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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (17)
  • Hypothalamus  (11)
  • Thermoregulation  (9)
  • 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine  (3)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (17)
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Years
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of adenosine 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate on thermoregulation in both rats and rabbits (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 51 (1981), S. 257-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Thermoregulation ; db cyclic AMP ; hypothermia ; hyperthermia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of intraventricular administration of dibutyryl adenosine 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate (db cyclic AMP) on the thermoregulatory responses of unanesthetized rats and rabbits to different ambient temperatures (Ta) were assessed. Administration of db cyclic AMP (10–60 mM) produced dose-dependent hypothermia in both rats and rabbits at Ta 2–22 °C. The hypothermia in response to db cyclic AMP was due to decreased metabolic heat production and cutaneous vasodilatation. There was no change in respiratory evaporative heat loss. In contrast, in the heat (30–32 °C), db cyclic AMP administration produced dose-dependent hyperthermia in these animals. The hyperthermia was due to increased metabolism (due to muscular shivering) and decreased heat losses. The reduction in heat losses was shown by a decrease in both cutaneous circulation and respiratory evaporative heat loss. The data demonstrate that the thermoregulatory responses induced by central administration of db cyclic AMP are Ta-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01248957
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The hypothalamic somatostatinergic pathways mediate feeding behavior in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 161-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; somatostatin ; anorexia ; food intake ; starvation ; cysteamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The level of somatostatin in the hypothalamus was higher in satiated rats than in hungry rats. Elevating hypothalamic somatostatin levels by administering somatostatin into the hypothalamus produced a decrease in food intake, whereas lowering hypothalamic somatostatin levels by administering cysteamine into the peritoneal cavity produced an increase in food intake in rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954859
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypothalamic somatostatin may mediate endotoxin-induced fever in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 339 (1989), S. 608-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Somatostatin ; Endotoxin ; Fever ; Hypothalamus ; Cysteamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary (1) The changes in rectal temperature produced by an injection of a bacterial endotoxin piromen (10–40 ng in 1.0 μl) or somatostatin-14 (SS-14; 0.1–0.3 pg in 1.0 μl) into the preoptic anterior hypothalamic area were assessed and compared in control rats, in rats with hypothalamic SS depletion, and in rats with hypothalamic SS receptor blockade. (2) Intrahypothalamic injection of either piromen or SS-14 produced a dose-related rise in rectal temperature in intact, control rats. The fever induced by intrahypothalamic injection of piromen or SS-14, as well as that induced by intraperitoneal injection of piromen, was antagonized by pretreatment of the hypothalamus with a SS-14 receptor antagonist (0.1 ng in 1.0 μl) in rats. (3) On the other hand, intraperitoneal administration of cysteamine (30–100 mg/kg), in addition to producing a dose-related fall in rectal temperature, also caused a dose-related fall in hypothalamic SS-levels in rats. Furthermore, the fever induced by intrahypothalamic injection of piromen, but not SS-14, was antagonized by depletion of hypothalamic SS levels with an intraperitoneal dose of cysteamine (30 mg/kg). (4) The results indicate that a somatostatinergic pathway in the hypothalamus may mediate endotoxin-induced fever in the rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00168651
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrogenicity of polyadenylic · polyuridylic acid in rabbits (1991)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 343 (1991), S. 551-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Polynucleotides ; Pyrogen ; Interferon ; Prostaglandins ; Hypothalamus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Polyadenylic polyuridylic acid injected intraveneously into rabbits produced a rapid-onset, monophasic fever. Pyrogenic tolerance occurred in rabbits following daily injections of polyadenylic polyuridylic acid. However, direct injection of the agent into the preoptic anterior hypothalamic region of rabbit's brain produced a markedly different fever. After an intrahypothalamic injection of polyadenylic - polyuridylic acid, fever was delayed in onset and persisted for a longer period. At room temperature, the fever was due to both increased metabolism and cutaneous vasoconstriction. In a colder atmosphere the fever was due solely to increased metabolism, whereas in the heat the fever was due to reduction in cutaneous blood flow and respiratory evaporative heat loss. In addition, the fever induced by intravenous polyadenylic · polyuridylic acid injection was reversed by a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, but not by a protein synthesis inhibitor. Polyadenylic - polyuridylic acid was shown to stimulate PGE2 production from rabbit's hypothalamus in vitro. The results reveal that this agent is a prostaglandin-dependent pyrogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00169561
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depletion of hypothalamic norepinephrine reduces the fever induced by polyriboinosinic acid: polyribocytidylic acid (Poly I:Poly C) in rats (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 720-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; norepinephrine ; fever ; pyrogen ; polyriboinosinic acid ; polyribocytidylic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Administration of either Poly I:Poly C (0.05–0.50 μg) or norepinephrine (2–8 μg) into the anterior hypothalamic area produced a dose-related fever in rats. The fever induced by Poly I:Poly C was attenuated after selective depletion of norepinephrine in the hypothalamus. However, selective depletion of hypothalamic norepinephrine did not affect the fever induced by intrahypothalamic norepinephrine. The data indicate that Poly I:Poly C may act to induce fever through the endogenous release of norepinephrine from the rat's hypothalamus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01974567
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin acts on the hypothalamic glucose-facilitated neurons to induce hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in the rat (1991)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 942-944 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; insulin ; hyperglycemia ; hyperinsulinemia ; neuronal activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Microinjection of insulin (0.04–0.12 IU/μl) into the anterior hypothalamus or the lateral hypothalamus, but not the vertromedial hypothalamus of the rat brain, caused a dose-dependent rise in blood glucose and in serum insulin. The majority (71.5%) of the glucose-facilitated neurons recorded in the lateral hypothalamic area were excited by intracerebral injection of insulin. The data indicate that insulni acts on the hypothalamic glucose-facilitated neurons to induce hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. It is unknown whether insulin normally reaches the hypothalamic area, or how it might do so.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01929887
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clonidine-induced hypothermia: Possible involvement of cholinergic and serotonergic mechanisms (1984)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 326 (1984), S. 124-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Clonidine ; Hypothalamus ; 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Acetylcholine ; Thermoregulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The thermoregulatory effects (including metabolic, vasomotor and respiratory activities) produced by an injection of clonidine (1–3 μg in 0.5 μl) into the preoptic anterior hypothalamus were assessed in conscious rats at ambient temperatures (T a) of 8, 22 and 30°C. 2. Intrahypothalamic administration of clonidine caused a dose-dependent fall in rectal temperature at T a 8°C and 22°C. The hypothermia in response to clonidine was due to decreased metabolic heat production and/or cutaneous vasodilation. There was no change in respiratory evaporative heat loss. 3. The clonidine-induced hypothermic response was attenuated by pretreatment of the rats with either 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (10 μg, administered intrahypothalamicly, 14 days before clonidine injection), yohimbine (0.2 μg, administered intrahypothalamicly, 10 min before clonidine injection), cyproheptadine (1 μg, administered intrahypothalamicly, 10 min before clonidine injection), or atropine (0.1 μg, administered intrahypothalamicly, 10 min before clonidine injection). 4. The data indicate that clonidine may act on α-adrenoceptors located on a serotonin-acetylcholine pathway within the preoptic anterior hypothalamus to induce hypothermia by promoting a reduction in metabolic heat production and/or an enhancement in dry heat loss in rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00517308
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide on thermoregulatory responses and hypothalamic neuronal activity in the rat (1985)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 328 (1985), S. 363-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cholecystokinin ; Thermoregulation ; Hypothalamus ; Neuronal activity ; Metabolism ; Vasodilation ; Hypothermia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Rats were chronically implanted with a hypothalamic cannula to allow chemical stimulation of the hypothalamus on the conscious animals in repeated experiments. Direct administration of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) (20–60 ng) into the preoptic anterior hypothalamic area caused a dose-related fall in rectal temperature at ambient temperatures of 8° C and 22° C. 2. The hypothermia induced by CCK-8 was produced by a decrease in metabolism at an ambient temperature of 8° C, whereas at 22° C, it was caused by both a decrease in metabolism and an increase in cutaneous temperature. 3. However, at an ambient temperature of 30° C, intrahypothalamic administration of CCK-8 caused an insignificant change in thermoregulatory responses. Furthermore, neither intrahypothalamic injection of 0.9% saline nor intraperitoneal injection of CCK-8 (60 ng) had any effect on thermoregulatory responses at the ambient temperatures of 8°–30° C studied. 4. Under urethane anaesthesia, 59 single neurons in the preoptic anterior hypothalamic area were examined in 29 rats. Each animal was subjected to scrotal warming or cooling and to the administration of CCK-8. Microiontophoretic application of CCK-8 resulted in inhibition of the majority (75%) of cold-responsive neurons as well as excitation of the majority (77.8%) of warm-responsive neurons recorded in the preoptic anterior hypothalamic area. However, the majority (69%) of thermally unresponsive cells were not affected by CCK-8 application. 5. The data indicate that CCK-8, when administered intrahypothalamically, excites warm-responsive neurons and inhibits cold-responsive neurons within the preoptic anterior hypothalamic area to induce hypothermia by promoting an increase in heat loss and a decrease in heat production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692901
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of a bulbospinal 5-HT pathway in the rat brain produces hyperglycaemia (1990)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 416 (1990), S. 604-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Glucoregulation ; Spinal serotonin nerves ; Electrical stimulation ; Ventrolateral medulla ; 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The glucoregulatory role of spinally projecting serotonin (5-HT) neurones near the ventrolateral surface of the medulla oblongata was investigated by stimulating these nerve cells in normal rats and in rats with selective chemical ablation of 5-HT nerves in the spinal cord. Electrical stimulation of the lateral medulla produced hyperglycaemia in normal rats; the increase in blood glucose was proportional to the intensity and frequency of stimulation. Furthermore, microinjection of kainic acid or L-glutamate at the same sites also produced hyperglycaemia. This stimulation-induced hyperglycaemia was significantly reduced by spinal transection or adrenalectomy. Selective destruction of spinal 5-HT nerves produced by intraspinal injection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine also reduced the magnitude of the hyperglycaemia response to electrical stimulation of the lateral medulla. This indicates that stimulation of 5-HT nerve cells adjacent to the ventrolateral surface of the medulla oblongata and projecting to the spinal cord increases the adrenal-sympathetic efferent activity and leads to hyperglycaemia in rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00382696
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paramedian reticular nucleus: a thermolytic area in the rat medulla oblongata (1990)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 417 (1990), S. 418-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Paramedian reticular nucleus ; Medulla oblongata ; Thermoregulation ; Thermolysis ; Hypothermia ; Chlorpromazine ; Pyrogen ; Fever
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of stimulation or ablation of the paramedian reticular nucleus (PRN) of the rat medulla oblongata on the thermal responses induced by ambient temperature changes, a pyrogen, or a hypothermic substance were assessed. Electrical stimulation of the PRN elicited thermolytic reactions (including decreased metabolism, cutaneous vasodilation and hypothermia) which could be mimicked by micro-injection of kainic acid (an excitotoxic amino acid) into the same region. Bilateral electrolytic lesions in the PRN prevented the animals from responding to heat stress (35° C for 30 min) to some extent, but did not prevent responses to cold stress (4° C for 60 min). In addition, the thermogenic reactions induced by intrahypothalamic injection of polyriboinosinic acid: polyribocytidylic acid (a pyrogenic substance), or the thermolytic reactions induced by intraperitoneal administration of chlorpromazine (a tranquilizer), were antagonized respectively by activation or ablation of the PRN. This suggests that the PRN of the caudal medulla may function as a thermolytic area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00370662
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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