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  • Electronic Resource  (44)
  • 1990-1994  (21)
  • 1985-1989  (17)
  • 1960-1964  (6)
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  • Electronic Resource  (44)
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carcinoma of the gallbladder in ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis (1991)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 34 (1991), S. 827-828 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Gallbladder ; Carcinoma ; Ulcerative colitis ; Primary sclerosing cholangitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors present the cases of two patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder complicating chronic ulcerative colitis. Both patients had concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis. Twelve such cases of gallbladder carcinoma have been reported in the literature. The presence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in patients with ulcerative colitis is associated with malignancy of the extrahepatic biliary tree. It is suggested that, if colectomy is necessary, the liver should be biopsied and a cholecystectomy performed if the gallbladder is deemed abnormal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02051079
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monophagy in a polyphagous grasshopper,Schistocerca shoshone (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 73 (1994), S. 255-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: grasshopper ; monophagy ; polyphagy ; Simmondsia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The feeding behavior of different populations of the grasshopper,Schistocerca shoshone, was investigated in the southwestern United States. Insects from three riparian populations, with a broad spectrum of plants available to them, tended to eat plants roughly in relation to their availability except that broad-leaved herbaceous plants were avoided. Insects from a desert population in a plantation ofSimmondsia fed exclusively on that plant, as did those from another population in the Tucson mountains, despite the availability of a range of other plants. Insects from a third desert population, near Portal, fed mainly onProsopis, the dominant woody plant. In detailed behavioral experiments in the laboratory, insects from Tucson mountains readily acceptedSimmondsia, and less readily acceptedProsopis. Three other common woody plants from the habitat were generally rejected without feeding. Insects from Portal acceptedProsopis andSimmondsia with approximately equal readiness. Breeding experiments suggested that the differences between the plantation insects and those from Portal was genetic and not induced by experience. The insects from both populations were potentially polyphagous and ate a wide range of plants in the laboratory if given no alternative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382477
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of fluvalinate on two-spotted spider mite dispersal, fecundity and feeding (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 71 (1994), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: fluvalinate ; pyrethroids ; spider mites ; Tetranychus urticae ; behaviour ; sub-lethal effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Residual deposits of fluvalinate caused two-spotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticae Koch, dispersal by running off (run-off) and spinning down (spin-down) from treated leaves. Run-off occured at concentrations from 0.0005 g a.i. 1−1 and reached a peak at 0.01 g a.i. 1−1. Spin-down was more predominant at concentrations above 0.01 g a.i. 1−1. Spin-down and run-off proportions varied with fluvalinate formulation. Oviposition was temporarily suppressed on fluvalinate-treated leaves, presumably because of an irritant effect which reduced feeding. An emulsifiable concentrate formulation caused the largest reductions in oviposition. Oviposition returned to the level exhibited by untreated mites two days after removal from treated surfaces. Oviposition and feeding were positively correlated and both declined reciprocally with increasing fluvalinate concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382382
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The importance of palpation in food selection by a polyphagous grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 6 (1993), S. 79-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: associative learning ; grasshopper ; palpation ; plant surface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The behavioral responses of final-instar nymphs of Schistocerca americanato a variety of acceptable and unacceptable plants were recorded. Palpation occurred on all plants and the palps are involved in both acceptance and rejection. On most unacceptable plants, rejection was at first dependent on biting the leaf, but subsequently on Lantana, Machaeranthera, Moms,and Physalis,rejection often occurred after palpation of the surface alone. This is consistent with the suggestion that associative learning occurs. This response did not wane even when the insects had been without food for over 2 h. There was also some evidence of an innate response to the surface characteristics of Physalis.The features of the surfaces that produced these responses were not determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049149
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between plant acceptability and suitability for survival and development of the polyphagous grasshopper,Schistocerca americana (Orthoptera: Acrididae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 7 (1994), S. 411-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: development ; food aversion learning ; grasshopper ; habituation ; plant acceptability ; polyphagy ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The feeding behavior of final-instar nymphs ofSchistocerca americana was observed when they first encountered plants that ranged in acceptability from being eaten in large amounts to not being eaten at all. Growth and survival on the same plants through the last stadium were also studied and the results combined as a suitability index to facilitate comparison with the behavior. Although the plants that were eaten most gave the highest suitability index and those that were not eaten permitted no survival, there was no simple relationship between the amounts eaten and the suitability for growth and survival. The possibility that the insects might become habituated to plants that were initially unacceptable was investigated, but no habituation was found over a 3-day period. It is suggested that food intake is largely determined by the presence of deterrent compounds in the less acceptable foods and that nutritional differences between the plants are likely to have been of minor importance. The behavior on some foods suggests that food aversion learning may be involved. It is concluded that the variability of the insects' behavior makes it impossible to predict the suitability of a plant from their immediate behavioral responses. In the field, insects may sometimes reject foods that would be suitable for survival and development, and feed on plants that are nutritionally deficient or even toxic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02025441
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of the64Ni(36S,34Si)66Zn reaction to measure the mass of34Si (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 321 (1985), S. 119-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The reaction64Ni(36S,34Si)66Zn atE=198 MeV has been used to measure the mass excess of34Si; a value of −19.971 −0.044 +0.037 MeV was obtained. This result which is in agreement with the previous value (−19.85±0.30 MeV) is in excellent agreement with recent shell-model mass predictions. The result is discussed within the context of the proposed region of deformation aroundZ=11,N=20.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411955
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insect behavior at the leaf surface and learning as aspects of host plant selection (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 215-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Behavior ; learning ; leaf surface ; wax ; insects ; food selection ; secondary compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Direct observations on the feeding behavior of insect herbivores are uncommon, but important. The important aspects of host-plant selection by phytophagous insects that have been revealed by such observations are the role of chemicals in the leaf surface, and learning. There are few detailed reports of behavior at the leaf surface, but these indicate that many, if not all, insects exhibit behavior pattenrs that can be interpreted as an examination of the quality of the surface and acceptance or rejection may follow without further testing. A number of experiments show that chemicals from the leaf surface commonly contribute to the acceptability or otherwise of a plant and in most cases so far the active chemicals are of widespread occurrence, not having a specific association with the host plant. Some experiments show that the association between surface chemicals and plant palatability is learned, but in other cases there is evidence of an innate response. Habituation to deterrent chemicals has been demonstrated in the laboratory, but not in the field. Food aversion learning also occurs and may be important in dietary switching by polyphagous insects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951806
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book review (1985)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 37 (1985), S. 306-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191664
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relation of the cabbage maggot, Hylemyia brassicae (Bouché), to decay in some cruciferous crops (1964)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 7 (1964), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Beziehung zweier Kohlfliegen-Populationen (Hylemyia brassicae Bouché) zu fäulniserregenden Bakterien an Kreuzblütlern in Verbindung mit dem von den Larven verursachten Schaden untersucht. 92 bez. 90% der Eier und 100 bez. 35% der Puparien, die sich an Kohlrüben und Chinakohl entwickelten, trugen pathogene Bakterien. Pathogene Kulturen wurden von 44% der Präpuppen-Häute aus Puparien der Chinakohl-Populationen erhalten. Die Larven vermochten fäulniserregende Bakterien wirksam auf gesunde Gewebe zu übertragen und förderten die Entwicklung und Ausbreitung der Fäule. Beim Schlüpfen waren die Imagines innerlich nicht stark kontaminiert, beschmierten sich aber offenbar äußerlich durch Kontakt mit dem Inneren der Puppengehäuse und der Präpuppen-Häute. Ein als Erwinia spec. identifizierter Bakterientyp konnte durchgängig von allen Stadien der Kohlfliege isoliert werden, die sich an Kohlrüben entwickelten. Er verursacht bei Kohlrüben eine langsame nekrotische Fäulnis und dunkle Verfärbung der befallenen Gewebe. Dieses Bakterium scheint antagonistisch zu anderen Bakterien zu sein, da nur sehr wenige andere Keime mit Stadien der Insekten dieser Population vergesellschaftet gefunden wurden. Umgekehrt fanden sich viele verschiedene Bakterientypen auf Stadien der auf dem Chinakohl lebenden Kohlfliegen. Die Virulenz der pathogenen Kulturen variierte beträchtlich, jedoch verursachten alle irgendeine Art der Weichfäule. Einige dieser aus dem Inneren oberflächlich sterilisierter Puparien isolierten Kulturen wurden als Pseudomonas spec. and Aerobacter spec. bestimmt. Die Art der bakteriellen Kontamination der Kohlfliege scheint hauptsächlich von der Empfänglichkeit ihrer kreuzblütigen Wirtspflanzen gegenüber verschiedenen Typen der Fäulnis nach Verletzung durch die Kohlfliegenmaden abhängig zu sein. Die allgemeinen Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Insekt und den fäulniserregenden Bakterien werden beschrieben.
    Notes: Abstract Bacteria pathogenic to crucifers were isolated from 92% of the eggs from flies of the cabbage maggot, Hylemyia brassicae (Bouché) of a population from rutabaga (Swede; Brassica napus napobrassica) and from 90% of those from a population from Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis). The larvae transmitted the decay-causing bacteria to healthy tissues and aided in the development and spread of the rot. Of bacterial isolates from the interior of surface-sterile puparia, decay was caused by 100% of those from the rutabaga population and 35% of those from Chinese cabbage. Pathogenic cultures were also obtained from 44% of the prepupal linings of the Chinese cabbage population. The light internal contamination of adults at eclosion showed that the flies became contaminated externally from the interior of the puparia. The two populations of H. brassicae studied were contaminated with distinctly different types of bacteria. Erwinia sp., the predominant isolate from the rutabaga population, grew best on rutabaga. It caused a slow necrotic collapse and a dark pigmentation of the tissues, but not a soft-rot. Many different types of bacterial contaminants were associated with the stages of the cabbage maggot from Chinese cabbage. Green pigmenting, non-pathogenic forms were very prevalent. All pathogenic cultures caused some type of soft-rot. Some of these cultures were identified as Pseudomonas sp. and Aerobacter sp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369164
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exsolution intergrowths of titanian ferrocolumbite and niobian rutile from the Weinebene Spodumene Pegmatites, Carinthia, Austria (1989)
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 40 (1989), S. 197-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Keywords: Tantalum ; Niobium ; Titanium ; Columbite ; Rutile ; Mineralogy ; Geochemistry ; Pegmatite ; Austria ; Ostalpen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Titan-Ferrocolumbit ist ein seltenes Akzessorium in den Spodumenpegmatiten der Weinebene, Kärnten, Österreich. Er enthält entmischten niobhaltigen Rutil und selten Einschlüsse von möglicherweise primärem Zinnstein. Die Zusammensetzung des TitanFerrocolumbits ist relativ homogen und weist die folgenden Elementverhältnisse auf. Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0,24 – 0,33, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0,09 – 0,13 (Atomverhältnisse) und 0,47 – 0,88 Ti pro 12 Kationen (2,7 - 5,0Gew.%TiO2). Natürlich auftretende Kristalle sind strukturell merklich ungeordnet und erlangen durch Erhitzen einen höheren Ordnungsgrad. Die Mn/(Mn + Fe) sowie Ta/(Ta + Nb) Verhältnisse des niobhaltigen Rutil betragen 0,00 – 0,04 bzw. 0,26 – 0,38. Der niobhaitige Rutil ist im Vergleich zu Mn- und Nb-führendem Ferrocolumbit an Fe, Ta, Ti und Sn angereichert.—Die Seltenheit von Nb, Ta-Oxiden in den spodumenführenden Pegmatiten der südlichen Ostalpen steht in Übereinstimmung mit ihrer Zugehörigkeit zum Albit-Spodumen Typ der selten-Element-führenden Pegmatite (rare-element pegmatites).
    Notes: Summary Titanian ferrocolumbite is a rare accessory mineral in the spodumene-bearing pegmatites at Weinebene, Carinthia, Austria. It contains abundant exsolved niobian rutile and scarce inclusions of cassiterite that may be primary. The titanian ferrocolumbite is relatively homogeneous with Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.24–0.33, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.09–0.13 (atomic ratios) and 0.47–0.88 Ti per 12 cations (2.7–5.0 wt.% TiO2). Natural specimens are considerably disordered but become more ordered on heating. Niobian rutile has Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.00–0.04 and Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.26–0.38; it concentrates Fe, Ta, Ti and Sn relative to the Mn- and Nb-enriched ferrocolumbite. The overall scarcity of Nb, Ta-oxide minerals in the spodumene-bearing pegmatites of southern Ostalpen conforms to their general features ranking them with the albite-spodumene type of rare-element pegmatites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01164489
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