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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (3)
  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • Drug resistance  (1)
  • Elderly subjects  (1)
  • Emboli  (1)
Datenquelle
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (3)
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-3932
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter  Apoplexie ; Karotis-TEA ; Karotisstenting ; Neuromonitoring ; Embolie ; Transkranielle Dopplersonographie ; Key words Stroke ; Carotid TEA ; Carotid stenting ; Neuromonitoring ; Emboli
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Abstract  In a retrospective study we examined whether it is possible to achieve better results in carotid artery surgery with a new operative technique called ”no-touch-isolation technique” in combination with intraoperative angiography than with conventional operative techniques. Patients and methods: In 1997 and 1998, 80 patients who were operated on using this new operative technique were compared with a group of 144 patients who had undergone conventional carotid endarterectomy. The new aspect of the no-touch-isolation technique is that the whole operation strategy aims to avoid possible intraoperative and postoperative embolism. At first, the internal carotid artery is exposed and clamped distally to the stenotic plaque very atraumatically. The operation was then continued without an intraluminal shunt. At the end of the operation the result was checked by means of an intraoperative angiography. If any suggestion of a possible embolism, such as tears of the intima, were seen, an intraoperative revision was carried out until all thrombembolic material was removed. Results: The two groups were not different regarding age, sex, symptoms, degree of stenosis and risk factors nor did any significant differences exist in the operative technique used for endarterectomy (with or without patch, eversions-TEA, etc.). The group operated on with the no-touch-isolation technique had significantly longer operation- times (110 min vs 90 min) and also significantly longer clamping times (38.7 min vs 28.2 min) than the group operated on using conventional technique. The postoperative results, however, were still better. There were significantly fewer neurological deficits (4.1% vs 9.3%). Conclusion: The no-touch-isolation technique in combination with intraoperative angiography is a very safe method of treatment in patients with symptomatic stenosis of the internal carotid artery with a more than 70% degree of stenosis.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung  In einer retro-spektiven Studie wurde untersucht, inwieweit sich mit einer Optimierung der Operationstechnik an der A. carotis, der sog. No-touch-isolation-Technik, bessere Ergebnisse erzielen lassen. 80 Patienten, die 1997 und 1998 in der neuen Technik operiert worden waren, wurden mit einer Gruppe von 144 Patienten, die zuvor in herkömmlicher Technik operiert worden waren, verglichen. Das Neue der No-touch-isolation-Technik bestand darin, dass die ganze Operationstaktik darauf abzielte, mögliche intraoperative und postoperative Embolien zu vermeiden. Zu diesem Zweck wurde als Erstes die A. carotis interna ganz atraumatisch freigelegt und distal des stenosierenden Plaques abge-klemmt. Anschließend erfolgte die weitere Operation ohne Einlage eines intraluminären Shunts. Am Ende der Operation wurde das Ope-rationsergebnis mittels einer intra-operativen Angiographie kontrol- liert. Wenn sich dabei mögliche übriggebliebene Embolisationsquellen, wie Intimalefzen zeigten, erfolgte eine intraoperative Revision, bis alle Embolisationsquellen besei-tigt waren. Die beiden verglichenen Gruppen unterschieden sich nicht bezüglich Alter, Geschlecht, Sympto-matik, Stenosegrad und Risikofaktoren. Auch bezüglich der angewandten Operationsverfahren (TEA mit oder ohne Patch, Eversions-TEA etc.) bestanden keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Die in No-touch-isolation-Technik operierte Gruppe hatte signifikant längere Operationszeiten (110 vs. 90 min) und auch signifikant längere Abklemmzeiten (38,7 vs. 28,2 min) als die in der herkömmlichen Technik operierte Gruppe. Die perioperativen Ergeb-nisse waren jedoch besser. So traten signifikant weniger neurologische Defizite auf (4,1 vs. 9,3%). Die No-touch-isolation-Technik in Verbindung mit einer intraoperativen Angiographie ist eine Methode mit einer sehr geringen Insultrate bei Patienten mit symptomatischen 〉70%igen Karotisstenosen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 126 (2000), S. 198-204 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Schlagwort(e): Key words DNA repair ; Resistance modifier ; Drug resistance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Purpose: Modulation of DNA repair represents one strategy to overcome cellular drug resistance to alkylating agents and platinum compounds. The effects of different known DNA repair modulators such as O 6-benzylguanine (6 μg/ml), fludarabine (25 ng/ml), aphidicolin (8.5 ng/ml), pentoxifylline (1.4 μg/ml) and methoxamine (12.4 μg/ml) on the cytotoxicity of mafosfamide, chlorambucil, 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), cisplatin and carboplatin were tested in human lung cancer cell lines. Methods: Chemosensitivity of the human adenocarcinoma cell line MOR/P and the cisplatin-resistant subline MOR/CPR as well as the large-cell lung cancer cell line L23/P and its cisplatin-resistant counterpart L23/CPR were evaluated by the MTT colorimetric assay. Results: O 6-benzylguanine, an inhibitor of O 6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase, significantly sensitised MOR/P and MOR/CPR cells to the cytotoxic effect of BCNU. Fludarabine, methoxamine and aphidicolin did not change the chemosensitivity of the parental and cisplatin-resistant cell lines to any cytotoxic drug tested. Interestingly, O 6-benzylguanine enhanced the chemoresistance of parental and cisplatin-resistant cell lines to platinum compounds. Also, pentoxifylline increased resistance of the MOR cell lines to mafosfamide. Conclusions: Modulation of DNA repair elicits not only chemosensitisation but may also enhance cellular resistance to DNA-affine drugs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Polysomnography ; Elderly subjects ; Zopiclone ; Temazepam ; Cognitive psychomotor performance ; Memory ; GABA-A/BDZ receptor ; REM density
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  Rationale: The increased prevalence of sleep disturbance in old age is accompanied by a higher prescription rate of hypnotics, predominantly benzodiazepines in the elderly. In young volunteers zopiclone exerts a beneficial effect on sleep continuity without suppression of SWS and REM sleep; psychomotor performance and vigilance seemed to be less impaired than under classical benzoediazepines. Objective: The present study investigates the effects of zopiclone on sleep EEG and cognitive performance in comparison to temazepam and placebo in the elderly population. Methods: Single oral doses of zopiclone (7.5 mg), temazepam (20 mg) and placebo were administered in a randomized double-blind, completely counterbalanced cross-over design to 12 healthy elderly men and women (65.9+3.6 years, range 60–70 years). On each of the 3 study nights a sleep EEG was registered from 10 p.m. to 6.30 a.m. and cognitive performance tests were applied at 8 p.m., 2 a.m. (when subjects were awake for 30 min), 7 a.m. and 9 a.m. Results: After zopiclone treatment, sleep continuity had significantly improved and sleep stage 4 was increased compared to temazepam and placebo. In addition, both active substances significantly reduced REM density. Neither active compound substantially altered psychomotor and memory performance. Conclusions: Zopiclone and temazepam can be considered as effective hypnotics in elderly subjects when administered in that dosage. The superiority of zopiclone on sleep architecture may be related to a more specific action of zopiclone at the GABA-A benzodiazepine receptor complex. The suppression of REM density by both compounds and their subtle effects on cognition may reflect a GABAergic mediated reduction of cholinergic neurotransmission.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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