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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (27)
  • 2000-2004  (27)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 4027-4031 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction pattern (SADP) measurements were carried out to investigate the ordered structures near ZnTe/GaAs heterointerfaces, and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) measurements were performed to determine the compositions of the ZnTe/GaAs interfacial layer. The SADP showed two sets of {〈fraction SHAPE="CASE"〉12 〈fraction SHAPE="CASE"〉12 〈fraction SHAPE="CASE"〉12} extra spots with symmetrical intensity, and the corresponding high-resolution TEM image showed doublet periodicity in contrast of the {111} lattice planes. The results of the SADP and the high-resolution TEM measurements showed that a CuPt-type ordered (Cd, Zn)Te structure was observed near the ZnTe/GaAs heterointerface, and the AES and SIMS results showed that the ordered structure was formed due to the diffusion of Cd atoms into the ZnTe layer. Two variants, one for each direction of the doublet periodicity on the {111} lattice, were observed in the ordering, and each variant had its own domain structure with a similar probability. The formation of the CuPt-type ordered structure near the ZnTe/GaAs heterointerface originated from both the existence of the Cd residual impurities during the initial growth stage of the ZnTe epilayer and the strain relaxation of the ZnTe epilayer. These results can help to improve the understanding of the microstructural properties of the ZnTe/GaAs heterointerface. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 5195-5199 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The microstructural and the optical properties of InAs/GaAs quantum-dot (QD) arrays inserted into undoped GaAs barriers embedded in an AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs were investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The TEM images and the selected-area electron diffraction patterns showed that vertically stacked InAs QD self-assembled arrays were embedded in the GaAs barriers. The temperature-dependent PL spectra showed that the peak corresponding to the interband transitions from the ground electronic subband to the ground heavy-hole band of the InAs QDs shifted to lower energy with increasing temperature. The PL intensity of the InAs dots was significantly enhanced by the modulation-doped AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs heterostructure, and the thermal activation energy of the InAs dots was decreased by the addition of the modulation-doped AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs heterostructure. The present results can help to improve the understanding of the microstructural and the optical properties in InAs QD arrays inserted into GaAs barriers embedded in a modulation-doped AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs heterostructure. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 28 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Carcinoma of the cervix is a common neoplasm. Early detection and improved treatment techniques have resulted in better control of cancer and longer survival, however, invasive and metastatic disease still occur. Cervical cancer usually spreads through direct local extension and via the lymphatics, haematogenous metastasis is relatively infrequent and cutaneous metastases are very rare. Metastasis to the scalp is extremely rare and only three cases of scalp metastasis from cervical cancer have been reported in the literature. We now report a patient with cervical cancer who presented with metastasis to this very unusual site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 993-995 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photoluminescence spectra showed that the formation mechanism for CdTe layers grown on ZnTe thin films changed from a two-dimensional mode to a three-dimensional mode with increasing submonolayer CdTe layer thickness, and the temperature-dependent PL spectra indicated that the activation energy of CdTe quantum dots is larger than that of CdTe single quantum wells. The formation mechanism for the CdTe QDs is in reasonable agreement with a Stranski–Krastanov growth mode. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 888-890 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We studied the turn-off transient behavior of electron- and proton-irradiated silicon p–n junction diodes. Electron-irradiated n+–p diodes showed transient current peaks at lower reverse voltages. When the forward current was increased, the height and the number of the peaks increased, and at each peak the diode voltage showed a sharp decrease. We explain that the increased ionization coefficients by the electron irradiation caused the current peak to appear during the turn-off transients. p+–n diodes irradiated under the same condition did not show the large peak. This suggests that only the defects in the p-type silicon are responsible for the current peaks. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1637-1639 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ordered structures in highly strained CdxZn1−xTe/GaAs heterostructures epitaxial layers grown on (001)GaAs substrates were investigated by using selected area electron diffraction pattern (SADP) and cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) measurements. The SADP results showed two sets of (1/2 1/2 1/2) superstructure reflections with symmetrical intensities along the [110] axis, and the corresponding HRTEM images indicated a doublet periodicity in the contrast of the {111} lattice planes. Two structures, one corresponding to the CuPtB-type ordering for each direction of the doublet periodicity on the {111} lattice planes along the [110] axis and the other corresponding to superstructure spots related to the CuAu–I type ordering were observed in the SADP. The doublet periodicity of 200 lattice fringes, associated with the CuAu–I-type ordered structure was also observed in the HRTEM image, and many antiphase boundaries were observed in ordered regions. The formation of the two ordered structures in the CdxZn1−xTe epilayers might originate from the minimization of the relaxation energy due to the high strain effect resulting from the large lattice mismatch between the CdxZn1−xTe epilayer and the GaAs substrate. These results provide important information on the microstructural properties for improving the efficiencies of CdxZn1−xTe-based optoelectronic devices operating in the blue-green spectral region. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 5058-5064 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Titanium bulk and dislocation diffusion coefficients at 1000 °C have been determined for Ti in single crystal α-Al2O3(0001) for three types of samples: (i) Ti evaporated onto Al2O3, (ii) 48Ti+at 100 eV deposited onto Al2O3, and (iii) 48Ti+ at 100 eV deposited onto radiation damaged Al2O3 (damage inflected by implantation of 46Ti+ at 7 keV). Diffusion penetration profiles were obtained by using secondary ion mass spectrometry depth profiling techniques. For the deposited and implanted Ti+ samples, the bulk diffusion coefficients (D) are 5.4×10−21 and 5.6×10−17 m2 s−1, respectively, and dislocation diffusion coefficients are 3.6×10−17 and 1.4×10−12 m2 s−1, respectively. Comparing the D's for Ti in the undamaged and damaged Al2O3, the D's for the latter samples are higher by a factor of 104–105, reflecting the radiation enhanced diffusion due to the defect structure inflected by the implanted 7 keV 46Ti+. Comparing the D's for Ti deposited onto Al2O3 (both the evaporated and 100 eV 48Ti+ samples) with those for Cr deposited onto Al2O3, the Ti D's are larger by a factor of 10, reflecting the influence of the valence state of the cation. These results show that cationic diffusion coefficients in Al2O3 can be controlled by varying the level of defects in the crystal. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1800-1805 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In this article, a combined wavelet/singular value decomposition-Prony method to estimate the time constants associated with deep-level transient spectroscopy data is presented. A filtering scheme based on wavelet denoising is used to provide a preprocessing technique that allows the singular value decomposition-Prony method to be applied to transient capacitance data to accurately estimate the associated time constants. Results for both simulated multiple exponential model data with additive white-Gaussian noise and real transient spectroscopy data are presented to illustrate the applicability of the presented technique. Furthermore, the concept of detecting multiple time constants is investigated and a statistical analysis is performed to address the constraints associated with the presented technique to achieve effective detection and estimation. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 5657-5660 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Selected area electron diffraction pattern and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy measurements on a ZnTe/ZnSe heterointerface grown on a GaAs(001) substrate showed two structures of the CuPtB-type ordering structures, one for each direction of the doublet periodicity on the {111} lattice planes along the [110] axis, and superstructure spots related to CuAu-I-type ordering. Auger electron spectroscopy measurements showed that the Se atoms were interdiffused into the ZnTe thin film and that the diffused Se atoms formed a ZnSexTe1−x layer, which might be related to the coexistence of the two types of ordered structures. The coexisting behavior of the two ordered structures are discussed. The present results can help improve the understanding of the formation mechanism and the coexisting behaviors of the two ordered structure near the ZnTe/ZnSe heterointerface. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In order to better understand the role of antioxidant enzymes in plant stress protection mechanisms, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) plants were developed that overexpress both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in chloroplasts. These plants were evaluated for protection against methyl viologen (MV, paraquat)-mediated oxidative damage both in leaf discs and whole plants. Transgenic plants that express either chloroplast-targeted CuZnSOD (C) or MnSOD (M) and APX (A) were developed (referred to as CA plants and AM plants, respectively). These plant lines were crossed to produce plants that express all three transgenes (CMA plants and AMC plants). These plants had higher total APX and SOD activities than non-transgenic (NT) plants and exhibit novel APX and SOD isoenzymes not detected in NT plants. As expected, transgenic plants that expressed single SODs showed levels of protection from MV that were only slightly improved compared to NT plants. The expression of either SOD isoform along with APX led to increased protection while expression of both SODs and APX provided the highest levels of protection against membrane damage in leaf discs and visual symptoms in whole plants.
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