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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (6)
  • 1993  (6)
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (6)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic mode force microscopy for the detection of lateral and vertical electrostatic forces (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 2573-2575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this letter, a variant of scanning force microscope for detecting attractive forces is reported. The force gradients of the attractive forces acting in two orthogonal directions were detected simultaneously from the resonant frequency shifts of a cantilever oscillating in two directions. Using the fine electrode sample, the distributions of the electrostatic forces acting in lateral and vertical directions were visualized separately.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110437
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical localization of cathepsins B, D and L in the rat osteoclast (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 99 (1993), S. 411-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunohistochemical localization of cathepsins B, D and L in the osteoclasts of rat alveolar and femoral bones was investigated by using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method for semithin, 1-μm-thick cryosections. Extracellular immunoreactivity for cathepsins B and L was clearly demonstrated along the bone resorption lacunae; the intensity of the extracellular immunoreactivity of cathepsin L was stronger than that of cathepsin B. However, the intracellular immunoreactivity of both cathepsins was weak compared with that of cathepsin D. The intracellular immunoreactivity of cathespin D in the osteoclasts was clearly observed in the granules and/or vacuoles, but extracellular cathepsin D immunoreactivity was either negligible or not detected along the resorption lacunae. In the adjacent sections stained with anti-cathepsin L or D, extensive extracellular deposition of cathepsin L was found along the bone resorption lacunae, with or without osteoclasts, although the intracellular reactivity of cathepsin L was weak. This is the first morphological study in which cathepsins B and L have been demonstrated to be produced in the osteoclasts and extensively secreted into resorption lacunae, and in which cathepsin D was found to be present in the cells but scantily secreted into the lacunae. These findings suggest that cathepsins B and L directly and effectively participate in the degradation of the bone matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00717054
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Horizontal canal input to upper cervical commissural neurons (1993)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 92 (1993), S. 549-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Upper cervical ; Commissural neurons ; Horizontal canal input ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied in decerebrate, paralyzed cats, the effect of sinusoidal yaw rotation on upper cervical commissural neurons. The activity of some neurons was modulated by this stimulus, and they were classified as receiving input from the horizontal semicircular canal. The responses, which were mainly type II, were well correlated with the velocity of the stimulus. These commissural neurons, some of them propriospinal, transmit horizontal canal signals to the contralateral ventral horn, presumably to motoneurons, as well as to more caudal levels of the spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229046
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus from African white-crowned mangabey monkeys (Cercocebus torquatus lunulatus) (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 129 (1993), S. 77-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Forty-eight of 236 sera from seven species of African non-human primates in Kenya, including those of white-crowned mangabey monkeys (Cercocebus torquatus lunulatus) had antibodies to simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs). Isolates of simian lentivirus were obtained from seropositive white-crowned mangabey monkeys which are indigenous in West Africa. This virus, designated as SIVWCM, appeared morphologically similar to HIV by electron microscopy, showed Mg2+-dependent reverse transcriptase activity, and induced cytopathic effects in human CD 4-positive cells. Western blotting analysis revealed thatenv products of SIVWCM cross-reacted with those of SIVAGM more strongly than with those of HIV-1 and SIVMAC, and clear hybridization bands were detected with an SIVAGM probe. For comparison of the virus sequence with those of other primate lentiviruses, part of thepol gene and the long terminal repeats (LTRs) were amplified and cloned. Sequencing showed that SIVWCM isolates were closely related to SIVAGM isolates. This study suggested that SIVAGM from theCercopithecus genus and SIVWCM from theCercocebus genus may be members of an SIV group that is genetically distinct from the SIV from a sooty mangabey monkey (SIVSMM) of the genusCercocebus, to which the white-crowned mangabey monkey also belongs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01316886
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental study of non-equilibrium vapour condensation in a shock-tube (1993)
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 28 (1993), S. 513-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Filmwise non-equilibrium condensation of methanol vapour is investigated on a shock-tube endwall behind a reflected shock wave. The theoretical prediction of a transition phenomenon during the growth of a liquid film is experimentally demonstrated: the film grows approximately in proportion to the time at the early stages after the reflection of the shock wave and, after a transition period, it grows in proportion to the square root of the time. The condensation parameter of the vapour is obtained from the conformity between experiment and theory. It is found that the condensation parameter of the methanol vapour is of the magnitude of one tenth of the value for the complete capture of the molecules on the liquid surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00624680
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition rates of titanium nitride plates prepared by chemical vapour deposition of TiCl4+NH3 system (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 6446-6449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Titanium nitride plates (TiNx,x = 0.74−1.0, about 2 mm thick maximum) were prepared by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) using TiCI4, NH3 and H2 as source gases. The effects of CVD conditions, i.e. gas molar ratio (m N/Ti = NH3/TiCI4) and deposition temperature (Tdep), on deposition rates and surface morphology were examined, and the deposition mechanism of the CVD-TiNx plates was discussed. The relationship between mN/Ti and deposition rates showed a maximum peak at certainm N/Ti, and this maximum peak shifted to lowerm N/Ti with increasingT dep. The activation energy for the formation of CVD-TiNx plates was about 80 kJ mol−1 in the lower temperature range. The decomposition reaction of NH3 gas could be associated with the rate-controlling step. At higher temperatures, the diffusion process may be the rate-controlling step, and a large amount of powder (mainly NH4Cl) was formed in the gas phase. The highest deposition rate obtained in the present work was 1.06×10−7 ms−1 (0.38 mmh−1) atT dep = 1773 K andm N/Ti = 0.87.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01352211
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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