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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • Bipolar disorde  (1)
  • Neurone number
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hochdosierte Thyroxinbehandlung bei therapie- und prophylaxe- resistenten Patienten mit affektiven Psychosen (1998)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 69 (1998), S. 1019-1022 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Thyroxin ; Schilddrüsenhormone ; Therapieresistente Depression ; Prophylaxeresistenz ; Major Depression ; Bipolare Störungen ; Key words Thyroxine ; Thyroid hormones ; Therapy- resistant depression ; Prophylaxis-resistance ; Major depression ; Bipolar disorde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The following review summarizes current knowledge on the treatment of therapy-resistant patients with affective disorders with supraphysiological doses of thyroxine (T4). Several groups have reported independently of each other that administration of 200–500 µg T4/day has excellent effects in 50–65% of patients a) with bipolar disorder, with or without „rapid cycling” course, who were previously resistant to all prophylactic drugs and b) in the treatment of therapy-resistant depression. T4 is effective only in combination with an antidepressant or a prophylactic drug. Side effects are minimal, even when T4 is administered over several years. These results now justify to recommend high dose T4-augmentation as „last-resort” treatment also beyond research purposes, i. e. in psychiatric wards and in private practice. Recommendations for clinical applications are given and hypotheses on possible mechanisms underlying the efficacy of T4 treatment are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die nachfolgende Übersicht faßt die bisherigen Erfahrungen mit einer hochdosierten Thyroxin(T4)-Behandlung bei therapie- und prophylaxeresistenten Patienten mit affektiven Psychosen zusammen. Mehrere voneinander unabhängige Arbeitsgruppen berichteten in offenen Studie über ausgezeichnete prophylaktische bzw. therapeutische Ergebnisse einer Behandlung mit „supraphysiologischen” Dosen von T4 (200 bis 500 µg pro Tag) bei 50 bis 65% aller bislang prophylaxeresistenten bipolaren Patienten mit oder ohne Rapid-cycling-Verlauf sowie bei bisher therapieresistenten Depressionen. T4 ist nur bei gleichzeitiger Medikation eines Antidepressivums bzw. Phasenprophylaktikums wirksam. Die Nebenwirkungen sind – auch bei Langzeitbehandlung – in fast allen Fällen minimal. Diese Ergebnisse rechtfertigen, die hochdosierte T4-Behandlung als „Mittel der letzten Wahl” bei therapie- und prophylaxeresistenten Patienten mit affektiven Psychosen in Zukunft auch außerhalb der Forschung, d. h. auf den Stationen Psychiatrischer Abteilungen sowie in Nervenarztpraxen durchzuführen. Praktische Empfehlungen zur Durchführung dieser Behandlung werden gegeben und die möglichen Wirkungsmechanismen diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050378
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nerve cell loss in the thalamic centromedian-parafascicular complex in patients with Huntington's disease (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 91 (1996), S. 161-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Huntington's disease ; Human brain ; Thalamus ; Nuclei centromedianus-parafascicularis ; Neurone number
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The centromedian-parafascicular complex represents a nodal point in the neuronal loop comprising striatum – globulus pallidus – thalamus – striatum. Striatal neurone degeneration is a hallmark in Huntington's disease and we were interested in estimating total neurone and glial number in this thalamic nuclear complex. Serial 500-μm-thick gallocyanin-stained frontal sections of the left hemisphere from six cases of Huntington's disease patients (three females, three males) and six age- and sex-matched controls were investigated applying Cavalieri's principle and the optical disector. Mean neurone number in the controls was 646,952 ± 129,668 cells versus 291,763 ± 60,122 in Huntington's disease patients (Mann-Whitney U-test, P 〈 0.001). Total glial cell number (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and unclassifiable glial profiles) was higher in controls with 9,544,191 ± 3,028,944 versus 6,961,989 ± 2,241,543 in Huntington's disease patients (Mann-Whitney U-test, P 〈 0.021). Considerable increase of fibrous astroglia within the centromedian-parafascicular complex could be observed after Gallyas' impregnation. Most probably this cell type enhanced the numerical ratio between glial number and neurone number (glial index: Huntington's disease patients = 24.4 ± 8.1; controls = 15.0 ± 5.2; Mann-Whitney U-test, P 〈 0.013). The neurone number in the centromedian-parafascicular complex correlated negatively, although statistically not significantly, with the striatal neurone number. This lack of correlation between an 80% neuronal loss in the striatum and a 55% neurone loss in the centromedian-parafascicular complex points to viable neuronal circuits connecting the centromedian-parafascicular complex with cortical and subcortical regions that are less affected in Huntington's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050408
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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