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  • Electronic Resource  (26)
  • 1995-1999  (26)
  • 1996  (26)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beam position monitor for the SPring-8 synchrotron : The 9th National conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3367-3367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Beam position monitors (BPMs) for the SPring-8 synchrotron have already been designed and manufactured. Each BPM pickup has four button-type electrodes, and the output signals from the electrodes are switched by fast PIN-diode and are measured by signal detection systems. Eighty BPMs and four detection systems are placed around the synchrotron. Calibration of beam position of the 80 BPMs was finished successfully. In this paper, we present the structure of the BPM pickup, the electronics of the signal detection system, and the calibration system. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147475
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of an imaging vacuum-ultraviolet monochromator in the normal incidence region (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3871-3876 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An imaging vacuum-ultraviolet monochromator has been developed to provide the space-resolved impurity line emissions from magnetically confined plasmas. With minor modifications of a commercial normal incidence monochromator, a pinhole entrance slit and a microchannel plate detector displaced away from the exit slit, the instrument performs two-dimensional spectroscopic observations in the wavelength range from 400 to 2000 A(ring). Ray tracing has been performed to understand the spatial imaging properties in the practical geometric configuration. The measured spatial resolution is about 0.5 and 1 mrad in dispersion and vertical plane, respectively, with the entrance slit of 0.1 mm width and height. The results of the testing experiments and the measurements carried out on the JIPP T-IIU tokamak plasma are presented and discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147515
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Co–Cr films prepared by sputtering using electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4896-4898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The sputtering deposition using an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) microwave plasma was tried to use in the fabrication of the Co–Cr perpendicular magnetic recording media. As the Ar sputtering gas pressure increased from 4×10−2 to 8×10−2 Pa, the Co(002) x-ray diffraction peak intensity increased and the half-value width of the rocking curve Δθ50 decreased. This result implies that Co–Cr films with high perpendicular orientation and good crystallinity are achieved at high Ar gas pressure. The Co–Cr films deposited at a target to substrate distance of 230 mm had a good preferred crystal orientation (Δθ50 less than 4°), high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (Hk higher than 4 kOe), and high perpendicular coercivity over 1400 Oe even though the Co–Cr thickness is as small as about 50 nm, and no underlayers were introduced. Thus, the ECR sputtering has high potential in the deposition of the Co–Cr films for ultrahigh density recording media. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361925
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron spin resonance studies in β-FeSi2 crystals (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 1678-1681 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electron spin resonance studies have been carried out in the temperature range 130–300 K on semiconducting β-FeSi2 single crystals grown by a chemical vapor transport technique. Two anisotropic doublets with apparent g factors in the range 2.025–2.05 and 1.98–2.03, as well as one complex signal having an isotropic g factor of 2.0195 and exhibiting a five-line hyperfine structure, have been detected. The doublet signals are believed to arise from spin triplet (S=1) states of, presumably, substitutional Ni2+ transition ions, whereas the signal exhibiting the hyperfine structure has been attributed to the spin of a hole, captured by silicon vacancy and interacting with nuclear spins of four iron atoms in the first shell surrounding of the silicon vacancy. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362967
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific heat of R3Co (R: La,Pr, and Nd) (abstract) : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6439-6439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It was reported that La3Co is an interesting superconductor which has a critical temperature Tc of 4.5 K. Pr3Co and Nd3Co are ferromagnetic materials, which have Curie temperatures of 10 and 25 K, respectively. It was claimed that their magnetic structures are associated with the canting moment reflected to the symmetry of their crystal structure. In this paper we present the results of the specific heat measurement in these compounds in the temperature range from 2 to 30 K by a standard adiabatic heat pulse method. Two phase transitions are observed at 8 and 25 K in Nd3Co. One of them at 25 K corresponds to the Curie temperature mentioned above. Another is the transition corresponds to the moment reorientation, which was observed in the thermomagnetic curves and electrical resistivity measurement. This results claim that the moments are canted in this compounds. Magnetic entropy reaches 90% of R ln 2 at 25 K. However, it increases above the Curie temperature because the crystalline electric field effects plays an important role in this compounds. There are two peaks of 10 and 12 K in Pr3Co. The above temperature corresponds the Curie temperature but another was unknown. Thus we performed the specific heat measurement for Pr7Co3, which is very close to the Pr3Co in the phase diagram. We could observe the phase transition at 12 K for Pr7Co3 in the specific heat measurement and electric resistivity measurement. It is clear that the phase transition at 12 K comes from impurity of Pr7Co3 in our Pr3Co compound. We prepare the good quality sample of Pr3Co and try to examine the specific heat measurement. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361964
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation mechanism of the AlInAs/GaInAs high electron mobility transistor due to fluorine incorporation (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 4075-4077 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electrical degradation of AlInAs/GaInAs high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) due to the fluorine contamination is quantitatively explained through the comprehensive annealing experiments and bias-temperature tests. The thermal degradation rate is found to be mainly determined by the following electrochemical reaction of fluorine with donor species after the quite fast diffusion of fluorine into the AlInAs layer. It is also confirmed that the thermal degradation is stringently affected by the electric field resulting in the one-sided degradation near the anode. These findings are valuable knowledges in improving the reliability of AlInAs/GaInAs HEMT under the dc accelerated life test at high temperature. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117823
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gram-negative bacterial flora on the root surface of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown under different soil conditions (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 273-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Wheat ; (Triticum aestivum) ; Rhizosphere ; Soil microflora ; Gram-negative bacteria ; API 20NE ; Flavobacterium spp. ; Cytophaga
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We identified 161 Gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from the root surface of wheat grown under different soil conditions. The strains were divided into seven groups based on major morphological and physiological properties. Taxonomic allocation of the groups was verified by guanine+cytosine contents of DNA. Except for one group, which may be assumed to include bacteria belonging to the genera Flavobacterium and Cytophaga, the various groups were taxonomically united. The distribution of the groups changed with soil improvement. Pseudomonads predominated in unimproved soil, but Flavobacterium and Cytophaga spp. were predominant in the most improved soil. As all the strains were non-fermentative by Hugh and Leifson‘s test, API 20NE identification was applied. However, many strains were misidentified by this system, especially in the Flavobacterium and Cytophaga spp. group. For ecological studies, the strains were classified to species level by the API 20 NE system and by the results of a combination of guanine+cytosine (mol%) and isoprenoid quinone data. The pattern of distribution of the bacteria on the root surface of wheat varied at species level within one genus depending on soil conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335955
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival of inoculant Bradyrhizobium japonicum in an Andosol (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 105-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Introduced Bradyrhizobium japonicum ; Survival ; Andosol ; Fluvisol ; Antibiotic resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The survival of an antibiotic-resistant mutant of a commercial inoculant Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain, A1017ks, was studied in a volcanic ash soil (Andosol) in comparison with a non-volcanic ash soil (Fluvisol) over a period of 84 days. In a non-sterile soil system, the population decline in the Andosol (15% or 1.2 log units) was larger than in the Fluvisol (6% or 0.54 log units). In both soils, however, the inoculant bradyrhizobium survived at fairly high population levels after the period of incubation [106 and 107 colony-forming units (CFU) g-1 dry soil in the Andosol and Fluvisol, respectively]. In sterile control soil, viable bradyrhizobium cells could not be detected after 1 week of incubation in the Andosol, whereas in the Fluvisol population of introduced bradyrhizobium was maintained throughout the period of incubation. Overall changes in the population of indigenous bacteria and fungi were also monitored. However, no clear pattern of interaction between the inoculant Bradyrhizobium japonicum and the indigenous microbes could be identified. The antibiotic-resistant mutant maintained its resistance in the Fluvisol throughout the 3-month period of incubation, making it a useful model for conducting ecological studies in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336048
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A proposal for re-evaluating the most probable number procedure for estimating numbers of Bradyrhizobium spp. (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 110-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Most probable number (MPN) ; Plate count ; Bradyrhizobium japonicum ; Nodulating scoring ; Soybean ; Glycine max
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The reliability of the most probable number (MPN) method for estimating bradyrhizobial numbers was evaluated by comparison with the plate count procedure. MPN estimates increased with time of nodulation scoring after seedling inoculation through 6 weeks of incubation. Ratios of MPN to plate counts increased as the bradyrhizobial cell suspension concentration increased. The MPN method could not detect Bradyrhizobium japonicum numbers at concentrations of 103 colony forming units (CFU) ml-1 and below. A proposal for re-evaluating MPN estimates is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336049
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A proposal for re-evaluating the most probable number procedure for estimating numbers of Bradyrhizobium spp. (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 110-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Most probable number (MPN) ; Plate count ; Bradyrhizobium japonicum ; Nodulatingscoring ; Soybean ; Glycine max
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The reliability of the most probable number (MPN) method for estimating bradyrhizobial numbers was evaluated by comparison with the plate count procedure. MPN estimates increased with time of nodulation scoring after seedling inoculation through 6 weeks of incubation. Ratios of MPN to plate counts increased as the bradyrhizobial cell suspension concentration increased. The MPN method could not detect Bradyrhizobium japonicum numbers at concentrations of 103 colony forming units (CFU) ml–1 and below. A proposal for re-evaluating MPN estimates is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336049
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