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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1965-1969  (4)
  • 2002  (2)
  • 1991  (3)
  • 1968  (4)
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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1965-1969  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultraviolet light assisted oxygenation process for submicron YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin film devices (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 5411-5418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have successfully fabricated superconducting nanobridges and grain-boundary junctions from epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films with thickness between 20 and 30 nm and width down to ∼100 nm. The patterning process turned out to severely deteriorate the transport properties resulting in structural damage, corrosion, and oxygen loss. The most crucial steps are the baking procedure used to cure the electron beam resist, the resist development, and the ion beam etching process. By optimizing these steps and applying a suitable post-treatment procedure a significant enhancement of the sample quality could be achieved. An ultraviolet light assisted oxygenation procedure after the patterning process enabled us to achieve superconducting transition temperatures between 80 and 87 K and critical current densities at 4.2 K up to 4×107 A cm−2 for the nanobridges and 5×103–2×105 A cm−2 for the grain boundary junctions. At 4.2 K junctions with width down to 100 nm corresponding to a junction area down to 2.3×10−3 μm2 showed superconductivity. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1459599
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High poloidal beta equilibria in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor limited by a natural inboard poloidal field null (1991)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 3 (1991), S. 2277-2284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Recent operation of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [Plasma Phys. Controlled Nucl. Fusion Research 1, 51 (1986)] has produced plasma equilibria with values of Λ≡βp eq+li/2 as large as 7, εβp dia≡2μ0ε〈p⊥〉/〈〈Bp〉〉2 as large as 1.6, and Troyon normalized diamagnetic beta [Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 26, 209 (1984); Phys. Lett. 110A, 29 (1985)], βNdia≡108〈βt⊥〉aB0/Ip as large as 4.7. When εβp dia(approximately-greater-than)1.25, a separatrix entered the vacuum chamber, producing a naturally diverted discharge that was sustained for many energy confinement times, τE. The largest values of εβp and plasma stored energy were obtained when the plasma current was ramped down prior to neutral beam injection. The measured peak ion and electron temperatures were as large as 24 and 8.5 keV, respectively. Plasma stored energy in excess of 2.5 MJ and τE greater than 130 msec were obtained. Confinement times of greater than 3 times that expected from L-mode predictions have been achieved. The fusion power gain QDD reached a value of 1.3×10−3 in a discharge with Ip=1 MA and εβp dia=0.85. A large, sustained negative loop voltage during the steady-state portion of the discharge indicates that a substantial noninductive component of Ip exists in these plasmas. Transport code analysis indicates that the bootstrap current constitutes up to 65% of Ip. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) ballooning stability analysis shows that, while these plasmas are near, or at the βp limit, the pressure gradient in the plasma core is in the first region of stability to high-n modes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859647
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of Aβ peptides by estrogen in mouse models (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 80 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Clinical studies have shown that estrogen deprivation through menopause is a risk factor in both the initiation and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that estrogen replacement therapy may be protective. One of the major pathological features in the human AD brain is the senile plaque, a proteinaceous structure composed mainly of heterogeneous peptides collectively known as A-beta (Aβ). In vitro studies have linked estrogen with Aβ modulation, suggesting that one-way that estrogen depletion at menopause may exacerbate the features of AD is through Aβ accumulation. To test this, two studies were performed on transgenic models of amyloidosis. Firstly, transgenic mice without detectable amyloid aggregates were subjected to ovariectomy and estradiol supplementation, and Aβ levels were assessed. Secondly, the effects of estrogen modulation were assessed in mice at an age when plaques would be forming initially. Overall, Aβ levels were higher in estrogen-deprived mice than intact mice, and this effect could be reversed through the administration of estradiol. These data suggest that, in vivo, estrogen depletion leads to the accumulation of Aβ in the CNS, which can be reversed through replacement of estradiol. These results provide evidence that post-menopausal estrogen depletion may be linked to an increased risk of AD through Aβ modulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0022-3042.2001.00690.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gesund oder krank? (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das vorgeschlagene System, in das sich weitaus die meisten Probanden einordnen lassen, mag grob erscheinen und krankheitsspezifische Besonderheiten zu wenig berücksichtigen, wie es die „Indices“ und „Scores“ [4, 5, 11] tun. Es könnte aber für eine einfache Klassifikation hilfreich sein und der begrifflichen Schärfe dienen. Fließende Übergänge zwischen den einzelnen Gruppen habe ich besonders betont.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01649044
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein Beitrag zur Frage der Thrombozytenkonservierung (1968)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 18 (1968), S. 82-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01632411
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Messung der Thrombocytenaggregation mit einem elektronischen Partikelzählgerät (1968)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 1207-1215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A new method is described for the determination of platelet aggregation with the Coulter-Counter. This method has the following advantages: the results are well reproducible, the determinations are performed within a few seconds, only small amounts of platelet rich plasma are needed, changes in size and shape of platelets in the presence of aggregating substances may be determined as well as volume distribution of platelets and aggregates. With this method the following results have been obtained: 1. Aggregation leads to a decrease in the number of particles with volumes of free platelets and to an increase in particles with larger volumes. 2. The overall volume of platelets is not changed during aggregation. 3. Platelets desintegrate following prolonged exposure to CaCl2 and in high concentrations of protamin sulfate. 4. The volume distribution curve of platelets before and after aggregation is composed of 2 log-normal populations. One population corresponds to the free platelets, the other to aggregates. The aggregates have a 3–5 fold volume compared to free platelets. 5. A small increase in platelet volume could be observed in the presence of aggregating substances. This effect ist not specific and can be produced also by substances, which do not influence platelet aggregation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine neue Methode zur Messung der Thrombocytenaggregation mit Hilfe eines elektronischen Partikelzählgerätes angegeben. Dieses Verfahren bietet folgende Vorteile: Genaue Reproduzierbarkeit der Meßergebnisse, zeitsparender Meßvorgang, geringe Mengen an thrombocytenreichem Plasma zur Bestimmung des Agglomerationsgrades und der Volumenverteilungskurven, Ausschluß subjektiver Fehlermöglichkeiten, Erfassung von Formänderungen der Thrombocyten unter dem Einfluß agglomerationsauslösender Substanzen'sowie Bestimmung der Größenverteilung von Thrombocyten und Agglomeraten. Mit Hilfe dieser Methode konnten folgende Ergebnisse erzielt werden: 1. Durch den Aggregationsvorgang kommt es zu einer Abnahme an freien Thrombocyten und zu einer Zunahme der Partikel mit größeren Volumina. Die Beziehung zwischen Partikelzahl und Schwelleneinstellung ergibt in der semilogarithmischen Darstellung eine Gerade. 2. Das Gesamtvolumen der Thrombocyten wird durch die Aggregation nicht verändert. 3. Nach längerer Einwirkung (CaCl2) oder bei Anwendung hoher Konzentrationen (basische Polypeptide) der agglomerationsauslösenden Substanzen kommt es zu einem Zerfall der Aggregate in Zelltrümmer. Durch den Plättchenzerfall wird das Gesamtvolumen der Thrombocyter ozw. Aggregate vermindert. 4. Die im thrombocytenreichen Plasma bestimmten Volumenverteilungskurven vor und nach Aggregation bestehen formal aus 2 log-normal verteilten Populationen; die eine Population entspricht den freien Thrombocyten, die andere den Aggregaten, die etwa das 3–5fache Volumen der freien Thrombocyten erreichen. 5. Zugabe von aggregationsauslösenden Substanzen zu Thrombocyten führt zu einer geringen Zunahme der Plättchenvolumina. Dieser Effekt ist unspezifisch und kann auch durch Substanzen ausgelöst werden die den Agglomerationsvorgang nicht beeinflussen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01710855
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine elektronische Methode zur Bestimmung der Thrombocytenaggregation sowie der Größe der entstandenen Agglomerate (1968)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 960-960 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A new method is described for the determination of platelet aggregation. With this method volume distribution of platelets before and after aggregation can be measured.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Methode zur Messung der Thrombocytenaggregation und der Volumenverteilungskurven von Thrombocyten vor und nach dem Agglomerationsvorgang angegeben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01747165
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über eine einfache Methode zur quantitativen Bestimmung der Gerinnselretraktion und ihre Anwendungsmöglichkeiten (1968)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A method for testing platelet function by measuring the retraction of platelet rich plasma is given. By use of 0,45 ml platelet rich plasma only it is possible, to judge the function of platelets even in cases of thrombocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Some clinical cases are reported in which retraction and investigations of the platelet enzymes do well correspond.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Als Plättchen-Funktionsprüfung wird eine einfache Retraktions-Methode beschrieben, die es unter Verwendung von nur 0,45 ml plättchenreichem Plasmas gestattet, auch bei Thrombocytosen oder Thrombopenien Aussagen über den Funktionszustand der Blutplättchen zu machen. An Hand einiger klinischer Beispiele wird die gute Übereinstimmung von Retraktion und enzymchemischen Untersuchungsbefunden an den Blutplättchen gezeigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01727369
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative analysis of the intrinsic muscles of the hand (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Clinical Anatomy 4 (1991), S. 265-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0897-3806
    Keywords: biomechanics ; anatomy ; fingers ; forces ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Miscellaneous Medical
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: As part of a study involving three-dimensional modeling of the hand, the intrinsic muscles of the hand were evaluated quantitatively to estimate the range of muscular forces crossing the fingers. The Brand method of dissection allowed determination of muscle volume, fiber length, and physiologic cross section to estimate the maximal force. The intrinsic muscles were grouped by components on the basis of their origins in the trilaminar scheme of Cunningham as (1) dorsal abductors from the central ray, exemplified by the bipennate dorsal interossei; (2) the intermediate layer consisting of inter-phalangeal joint extensors, exemplified by the unipennate palmar interossei with insertions into the extensor expansion; and (3) a superficial layer of adductors arising from the third metacarpal ridge, referred to as contrahentes.The fiber lengths of either component of the dorsal interossei averaged 1.3 cm. The intermediate layer of muscle, numbered as flexores breves (FB), included the palmar interossei FB4,7,9; the superficial components of the dorsal interossei FB3,5,6,8; and the accessory adductor pollicis FB2. Fiber lengths averaged 1.7 cm. The superficial heads of the flexor pollicis brevis and abductor digiti quinti are possibly the border representations of the intermediate layer as FB1 and FB10. The thenar muscles made up 37%, dorsal interossei 24%, palmar interossei (flexores breves) of the fingers 16%, lumbricals 7%, and hypothenar muscles 16% of the total intrinsic muscle mass.The ratio of muscle mass to fiber length, the physiologic cross-sectional area, is useful in estimating available force.This quantitative analysis of the intrinsic musculature may find application in the understanding of hand function and biomechanics.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ca.980040405
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