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  • 1
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Thalassemia — Bone lesions — Bone microstructure — X ray diffraction — Microradiography — Microhardness — Deferoxamine.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Osteochondrodystrophic lesions, mainly affecting long bone metaphyses, can be radiologically evident in homozygotic thalassemic patients treated with deferoxamine, and their incidence rate varies among authors. The clinical and radiological appearance of these lesions is described in the literature, but microstructural data are still lacking. The aim of our research was to evaluate the microstructure of five tibial biopsy specimens from thalassemic patients with bone lesions (5 cases out of 180 patients followed for the last 10 years, i.e., 2.8%) and two bone biopsy specimens from thalassemic patients with no radiological alteration of the long bones. As control, bone tissue taken from autoptic tibiae of two subjects with no skeletal pathology was used. Using microradiography and X-ray diffraction (XRD), we found a reduced and irregular mineralization of the bone (compared with controls) in thalassemic subjects. Bone tissue microhardness was also significantly reduced. Nevertheless, bone apatite lattice was unaltered and no `foreign' crystallographic phase was recorded by XRD. In conclusion, all the patients shared a similar picture of abnormal bone, even with no radiological evidence of lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Thalassemia — Histology — Bone lesions — Deferoxamine.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Some patients affected by thalassemia major and treated with an iron-chelating drug such as deferioxamine can suffer from severe osteochondrodystrophic lesions of the long bones. These lesions were radiologically and clinically evident in 2.8% of the patients we examined over the last 10 years. The aim of our research was to evaluate the morphology and morphometry of five tibial biopsy specimens taken from thalassemic patients with bone lesions and two bone biopsy specimens taken from thalassemic patients with no alteration of the long bones. All the bone samples showed a similar morphostructure. Abnormal chondrocytes, alteration of cartilage staining pattern, irregular columnar cartilage, and lacunae in the cartilaginous tissue were revealed histologically. Osteoid thickness was either normal or slightly increased. Some bone trabeculae had microfractures and some had cartilagineous oases. In five cases, iron deposition was detectable by Perls' Prussian Blue staining. It can be concluded that even in patients without radiographic signs of lesions, seriously damaged columnar cartilage, altered bone mineralization, and microfractures are common.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: We evaluated the haemocompatibility of a filter of poly(butylene terephthalate) for packed red cell transfusions, which had undergone a physicochemical treatment (corona treatment) in order to reduce the filling time. Leucocyte, erythrocyte and platelet counts were carried out and haematological and coagulation parameters were examined before and after filtration. Moreover, some biochemical plasma parameters were evaluated, which are normally checked in hospitalized patients. The results obtained show that the filter treatment reduces the filling time, does not reduce the efficiency in retaining leucocytes and platelets,and does not induce alterations in filtered red blood cells. However, the treatment prolongs the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and reduces the activity of some factors of the intrinsic coagulation pathway. On the other hand, it does not induce modifications in the biochemical parameters examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This study was focused on the bone tissue response to cement in failed hip joint prostheses. The investigation was carried out by means of micro-beam X-ray diffractometric (XRD) analysis of the bone-cement interface. Nine cemented prostheses retrieved because of loosening were studied. This research has demonstrated that the newly formed bone close to the cement in loosened prostheses showed a normal apatitic structure, though bone tissue was often found poorly mineralized. In contrast, in stable prostheses well-mineralized bone was observed. In both cases, however, the bone apatite lattice at the interface was shown not to be different from pre-existing bone. The authors conclude that the mineralization process close to the cement can be thoroughly evaluated by micro-beam XRD techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Polymeric materials are of widespread use for many clinical applications, including dentistry. Periodontal guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is a technique developed to treat periodontal disease: it implies that new connective tissue attachment and bone regeneration are achieved, whereas epithelial migration is prevented by the placement of a barrier membrane. This study has focused on the toxicity in vitro of different polymeric membranes, either commercial or experimental, with a latex rubber membrane being of special interest for use as an implant material in guided tissue regeneration in periodontology. A cell culture system tested by quantitative assay methods offered a reliable tool which provided meaningful results on the first level biocompatibility of such membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 3 (1992), S. 252-254 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Small cylinders of a new composite porous material consisting of a dense alumina core coated with two layers of beads of the same material, bonded to each other and to the underlying surface by a high-temperature melting glass have been implanted in the proximal femurs of rabbits. The explants were carried out 1, 4, 6, 8, and 18 weeks after surgery. The bone fragment containing the implant was embedded in methyl methacrylate without performing decalcification, and morphological observations were carried out. These showed that four weeks after surgery it is already possible to observe the development of bone spicules in the implant porosities. Along with these studies, microhardness measurements were carried out by using a microhardness tester connected to an image analyser. The mineralized tissue in close contact with the implant showed, one month after surgery, a compression strength similar to that of healthy bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Currently, the use of silicone-filled devices, mainly in plastic surgery for breast reconstruction or augmentation, is being debated by the scientific community in connection with the risk to the patient. In this study the response of whole blood or isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with silicone-gel-filled breast implants was assessed in vitro, in order to verify the hypothesis of silicone material acting in vivo as a sensitizing agent. Both quantitative and qualitative changes of lymphocyte subpopulations of patients carrying silicone devices were assessed and compared with healthy subjects. Upon 24–72 h in vitro re-exposure of patients' lymphocytes to silicone extract, lymphocyte surface antigen expression was monitored by flow cytometry, and the functional response of lymphocytes was measured by radioactive tracer uptake and biochemical changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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