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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
  • Gamma camera  (2)
  • Quarantine  (2)
  • Quarantäne  (2)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
Material
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz 42 (1999), S. 389-401 
    ISSN: 1437-1588
    Keywords: SchlüsselwörterVirusbedingte hämorrhagische Fieber (Ebola Marburg ; Lassa ; Krim-Kongo) ; Pest ; Seuchenhygiene ; Quarantäne ; Internationale Gesundheitsvorschriften ; Reisemedizin ; Tropenkrankheiten ; Emerging diseases ; öffentlicher Gesundheitsdienst ; Zivilmilitärische Zusammenarbeit ; Key words Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers (Ebola-Marburg Viral Diseases ; Lassa Fever ; Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever) ; Pneumonic Plague ; Control of Epidemics ; Quarantine ; International Health Regulations ; Travelling Medicine ; Tropical Diseases ; Emerging Diseases ; Public Health (Services) ; Civilian-Military Co-operation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary At present, the importation into Germany of life-threatening and highly contagious diseases such as pneumonic plague and Ebola is unlikely, but cannot be ruled out. In spite of the extreme rarity of these diseases, guidelines are necessary to prevent the spread of these agents in case of their importation. In Germany, marked regional differences exist with respect to the development of emergency regulations and the availability of specialized centers for diagnostics and therapy. A federal framework is missing. A concept is presented here in which the capacity to respond is substantially augmented with limited additional cost through inter-regional cooperation using existing infrastructure and federally standardized procedures.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein Einschleppen lebensbedrohender und zugleich hochkontagiöser Infektionskrankheiten wie Lungenpest oder Ebola-Fieber nach Deutschland erscheint zur Zeit nicht sehr wahrscheinlich, ist aber grundsätzlich nicht auszuschließen. Gerade wegen der Seltenheit des Auftretens einer solchen Erkrankung sind jedoch auch hierzulande Handlungsrichtlinien notwendig, um gegebenenfalls einer Verbreitung entgegenzuwirken. Die Entwicklung konkreter Schutzvorkehrungen und Handlungsalgorithmen sowie das Vorhalten geeigneter Diagnostik- und Behandlungseinrichtungen ist in den einzelnen Regionen Deutschlands sehr unterschiedlich ausgeprägt. Ein bundesweiter Rahmenplan fehlt. Der vorliegende Konzeptentwurf zeigt, wie die Vorsorge mit vertretbarem finanziellen Mehraufwand durch eine gemeinsame überregionale Nutzung der z. T. vorhandenen Infrastruktur und durch eine Vereinbarung bundeseinheitlicher Vorgehensweisen wesentlich verbessert werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1437-1588
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Tropenkrankheiten ; Virale hämorrhagische Fieber ; Lassa-Fieber ; Infektionsschutz ; Quarantäne ; BSL4 ; Seuchenhygiene ; Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen ; Rettungswesen ; Krankentransport ; Krankenpflege ; Schutzkleidung ; Kontaktpersonen ; Keywords Tropical Diseases ; Viral Haemorrhagic Fever ; Lassa-Fever ; Epidemic Control ; Preparedness Plans ; Quarantine ; BSL4 ; Patient Isolation ; Barrier Nursing ; Protective Equipment ; Contact Tracing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Patients infected with viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHF), pneumonic plague or zoonotic orthopoxvirus infections usually require intensive care and a special isolation. Contact persons must be traced and monitored. Last year our working group published a concept for the management and control of these life-threatening highly contagious diseases. Now the principles of our plan have been accepted. The development of guidelines for rapid reaction to those communicable diseases is an important task for all EU Member States. In Germany microbiological diagnosis is performed by a diagnostic centre (Biosafety-Level BSL4) and supported by a corresponding confirmation laboratory. At present four high security infectious disease units for patient care (HSIU) are available in Munich, Leipzig, Hamburg and Berlin. Another one located in Frankfurt will be functional by 2001. In addition to the HSIU a corresponding number of centres of competence shall be established in order to support and advise the hospitals initially treating the patients as well as the local public health officer. The risk categorisation for contact persons, which has been developed by our working group, has proved to be very useful in practice. Ambulances should be used for transfer of patients to the HSIU. So-called transport-isolators are not suitable for patients who are seriously ill. Air-based transport without using an isolator is a problem, since no decontamination procedure exists. As soon as the last HSIU in the Rhine Main area is working the centres of competence will be established. This will provide competent health care for VHF-patients and a convincing management for these kinds of threats to public health everywhere in Germany.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Verschiedene virusbedingte hämorrhagische Fieber (VHF), Pocken (humane Affenpocken) sowie Lungenpest erfordern besondere Maßnahmen zum Schutz des Krankenhauspersonals und anderer Personen vor Ansteckung. Kontaktpersonen müssen ermittelt und überwacht werden, um eine Ausbreitung zu verhindern. Ein im Mai 1999 veröffentlichtes Konzept zum Management und zur Kontrolle dieser lebensbedrohenden hochkontagiösen Infektionskrankheiten wurde inzwischen mit Fachöffentlichkeit und Gesundheitsbehörden diskutiert. Bei den zwischenzeitlich aufgetretenen Fällen bestätigte sich das vorgeschlagene Vorgehen : In Deutschland werden die mikrobiologische Diagnostik und Differentialdiagnostik zentral von einem Zentrum der biologischen Sicherheitsstufe BSL4 und einem entsprechenden Bestätigungslabor vorgenommen. Für Isolierung und klinische Behandlung der Patienten stehen vier Behandlungszentren zur Verfügung, ein fünftes soll im nächsten Jahr betriebsbereit sein. Die zunehmende Inanspruchnahme zeigt, dass sich die vorgesehene Schwerpunktversorgung durchsetzt. Handelsübliche Transportisolatoren sind für schwer kranke Personen nicht geeignet. Ohne deren Verwendung können Luftfahrzeuge jedoch nicht regelrecht dekontaminiert werden. Transporte sollen daher grundsätzlich auf dem Landweg erfolgen. Zur Unterstützung und Beratung der erstversorgenden Krankenhäuser und der örtlich zuständigen Amtsärzte sollen um die Behandlungszentren sog. Kompetenzzentren entstehen. Der Personal- und Platzbedarf bei der Versorgung eines an einem VHF Erkrankten in fortgeschrittenem Stadium ist höher als erwartet. Die adäquate Versorgung von Kranken in sog. Bettisolatoren ist nicht möglich. Routinelaboruntersuchungen müssen in der Behandlungseinheit erfolgen. Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung der Weiterverbreitung müssen stärker koordiniert werden. Die von uns vorgeschlagene Einteilung der Kontaktpersonen wird um eine Auflistung der empfohlenen Maßnahmen ergänzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 16 (1990), S. 23-28 
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Quality control ; Gamma camera ; Interlaboratory comparison ; ROC-curve ; Emission phantom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Some 28 nuclear medicine departments out of a total of 40 participated in a nationwide Austrian interlaboratory comparison of the imaging quality of gamma cameras. The participation was voluntary, and confidentiality of the individual results was guaranteed. The survey was completed within 2 months, employing instructors to administrate the tests. An emission phantom simulating a flood field with non-uniformities was imaged by 43 cameras, and 54 images were evaluated. The test images were read by the participants using a graded rating scale to indicate the probability of the presence of a non-uniformity in the various parts of the image. The rating data were used to construct individual ROC curves for each image. The area under the ROC curve was used as the ranking parameter for image quality. The results show a spread of the ROC areas between 0.6 and 0.99, with a median of 0.81. A correlation was found between the year of installation and the ROC area obtained from the gamma camera, indicating improvements of performance in more recent cameras, which accounts for part of the variation of the ROC areas. The remaining variations are due to differences in the performance of the gamma cameras. Feedback was provided to the participants by describing individual performance with respect to the true structure of the phantom and by comparing this performance with that of the group. A questionnaire accompanying the test phantom yielded information about the practice of routine quality control and about details of the acquisition and analysis of images. The survey demonstrated the feasibility and usefulness of interlaboratory comparisons of this type even for a small number of participants. The feedback was found by the participants to be helpful and stimulated awareness of the importance of quality control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Quality control ; Gamma camera ; Scanner
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sixteen European countries participated in this WHO-IAEA intercomparison for which transmission CAP (College of American Pathologists) thyroid and IAEA-WHO liver phantoms were used. A total of 257 laboratories submitted 428 image evaluation reports. Overall results showed differences in performance between the various countries but similarities in performance for two gamma camera subgroups defined by year of manufacture, before and after 1980. A unique review of current European liver imaging practice is presented in terms of technical parameters, imaging conditions and evaluation procedures, and quality control procedures. The WHO-IAEA intercomparison demonstrated the need to establish new, or to improve the existing, quality control programmes in certain countries. However, the large number of participating laboratories, 257 compared with 70 in the previous WHO study, (Volodin et al. 1985), shows that these international studies are serving a useful purpose in promoting quality control in nuclear medicine imaging laboratories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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