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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of bond and etch-back silicon-on-insulator wafers by photoluminescence under ultraviolet excitation (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 231-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy under the ultraviolet (UV) light excitation has been used for the characterization of bond and etch-back silicon-on-insulator (BESOI) wafers. Since the UV light can excite only the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) layer and the SOI structure prevents the photoexcited carriers from diffusing into the base wafer, the PL light is emitted only from the SOI layer. We have detected defects induced during the photoassisted chemical etching process in BESOI wafers. The defect-related emission disappears and the electron-hole droplet signal appears after annealing at 800 °C for 30 min. This allows us to suggest that the annealed SOI layer is comparable in crystalline quality with that of conventional bulk Si wafers and that the recombination velocity at the interfaces is low. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118375
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of point defects on oxygen aggregation in Si at 450 °C (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 222-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The oxygen aggregation process at 450 °C has been investigated by comparing the distributions of the interstitial oxygen, the thermal donor (TD), and the defect responsible for the photoluminescence (PL) line at 0.767 eV in a rapidly cooled Czochralski-grown Si crystal in which point defects are frozen-in nonuniformly in the growth direction. The formations of the TD and the 0.767-eV PL defect are delayed in the vacancy-rich region, which is not explained by the oxygen variation. The present result leads us to suggest that the oxygen aggregation is retarded by excess vacancies, which is consistent with the reported models for the oxygen aggregation at 450 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112679
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Papovavirus detection by electron microscopy in the brain of an elderly patient without overt progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 569-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Papovavirus ; Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy ; Electron microscopy Elderly patient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Virions resembling papovavirus were demonstrated in glial cells in the brain of an aged patient without overt progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. The patient was not in a severely immunocompromised state. On histological examination, only a few tiny incomplete necrotic foci were found in the subcortical area. These foci were widely dispersed. Rare, swollen oligodendroglial cells and astrocytes in which papovavirus capsid protein (VP-1) was demonstrated immunohistochemically were present around the foci. The two typical types of virus particles i.e. 35 to 40 nm round particles and elongated particles, were observed in the nuclei of the swollen glial cells. The latter were in the minority. Distinct crystals were also found in the nuclei. The centre-to-centre distance of the particles in the crystals, about 40 nm, and the electron-opaque spots of the round-shaped virions and of the elongated particles, were indicative of structural subunits of papovavirus capsids. This case provides further evidence that papovavirus, possibly JC virus, may be reactivated in the brains of aged patients who are not in an immunocompromised state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191445
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of calcitonin gene-related peptide slow-release tablet implanted in CSF space for prevention of cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 1230-1240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; slow-release tablet ; subarachnoid haemorrhage ; cerebral vasospasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a known potent intrinsic cerebral vasodilator, is contained in the sensory nerves from trigeminal ganglia that inervate the cerebral arteries. We previously reported that human α CGRP (hCGRP) dilates spastic cerebral arteries after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in rabbits. In the present study, we investigated the prophylactic potential of a sustained higher cerebrospinal fluid level ofhCGRP against experimental cerebral vasospasm. AnhCGRP slow-release tablet (hCGRP s-r tablet) was developed for cisternal implantation. Experimental SAH was induced by percutaneous cisternal injection of autologous arterial blood. Angiography was initiated on day 1 (before SAH) and performed everyday. ThehCGRP s-r tablet was implanted into the cisterna magna on day 2 in the treated groups. The spastic response of the basilar artery was maximized on day 4 in the non-treated (80.7% of day 1) and the placebo-treated (79.3%) groups. In contrast, the arterial diameters on day 4 were 96.1% and 90.5% of day 1 in the groups implanted withhCGRP 24 μg and 153 μg s-r tablets, respectively. We also measured the concentration ofhCGRP in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following implantation of thehCGRP 24 μg s-r tablet in the cisterna magna. The hCGRP concentration before implantation was below the dectable level. Following implantation, thehCGRP level in the CSF was 23.12 nmol/L on the second day and remained at elevated levels until the fifth day. These experiments suggest that the intrathecal single implantation of thehCGRP s-r tablet could produce an elevated concentration ofhCGRP in the CSF over five days and have prevented the cerebral vasospasm after SAH in the rabbit. ThehCGRP s-r tablet may be clinically applicable in the treatment of patients with SAH against cerebral vasospasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01809753
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sporogony ofTheileria sergenti in the salivary glands of the tick vectorHaemaphysalis longicornis (1993)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 79 (1993), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sporogony ofTheileria sergenti in the salivary glands of the tick vectorHaemaphysalis longicornis was observed by light and transmission electron microscopy. Fission bodies that developed from kinetes were observed as masses (approximately 32×15 μm) that occupied half of the acinous cell at 2 days after the infestation of ticks. Parasites possessed an irregular nucleus of low electron density, highly electron-dense granules, and mitochondrion-like bodies in the cytoplasm. Parasites developed into a multinucleate syncytium, increasing in size and complexity. Subsequently, the nuclei of parasites became round and highly electron-dense, and tubelike structures and rhoptries as precursors of the highly electron-dense granules appeared in the cytoplasm. Approximately 40,000 sporozoites arose via radial budding from the syncytium that had developed from kinetes. As inT. parva, no evidence of discrete secondary or tertiary sporoblasts was found inT. sergenti. The sporogony ofT. sergenti was extremely similar to that ofT. parva.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931210
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theileria sergenti infection in the Bo-RBC-SCID mouse model (1993)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 79 (1993), S. 466-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously developed the Bo-RBC-SCID mouse model forTheileria sergenti infection. In the present study, this model was further examined to delineate the mode of parasite infection. The Bo-RBC-SCID mice were prepared by periodically transfusing uninfected bovine erythrocytes (Bo-RBCs) into splenectomized SCID mice via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. The mice, separated into three groups, were inoculated i.p., intravenously (i.v.), or subcutaneously (s.c.) withT. sergenti-infected Bo-RBCs. Examination of samples of peripheral blood demonstrated that the parasite infected mice inoculated via any one of the three routes. The mice inoculated i.v., however, developed parasitemia earlier than those inoculated i.p. or s.c. When Bo-RBC-SCID mice prepared without splenectomy were infected withT. sergenti, a high-level parasitemia appeared only once. After that, not only the level of parasitemia but also the number of Bo-RBCs in the peripheral blood rapidly decreased despite the continuation of Bo-RBC transfusions. The results suggest thatT. sergenti proliferates primarily in the circulating blood in Bo-RBC-SCID mice and that in response to the parasites growth, the spleen may play an important role in the removal of both parasitized and unparasitized Bo-RBCs from the blood circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931584
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum fromTheileria sergenti-infected cattle accelerates the clearance of bovine erythrocytes in SCID mice (1995)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 81 (1995), S. 470-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Anemia is a major clinical sign of Japanese bovine theileriosis caused byTheileria sergenti. To investigate the possible factors causing anemia in cattle, we developed a clearance test for bovine erythrocytes (Bo-RBC) in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Clearance of Bo-RBC in the SCID mice was significantly accelerated when the mice were inoculated with a serum sample obtained from an infected calf during a highly parasitized phase but not when they were injected with a serum sample obtained during the convalescence phase. Acceleration of the clearance of Bo-RBC was also observed in mice treated with merozoite extract. Furthermore, the clearance of Bo-RBC that had been treated with merozoite extract was accelerated. A significant hemolytic activity in infected serum (highly parasitezed phase) was observed. Activities sufficient to accelerate the clearance of Bo-RBC in SCID mice and to induce in vitro hemolysis of Bo-RBC were also observed with a merozoite extract fromT. sergenti. The results suggest a possible linkage between the in vitro hemolysis of Bo-RBC and the acceleration of Bo-RBC clearance in SCID mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931788
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid and sensitive identification of human blood by an ELISA-ABC method using a biotinylated antibody against human HbA0 (1990)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 103 (1990), S. 329-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Human blood identification, ELISA-ABC method ; Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ; Avidin-biotin complex (ABC) system ; Avidin-Biotin (AB)-Komplex-System ; Blutidentifizierung, ELISA-AB-Komplex-Methode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Beschreibung einer direkten ELISA-Methode unter Verwendung des Avidin-Biotin-Complexes zur Identifizierung winziger Mengen menschlichen Blutes. In dieser ELISA-ABC-Methode wurde ein Biotin-gebundener IgG-Antikörper (Ziege) gegen Human-HbA0 verwandt. Mit dieser Methode war menschliches Blut von dem Blut japanischer Affen und anderer Tiere sehr leicht unterscheidbar. Positive Reaktionen wurden nach einer Untersuchungszeit von etwa 3 Std. gewonnen. Minimale Hämoglobin-Präparationen zwischen 22 ng und 169 μg erwiesen sich als ausreichend, um eindeutige positive Reaktionen zu erzeugen. Der Test reagierte bis zu einer Blutverdünnung von 1∶640.000-fach positiv.
    Notes: Summary A direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using an avidin-biotin complex (ABC) system for the identification of human blood is described. In this ELISA-ABC method, in which biotin-labeled goat IgG antibody against human HbA0 was used, it was possible clearly to distinguish human blood from the blood of other species, including that of Japanese monkeys. It took about 3 h to obtain the results. Human Hb concentrations ranging from 22 ng to 169 μg produced a positive reaction, and the minimum detection limit in terms of the highest possible dilution of human blood was 1∶640,000.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01263037
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of ELISA-ABC method to the identification of minute human bloodstains (1991)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 104 (1991), S. 123-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Bloodstains ; Human origin identification ; Anti-HbA0 ; ELISA ; Avidin-biotin complex (ABC) system ; Blutfleck ; Menschenblutidentifizierung ; Anti-HbA0 ; ELISA ; Avidin-Biotin (AB)-Komplex-System
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine direkte ELISA-Methode unter Verwendung des Avidin-Biotin-Komplexes zur Identifizierung von menschlichem Blut an einem verdächtigen Blutfleck (ein Faden mit einer Länge von 1 cm) angewandt. In dieser ELISA-ABC-Methode wurde ein Biotin-gebundener IgG-Antikörper (Ziege) gegen Human-HbA0 verwandt. Mit dieser Methode war ein menschlicher Blutfleck von dem Blutfleck japanischer Affen und anderer Tiere sehr leicht unterscheidbar. Die minimalen Grenzen der postiven Reaktionen erwiesen sich beim Blutfleck mit unverdünntem Blut als 1 : 5, 120 (28 ngHb) verdünnte Extraktionsflüssigkeit und beim Blutfleck mit verdünntem Blut als 1 : 640 ≈ 1 : 1, 280 verdünntes Blut. Der Nachweis von Menschen-Hb im Blutfleck mit verdünntem Blut wurde mit 5% Ammoniak-Extraktionsflüssigkeit leichter erbracht als mit Flüssigkeit des Phosphatpuffersalzes.
    Notes: Summary Bloodstained threads (1 cm in length) were tested to identify human origin by a direct ELISA-ABC method using biotinylated antibody against human HbA0. By this method human bloodstains were clearly distinguishable from bloodstains of other species including Japanese monkey. The minimum detection lirait of bloodstains prepared from undiluted human whole blood was 1 : 5, 120 (28 ng Hb) and that of bloodstains from diluted human whole blood was 1 : 640 ≈ 1 : 1, 280. Human Hb was more easily detectable in bloodstains prepared from diluted human blood after extraction with 5% ammonia than after extraction with phosphate-buffered saline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01369714
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid and sensitive identification of human blood by an ELISA-ABC method using a biotinylated antibody against human HbA0 (1990)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 103 (1990), S. 329-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Human blood identification ; ELISA-ABC method ; Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ; Avidin-biotin complex (ABC) system ; Avidin-Biotin (AB)-Komplex-System ; Blutidentifizierung ; ELISA-AB-Komplex-Methode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Beschreibung einer direkten ELISA-Methode unter Verwendung des Avidin-Biotin-Complexes zur Identifizierung winziger Mengen menschlichen Blutes. In dieser ELISA-ABC-Methode wurde ein Biotin-gebundener IgG-Antikörper (Ziege) gegen Human-HbA0 verwandt. Mit dieser Methode war menschliches Blut von dem Blut japanischer Affen and anderer Tiere sehr leicht unterscheidbar. Positive Reaktionen wurden nach einer Untersuchungszeit von etwa 3 Std. gewonnen. Minimale Hämoglobin-Präparationen zwischen 22 ng and 169 μg erwiesen sich als ausreichend, um eindeutige positive Reaktionen zu erzeugen. Der Test reagierte bis zu einer Blutverdünnung von 1: 640.000-fach positiv.
    Notes: Summary A direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using an avidin-biotin complex (ABC) system for the identification of human blood is described. In this ELISA-ABC method, in which biotin-labeled goat IgG antibody against human HbA0 was used, it was possible clearly to distinguish human blood from the blood of other species, including that of Japanese monkeys. It took about 3 h to obtain the results. Human Hb concentrations ranging from 22 ng to 169 μg produced a positive reaction, and the minimum detection limit in terms of the highest possible dilution of human blood was 1:640,000.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00204453
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