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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence that phosphorylase kinase exhibits phosphatidylinositol kinase activity (1986)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 25 (1986), S. 3867-3874 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00361a019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnocellular Dendrites: Prototypic Receiver/Transmitters (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 16 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The hypothalamic magnocellular neurones of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of mammals are among the best understood of all peptidergic neurones, and therefore serve as a model for understanding the functions of other peptidergic neurones. The release of vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing neurosecretory vesicles from their dendrites was first established 15 years ago. This local release is now known to have many functions, including controlling the interactions between oxytocin neurones and their surrounding glia, and facilitating and inhibiting the electrical activation of the neurones. Technical advances now permit dynamic analysis of dendritic release. Here, we review recent studies that focus on the conditional priming of dendritic peptide release by peptide-induced liberation of intracellular calcium, and the role of dendritic protein synthesis in the dendritic peptide release and the control of receptive properties of the neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0953-8194.2004.01182.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vasopressin Regulation of Noradrenaline Release Within the Supraoptic Nucleus (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 12 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of electrically evoked dendritic vasopressin release on noradrenaline release into the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus was assessed by in vivo microdialysis in conjunction with high pressure liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. Electrical activation of magnocellular supraoptic neurones by stimulation of their axons at the level of the neural lobe significantly increased noradrenaline release into the nucleus (2.5-fold, P〈0.03). This increase was completely blocked by administration of a nonpeptide vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist via the microdialysis probe. These data suggest that dendritically released vasopressin facilitates noradrenaline release into the hypothalamic nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2000.00516.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential mRNA Expression of the Two Mineralocorticoid Receptor Splice Variants Within the Human Brain: Structure Analysis of their Different DNA Binding Domains (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 12 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In human brain tissue, cortisol action, at basal concentrations, is mediated by the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). An in-frame insertion of 12 bp in the MR-DNA-binding domain due to alternative splice site usage between exons 3 and 4 results in an MR mRNA splice variant (MR+4) encoding a receptor protein with four additional amino acids compared to the wild-type MR protein. To elucidate the questions of sex, age, and/or tissue dependent differences of the relative amount of the two mRNA subtypes, we examined 131 fresh human brain tissue samples from temporal and frontal lobe or hippocampus. One hundred and twenty samples were obtained from patients with epilepsy and 11 samples from patients with brain tumours. A small but signi®cant difference of the MR+4 mRNA splice variant proportions in cortex (9.5t0.8%) and subcortical white matter (6.6t0.7%) of the temporal lobe could be detected, indicating differential MR splice variant expression within these brain areas. Moreover, the splice variant ratios in samples of the temporal lobe cortex collected from patients with epilepsy differed from samples of patients with brain tumours. These data point to an altered expression of the MR splice variants in epilepsy, and strengthen the supposition of a tissue speci®c alternative splicing of the MR mRNA. The frequent occurence of the MR+4 transcript raises the question of its functional signi®cance. For this reason, an MR+4 DNA-binding-domain structure model was generated by computer-based homology modelling based on the known glucocorticoid receptor structure. The data obtained revealed no distorting effect of the inserted four amino acids on the adjacent secondary structures, thereby suggesting that both zinc ®ngers retain their function. The resulting structure of the MR+4 model leads to the supposition that the receptor retains its function. Moreover, databank analysis with respect to this kind of steroid receptor variation and our own sequence data of the closely related progesterone receptor sustained the hypothesis that only corticosteroid receptors were affected by this alternative splicing event.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2000.00535.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbonic anhydrase and C4 photosynthesis: a transgenic analysis (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyses the first reaction in the C4 photosynthetic pathway, the conversion of atmospheric CO2 to bicarbonate in the mesophyll cytosol. To examine the importance of the enzyme to the functioning of the C4 photosynthetic pathway, Flaveria bidentis (L.) Kuntze, a C4 dicot, was genetically transformed with an antisense construct in which the cDNA encoding a putative cytosolic CA (CA3) was placed under the control of a constitutive promoter. Some of the primary transformants had impaired CO2 assimilation rates and required high CO2 for growth. The T1 progeny of four primary transformants were used to examine the quantitative relationship between leaf CA activity and CO2 assimilation rate. CA activity was determined in leaf extracts with a mass spectrometric technique that measured the rate of 18O exchange from doubly labelled 13C18O2. Steady-state CO2 assimilation rates were unaffected by a decrease in CA activity until CA activity was less than 20% of wild type when they decreased steeply. Transformants with less than 10% of wild-type CA activity had very low CO2 assimilation rates and grew poorly at ambient CO2 partial pressure. Reduction in CA activity also increased the CO2 partial pressure required to saturate CO2 assimilation rates. The present data show that CA activity is essential for the functioning of the C4 photosynthetic pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2003.01157.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical strain enhances proteoglycan message in fibroblasts from asthmatic subjects (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Remodelling of the asthmatic airway includes increased deposition of proteoglycan (PG) molecules. One of the stimuli driving airway remodelling may be excessive mechanical stimulation.Objective We hypothesized that fibroblasts from asthmatic patients would respond to excessive mechanical strain with up-regulation of message for PGs.Methods We obtained fibroblasts from asthmatic patients (AF) and normal volunteers (NF) using endobronchial biopsy. Cells were maintained in culture until the fifth passage and then grown on a flexible collagen-coated membrane. Using the Flexercell device, cells were then subjected to cyclic stretch at 30% amplitude at 1 Hz for 24 h. Control cells were unstrained. Total RNA was extracted from the cell layer and quantitative RT-PCR performed for decorin, lumican and versican mRNA.Results In unstrained cells, the expression of decorin mRNA was greater in AF than NF. With strain, NF showed increased expression of versican mRNA and AF showed increased expression of versican and decorin mRNA. The relative increase in versican mRNA expression with strain was greater in AF than NF.Conclusions These data support the hypothesis that proteoglycan message is increased in asthmatic fibroblasts subject to mechanical strain. This finding has implications for the mechanisms governing airway wall remodelling in asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01980.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die personennamen in Hans Jacob Christoffel von grimmelshausens simplicius simplicissimus. zu einem komplexen fall literarischer onomastik (1988)
    Springer
    Neophilologus 72 (1988), S. 66-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8668
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396068
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Diagnose sehr früher arteriosklerotischer Gefäßwandveränderungen mit Hilfe der Duplexsonographie (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 442-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Duplex Sonographie ; early atherosclerotic changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The technical evolution of ultrasonic equipment provides a high resolution imaging analysis of the vessel wall and thereby offers new possibilities in diagnosing very early atherosclerotic changes. The typical B-mode image in human and animal arteries shows parallel wall contures enclosing a hypoechcic space. In this study in Vitro-and in Vivo-experiments in rabbit aortas document the distance between these contures correlating histologically with a high cholesterol diet caused a broadening of the hypoechoic space in the rabbit aortic vessel wall. The data demonstrate that high resolution Duplex Sonography is a useful noninvasive approach for the detection of very early atherosclerotic changes in arterial vessel walls in a stage before plaques can be identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01725140
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haemophilia A: Carrier detection by DNA analysis (1988)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 57 (1988), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Haemophilia ; Heterozygotes ; DNA-Analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary From 46 families of predominantly German origin, afflicted with haemophilia A, 178 females were tested for carrier status. Two polymorphic restriction endonuclease sites, the extragenic marker locus DXS 52 (St 14 probe) and the intragenic Bcl I RFLP were investigated in these families. In some cases the results were corroborated by identifying (i) deletions within the factor VIII:C gene and (ii) eliminating a restriction endonuclease site. Two new alleles of the DXS 52 marker locus were found. According to this strategy, 27 women were classified as carriers and 74 as non-carriers. Forty-six women were classified as carriers according to pedigree analysis. Twenty-five females of families with sporadic cases and 6 test persons, who had mothers who where homozygous for the marker alleles, were diagnosed by additional use of conventional carrier detection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319731
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die intrazytoplasmatische Injektion von Spermatiden bei postmeiotischem Reifungsarrest (2000)
    Springer
    Der Gynäkologe 33 (2000), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0393
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Spermatogenesereifungsarrest ; Rundspermatiden ; Elongierte Spermatiden ; ICSI ; Key words Spermatogenic maturation arrest ; Round spermatid ; Elongated spermatid ; ICSI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The microinjection procedure is the established method of choice in treatment of severe male factor subfertility. Recent studies have shown that fertilization and cleavage of oocytes can be achieved even with the injection of immature sperm cells, such as round and elongated spermatids, offering a new treatment possibility for patients with postmeiotic maturation arrest. However, the rate of ongoing pregnancies is still low compared to the pregnancy rates achieved by injection of mature spermatozoa. Especially in the case of round spermatid injection, diverse difficulties arise for the IVF laboratory team, for example the identification and differentiation from other round cells in the sample and the lack of vitality marks. Recently, the use of immature gametes has been thought to lead to higher risks of genetic defects. Therefore the injection of immature sperms should be a method of choice only in cases of total absence of mature spermatids and free spermatozoa.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die intrazytoplasmatische Spermatozoeninjektion (ICSI) ist heute eine in der Routine etablierte Methode zur Behandlung schwerer Formen männlich bedingter Subfertilität. Neuere Untersuchungen haben ergeben, dass auch die Injektion unreifer Samenzellen, v. a. runder und elongierter Spermatiden, zur Fertilisierung und Teilung von Oozyten führen kann. Damit ergibt sich ein Ansatz, auch Kinderwunschpatienten mit postmeiotischem Reifungsarrest zu behandeln. Die Erfolge hinsichtlich ausgetragener Schwangerschaften reichen bis jetzt aber noch nicht an die durch Injektion von reifen Spermatozoen erzielten heran. Gerade bei der Injektion von Rundspermatiden ergeben sich für das IVF-Labor Schwierigkeiten bei der Identifikation und der Unterscheidung von anderen runden Zellen und den fehlenden Vitalitätskennzeichen. Außerdem wird z. Z. diskutiert, ob durch die noch nicht vollendete Reifung von Gameten das Risiko genetischer Defekte erhöht wird. Die Injektion unreifer Spermatozoenvorstufen wird deshalb vorerst eine Methode bleiben, die nur in wenigen spezialisierten IVF-Zentren durchgeführt werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001290050021
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