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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1930-1934
  • 1996  (5)
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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1930-1934
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amplitude and timing of electromyographic activity during sprinting (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 6 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0838
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: The aim of this study was to make descriptive analyses of the muscle activities in the lower extremity during maximal sprinting. Nine healthy sprinters were examined during maximal sprinting using telemetric electromyography (EMG). Seven muscles of the lower extremities were investigated: biceps femoris, medial hamstrings (semimembranosus and semitendinosus), rectus femoris, gluteus maximus, tibialis anterior, lateral gastrocnemius and medial gastrocnemius. The recorded EMG levels during running were expressed as percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contractions (%max EMG). For each muscle, the normalized EMG was plotted during the whole running stride cycle and is presented for each muscle. The reason for using this method is to show that it is possible to compare different muscle activities in a runner as well as to make comparisons between runners. Lateral and medial hamstrings and gluteus maximus showed similar activities with peak levels of EMG during footstrike. Rectus femoris had a two-peak activity, with one peak at the middle of the stance phase and the other during the swing phase. The tibialis anterior also showed a two-peak activity, but with the peaks at the beginning of the swing phase and just before foot-strike. The highest activities of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius occurred just before toe-off.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00064.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for glutamate as a neurotransmitter in spinothalamic tract terminals in the posterior region of owl monkeys (1996)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 108 (1996), S. 33-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Thalamus ; Glutamate ; Pain ; Monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous studies have suggested that glutamate is a neurotransmitter in ascending somatosensory pathways to the thalamus. The present study examined with quantitative immunohistochemical methods the presence of glutamate in spinothalamic tract terminals of owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus). Such terminals in the posterior region, in which a nucleus was recently identified as a specific pain and temperature relay in macaques and humans, were labeled by anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, injected into the spinal dorsal horn. Glutamate-like immunoreactivity was demonstrated with a postembedding immunogold procedure using a well-characterized glutamate antiserum. Quantitative analysis of the immunogold labeling demonstrated that the spinothalamic tract terminals contained more than twice the tissue average of glutamate-like immunoreactivity. Enrichment of glutamate-like immunoreactivity was also found in terminals of presumed cortical origin. Presynaptic dendrites, cell bodies and non-vesicle-containing dendrites diplayed low levels of glutamate-like immunoreactivity. A strong positive correlation (r=0.69; P〈0.0001) was found between the density of synaptic vesicles and the density of gold particles in spinothalamic tract terminals, in contrast to a weak negative relationship (r= -0.28; P=0.089) present in GABAergic presynaptic dendrites. These data provide strong evidence that the gold labeling in the spinothalamic tract terminals represents transmitter labeling, implying that glutamate is a neurotransmitter for ascending nociceptive and thermoreceptive information in primates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242902
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book review (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02278135
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolabeled microtubules and microfilaments are visible in multiple cell layers of rye root tip sections (1996)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 191 (1996), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Laser scanning confocal microscopy ; Multiple cell layers ; Plant microtubules ; Plant microfilaments ; Roots ; Tissue clearing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A protocol was developed to observe plant microtubules and actin microfilaments in large tissue samples without physical sectioning. Rye (Secale cereale L. cv. Rymin) root tip pieces from two-day-old seedlings were fixed and processed for immunolabeling. Incubation times of 24–48 h were required to insure adequate penetration of fixatives, antibodies, and washing buffers. Clearing of the tissue with methyl salicylate reduced background auto-fluorescence that would otherwise interfere with the resolution of cytoskeletal structures. Microtubules or microfilaments in 5–7 cell layers were visualized using the optical-sectioning capability of laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and projected as three-dimensional images. The three-dimensional character of the cytoskeletal elements is retained when viewing stained cells of intact tissue. The net-like character of a microfilament array radiating out from a single point into the cytoplasm is maintained when the cells are stained in intact root tip pieces and imaging is accomplished in situ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281819
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method of measuring energy dissipation during crack propagation in polymers with an instrumented ultramicrotome (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 655-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In order to characterize very local energy dissipation during crack propagation in polymers, an ultramicrotome was instrumented to measure the energy dissipated during sectioning. The work to section per unit area, W s, was measured for five different amorphous polymers [polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyerene (PS), polycarbonate (PC) and two epoxy resins] in the glassy state. When the section thickness was varied between 60 and 250 nm, W s varied between 15 and 100 Jm−2, depending on the material and section thickness. The method and the results are compared with other methods used for determining the energy dissipation at a local level as well as at a macroscopic level in polymers. The differences between different polymers were found to be contradictory to macroscopic fracture toughness, G lc, measurements. The material that showed the highest W s had the lowest G lc values reported. Possible mechanisms for energy dissipation during sectioning are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367882
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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