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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pion absorption reactions on N, Ar and Xe (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 9 (2000), S. 537-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS. 25.80.Ls Pion inclusive scettering and absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The absorption of π+ on Ar was studied at pion energies of 70, 118, 162, 239 and 330MeV, and on N and Xe at 239MeV. Twenty-six absorption reaction channels with at least two energetic charged particles in the final state have been evaluated. Partial cross-sections have been determined according to the number of protons, neutrons and deuterons in the final state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500070010
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein neues resorbierbares Knochen-Knorpel-Ersatztransplantat (2000)
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 29 (2000), S. 151-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Bioimplantat • Biomechanik •¶Knorpeldefekt • Knorpelregeneration •¶Mesenchymale Zelldifferenzierung ; Key words Bioimplant • Biomechanics • Cartilage ¶defect • Cartilage repair • Mesenchymal cell differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Hyaline cartilage is thought to be unable to regenerate. All efforts so far – including autologous chondrocyte cell transplantation – to reconstruct cartilage defects in joints have not been totally convincing. However, mesenchymal cells are able to differentiate into chondrocytes under mechanical pressure conditions. In this study, an open porous resorbable two-layer “bioimplant” was constructed in which mechanical pressure was exerted onto mesenchymal cells when migrated into the open porous structure of the bioimplant. Differentiation of the cells into chondrocytes was thus induced. The bioimplants were implanted into the medial condyles of nine rabbits and left in place for eight or twelve weeks, respectively. In seven of these cases, cartilage formation was found, in contrary to the controls in which only connective tissue and bone had grown into the empty holes. The new bioimplants have proven their effectiveness in cartilage defect repair and might evolve in the future as a new alternative treatment of full thickness defects of joint surfaces.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Gelenkknorpel gilt in der Regel als nicht regenerationsfähig. Bis jetzt durchgeführte Versuche zur Wiederherstellung des Gelenkknorpels, inklusive der Knorpelzelltransplantation, zeigten wenig erfolgversprechende Ergebnisse. Jedoch gibt es Hinweise, dass unter Druckbelastung mesenchymale Stammzellen sich in Knorpelzellen differenzieren können. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde ein offenporiges resorbierbares, zweischichtiges „Bioimplantat“ konstruiert, das nach Implantation in einen Knochen-Knorpel-Defekt die physiologischen Druckverhältnisse nachahmt und so eine Differenzierung von mesenchymalen Stammzellen zu hyalinem Knorpel ermöglicht. An 9 Kaninchen wurde dieses Bioimplantat an Knochenknorpeldefekten des Femurkondylus über 2 verschiedene Zeiträume erprobt und mit Leerlochversuchen verglichen. Durch die Bioimplantate gelang es im Gegensatz zu den Leerlochversuchen in 7 von 9 Fällen Bereiche mit hyalinartigem Knorpel zu induzieren. Die Methode scheint einen neuen erfolgsversprechenden Ansatz zur Reparation von Knorpeldefekten darzustellen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00003710
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CP-123,369: A potent, orally active immunosuppressive agent (1995)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 44 (1995), S. S183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01778322
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the SOFA score: a single-center experience of a medical intensive care unit in 303 consecutive patients with predominantly cardiovascular disorders (2000)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 26 (2000), S. 1037-1045 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Severity of illness index ; Multiple organ failure ; Critically ill ; Morbidity ; Organ failure ; Outcome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the use of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, the total maximum SOFA (TMS) score, and a derived variable, the ΔSOFA (TMS score minus total SOFA score on day 1) in medical, cardiovascular patients as a means for describing the incidence and severity of organ dysfunction and the prognostic value regarding outcome. Design: Prospective, clinical study. Setting: Medical intensive care unit in a university hospital. Patients: A total of 303 consecutive patients were included (216 men, 87 women; mean age 62 ± 12.6 years; SAPS II 26.2 ± 12.7). They were evaluated 24 h after admission and thereafter every 24 h until ICU discharge or death between November 1997 and March 1998. Readmissions and patients with an ICU stay shorter than 12 h were excluded. Main outcome measure: Survival status at hospital discharge, incidence of organ dysfunction/failure. Interventions: Collection of clinical and demographic data and raw data for the computation of the SOFA score every 24 h until ICU discharge. Measurements and main results: Length of ICU stay was 3.7 ± 4.7 days. ICU mortality was 8.3 % and hospital mortality 14.5 %. Nonsurvivors had a higher total SOFA score on day 1 (5.9 ± 3.7 vs. 1.9 ± 2.3, p 〈 0.001) and thereafter until day 8. High SOFA scores for any organ system and increasing number of organ failures (SOFA score ≥ 3) were associated with increased mortality. Cardiovascular and neurological systems (day 1) were related to outcome and cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and admission from another ICU to length of ICU stay. TMS score was higher in nonsurvivors (1.76 ± 2.55 vs. 0.58 ± 1.39, p 〈 0.01), and ΔSOFA/total SOFA on day 1 was independently related to outcome. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.86 for TMS, 0.82 for SOFA on day 1, and 0.77 for SAPS II. Conclusions: The SOFA, TMS, and ΔSOFA scores provide the clinician with important information on degree and progression of organ dysfunction in medical, cardiovascular patients. On day 1 both SOFA score and TMS score had a better prognostic value than SAPS II score. The model is closely related to outcome and identifies patients who are at increased risk for prolonged ICU stay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051316
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term antiarrhythmic efficacy and safety of d-sotalol in patients with ventricular tachycardia and a low ejection fraction (1995)
    Springer
    Cardiovascular drugs and therapy 9 (1995), S. 437-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7241
    Keywords: d-sotalol ; ventricular tachycardia ; heart failure ; antiarrhythmic treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since in patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) and compromised left ventricular function, antiarrhythmic therapy poses a particular problem, an open-label safety study of d-sotalol, a new class III antiarrhythmic agent, was performed. Thirteen patients with defined VT and a low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were treated with orally administered d-sotalol, 100 mg bid, and in a few patients 100 mg tid, in an open study. Patients were followed up for 35±11 months, with the longest follow-up amounting to 51 months. The data obtained suggest that d-sotalol was moderately effective as an antiarrhythmic agent, in particular with respect to premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and coupled and repetitive PVCs. The beneficial effect appeared to persist on long-term treatment. d-Sotalol was well tolerated and no subjective or objective adverse reactions were observed. There were no signs of worsening of congestive heart failure, proarrhythmogenic activity, or torsades de pointes, although QT-prolongation was observed. There were no dropouts in the study. Two patients died: One patient with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (with LVEF=11%) died suddenly after 38 months of follow-up and one patient after 17 months from recurrent myocardial infarction. Neither of these had shown recurrence of VT on 24 hour ambulatory ECG recordings. In conclusion, in this small group of patients d-sotalol appeared to be safe and well tolerated during long-term treatment of patients with VT and poor left ventricular function. There were clear suggestions of antiarrhythmic activity, reflected by the suppression of complex ventricular arrhythmias and by the absence of recurrent VT on long-term follow-up in the majority of patients. These results would encourage a larger, formal trial on the use of d-sotalol in this type of patients,.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879033
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced second-harmonic response and stability of corona-poled guest—host polycarbonate thin films (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 228-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Second-harmonic generation and spectroscopic absorption measurements were made to study the non-linear optical and stability properties of guest/host polycarbonate thin films in which the guest chromophores were oriented by corona poling. Optimum poling conditions were achieved at temperatures less than the glass-rubber transition temperatures. Stabilized order parameters as high as 0.23 and retention of orientational order as high as 86% were found. Stable, resonance-enhanced, values of the non-linear optical coefficient d 33, for the fundamental of 1.064 Μm, were as high as 31 pm V−1. This value is over four times that predicted by a simple thermodynamic model for isotropic materials. Hydrogen bonding between the guest and polycarbonate is proposed to account for the high d 33 coefficients and long-term stability of the films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187202
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “HFM”, the universal sputter method in SNMS analytics (1995)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 353 (1995), S. 514-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract For the analysis of surfaces with poor conductivity the use of the “direct current sputter process”, usual in SNMS, produces unreproducible depth profiles with often widened transition widths. An efficient method for eliminating static charging in the case of non-coducting samples is the use of a high-frequency discharge. By comparison of the direct current mode with high frequency mode it is shown, that the use of SNMS with HF sputtering is the universal analysis method for most matrices, technical surfaces as well as oxidic materials. For non-conducting or poorly conducting samples, however, matrix-adjusted factors are to be used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00321313
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of oxide dusts by SNMS (1995)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 351 (1995), S. 125-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The quantitative determination and the depth profile analysis of non-conductive materials by SNMS and GDOES is possible using a high-frequency sputtering technology for discharging. To improve the SNMS with HF sputtering technology for the analysis of environmentally relevant oxidic dusts, a certified standard ash is used. The quantitative evaluation has shown a markedly excessive concentration for the alkali elements. Another effect is the appearance of the mass m/e=20, which can be allocated to an Ar2+ ion. The influences of conductivity of the samples, HF frequency, rate of sputtertime and of the target voltage on these effects have been investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324301
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