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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel Photoactivatable Agonist of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor of Potential Use for Exploring the Functional Activated State (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) exhibits at least four different conformational states varying in affinity for agonists such as acetylcholine (ACh). Photoaffinity labeling has been previously used to elucidate the topography of the AChR. However, to date, the photosensitive probes used to explore the cholinergic binding site photolabeled only closed or desensitized states of the receptor. To identify the structural modifications occurring at the ACh binding site on allosteric transition associated with receptor activation, we have investigated novel photoactivatable 4-diazocyclohexa-2,5-dienone derivatives as putative cholinergic agonists. Such compounds are fairly stable in the dark and generate highly reactive carbenic species on irradiation. In binding experiments using AChRs from Torpedo marmorata, these ligands had affinities for the ACh binding site in the micromolar range and did not interact with the noncompetitive blocker site (greater than millimolar affinity). Irreversible photoinactivation of ACh binding sites was obtained with the ligand 1b (up to 42% at 500 µM) in a protectable manner. In patch-clamp studies, 1b was shown to be a functional agonist of peripheral AChR in TE 671 cells, with the interesting property of exhibiting no or very little desensitization even at high concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67062557.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Whispering-gallery-mode microring laser using a conjugated polymer (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 141-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We observed laser emission in whispering gallery modes using a microring composed of a semiconducting polymer poly[2,5-bis-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene coated on an etched fiber under transient and quasisteady-state pumping conditions. The threshold for laser oscillation was 1 mJ/cm2 (0.1 MW/cm2) and 30 μJ/cm2 (300 MW/cm2) for nanosecond and femtosecond excitation, respectively. The laser output showed superlinear dependence on the excitation energy above the threshold. The demonstration of lasing under quasisteady-state pumping shows the possibility to develop electrically pumped polymer lasers. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120668
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping of the barley waxy gene by polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping procedure was developed to select amylose-free barley mutants whose waxy genes had a C- to T-base substitution in exon 5, which converted Gln-89 of the wild-type gene into a termination codon. An F2 population carrying an amylose-free waxy gene was checked for segregation. Polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP) produced allele-specific PCR products that have different sizes and are inherited in a co-dominant manner. Two alleles of the barley waxy gene with SNP were correctly identified in parental strains using the PCR-CTPP procedure. Segregation of the SNP as detected by PCR-CTPP in an F2 population fitted the expected 1:2:1 ratio. The PCR-CTPP procedure can provide a time saving and cost-effective alternative to derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence in marker-assisted selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00970.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular and chemical analysis of β-amylase-less mutant barley in Tibet (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The molecular and biochemical aspects of Tibetan β-amylase-less mutant barley were investigated. An enzyme assay showed that there were eight β-amylase-less mutant lines in the Tibetan landrace barley. Following Southern analysis and polymerase chain reaction, it is suggested that these mutants result from the same insert mutation in the latter part of the β-amylase structural gene. The α-glucosidase activity level of the mutant line was high in the initial period of germination, and the glucose ratio in the sugar conformation was remarkably high in the germinated seed of the mutant line. These results suggest that this β-amylase-less mutant line could be a new breeding material for beer production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00502.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of tissue culture traits in barley cv. ‘Lenins’ (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The barley cultivar ‘Lenins’ was found to be a genotype showing high shoot regeneration ability in cultures derived from immature embryos. Five cultivars different from ‘Lenins’ in shoot regeneration ability were reciprocally crossed with ‘Lenins’ and the inheritance of tissue culture traits was investigated. F2 plants showed continuous distributions in callus growth and percentage of shoot regeneration, suggesting that these traits were controlled by polygenes. The F2 population, derived from a cross between ‘Lenins’ and ‘6721′, showed a monogenic segregation for the number of regenerated shoots, and the segregation ratio fitted 1:2:1. Tissue culture traits of ‘Lenins’ were controlled by several genes, whereas the number of regenerated shoots related to the efficiency of shoot regeneration is controlled by one major gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00822.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographical variation of β-amylase thermostability among varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and β-amylase deficiency (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 118 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Investigations onto the thermostability of β-amylase in 274 varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) indicated that all varieties except one were distributed into three types of high (type A), intermediate (type B), and low (type C) thermostability, respectively. One variety (TB29) from China showed no β-amylase activity. Geographical variation was observed in the thermostability of β-amylase. Type C varieties were not observed in East Asia (Japan, the Korean Peninsula, China and Nepal), although 36 out of 37 varieties in Ethiopia were type C. Most of the varieties were Type A in Japan, the Korean Peninsula and China, whereas the frequency of type A and type B were nearly equal in Nepal. Varieties in the other five areas (North America, North Africa, Southwest Asia, Turkey and Europe) consisted of types A, B and C. These results support the fact that East Asian cultivars are genetically different from those of the western regions, as previously reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.1999.00397.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Barley lines showing prominent high green shoot regeneration in cultures derived from immature embryos (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Eighty-four cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and 95 wild strains (82 of H. spontaneum and 13 of H. agriocrithon) were surveyed for the production of callus, callus growth, and shoot regeneration in cultures derived from immature embryos. All cultivars except for ‘Turkey 381′, induced calli from more than 90% of embryos. On the other hand, the wild lines showed a large variation in the percentage of callus induction from 0 to 100%. Among the cultivars, those with the brittle rachis genotype, bt Bt2, on chromosome 3H, regenerated shoots with a significantly higher percentage than the cultivars with the Bt bt2 genotype. Green shoots were produced in a higher ratio (0.84) in the cultivars than in the wild lines (0.52). Among the lines examined,‘Lenins’ regenerated shoots efficiently (90.4%) and produced the highest number of calli with green shoots per embryo (4.77) followed by ‘Golden Promise’ (3.15). Examination of callus growth and shoot regeneration from embryos at different developmental stages revealed that scutellum development affected the quantity and quality of callus and shoot regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00823.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A variety of wheat tolerant to deep-seeding conditions: elongation of the first internode depends on the response to gibberellin and potassium (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The addition of gibberellin A3 (GA3) to culture media induced a dramatic elongation of the first internode in Hong Mang Mai, a wheat variety tolerant to deep-seeding conditions. The length of the first internode in the GA3-treated seedlings reached approximately 45 cm, which is twice as long as that of the control, whereas first internodes of other varieties were 3 to 12 cm long and hardly affected by GA3. The level of endogenous gibberellins (GA) in Hong Mang Mai was not greater than that of other wheat varieties. The expression of GAMyb, a transcription factor, was abundant in the first internode and substantially increased by GA3 application in Hong Mang Mai, compared with other wheat varieties. These results suggest that the first internode of Hong Mang Mai is more sensitive to GA in inducing strong elongation. The presence of potassium in the culture media was indispensable for the first internode elongation. Application of GA3 enhanced the uptake of potassium in Hong Mang Mai. Higher sensitivity of the first internode to GA could cause strong elongation by increasing the amount of osmotic solute, which plays an important role in the tolerance mechanism of Hong Mang Mai to deep-seeding conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00688.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Normal Development of the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Except Peyer's Patch in MyD88-Deficient Mice (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: MyD88 is a key adaptor molecule for signalling via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the response to gut commensal microbes. To investigate the role of TLRs/MyD88 pathway in the development of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), we examined the development of Peyer's patches (PPs) and cryptopatch (CP), and also one of effector compartment, intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) in MyD88–/–, TLR2–/– and TLR4–/– mice. In MyD88–/– mice, the organogenesis of PPs was not disturbed. However, PPs in 2-week-old MyD88–/– mice were significantly smaller than those in MyD88+/– mice. Also, in 2-week-old TLR4–/–, but not TLR2–/– mice, PPs did not develop rapidly. The development of PPs in MyD88–/– and TLR4–/– mice was completely recovered in 10 weeks. PP cells from MyD88–/– mice showed significant decrease in proliferation when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. The development of CP and IEL was also normal in 10-week-old MyD88–/– mice. These results suggest that the TLRs/MyD88 pathway might be involved in the development of PPs only at early postnatal stage, and TLRs/MyD88-independent signalling is critically involved in the development of GALT in adult mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.2003.01346.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic plasticity of internode elongation stimulated by deep-seeding and ethylene in wheat seedlings (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Deep-seeding and ethylene were found to stimulate extension growth of the first internode of intact wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings in darkness. Seedlings of Hon Mang Mai emerged from much deeper in the soil than the seedlings of the other varieties used and their first internodes elongated to a much greater extent in response to ethylene. Carbon dioxide slowed elongation of the first internode and inhibited ethylene action. Elongation of the first internode due to deep-seeding and ethylene treatment showed high heritabilities, suggesting a genetic basis underlying those traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-126.x
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