ; DNA ; base analogs ; stacking interaction ; reaction field ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In a recent experimental study, it was reported that replacement of thymine in the adenine-thymine base pair of DNA by its molecular analogs which cannot form proper hydrogen bonds with adenine (A) does not cause disruption of DNA structure and synthesis. AM1 and ab initio molecular orbital calculations and electric field mapping were carried out in order to examine the possibility of pairing of A with each one of two analogs of thymine in the gas phase. Self-consistent reaction field calculations were also carried out on the individual molecules and their pairs using the polarized continuum model in order to examine their stability in aqueous media. Our results are broadly in agreement with the conclusions drawn in the above-mentioned experimental work.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 351-355, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 150
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 49-56 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The unitary molecular structure indices, viz., the integrated molecular transform (FTm), the integrated electronic transform (FTe), the integrated charge transform (FTc), the normalized molecular moment (Mn), and the normalized electronic moment (Me) were used in separate trials to model the reported apparent distribution coefficients (log P′) of 25 dipeptides and 34 tripeptides. Linear regressions indicated that the two series should be considered separately as shown by the correlation coefficients and F statistics. In these cases, the former exceeded 0.75 generally and reached 0.795 for the FTe. The correlation coefficients for the FTc index were 0.692 and 0.380, respectively, for the two series and thus indicative of its inadequacy as a descriptor for this model. A bivariant regression of log P′ against Mn and Me did not improve on the monovariant models. The molecular weight as a structure surrogate gave adequate correlation coefficients but is not recommended as structure parameters are implicit rather than explicit. The Mn or Me correlations may be used to estimate log P′ for compounds similar to those in the dipeptide series, and FTe, likewise in the tripeptide series. The possible requirement for an amide group descriptor is discussed.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 49-56, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 151
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 65-75 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We describe a new computational approach, called Focus-2D, to the rational design of targeted combinatorial chemical libraries. This approach is based on the hypothesis that structurally similar compounds display similar biological activity profiles. Building blocks that are used in a combinatorial chemical synthesis are randomly assembled to produce virtual library compounds. Individual library compounds are represented by Kier-Hall topological descriptors. Molecular similarities between compounds are evaluated quantitatively by modified pairwise Euclidean distances in multidimensional descriptor space. Simulated Annealing is used to search the potentially large structural space of virtual chemical libraries in order to identify compounds similar to lead molecules. Frequency analysis of building block composition of selected virtual compounds identifies the building blocks that can be used in combinatorial synthesis of chemical libraries with a high similarity to the lead molecules. We show that this method correctly identifies the building blocks found in active peptoids with opioid activities.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 65-75, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 152
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 209-217 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Crystal-orbital calculations on the three-dimensional sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of different mononucleotides were carried out in the Hartree-Fock all-electron approximation with valence-split basis sets using the CRYSTAL 92 routine package. All the compounds under study were found to be insulators. The effect of counterion identity and hydration on the electron distribution in mononucleotides is discussed with special reference to solid-state samples of polymeric nucleic acids.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 209-217, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 153
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 317-325 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): density functional ; molecular dynamics ; variational fitting ; analytic Xα ; analytic derivatives ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Approximations can be consistent with the very high accuracy associated with traditional quantum chemistry provided that the approximations are variational. Variational approximations include the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) approximation of Hartree-Fock-Roothaan theory. In density functional theory, variationality usually requires that approximations be made in the expression for the energy which variationally yields the Kohn-Sham-Roothaan equations. These ideas are illustrated in a derivation of accurate forces for quantum chemical molecular dynamics using the very efficient analytic Xα method. This method is used to follow directly the time evolution of collisions in a collinear (NO)12 system and the excited-state dynamics of ICN and ICH3 photodissociation.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 317-325, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 154
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Time-dependent density functional theory ; optimized effective potential ; multiphoton processes ; high-order harmonic generation ; self-interaction correction ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We present a time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) with optimized effective potential (OEP) and self-interaction correction (SIC) for nonperturbative treatment of multiphoton and nonlinear optical processes of many-electron systems in intense laser fields. The resulting TDOEP/KLI-SIC equations are structurally similar to the time-dependent Hartree-Fock equations but include the many-body effects through an orbital-independent single-particle local time-dependent exchange-correlation (xc) potential. The method is applied to the all-electron study of the coherent control of multiple high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of He atoms in two-color mixed laser fields. A generalized pseudospectral time propagation method is introduced for efficient and accurate solution of the TDOEP/KLI-SIC equations in three spatial dimensions. It is found that the mixing of a strong second-harmonic (527 nm) field with a weak fundamental (1053 nm) field can lead to the production of both odd and even harmonics simultaneously with relatively high yield. Further, the relative efficiency of the HHG production can be controlled by varying the relative polarization of the two laser beams. The theoretical predictions are in accord with recent experimental observations.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 293-303, 1997
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 451-460 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): broken symmetry ; general spin orbitals ; symmetry dilemma ; spin symmetry ; symmetry in density functional theory ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The Kohn-Sham (KS) procedure for variational minimization of the Hohenberg-Kohn density functional utilizes a one-particle reduced density matrix of assumed diagonal form, hence depends implicitly on a set of auxiliary states. Originally, the auxiliary state was assumed to be a single determinant with doubly occupied spin orbitals, i.e., of the same form as in “restricted” Hartree-Fock theory. The pragmatic and formal extension of the KS procedure to noninteger occupation numbers requires extension to more general forms of the auxiliary state or even its replacement by an auxiliary ensemble. Though attention has been given to the symmetry properties of the KS one-matrix, its spin and time-reversal symmetries have not been classified along the lines of Fukutome's treatment of the generalized Hartree-Fock problem. Here we show that, in the context of constrained search density functional theory (DFT), Fukutome's analysis goes through essentially unaltered. We then consider the broken symmetry consequences for the case that the KS one-matrix is restricted to a single-determinantal KS auxiliary state.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 451-460, 1998
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  • 156
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 469-483 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Correlations ; Hartree-Fock method ; density functionals ; density matrices ; perturbation theory ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In the modified-Hartree-Fock (MHF) approach, as defined by Baroni and Tuncel (1983) (BT), the external potential is supplemented by a specific correlation potential, such that the density (determined with the HF method) of an N-electron system in this modified potential is the same as the ground-state density of the exact many-body solution for this system in the original potential. The MHF equations may be viewed as describing a model noninteracting N-electron system [analog of the Kohn-Sham (KS) system], moving in a one-body effective potential - the sum of three local terms: external, electrostatic, and BT correlation, and of the nonlocal HF exchange. The present study introduces an adiabatic link between the fully interacting system and this MHF noninteracting system by scaling the two-body electron-electron interaction with a factor α in the range [0, 1], similarly as it was done by Levy and Perdew (1985) to link with the KS noninteracting system. An appropriate α-dependent functional F of the density n is defined using Levy constrained-search formulation of the density-functional theory. Density matrices serve as an indispensable tool. A term in F, representing the (1-α) fraction of the electron repulsion energy, leads to an effective one-body nonlocal potential in an α-dependent Hamiltonian, the construction of which guarantees the density to be independent of α. Its ground-state solution serves for calculating F. This solution can be determined by means of the perturbation theory, with the unperturbed (α=0) Hamiltonian generating the MHF determinantal wave function, in analogy to the Görling and Levy (1993) approach with the KS function as the unperturbed one. Terms of the perturbation expansion for the BT correlation energy and potential can be calculated self-consistently in this way. Expressions for the BT correlation energy are obtained also in a form of integrals over the coupling parameter, involving α-dependent density matrices.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 469-483, 1998
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  • 157
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 73-73 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: No abstract.
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  • 158
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: No abstract.
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 1-52 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: It is demonstrated that frequency-dependent response functions can conveniently be derived from the time-averaged quasienergy. The variational criteria for the quasienergy determines the time-evolution of the wave-function parameters and the time-averaged time-dependent Hellmann-Feynman theorem allows an identification of response functions as derivatives of the quasienergy. The quasienergy therefore plays the same role as the usual energy in time-independent theory, and the same techniques can be used to obtain computationally tractable expressions for response properties, as for energy derivatives in time-independent theory. This includes the use of the variational Lagrangian technique for obtaining expressions for molecular properties in accord with the 2n+1 and 2n+2 rules. The derivation of frequency-dependent response properties becomes a simple extension of variational perturbation theory to a Fourier component variational perturbation theory. The generality and simplicity of this approach are illustrated by derivation of linear and higher-order response functions for both exact and approximate wave functions and for both variational and nonvariational wave functions. Examples of approximate models discussed in this article are coupled-cluster, self-consistent field, and second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory. A discussion of symmetry properties of the response functions and their relation to molecular properties is also given, with special attention to the calculation of transition- and excited-state properties.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 1-52, 1998
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  • 160
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 129-134 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): valence bond ; O4 ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The results of some minimal basis set valence bond calculations, with an antibonding midbond molecular orbital (πm*) included, are reported for the D2h isomer of O4. The in-plane πm*←π* excitations describe the charge transfer from each monomer, while the π*←π excitations on each monomer partially describe the intermolecular dispersive attractions. It is found that the charge-transfer interactions by themselves are insufficient to stabilize the S=0 spin D2h dimer of O4 relative to two O2 monomers when a correction is included for basis set superposition error. The inclusion of both the charge transfer and dispersion terms yields an estimate of 14 cm-1 for the binding energy (De) at an equilibrium separation (Re) of 3.29 Å.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 129-134, 1998
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  • 161
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 317-328 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): autocorrelation function ; optical potential ; Lanczos algorithm ; ozone photodissociation ; hyperspherical coordinates ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We present an L2 method aimed at directly computing autocorrelation functions 〈Φ0|Φt〉 for systems displaying long time recurrences. By making use of a Lanczos scheme, as previously proposed by Wyatt [Chem. Phys. Lett. 121, 301 (1985)], the method avoids explicit time propagation of the wavefunction. The problem associated with spurious recurrences, due to the finite size of the L2-box, is solved in terms of an optical potential located in the asymptotic region. The resulting complex representation of the Hamiltonian operator is handled by a complex symmetric Lanczos scheme, which retains the same basic advantages as its real version. The method is illustrated on the ozone photodissociation process which displays a very detailed recurrence structure over a long time period. It is shown that such a direct calculation of the correlation function is about one order of magnitude faster than an actual wavepacket propagation. The accuracy of the method is assessed by comparison to calculations performed without any optical potential but using a very large box size along the dissociation coordinate.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 317-328, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 162
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 385-404 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): lattice sums ; Ewald method ; electrostatic energy ; two-dimensional ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: This study presents formulas for the electrostatic energy of lattices with two-dimensional periodicity, based on Fourier representations and alternatively on the Ewald procedure for convergence acceleration. The work extends the contributions of previous investigators by taking full advantage of plane-group symmetry and by providing analytical formulas for all derivatives of the energy through second order. The derivatives considered include those with respect to the positions of all charges within the unit cell, those with respect to the lattice vectors (cell deformations), and those involving both types of variables.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 385-404, 1998
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  • 163
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 57-64 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): implicit solvent models ; screened Coulomb potential ; solvation energies, distance dependent dielectric screening ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: An implicit solvent model (ISM) for use in molecular mechanics, Monte Carlo, and molecular dynamics simulations on proteins and nucleic acids is proposed that is based on describing the electrostatic component with a screened Coulomb potential (SCP). The SCP has been extended so that both the electrostatic interaction energies and the self-energy terms are included in the solvation energy where the latter has been calculated from the integral Born equation. In addition, the SCP is generalized to allow an accounting of the positional dependence of the interactions between charges in a dielectric. To test the potential of the method to provide a reliable and fast implicit description of solvent, a parameter set has been determined to calculate hydration free energies of a group of small-molecule analogs for neutral amino acid residues. Comparison of the calculated with experimental hydration energies of 18 molecules yields a correlation greater than 0.99, demonstrating the feasibility of the method to form the basis of an ISM. A parameter set based solely on hydration energies is not sufficient to account for the considerably different physical conditions found for a solute in the protein “solvent.” Methods are explored for further generalizing the parameters to account for macromolecular structure, and it is shown that it may be possible to find a positional function of the coordinates that correlates well with the fraction of each amino acid residue buried in the macromolecule. Such a function would reduce computing time by replacing the need for repetitive calculations of the solvent-accessible surface area (and its derivatives in the case of molecular dynamics simulations) with a simple function of the coordinates.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 57-64, 1998
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  • 164
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 89-103 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): catalytic triad ; hydrogen bond ; oxyanion hole ; serine protease ; tetrahedral intermediate ; transition state ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We present results from ab initio and density functional theory studies of the mechanism for serine hydrolase catalyzed ester hydrolysis. A model system containing both the catalytic triad and the oxyanion hole was studied. The catalytic triad was represented by formate anion, imidazole, and methanol. The oxyanion hole was represented by two water molecules. Methyl formate was used as the substrate. In the acylation step, our computations show that the cooperation of the Asp group and oxyanion hydrogen bonds is capable of lowering the activation barrier by about 15 kcal/mol. The transition state leading to the first tetrahedral intermediate in the acylation step is rate limiting with an activation barrier (ΔE0) of 13.4 kcal/mol. The activation barrier in the deacylation step is smaller. The double-proton-transfer mechanism is energetically unfavorable by about 2 kcal/mol. The bonds between the Asp group and the His group, and the hydrogen bonds in the oxyanion hole, increase in strength going from the Michaelis complex toward the transition state and the tetrahedral intermediate. In the acylation step, the tetrahedral intermediate is a very shallow minimum on the energy surface and is not viable when molecular vibrations are included.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 89-103, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 165
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 159-165 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): quantum virial theorem ; Hellmann-Feynman theorem ; density matrix ; thermal states ; pseudoharmonical oscillator ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In the present article, we extended the quantum virial and Hellmann-Feynman theorems to the quantum statistical averages, that is, to the thermal states. We obtained some new formulas which make possible expressing the thermodynamical observables of the system as functions of the moments of coordinates, as we see in a short example relating to the pseudoharmonical oscillator.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 159-165, 1998
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  • 166
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 167-173 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A parallel algorithm for computing multidimensional scattering wave functions is introduced. The inhomogeneous scattering (Lippmann-Schwinger) equation is solved within the discrete variable representation with absorbing boundary conditions, using iterative (Krylov) methods. A parallel Green's operator enables one to distribute the wave function to orthogonal subspaces in which it is processed in parallel. Application to a model problem of electron scattering in a three-dimensional rectangular quantum wire is given. Speedup is demonstrated with an increasing number of processors and with increasing dimensions and/or sampling density.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 167-173, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 167
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 183-192 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): self-consistent field theory ; semiclassical perturbation theory ; dimensional perturbation theory ; adiabatic approximations ; hydrogen atom in magnetic field ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A recently developed perturbation theory for solving self-consistent field equations is applied to the hydrogen atom in a strong magnetic field. This system has been extensively studied using other methods and is therefore a good test case for the new method. The perturbation theory yields summable large-order expansions. The accuracy of the self-consistent field approximation varies according to field strength and quantum state but is often higher than the accuracy from adiabatic approximations. A new derivation is presented for the asymptotic adiabatic approximation, the most useful of the adiabatic approaches. This derivation uses semiclassical perturbation theory without invoking an adiabatic hypothesis.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 183-192, 1998
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  • 168
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 227-227 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: No abstract.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 265-277 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): exchange kernel ; coupled Kohn-Sham ; density functional theory ; linear response ; excitations ; polarizability ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: An exact expression for the exchange kernel of time-dependent density-functional theory, the frequency-dependent functional derivative of the exchange potential with respect to the density, is derived. The expression is simple enough to be applied in practice. A simple and transparent derivation of the coupled Kohn-Sham equation of time-dependent density-functional theory is given. Modified coupled Kohn-Sham equations are presented that are especially well suited for an “exact-exchange” treatment of excitation energies, polarizabilities, and other linear response properties.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 265-277, 1998
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  • 170
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 255-264 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): density functional theory ; exact-exchange-mixing ; ionization energy theorem ; self-interaction correction ; OEP-KLI approximation ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The value of Becke's exact-exchange-mixing parameter is determined by purely theoretical considerations by requiring that the ionization energy theorem (-∊m=I) be satisfied as closely as possible. This method is applied to the case in which the density functional theory approximation to the exchange-correlation energy functional is given by the local spin density approximation with Perdew-Zunger self-interaction correction, which leads to the correct-1/r long-range behavior of the exchange- correlation potential and consequently to accurate highest occupied orbital energy eigenvalues, ∊m. Employing this approach on atoms with Z≤20 self-consistent optimized-effective potential calculations results in the determination of the mixing parameter, which is in good agreement with that of Becke, and the resulting calculations of the ionization potentials and electron affinities for these atoms are on average within 0.10 eV of the experimental results. In addition, the resulting correlation potential for both neon and argon exhibits a positive bump in the region of maximum density of the highest lying p states.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 255-264, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 171
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 327-340 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The application of density functional theory to complex systems requires simplifications. We describe our methodology, which uses the Harris functional, and its self-consistent generalization to ionic systems as well as its extension to hydrogen-bonded systems. We give brief examples of the application of the theory to semiconductor alloys, large biological molecules, stable ionic GaN (AlN) (0001) surfaces, and the electronic states of Ge clathrates.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 327-340, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 172
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 359-369 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): screening ; local field ; lattice dynamics ; pseudopotential ; soft mode ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Using a density-based local pseudopotential, we study the effect of local field or exchange-correlation corrections on lattice dynamics for several simple metals (the alkalis, aluminum, and lead). Turning on exchange and correlation in the dielectric function significantly reduces phonon frequencies for some metals. We consider three levels of description: the local density approximation (LDA), the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and the nearly exact. Especially for the lower-density metals, the LDA linear response introduces negligible error into the phonon frequencies when exchange and correlation are treated together. This fact results from an almost complete cancellation between the nonlocalities of exchange and correlation. We find no static charge density wave in any of these metals at normal volume, even in the most favorable exchange-only case. For Na and Al at a volume about 50% bigger than normal, we find that a transverse phonon goes soft on the [110] zone boundary.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 359-369, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 423-433 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The atomic characteristics, which govern changes in bonding properties due to relativistic effects in heavy atoms, are identified from a scattering theoretic standpoint. It is shown that within an all-electron calculation scalar relativistic corrections to valence orbitals relevant to atomic bonding properties can be made via a local pseudopotential for all elements. The present approach reproduces molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies excellently for a test set of relatively simple molecules, where good experimental data are available.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 423-433, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 174
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 461-467 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): KS equations ; rigorous formulation ; density functional ; subspace theory ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: By defining functionals over all states in the Hilbert space, we derive the Kohn and Sham (KS) equations for the ground state. Density functionals are defined as an intermediate step and they are restricted to single state representable densities. We do not make any use of the one-to-one correspondence between density and ground state. The resulting noninteracting state is not necessarily a single Slater determinant. Some necessary theorems for developing a KS theory for the lowest energy states transforming according to the irreducible representation (Irrep) of a symmetry group of a Hamiltonian are presented. We show that the part of the lowest energy density having the same symmetry as the external potential determines uniquely the lowest energy state of an Irrep of the symmetry group.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 461-467, 1998
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  • 175
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 503-512 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): density functional theory ; local-scaling transformations ; kinetic-energy functionals ; exchange-energy functionals ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Using several types of simple generating orbitals, explicit expressions for the kinetic-energy functional Ts[ρ] and the exchange functional Ex[ρ] were generated in the context of the local-scaling transformation version of density functional theory. The variational parameters in these orbitals were optimized by a minimization of either the kinetic-energy functional (Kohn-Sham procedure) or the total-energy functional (Hartree-Fock procedure) corresponding to a single Slater determinant. The results obtained for several atoms show that the present kinetic-energy functionals yield values whose percent error is at least an order of magnitude smaller than that of the best available functionals.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 503-512, 1998
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  • 176
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 69 (1998), S. 559-565 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): density functional theory ; electron localization ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Using some relationships derived from the density functional version of the virial theorem, an approximated kinetic energy density is constructed. This is used to implement a modified version of the electron localization function (ELF). Its principal differences with the original ELF are that it does not depend on the orbitals and it reduces to zero when the distance r to the nucleus goes to 0 or infinity. Otherwise, it reproduces all the properties of the ELF function. However, the conceptual interpretation of ELF as coming from the pair probability is lost.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 69: 559-565, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 177
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 157-175 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): MRMP ; multireference-based perturbation theory ; excited states ; polyenes ; excited-state energy gaps ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Multireference perturbation theory with complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) reference functions is applied to the study of the valence π→π* excited states of 1,3-butadiene, 1,3,5-hexatriene, 1,3,5,7-octatetraene, and 1,3,5,7,9-decapentaene. Our focus was put on determining the nature of the two lowest-lying singlet excited states, 11Bu+ and 21Ag-, and their ordering. The 11Bu+ state is a singly excited state with an ionic nature originating from the HOMO→LUMO one-electron transition while the covalent 21Ag- state is the doubly excited state which comes mainly from the (HOMO)2→(LUMO)2 transition. The active-space and basis-set effects are taken into account to estimate the excitation energies of larger polyenes. For butadiene, the 11Bu+ state is calculated to be slightly lower by 0.1 eV than the doubly excited 21Ag- state at the ground-state equilibrium geometry. For hexatriene, our calculations predict the two states to be virtually degenerate. Octatetraene is the first polyene for which we predict that the 21Ag- state is the lowest excited singlet state at the ground-state geometry. The present theory also indicates that the 21Ag- state lies clearly below the 11Bu+ state in decapentaene with the energy gap of 0.4 eV. The 0-0 transition and the emission energies are also calculated using the planar C2h relaxed excited-state geometries. The covalent 21Ag- state is much more sensitive to the geometry variation than is the ionic 11Bu+ state, which places the 21Ag- state significantly below the 11Bu+ state at the relaxed geometry.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 157-175, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 178
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 365-375 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: This is the third and final article in a series directed toward the evaluation of the U(2n) generator matrix elements (MEs) in a multishell spin/orbit basis. Such a basis is required for many-electron systems possessing a partitioned orbital space and where spin-dependence is important. The approach taken is based on the transformation properties of the U(2n) generators as an adjoint tensor operator of U(n)×U(2) and application of the Wigner-Eckart theorem. A complete set of adjoint coupling coefficients for the two-shell composite Gelfand-Paldus basis (which is appropriate to the many-electron problem) were obtained in the first and second articles of this series. In the first article we defined zero-shift coupling coefficients. These are proportional to the corresponding two-shell del-operator matrix elements. See P. J. Burton and and M. D. Gould, J. Chem. Phys., 104, 5112 (1996), for a discussion of the del-operator and its properties. In the second article of the series, the nonzero shift coupling coefficients were derived. Having obtained all the necessary coefficients, we now apply the formalism developed above to obtain the U(2n) generator MEs in a multishell spin-orbit basis. The methods used are based on the work of Gould et al. (see the above reference).   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 365-375, 1998
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  • 179
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 391-396 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Semiempirical AM1 calculations were performed for quantum chemically optimized minimum-energy conformations of L-alanine oligomers (A)n at n = 7 and their derivatives containing one, two, or three proline residues at various positions along the peptide chain. The effect of proline residues on the peptide conformation was quantified in terms of the conformational “strain energy” and also analyzed in terms of the spatial compatibility of peptides. The defined “strain energy” corresponds to the transformation of the polyalanine peptide from its minimum conformation to the conformation corresponding to that of the proline-containing peptide. The results of calculations indicate that the “strain effect” of proline residues is additive at all locations along the peptide chain, except at the first and the second positions of its N-terminal part. Also, the regular α-helical polyalanine structure was most significantly altered by the presence of some specific motifs around the proline location in the peptide. This, in turn, has its implications in the prediction of the protein secondary structure, as well as in the design of peptide inhibitors and substrates for enzymes and receptors.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 391-396, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 180
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): keto/enol and imine/enamine tautomerizations ; intramolecular hydrogen shift ; transition structures ; comparison of several calculation methods ; asynchronous process ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The transition structures associated with the possible intramolecular tautomerization for acetaldehyde/vinyl alcohol and acetaldimine/vinylamine systems as models of keto/enol and imine/enamine interconversion processes, respectively, were characterized. The relative stabilities of the tautomers and the associated barrier heights were calculated. Ab initio analytical gradients and second derivatives at the HF level of theory and 3-21G, 6-31G, 6-31G**, 6-31++G**, and 6-311++G** basis-set, DFT (BP86/6-311++G** and BLYP/6-311++G**), and semiempirical (AM1 and PM3) procedures were used to identify the stationary points. Correlation effects were estimated using the perturbational approach at MP2/6-31G**, MP2/6-311++G**, and MP2/6-311++G (3df,2p) levels. The geometry, electronic structure, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and transition vector associated with the transition structures as well as the relative stabilities of different isomers and barrier heights were analyzed. The dependence of these properties upon theoretical methods is analyzed and discussed. The transition structures are four-membered rings and the corresponding transition vectors are associated to collective fluctuations. The 1,3 intramolecular hydrogen migration is much more advanced than are the hybridization changes on donor and acceptor centers at the transition structure. The corresponding barrier heights can be related to the change of bond orders and acid/base properties of these centers. A comparison of the results obtained with different methods renders that the nature of the transition structure seems to be a rather robust entity.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 9-24, 1998
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  • 181
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 341-341 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: No abstract.
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 339-339 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: No abstract.
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  • 183
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 343-357 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): doubly degenerate harmonic oscillator ; step operators ; Heisenberg Lie algebras ; irreducible tensors ; matrix elements ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The step operators of the two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator are shown to be separable into the basis elements of two disjoint Heisenberg Lie algebras. This separability leads to two sets of irreducible tensors, each of which is based upon its associated underlying Heisenberg Lie algebra. The matrix elements of these tensors are evaluated, along with those of some vibrational operators of physical interest. The possibility of other irreducible tensors are discussed and their usefulness is compared with that of those found here.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 67: 343-357, 1998
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  • 184
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 53-64 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The low-lying electronic states of PtH were studied by all-electron one- and two-component variational calculations on the multireference CI levels. The orbital optimization is performed within a one-component formalism, whereas the further refinement of the wave functions follows two different schemes: The most demanding approach introduces spin-orbit coupling in the CI optimization step, giving a simultaneous treatment of electron correlation and spin-orbit coupling. The second, considerably less demanding approach, corresponds almost to a perturbational treatment, introducing spin-orbit coupling as a final step after the CI optimization by diagonalizing the resulting Hamiltonian matrix over CI states.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 53-64, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Tab.
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 65-72 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): carbanion ; constrained Hartree-Fock equation ; kinetic energy of π electrons ; free-particle model ; linear polyenes ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Solving the constrained Hartree-Fock equation and using the method of the energy component analysis, we have determined the fundamental factor which causes the electrons at the negative center of conjugated carbanion to delocalize over the whole system. Constraint on the π-electron flow between the anion center and polyethylenic system produces the electronic state that the lone-pair electrons are localized at the anionic center. By doing so, a prominent increase in the kinetic energy of π electrons was observed. Such an increase was found to quantitatively fit in with that by the model that electrons are packed in a box. Thus, we could clearly show that delocalization of the carbanion in the polyethylenic system is brought forth by the relaxation of the kinetic energy pressure. We also examined conjugated carbodianion systems. Dianion involves repulsive interaction between anions causing less conjugation energy. Namely, conjugation itself is given by the release in the kinetic energy pressure, but, it is restrained by the electrostatic repulsion.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 65-72, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 186
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 91-101 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): symmetry breaking ; unrestricted wave function ; Löwdin projector ; group algebra projector ; nonorthogonal configuration interaction ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A general scheme to symmetrize a broken symmetry wave function is described. It offers great flexibility in the choice of the set of functions used to expand the symmetrized functions. The traditional symmetrization approaches are related to some particular choices of these functions. New choices are also considered. A postsymmetrization treatment is proposed.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 91-101, 1998
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  • 187
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 119-127 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Brillouin theorem ; noncanonical MOs ; Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory ; saturated organic molecules ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The block diagonalization problem for a Fockian or a Huckel-type model Hamiltonian matrix (H) of molecule originating from the Brillouin theorem and determining the noncanonical molecular orbitals (NCMOs) has been studied. An alternative form of the problem, viz. the so-called eigenblock equation for the matrix H, has been suggested, which formally resembles the usual secular equation for certain two-dimensional matrix. The operator analog of the eigenblock equation also has been derived, and it acquired the form of the usual secular problem for an operator. However, the multidimensional eigenblocks of the matrix H, playing the role of eigenvalues in this new equation, do not commute with the respective multidimensional eigenfunctions. A noncommutative Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory (PT) has been developed for the solution of operator problems of the above-mentioned type. It has been shown that the PT used previously when obtaining the NCMOs of saturated organic molecules on the basis of the Brillouin theorem [V. Gineityte, J. Mol. Struct. (Theochem) 343, 183 (1995)] actually corresponds to the case of two eigenfunctions (eigenvalues) of the noncommutative Rayleigh-Schrödinger PT. On the whole, search for NCMOs of molecules is shown to be related to a nontrivial generalization of a two-level problem, where multidimensional (noncommutative) characteristics stand for the usual ones.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 119-127, 1998
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  • 188
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 151-158 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The simple and efficient a priori BSSE-free SCF method (CHA/F) proposed in the previous parts of this series is extended to the case of open-shell systems treated at the single-determinant UHF level of theory. The appropriate equations were derived and sample calculations are presented on three different (H3+(DOTTED BOND)H, H2O(DOTTED BOND)H, and CH4(DOTTED BOND)H) systems.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 151-158, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 189
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 175-190 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): maximum entropy principle ; mean deviation from statistical equilibrium ; probability wave function ; orthogonal polynomials ; generalized correlations ; mean energy ; ground-state of helium and lithium atoms ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The ground state of an atom is studied by introducing a trial function whose unknown coefficients, taken as variational parameters, are determined by minimizing the mean energy of the respective quantum system. There is no clear methodology about how to choose such trial functions. Using techniques from information theory and statistical inference, this study deals with the construction of trial wave functions by minimizing the mean deviation from statistical equilibrium. The formalism is applied to the ground state of the helium and lithium atoms with surprisingly good numerical results even when only a few variational parameters are used. Details about the effective computation are also given.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 175-190, 1998
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  • 190
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 221-231 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): density functional theory ; approximation of density functionals ; deformations of wave functions ; N-representability in a given symmetry class ; Jacobian problem ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The aim of this article is to present in a way accessible to most quantum chemists a general mathematical method which consists in deforming wave functions and density functions (in the spirit of the local scaling transformation). This deformation method allows us to obtain several new results, including a characterization of the set of wave functions that have the same given density function (which gives a new insight on a result of G. Zumbach and K. Maschke, Phys. Rev. A 28, 544 (1983)) and an N-representability result where symmetry is taken into account. We also propose new theoretical ways to generate approximations of the exact density functional and give a numerical example.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 221-231, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 191
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 66 (1998), S. 409-414 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): ab initio ; density functionals ; potential energy ; nitrogen oxide ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The potential energy surface for the reaction involving NH2 plus NO was explored with a quadratic complete basis set ab initio approach and three hybrid density functional theory methods, the target being to accurately estimate activation barriers and the relative stability of the nitrogen-oxygen isomers. The computational results were compared with previously performed ab initio calculations and new, more accredited values for the NH2NO rearrangement to HNNOH and for the HNNOH decomposition reaction were suggested.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 409-414, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 192
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): polymers ; indirect magnetic interaction ; symmetry ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The magnetic properties of a class of 1-D π-systems having a frontier half-filled band of degenerate MOs localized within the elementary units (EU) were studied theoretically. The localization of the MOs is caused by the symmetry of the π-fragments which form the EUs. The localization and non-overlapping of the MOs results in vanishing of the direct (Hund) and the kinetic exchange interaction between the unpaired electrons. The indirect exchange of the unpaired electrons (spin-polarization exchange) occurs via the delocalized π-electrons in the filled energy bands. An approach allowing the calculation of the indirect exchange interaction is applied for a class of polymers having pyrene, azulene, and s-indacene as fragments of the EUs.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 66: 425-434, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 193
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 11-27 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Adiabatic internal frequencies are compared with c-vector frequencies and intrinsic frequencies. It is shown that c-vector modes are not suitable to characterize molecular fragments φn since they are not localized in φn and their definition leads to unreasonable frequency values. Intrinsic frequencies suffer from a strong dependence on the set of internal parameters chosen to describe the geometry of the molecule. Apart from this, they represent averaged frequencies, for which mass effects and electronic effects are not properly separated. Adiabatic frequencies are based on a dynamic principle, separate properly mass effects and electronic effects and do not depend in any way on the set of internal parameters. This is shown for HF/6-31G(d, p) vibrational frequencies of ethene, dichloroethene, benzene, the cyclooctatetraene dication, benzocyclobutadiene, and some of their isotopomers.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 67: 11-27, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 194
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 71-75 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): bosonic excitation operator ; coherent state ; Gaussian overlap ; time-dependent variational principle ; Hamilton's equation ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: New excitation operators which have perfect bosonic symmetry are constructed for many-electron wave functions by regarding the system of many electrons as that of many species of bosons. Any electronic configurations can be generated by the new bosonic “void” operators. A coherent state is constructed with the bosonic operators and is adopted as a trial function for the time-dependent variational principle. The equation of motion which has exactly the same form as Hamilton's equation in classical mechanics is obtained with the complex variational parameters, the number of which is equal to the number of electrons.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 67: 71-75, 1998
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  • 195
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 101-106 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): linear polyene ; T1 state ; wave function ; CIS ; CASSCF ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Configuration interaction singles (CIS) calculations of the planar T1 state of hexatriene, octatetraene, decapentaene, and dodecahexaene showed that the (HOMO-i)→(LUMO+i) type single excitations contribute significantly. This is attributed to the similarity of the HOMO, LUMO, and HOMO-i, LUMO+i overlap densities which stem from nodal properties of the π molecular orbitals. CASSCF calculations for hexatriene and octatetraene also showed remarkable contributions of the (HOMO-i)→(LUMO+i) type singly excited configurations.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 67: 101-106, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 196
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 135-144 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): density functional theory ; geometry optimization ; cluster models ; crystal models ; zeolites ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In order to compare solid and cluster models of zeolites, we have studied the substitution Si4+→Al3++H+ on the T1 site of mordenite in the dilute limit using a self-consistent, full potential, local density functional (LDF) approach. Clusters size ranged from 9 to 105 atoms. Two crystal models with different Al concentrations were used. The first contained one substitution site per primitive cell of 72 atoms, the other one per conventional cell, containing 144 atoms. The unrelaxed substitution energies as computed with cluster and crystal models correspond well if the cluster results are extrapolated to infinite radius. Size effects are much smaller in crystal models. In addition, a structure relaxation (with fixed unit cell) was carried out for pure-silica offretite, a zeolite with 54 atoms per unit cell, and pure-silica mordenite, with 144 atoms per unit cell, starting from the low aluminum content X-ray crystallographic structure. In the offretite and mordenite optimizations full use was made of the D3h1-P \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \bar 6 $\end{document}m2 and the nonsymmorphic D2h17-Cmcm space group symmetry, respectively.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 135-144, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 197
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 159-174 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): relativistic quantum chemistry ; relativistic connections to expectation valves ; two/one-component methods in relativity ; perturbation methods in relativity ; Douglas-Kroll approximation ; mass-velocity+Darwin approximation ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The effect of the so-called picture change on expectation values of one-electron operators in approximate two(one)-component relativistic theories is discussed. This effect is expected to be particularly large for operators which assume large values in the vicinity of heavy nuclei. The numerical results illustrating the picture change effect on electric field gradients at nuclei have been obtained in the spin-free Pauli and Douglas-Kroll approximations. It has been found that the picture change effect lowers the electric field gradient at I in HI by about 1 a.u. Very large picture change effect (-8 a.u.) has been calculated for HAt. It is concluded that in accurate calculations of expectation values of operators involving high inverse powers of the electron-nucleus distance the picture change, which accompanies the transformation of the Dirac (Dirac-Coulomb) equation to approximate two(one)-component relativistic Hamiltonians, must be taken into account.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 159-174, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 198
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 201-210 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): atomic charge ; isotropic shielding ; IGLO method ; bond orbital ; bond dipole moment ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The problem of defining a reliable quantum mechanical charge by comparison with one-electron properties is analyzed, and it is stressed that properties involving the virtual space are not suited to that end. Particular attention is devoted to the relationship between charges and chemical shifts for the case of saturated hydrocarbons. A simple explanation of the Grant and Paul α effect is suggested, which can also account for the modified population analysis proposed by Fliszár. Moreover the vexata quaestio of the direction of the C—H bond dipole moment has been reexamined. The awkward theoretical prediction (C+—H-) can be reconciled with the one based on experimental data and electronegativities (C-—H+) if one considers that the former is determined by an hydridization contribution to the dipole moment, which tend to cancel in a summation over all the bonds formed by each atom.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 201-210, 1998
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  • 199
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 329-350 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): HeH- ; comparative study of errors ; SCF ; electron correlation ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Basis set truncation error (BSTE), size extensivity Error (SEE), zero point vibrational energy (ZPVE), and basis set superposition error (BSSE) of HeH- weak van der Waals interaction energy were determined and compared at the self-consistent field (SCF), many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), and coupled cluster (CC) methods using even-tempered functions. Isotope substitution effects and the role of bond function augmentation were taken into account. Apart from core correlation energy error (CCEE), which is absent from HeH- interaction energy, the results confirm that BSTE is the most important source of error, followed by SEE of the truncated configuration interaction (CI) expansion, ZPVE and BSSE in a descending order. Introducing quadrable excitations to the truncated CI expansion reduces the magnitude of SEE by ∼45.7%, and BSSE correction is not necessary even at the electron correlation level. While bond function augmentation reduces BSSE at the Hartree-Fock, it has an oscillating behavior at the electron correlation level.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 329-350, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Tab.
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  • 200
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    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 68 (1998), S. 405-413 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): S-states of two electron atoms ; correlated basis function ; factored wave functions ; one- and two-body densities ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A simple and accurate variational wave function in which the dependence in the interelectronic distance is factored is proposed to describe S-type states of two-electron atomic systems. We introduce a parameterization which generalizes the previous ones used in this same framework and which allows us to obtain in a simple way the wave function of both symmetric and antisymmetric excited states. We performed a systematic analysis of some exact properties such as the virial theorem and the cusp conditions and a study of both the one- and two-body densities. Finally, a comparison among the different correlation functions for these states was performed for helium.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 68: 405-413, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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