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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 642-644 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] If SCE rejoining occurs randomly between chromatid sub-units, the ratio of twin to single SCE should theoretically be 1:10 (ref. 2). Alternatively, if SCE rejoining is restricted due to inherent polarity, this ratio should theoretically be 1:2 (ref. 2). Experimental support for these alternatives ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 291 (1979), S. 77-86 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Sources of149Nd were produced by thermal-neutron irradiation of enriched148Nd. High resolution Ge(Li) spectrometers were used to collect gamma-ray singles and coincidence spectra in the study of the decay of 1.7-h149Nd. A total of 214 gamma rays have been assigned to the decay of149Nd, and 201 of these transitions have been placed in a level scheme of149Pm involving 42 excited states. Absolute values for the beta-group intensities were determined for transitions to the149Pm levels, and spin and parity assignments were made for many of the observed states. The experimentally determined level structure of149Pm was compared with corresponding levels in other odd-mass Pm and Eu nuclides. Interpretations were made in terms of the core-coupling model. Radioactive decay148Nd(n, γ)149Nd; measuredE γ,I γ,γ-γ coinc.149Pm deduced levels,J,π. Compton-suppression. Ge(Li) detector. Enriched targets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 283 (1977), S. 415-416 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The half life of the 376.7-keV level in111 Ag, populated in the decay of111 Pd isomers, has been determined to be 16±1 ns. Compton-suppressed γ-ray spectra and γγ coincidence spectra have also been taken. These data, combined with recent charged-particle transfer data establish 3/2+ as the spin and parity of the 376.7-keV111Ag level. Our observed lifetime and γ-ray branching can be interpreted as strong indications of shape isomerism in111Ag similar to that found in odd-mass In nuclides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The23Na NMR first order quadrupolar satellite lines are detected and studied in AgNa(NO2)2 single crystals near the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition. Although the intensities of the satellites are small the components of the electric field gradient tensor (EFG) at the23Na sites could be deduced from the angular dependence of the first order quadrupolar line splitting with respect to rotations around the three crystallographic axes by applying the Volkoff method. In the paraelectric phase the principal axes system of the EFG coincides with the crystallographic axes system whereas in the ferroelectric phase there is a strongly temperature dependent small non diagonal elementφ xz (T). The EFG principal componentsφ xx andφ yy are strongly influenced whereas the EFG principal componentφ zz is nearly not affected by the ferroelectric phase transition. The observed temperature dependences of the EFG components are related to the temperature variation of the normalized spontaneous polarizationS(T) by assuming a coupling term which is quadratic inS(T). Finally the problem of the intensities of the satellite lines is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 13 (1975), S. 235-258 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A computer model based on Monte Carlo techniques was developed to simulate the destruction of lunar rocks by ‘catastrophic rupture’ due to meteoroid impact. Energies necessary to accomplish catastrophic rupture were derived from laboratory experiments. A crater-production rate derived from lunar rocks was utilized to calculate absolute time scales. Calculated median survival times for crystalline lunar rocks are 1.9, 4.6, 10.3, and 22 m.y. for rock masses of 10, 102, 103, and 104 g respectively. Corresponding times of 6, 14.5, 32, and 68 × 106 yr are required, before the probability of destruction reaches 0.99. These results are consistent with absolute exposure ages measured on returned rocks. Some results also substantiate previous conclusions reached by others: the catastrophic rupture process is significantly more effective in obliterating lunar rocks compared to mass wasting by single particle abrasion. The view is also corroborated that most rocks presently on the lunar surface are either exhumed from the regolith or fragments of much larger boulders, rather than primary ejecta excavated from pristine bedrock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Mesenteric arteries – Gastrointestinal tract – Ischemia – Interventional procedures – Stents and prostheses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Spontaneous and isolated dissection of the superior mesenteric artery is a rare and often fatal event which has been successfully treated by surgery in several reported cases. We present a patient with acute mesenteric ischemia due to superior mesenteric artery dissection who was successfully treated by percutaneous endovascular placement of a Wallstent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  We examine the seasonal cycle of near-surface air temperature simulated by 17 coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Nine of the models use ad hoc “flux adjustment” at the ocean surface to bring model simulations close to observations of the present-day climate. We group flux-adjusted and non-flux-adjusted models separately and examine the behavior of each class. When averaged over all of the flux-adjusted model simulations, near-surface air temperature falls within 2 K of observed values over the oceans. The corresponding average over non-flux-adjusted models shows errors up to ∼6 K in extensive ocean areas. Flux adjustments are not directly applied over land, and near-surface land temperature errors are substantial in the average over flux-adjusted models, which systematically underestimates (by ∼5 K) temperature in areas of elevated terrain. The corresponding average over non-flux-adjusted models forms a similar error pattern (with somewhat increased amplitude) over land. We use the temperature difference between July and January to measure seasonal cycle amplitude. Zonal means of this quantity from the individual flux-adjusted models form a fairly tight cluster (all within ∼30% of the mean) centered on the observed values. The non-flux-adjusted models perform nearly as well at most latitudes. In Southern Ocean mid-latitudes, however, the non-flux-adjusted models overestimate the magnitude of January-minus-July temperature differences by ∼5 K due to an overestimate of summer (January) near-surface temperature. This error is common to five of the eight non-flux-adjusted models. Also, over Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude land areas, zonal mean differences between July and January temperatures simulated by the non-flux-adjusted models show a greater spread (positive and negative) about observed values than results from the flux-adjusted models. Elsewhere, differences between the two classes of models are less obvious. At no latitude is the zonal mean difference between averages over the two classes of models greater than the standard deviation over models. The ability of coupled GCMs to simulate a reasonable seasonal cycle is a necessary condition for confidence in their prediction of long-term climatic changes (such as global warming), but it is not a sufficient condition unless the seasonal cycle and long-term changes involve similar climatic processes. To test this possible connection, we compare seasonal cycle amplitude with equilibrium warming under doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide for the models in our data base. A small but positive correlation exists between these two quantities. This result is predicted by a simple conceptual model of the climate system, and it is consistent with other modeling experience, which indicates that the seasonal cycle depends only weakly on climate sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; Cerebral atrophy ; Arteriosclerosis ; Computed tomography ; CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Computertomographische Untersuchungen von Parkinsonkranken haben in einem hohen Prozentsatz Zeichen einer Hirnatrophie ergeben, in den meisten Fällen eine Kombination von kortikaler Atrophie und Ventrikelerweiterung. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde den Beziehungen zwischen Hirnatrophie und körperlichen Befunden, die eine Arteriosklerose anzeigen oder deren Entstehung begünstigen, wie Übergewicht, EKG-Veränderungen, Hypertonie, Verkalkungen der A. carotis interna und der Aorta sowie einer Aortenlongation nachgeganen. Die Untersuchung basiert auf 173 behandelten und unbehandelten Parkinsonkranken (89 Männer, 84 Frauen) im Alter von 37–84 Jahren (mittleres Alter 64,6 J.), bei denen eine Computertomographie nach durchschnittlich 5,4 Jahren Krankheitsdauer durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen einen Anstieg sowohl von pathologischen CT-Befunden als auch von Verkalkungen im Carotissiphon mit zunehmendem Alter. Zwischen den übrigen Merkmalen und dem Alter bestehen keine Zusammenhänge. Die weitere Analyse ergab eine statistisch relevante Beziehung lediglich zwischen Hirnatrophie und Karotissiphonverkalkungen, insbesondere solchen der Media. Da sowohl die hirnatrophischen Veränderungen als auch die Verkalkungen des Karotissiphons mit höherem Lebensalter korreliert sind, während alle übrigen Merkmale, die als Zeichen einer Arteriosklerose angesehen werden können, keine eindeutigen Beziehungen zum Ausmß hirnatrophischer Veränderungen zeigen, ist zu folgern, daß die Hirnatrophie im Rahmen der Parkinsonschen Krankheit nicht durch arteriosklerotische Veränderungen verursacht wird.
    Notes: Summary Computed tomographic examinations of parkinsonian patients revealed a high incidence of cerebral atrophy, in most cases a combination of cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement. The present study considered the relationship between cerebral atrophy and physical signs indicating or promoting arteriosclerosis such as overweight, electrocardiographic changes, hypertension, calcification of the internal carotid artery and aorta as well as elongation of the aorta. The study is based on 173 treated and untreated parkinsonian patients (89 men, 84 women) aged from 37–84 years (mean 64.6), on whom CT was performed about 5.4 years after the onset of the first symptoms of the illness. The results demonstrate an increase of pathological CT findings as well as of calcification in the carotid siphon with advanced age. No correlation was found between the other items and increasing age. Further analysis of the relationship between cerebral atrophy and signs of arteriosclerosis revealed only a statistically relevant correlation with calcification of the carotid siphon, especially with calcification of the media. Since pathological CT findings and calcification of the internal carotid artery are both related to advanced age, whereas all the other items which may be considered to be indications of arteriosclerosis do not have any clear relationship, it is concluded that the cerebral atrophy in Parkinson's disease is not caused by arteriosclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Levodopa – dopamine agonists – late motor complications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim in the current treatment of Parkinson's disease is to delay L-Dopa administration and to keep the L-Dopa dosage as low as possible. Such a treatment strategy can delay the onset of late motor complications and reduce their severity. L-Dopa remains the most potent anti-parkinsonian medication, but its use for the initial therapy of Parkinson's disease is limited to elderly patients. In all other cases, dopamine agonists, budipine, amantadine and selegiline are primarily used. With the occurrence of late motor complications continuous dopamine receptor stimulation becomes essential. In this situation, combination therapy has to be individualized, with dopamine agonists playing a key role. In addition, COMT inhibitors, budipine, amantadine and selegiline may be used. Anticholinergic drugs are of very limited importance in the current treatment of Parkinson's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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