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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite-element analysis of quantum wires with arbitrary cross sections (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 3242-3249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A finite-element method is developed for the analysis of eigenstates in the valence band of quantum wires which have arbitrary potential profiles. Our method is basically based on the Galerkin procedure and triangle linear elements are used as finite elements. In our formulation the effect of the band mixing in the valence band is duly taken into account. Boundary conditions at heterointerfaces are also taken into account in the multiband envelope function space. Numerical examples are presented for circular, square, rectangular, and triangular quantum wire structures. The relation is clarified between the degeneracy in the E-ky dispersion curve and the symmetricity of the confinement potential. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368478
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optically induced rotation of a trapped micro-object about an axis perpendicular to the laser beam axis (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2951-2953 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A strongly focused Nd:YAG laser beam has been used experimentally to achieve optical trapping and simultaneous rotation of a micro-object about an axis perpendicular to the trapping laser beam axis. The micro-object (12 μm in diameter), which has shape anisotropy in its interior, can be produced by oxygen reactive ion etching of a fluorinated polyimide film (refractive index n=1.53). This optically induced rotation of the micro-object in ethanol (n=1.36) is accomplished by utilizing the net radiation pressure force arising from the momentum change of light scattered at the micro-object's inner walls. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121504
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optically induced angular alignment of birefringent micro-objects by linear polarization (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 3034-3036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fluorinated polyimide micro-objects having large birefringence of Δn=−0.13 (refractive index n1=1.62, n2=1.49 for the wavelength λ=1.06 μm), which were fabricated by reactive ion etching and suspended in water (n=1.33), were trapped and angularly aligned in a single Gaussian laser beam (λ=1.06 μm, power P〉3 μW). The optically induced angular alignment effect is caused by the transfer of spin angular momentum due to the interaction between their birefringence and the linearly polarized light. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122663
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of a 7-day infusion of glucose on insulin secretion in vivo and in vitro in ventromedial hypothalamic-lesioned obese rats (1998)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 35 (1998), S. 26-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Hyperglycemia ; Hyperinsulinemia ; Glucose tolerance test ; Islets of Langerhans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Excessive stimulation of insulin secretion may be one cause of the beta-cell dysfunction induced by hyperglycemia. We investigated a possible link between the prior endogenous hypersecretion of insulin and this dysfunction by performing a 7-day glucose infusion (50% wt/vol, 1.2 ml/h) on ventromedial hypothalamic VMH-lesioned hyperinsulinemic rats. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT 1.0 g/kg) revealed that a 3-day glucose infusion enhanced the insulin responses in both the sham- and VMH-lesioned rats compared with saline infusions. A similar 7-day glucose infusion enhanced the insulin response to glucose in sham-lesioned rats but not in VMH-lesioned rats. Batch-incubation of islets isolated from sham-lesioned rats showed an enhanced insulin response to glucose after 7 days of glucose treatment compared with the saline infusions. Conversely, the glucose infusion in VMH-lesioned rats markedly suppressed the in vitro insulin response. In sham- and VMH-lesioned rats, similar islet insulin contents were produced by saline and glucose treatments. Electron microscopy revealed that glucose infusions impaired the granule-releasing function of the beta-cells in VMH-lesioned rats, while insulin synthesis was accelerated in either group. These findings support the notion that excessive secretion is partly responsible for the beta-cell dysfunction induced by hyperglycemia without signs of exhaustion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005920050097
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increase in Pulmonary Arterial Diameter Under Prostaglandin E1 Therapy in Infants with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 19 (1998), S. 404-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Key words: Prostaglandin E1— Pulmonary artery — Cyanotic congenital heart disease — Blalock–Taussig shunt — Echocardiography—Pulmonary atresia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We studied the change in pulmonary arterial diameter under prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) therapy in infants with ductus-dependent cyanotic heart disease (pulmonary atresia). Ten infants undergoing administration of PGE1 for more than 2 weeks were selected for this study. A classic Blalock–Taussig (BT) shunt was performed in seven patients and a modified BT shunt in three. The shunt was successful in all patients. The internal diameters of the right and left pulmonary arteries were measured before and after the start of PGE1 therapy using two-dimensional echocardiography. The pulmonary arterial index (PA index) was calculated to correct the diameters for body surface area. Both pulmonary arteries enlarged during the first week of PGE1 therapy in all 10 patients. Further increases in the two diameters were observed even after the first week of treatment in nine patients. Both the mean diameters at 2 weeks after the start of PGE1 were about 50% larger than the initial diameters (right; increased from 3.1 to 4.7 mm; left; increased from 3.0 to 4.4 mm). Of the eight patients given PGE1 for more than 3 weeks, four showed no changes in pulmonary arterial diameters after the first 2 weeks and the remaining four showed a slight increase. PA indexes also showed a rapid increase during the first 2 weeks and no significant change thereafter. We suggest that, in infants with pulmonary atresia and small pulmonary arteries, the optimal pulmonary artery size for BT shunt insertion is achieved after 2 weeks of PGE1 infusion, with no further significant increase in size being observed after this time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002469900336
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous Insertion of the Superior or the Inferior Vena Cava into the Right Atrium (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 19 (1998), S. 474-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Key words: Congenital systemic venous anomaly — Venae cavae — Right atrium — Angiocardiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Three cases with anomalous insertion of the superior or inferior vena cava into the right atrium are presented. One case was a 25-year-old healthy man with anomalous low insertion of the right superior vena cava into the right atrium. The remaining two cases were infants with complex cardiac anomalies showing anomalous high insertion of the inferior vena cava into the right atrium. The congenital anomalies of the connection between the superior and the inferior vena cava and the right atrium are rare. Angiographic and computed tomographic findings of these anomalies were reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002469900361
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ki-67 (MIB 5) immunostaining of mouse lung tumors induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (1998)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 110 (1998), S. 589-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We immunostained mouse lung tumors using a mouse monoclonal antibody against recombinant Ki-67 antigen (clone; MIB 5) to establish an MIB 5 immunostaining method and to determine the extent of MIB 5 labeling to monitor cell proliferation activity in mouse lung tumors. A/J mice, treated with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, were killed after 18 months. One hour before killing, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected intraperitoneally. Lung tissues including tumors were fixed with phosphate-buffered 4% paraformaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. For MIB 5 immunostaining, two antigen-retrieval buffers, citrate buffer pH 6 and TRIS-HCl buffer pH 9.5 containing 5% urea, were tested, and constant and reproducible staining was obtained only with the TRIS-HCl buffer. The mean values of the MIB 5-positive cell index (PCI), the BrdU labeling index (LI), and the mitotic cell count for adenocarcinomas were 4.6%, 2.3%, and 7/mm2, and those for adenomas were 1.2%, 0.7%, and 1.3/mm2, respectively. Each of these values was significantly higher for adenocarcinomas than for adenomas. A close correlation was seen between the MIB 5 PCI and the BrdU LI for adenocarcinomas and adenomas and between the MIB 5 PCI and the mitotic cell count in adenocarcinomas. Thus, MIB 5 immunostaining is a useful method for assessing the proliferative activity of mouse tumor tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050321
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transplantation tolerance by a combined therapy with sulfatide, anti-LFA-1/ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies and FK506 in rat cardiac transplantation (1998)
    Springer
    Transplant international 11 (1998), S. S310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Selectin ; Sulfatide ; Cardiac allografts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Selectins promote a rolling phenomenon of leukocytes along activated endothelial surfaces, which is the first step in the events that ultimately lead to leukocyte transmigration at acute inflammatory sites. Our previous study revealed that sulfatide, which is one of the selectin inhibitors, prolonged graft survival in rat cardiac allografts. In the present study, to obtain a longer graft acceptance, we examanined a combination treatment of sulfatide, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against LFA-1/ICAM-1, and FK506 in a Fischer 344 (F344, RT1lvl) to Lewis (LEW, RT1l) rat heart transplantation. FK506 alone (n = 6) and FK506/sulfatide-treated LEW rats (n = 6) rejected F344 heart grafts with an MST of 49 and 55.2 days, respectively. Otherwise, four out of six heart grafts treated with sulfatide, mAbs against LFA-1/ICAM-1, and FK506 (n = 6) survived for over 100 days after transplantation. The proliferative response of alloreactive T cells obtained from tolerant rats against both F344 alloantigen and third-party alloantigen on day 104 postgrafting was significantly suppressed as compared to that from naive LEW rats. On light microscopic examination, specimens of tolerant rat on day 104 postgrafting showed an almost normal appearance. Our results suggested that blocking both each step of leukocyte entry and recognition of alloantigens by a combination treatment of sulfatide, mAbs against LFA-1/ICAM-1, and FK506 could lead to tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050485
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress Concentration at the Bottom of a Borehole and its Effect on Borehole Breakout Formation (1998)
    Springer
    Rock mechanics and rock engineering 31 (1998), S. 153-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-453X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: Summary Stress concentration at the bottom of a borehole due to the corners with small radius of curvature in an axial section and its effect on the azimuth of breakout was studied. To this end, a 3-D finite element analysis was conducted and the stress around the borehole was examined for boreholes arbitrarily oriented to three principal axes of remote stress. Results show that, in the case of high strength rock, compressive failure resulting in spalling of a borehole may occur only at the bottom of the borehole. The spalling can occur continuously with drilling, and results in continuous spalling with depth, i.e., a breakout. This type of breakout tends to form on one side of the borehole and its orientation is approximately perpendicular to the orientation of standard breakouts, inferred from the stress concentration due to the cylindrical shape of the borehole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s006030050016
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Structure of Nonthin Irreducible T-modules of Endpoint 1: Ladder Bases and Classical Parameters (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of algebraic combinatorics 7 (1998), S. 53-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9192
    Keywords: Association scheme ; Terwilliger algebra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Building on the work of Terwilliger, we find the structure of nonthin irreducible T-modules of endpoint 1 for P- and Q-polynomial association schemes with classical parameters. The isomorphism class of such a given module is determined by the intersection numbers of the scheme and one additional parameter which must be an eigenvalue for the first subconstituent graph. We show that these modules always have what we call a ladder basis, and find the structure explicitly for the bilinear, Hermitean, and alternating forms schemes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008619211978
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