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  • 2005-2009
  • 1995-1999  (27)
  • 1915-1919
  • 1995  (27)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 34 (1995), S. 318-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01625345
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erweitertes Monitoring des kritisch Kranken mittels weiterentwickelter Pulmonalarterienkatheter (1995)
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 44 (1995), S. 423-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Monitoring ; Pulmonalarterienkatheter ; Sv¯O2 ; kontinuierliche Herzzeitvolumenbestimmung ; Kosten ; kritisch Kranke ; Key words Pulmonary artery catheter ; Sv¯O2 ; Continuous cardiac output ; Costs ; Monitoring ; Critically ill ; Outcome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The introduction of flow-directed pulmonary artery (PA) catheters has helped to improve our knowledge of cardiovascular physiology. There have been several developments of this equipment in recent years, including continuous monitoring of mixed-venous O2 saturation (Sv¯O2) and cardiac output (CO). The high purchase price, however, is an obstacle to its use in the critically ill. The aim of the present study was to analyse the actual costs of these devices in comparison to standardly used intermittent monitoring of Sv¯O2 and CO. Methods. Thirty critically ill patients in a surgical intensive care unit (ICU) were prospectively studied. PA catheter monitoring was indicated by physicians who were not involved in the study. The patients were randomly allocated to one of the following groups: 1. a standard PA catheter was used, and Sv¯O2 and CO were intermittently measured 6 times a day on a routine basis and additionally when necessary from the clinical point of view; 2. Sv¯O2 was continuously measured using a fiberoptic PA catheter; and 3. CO was continuously monitored using a newly developed PA catheter. Costs for the catheter equipment and laboratory analyses (Sv¯O2) were calculated and the durations of intermittent monitoring techniques were measured. Costs for the `hardware' (monitor, blood gas analyser) were not taken into account. Sv¯O2 was measured by the ICU staff using an ICU-owned blood gas analyser (4.78 DM/analysis) and by a central laboratory unit, which had to be paid for its analyses (30.50 DM/analysis), respectively. Results. The groups were comparable with regard to their demographic data. A total of 378 intermittent measurements of Sv¯O2 and 449 mean CO measurements (1611 single bolus CO measurements) were carried out in the patients in whom a standard PA catheter was inserted. For daily calibration, a total of 50 single Sv¯O2 measurements were done in the group in which Sv¯O2 was continuously monitored. A total of 27.7 h were spent for intermittent Sv¯O2 measurements (time range of one analysis using the ICU-based blood gas analyser: 4.0 to 7.9 min); intermittent CO monitoring took a total of 14.2 h (time range of one mean CO measurement: 1.6 to 3.0 min). When blood gases were analysed by a central laboratory unit, costs for intermittent Sv¯O2 were tremendously higher than when monitored continuously. Conclusion. Monitoring devices that provide us with continuous information on the patient's state may have advantages in the management of the critically ill. Whether the patient's `outcome' can be improved by monitoring Sv¯O2 and CO continuously was not addressed by the present study. Instead, this study focused on the question of whether these devices are more cost-intensive than standard PA catheter monitoring systems. Costs for laboratory analyses can blunt the advantage of lower costs for the standard PA catheter. Intermittent (standard) monitoring of Sv¯O2 and CO was significantly more time-consuming than the continuous methods. It can be summarised that although purchase costs for the more advanced PA catheters are higher than for standard PA catheters, the use of these continuous monitoring devices in the critically ill can be justified from a financial point of view.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 30 Patienten einer operativen Intensivstation, bei denen die Indikation eines erweiterten hämodynamischen Monitorings mittels Pulmonalarterien (PA-) Katheters gestellt worden war, wurden prospektiv untersucht. Randomisiert wurde folgende Gruppeneinteilung vorgenommen (10 Patienten pro Gruppe): 1. Ein Standard-PA-Katheter wurde eingesetzt, und die gemischt-venöse Sauerstoffsättigung (Sv¯O 2 ) sowie das Herzzeitvolumen (HZV) wurden routinemäßig 6mal am Tag und bei Bedarf zusätzlich bestimmt, 2. die Sv¯O 2 wurde kontinuierlich mit Hilfe eines Fiberoptikkatheters erfaßt und 3. das HZV wurde mit Hilfe eines neuentwickelten PA-Katheters kontinuierlich überwacht. Die Kosten für Einmalmaterialien und Laborkosten sowie der Zeitaufwand bei den intermittierenden Meßverfahren wurden über einen Zeitraum von 5 Tagen erfaßt. Neben den Kosten für die vom eigenen Pflegepersonal durchgeführten Blutgasanalysen mit Hilfe eines eigenen Blutgasanalysators wurde zusätzlich der Kostenanfall bei ,Fremd`bestimmung der Blutgasanalysen (durch das Zentrallabor) berechnet. Insgesamt wurden 378 Bestimmungen der Sv¯O 2 durchgeführt und 449 mittlere HZV-Werte erfaßt. Ohne Berücksichtigung des Zeitaufwands lagen die Kosten pro Patient bei der kontinuierlichen HZV-Bestimmung am höchsten. Bei der intermittierenden Sv¯O 2 -Bestimmung zeigte sich bei Einsatz des intensiveigenen Blutgasanalysegeräts eine Differenz von ca. 22,– DM/Tag zur kontinuierlichen Methode. Bei ,Fremd`bestimmung findet sich bei dem kontinuierlichen Verfahren ein deutlicher Vorteil. Zusammenfassend läßt sich feststellen, daß kontinuierliche Verfahren zur Überwachung kritisch Kranker von Vorteil erscheinen. Die höheren Kosten für die weiterentwickelten PA-Katheter wurden teilweise durch den Wegfall von Zusatzkosten, die bei den intermittierenden Verfahren entstehen, ausgeglichen. Der Wert einer deutlichen Entlastung des Intensivpersonals ist schwer abschätzbar, läßt aber den Einsatz dieser Verfahren als sinnvoll erscheinen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001010050171
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential response of human basophils and mast cells to recombinant chemokines (1995)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 70 (1995), S. 251-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Human basophils ; Mast cells ; Recombinant chemokines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chemokines are proinflammatory peptides regulating the functions of various hematopoietic cells. We have analyzed the effects of seven recombinant human (rh) chemokines (MCAF, RANTES, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IL-8, GRO, and IP-10) on the growth and function of human basophils and mast cells. We found that MCAF, but not RANTES, MlP-la, MIP-1β, IL-8, GRO, or IP-10, causes direct and dose-dependent histamine release from basophils (MCAF, 5 μg/ml: 26.9 ± 3.4%; other chemokines: 〈 5% of total histamine). An increased (2.1 to 3.5-fold) response to MCAF was obtained when basophils were preincubated with rh interleukin-3 (100 units/ml). Moreover, IL-3-primed basophils became responsive to physiologic concentrations (〈 1 μg/ml) of MCAF, IL-8, and RANTES. None of the chemokines tested was able to induce histamine secretion in mast cells obtained from lung (n=2), skin (n=1), uterus (n=3), or tonsils (n=3), even when cells had been preincubated with the mast cell agonist SCF. The chemokines also failed to modulate the expression of activation antigens (CD11b/C3biR, CD25/IL-2Rβ, CD63, IL-3Rα, CD117/c-kit) on the mast cell line HMC-1 or the basophil cell line KU-812 and were unable to induce differentiation of basophils or mast cells in culture. Together, our results show that basophils respond to rhIL-8, rhMCAF, and rhRANTES and that, unlike human basophils, human mast cells are unresponsive to recombinant chemokines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01784044
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional damage distributions of molecular ions implanted into silicon, as recorded by RBS/channeling combined with tomography (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.00 ; 79.20.Nc ; 61.80.Jh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The depth distributions of damage of 1.4 MeV nitrogen molecular ions (N 2 + ) implanted into Si crystals at doses slightly below the value for amorphization have been measured by means of standard RBS/channeling for different directions of impact. These damage distributions were fed into our modified tomographic program “MO-TOR” [1, 2], by which we could reconstruct the spatial distributions of nuclear energy transfer. These distributions are compared with the three-dimensional theoretical prediction of a modified TRIM code [3]. It turns out that there exists a pronounced deviation from the purely ballistic damage distribution insofar as the reconstructed damage distribution is twice as broad in the lateral direction than predicted. This is essentially explained by deviations in flight geometry of molecular ions in comparison with single-atomic ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01538382
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional damage distributions of molecular ions implanted into silicon, as recorded by RBS/channeling combined with tomography (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS:  78.00; 79.20.Nc; 61.80.Jh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  The depth distributions of damage of 1.4 MeV nitrogen molecular ions (N+ 2) implanted into Si crystals at doses slightly below the value for amorphization have been measured by means of standard RBS/channeling for different directions of impact. These damage distributions were fed into our modified tomographic program “MOTOR” [1, 2], by which we could reconstruct the spatial distributions of nuclear energy transfer. These distributions are compared with the three-dimensional theoretical prediction of a modified TRIM code [3]. It turns out that there exists a pronounced deviation from the purely ballistic damage distribution insofar as the reconstructed damage distribution is twice as broad in the lateral direction than predicted. This is essentially explained by deviations in flight geometry of molecular ions in comparison with single-atomic ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050183
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous dissection of the hepatic artery (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 462-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Aneurysm, hepatic ; Hepatic artery, rupture ; Hepatic artery, dissection ; Splanchnic arteries, dissection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two cases of spontaneous dissection of hepatic arteries are described. Presentation and management of these two patients are distinctly different. The first patient presented with mild back pain and mild abnormal liver function tests and was treated conservatively. The second patient presented with hemoperitoneum and shock and was treated surgically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01213273
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical distribution of E-cadherin in normal and injured lung tissue of the rat (1995)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 104 (1995), S. 383-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Affinity purified rabbit anti-mouse E-cadherin antibodies, reacting with diverse rat epithelia, were used to characterize epithelial changes in a radiation-induced fibrosis model of rat lung by immunoblotting techniques, immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence microscopy. Immunostaining of normal rat lung tissues revealed a predominant staining of type II pneumocytes. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed the immunohistochemical data of normal lung tissue obtained at the light microscopic level. In severely injured rat lung, we found enhanced immunoreactivity for E-cadherin at the surface of type I alveolar epithelial cells. The results suggest that E-cadherin is an adhesion molecule that is modulated after pathological alteration of the alveolar epithelium and that the antiserum may be useful for the characterization of normal and diseased rat epithelia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01458132
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical evidence for loss of ICAM-1 by alveolar epithelial cells in pulmonary fibrosis (1995)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 104 (1995), S. 397-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract ICAM-1 is an intercellular adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin supergene family involved in adherence of leukocytes to the endothelium and in leukocytic accumulation in pulmonary injury. In the current study, the antigen retrieval technique was used to detect ICAM-1 immunohistochemically in paraffin sections of lungs from human, mouse and rat as well as in bleomycin- or radiation-induced fibrotic lungs from rat and human. In normal lung tissue, the expression of ICAM-1 on alveolar type I epithelial cells is stronger than on alveolar macrophages and on endothelial cells. Preembedding immuno-electron microscopy of normal rat, mouse and human lung samples revealed sclective ICAM-1 expression on the surface of type I alveolar epithelial cells and, to a lesser extent, on the pulmonary capillary endothelium and on alveolar macrophages. In fibrotic specimens, both focal lack and strengthening of immunostaining on the surface of type I cells was found. Alveolar macrophages were found focally lacking ICAM-1 immunoreactivity. In some cases, rat type II pneumocytes exhibited positive immunoreactions for ICAM-1. Immunoelectron microscopy with preembedded rat lungs (bleomycin-exposed cases) confirmed the altered ICAM-1 distribution at the alveolar epithelial surface. In the alveolar fluid of fibrotic rat lungs, in contrast to that from untreated controls, soluble ICAM-1 was detected by western blot analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01458134
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of E-cadherin and Ep-CAM in the human lung during development and after injury (1995)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 103 (1995), S. 281-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Paraffin sections were obtained of human fetal, adult, and pathological lung (pulmonary fibrosis after radiotherapy or chemotherapy). The localization of epithelial adhesion molecules E-cadherin and Ep-CAM (former epithelial surface 40 kDa glycoprotein) was investigated by immunoperoxidase and/or immunofluorescence techniques with monoclonal antibodies. During development, the epithelia of the primary pulmonary primordium, the secondary bronchi and the adult bronchial epithelium retained immunoreactivity for E-cadherin and Ep-CAM with lateral immunostaining of cell membranes. In normal adult lungs, Ep-CAM was detected in type I and II alveolar epithelial cells, whereas E-cadherin was confined to the basolateral domain of type II cells. In pulmonary fibrosis, Ep-CAM could be further detected on the cell surface of epithelial remnants. In contrast, E-cadherin expression was characterized by a change of the membrane localization to a spotty, cytoplasmic pattern in the alveolar epithelium, possibly indicating functional inactivation of the protein during fibrogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01457412
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Freie mitteilungen (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 256 (1995), S. S232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02201967
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