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  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To study the influence of compression on the haemodynamics o the deep venous system in pregnancy.Design A prospective, observational studySetting The phlebological unit of the department of dermatology at a university hospital.Population Fifteen pregnant women with no previous signs of chronic venous insufficiency.Methods Parameters of the venous pump function were assessed by strain-gauge plethysmography. Blood flow velocity, flow volume and vessel diameter in the superficial femoral vein were measured by duplex sonography. All examinations were performed with and without applied compression stockings (25–32 mmHg) at two different stages of gestation and after delivery. In addition, subjective symptoms were graded.Results Venous pump function improved and refilling time lengthened significantly when compression was used during gestation and postnatally. Duplex sonography showed an increase in blood flow velocity and flow volume in the superficial femoral vein with applied compression; the vessel diameter increased slightly. Subjective symptoms of the leg, graded on an arbitrary scale, were reduced by regular compression therapy.Conclusion Our results indicate that compression improves the clinical symptoms of venous congestion and the venous haemodynamics of the legs during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Thus, the regular use of compression during pregnancy and the puerperium may reduce the incidence of thromboembolic events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Diagnostik ; Farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ; Fingerarterien ; Morbus Raynaud ; Key words Colour coded duplex Sonography ; Diagnosis ; Finger arteries ; Raynaud’s phenomenon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary By means of modern color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) even very small vessels can be visualized. Maximum resolution nowadays is about 0.5 mm diameter of the vessel. We compared the use of CCDS and angiography in studying of acral perfusion. Besides morphologic criteria, hemodynamic criteria were recorded. Arteries in healthy fingers appear as long and straight vessels with a clearly defined border. The physiological maximal blood flow velocity exceded 20 cm/s. CCDS revealed tortuosity of finger arteries as typical finding in thrombangiitis obliterans. Segmental stenosis can either be identified morphologically or quantified by measurement of the flow velocity with poststenotic maximal systolic velocities of less than 20 cm/s or by the acceleration of the blood flow within the stenosis, as proven by angiographic examinations. CCDS is suitable for evaluation of acral perfusion in patients suffering from secondary Raynaud’s syndrome. Apart from diagnosis of disturbed acral circulation, other possible applications of CCDS are in in the surgical field, for example replantations in hand or finger surgery.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mittels Farbduplexsonographie (FKDS) lassen sich Dank moderner Technik auch kleinste Gefäße darstellen. Die derzeitige Grenze liegt bei ca. 0,5 mm Gefäßdurchmesser [4]. Anhand der vorliegenden Untersuchungen sollen exemplarisch die Möglichkeiten der FKDS zur Beurteilung der akralen Gefäße im Vergleich zur Angiographie demonstriert werden. Erfaßt wurden neben morphologischen auch hämodynamische Kriterien. Bei Gesunden stellen sich die Fingerarterien über einen geraden langen Verlauf mit gut abgrenzbarer Randbegrenzung dar. Es finden sich maximale Fließgeschwindigkeiten von in der Regel über 20 cm/s. Geschlängelt verlaufende Gefäße wie bei der Thrombangiitis obliterans lassen sich farbduplexsonographisch detailliert darstellen, dies konnte angiographisch bestätigt werden. Segmentale Stenosen lassen sich einerseits morphologisch erkennen, als auch durch die Messung der maximalen Fließgeschwindigkeiten mit poststenotischen systolischen Geschwindigkeiten von 〈20 cm/s sowie mit Geschwindigkeitsbeschleunigungen innerhalb der Stenose quantifizieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die FKDS sich zur Beurteilung der akralen Gefäße bei Patienten mit sekundärem Raynaud-Phänomen eignet. Die Anwendungsgebiete liegen neben der Diagnostik akraler Durchblutungsstörungen auch im operativen Bereich bei Replantierungen in der Hand- und Fingerchirurgie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mice ; ultrasonic calls ; infants ; individual differences ; signatures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Infant house mice, Mus musculus, produce ultrasonic calls that reliably lead to retrieval by adult mice. While individual differences in calls have been demonstrated both among and within species, the influences of age and sex on call characteristics have not been systematically investigated in mice. This study examined the influences of age, sex, and genotype (inbred versus hybrid) on the rate, length, and frequency characteristics of the calls of 486 male and female mice from 2 to 12 days of age. Rate of calling followed a shallow inverted U-shaped function across days. Call lengths decreased and call frequency characteristics increased, in a linear manner, with age. Females emitted fewer calls, with a smaller bandwidth, at some ages than males. Hybrid pups produced more calls of greater length and a lower frequency than inbred pups. These results indicate the presence of cues that could allow adult mice to behave differentially toward pups as a function of their age and sex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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