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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors Affecting the Water-Holding Capacity of Fibrinogen/Plasma Protein Gels Optimized by Response Surface Methodology (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the water-holding capacity (WHC) of fibrinogen/plasma protein gels heated at 75°C for 10 min to develop a new edible gel. The effects of varying the amount of fibrinogen, plasma protein, calcium, and pH were evaluated to optimize the WHC using RSM. Estimation of the overall effects of the 4 factors on the gels revealed that the pH and concentrations of fibrinogen and plasma protein significantly affected the WHC of the gels (p 〈 0.05). The WHC increases with the concentrations of plasma protein only at concentrations lower than 8%. At lower plasma concentrations, fibrinogen addition had only minimal influence on the WHC. The optimum WHC values were predicted by the RSREG procedure of the SAS program. Model verification was performed by additional independent trials, and the resulting experimental values were very close to the predicted ones with no significant difference (p 〉 0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08780.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A density functional theory study of site-specific methyl reaction on MoO3(010): The effects of methyl coverage (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 9617-9623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report density functional theory calculations, using pseudopotentials with a plane wave basis, of methyl adsorbed on the MoO3(010) surface at 0.5 and 1.0 ML coverages. The MoO3 surface is modeled by a one-layer slab. Methyl is adsorbed most strongly over the terminal oxygen, where methoxy is formed. Over the bridging oxygens, qualitatively different results are obtained depending on the coverage of methyl. At 0.5 ML, methoxy is formed over the bridging oxygens, with an associated relaxation of the surface caused by a repulsion between the methyl and the terminal oxygen. For the 1.0 ML coverage, methyl is not stable and decomposes. Over the asymmetric bridging oxygen, methyl reacts to form formaldehyde and hydroxyl, while over the symmetric bridging oxygen a formyl species and water are produced. The hydroxyl and water are formed via hydrogen transfer to a terminal oxygen. The bonding and reaction of methyl over the various oxygen species are analyzed and discussed using charge density difference plots as well as the crystal orbital overlap projection (COOP). For the 0.5 ML methyl coverage, this analysis shows that the tilting of the terminal oxygen bond weakens this bond slightly. For the 1.0 ML methyl coverage, the COOP plots indicate that the decomposition of methyl over the bridging oxygens is not as stable as methyl over the terminal oxygen because the presence of the carbon fragments affects the electronic structure, and causes a weakening of the Mo–terminal oxygen bond. These results are discussed in the context of partial oxidation reactions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481578
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fusion fuel ion temperature diagnostic for directly driven implosions (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 3534-3536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An ultrafast quenched plastic scintillation detector was used to measure the fusion fuel ion temperature at low implosion (DT) neutron yield (5×108–3×109) in the initial experiment performed at the Shenguang II laser facility. The typical temperatures of exploding pusher targets for direct drive were around 4 keV and the uncertainties were ±15–23%. The detection efficiency of the detector to DT neutrons was calibrated at a K-400 accelerator. The time response function of the detection system was calibrated by implosion neutrons from a DT-filled capsule, which can be regarded as a δ function pulsed neutron source due to its much narrower pulse width than that of the measured neutron time-of-flight spectrum. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1396665
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical Association of Anti-Golgi Autoantibodies and their Autoantigens (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden , USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Anti-Golgi autoantibodies (AGAs) and their targets have been reported from several diseases. However, the association of AGAs, selective autoantigens and related clinical diseases is still obscure. In this study, the presence of AGAs in the sera of 5983 patients was screened to explore the association of AGAs and clinical diseases. By means of indirect immunofluorescence using HEp-2 cells, sera of 12 patients bearing AGAs were identified. The location of recognized Golgi autoantigen(s) was confirmed by the treatment of monensin and double immunostaining using β-COP. Using the immunoelectron microscopy, AGA immunoreactivity was clearly demonstrated at a stack structure, characteristic of the Golgi complex. Furthermore, analysis of the 12 AGA-positive sera by Western blot revealed at least 15 components of Golgi antigens with relative molecular weights ranging from 54 to 350 kDa, and several Golgi autoantigens identified may be novel. Notably, over half of the AGA-positive cases found belong to non-autoimmune diseases, particularly hepatic disorder. This study presents the association of AGAs, components of the Golgi complex and clinical diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01353.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Polysaccharide and Volatile Compounds Produced by Kefir Grains Grown in Soymilk (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The characteristics of polysaccharides isolated from milk and soymilk kefir grains, and the composition of flavor and volatile compounds from soymilk kefir were investigated. Soymilk kefir grains revealed lower polysaccharide content than milk kefir grains, with a polysaccharide profile consisting primarily of glucose and galactose, with the former predominating. The apparent molecular weight of the polysaccharide was estimated at 1.7 × 106 Da. In comparison to nonfermented soymilk, the concentrations of the key volatile compounds for soymilk kefir (such as acetaldehyde, acetone, diacetyl, and ethanol) increased, while n-hexanal concentration decreased. The acetaldehyde level for soymilk kefir was slightly higher, but levels for the other volatile compounds were lower than for milk kefir.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb11367.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of the Viability of Probiotics in a New Fermented Milk Drink by the Genetic Algorithms for Response Surface Modeling (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Calcium gluconate (0.0 to 0.5%), sodium gluconate (0.0 to 1.0%), and N-acetylglucosamine (0.0 to 1.0%) were added to skim milk to retain the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum. To carry out response surface modeling, the regression method was performed on experimental results to build mathematical models. The models were then formulated as an objective function in an optimization problem that was consequently optimized using a genetic algorithm approach to obtain the maximum viability of the probiotics. The genetic algorithms (GAs) were examined to search for the optimal value. The results indicated that GAs were very effective for optimizing the activity of probiotic cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05722.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Childhood epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: a novel variant with reactivity to all three structural domains of type VII collagen (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 147 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Most patients with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita develop an autoimmune response to the non-collagenous (NC) 1 domain of type VII collagen. We report a 4-year-old girl of white European descent presenting with widespread blistering disease involving the face, hands, genital area and oral mucosa. Histopathology revealed subepidermal blisters, and linear deposits of IgG and C3 were seen along the dermal-epidermal junction on direct immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy of a perilesional skin biopsy. On indirect IF microscopy, circulating autoantibodies exclusively stained the dermal side of 1 mol L−1 NaCl-split skin. The patient's IgG autoantibodies labelled a 290-kDa protein on Western blotting of dermal extracts, and reacted with the NC1, NC2 and triple helical domains of type VII collagen on immunoblotting of recombinant and cell-derived fragments obtained by pepsin and collagenase digestion of the full-length protein. Oral methylprednisolone and dapsone led to clearance of lesions, which healed with mild scarring and milia formation. Treatment was discontinued after 1 year and the patient has now been in remission for more than 3 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04863.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decrease of Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumour-1 (DMBT-1) expression is a crucial late event in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 43 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims:  To investigate the participation of DMBT-1, a candidate tumour suppressor gene, in the development of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via intraductal papillary neoplasm of the liver (IPN-L) arising in hepatolithiasis. DMBT-1 plays a role in mucosal immune defence.Methods and results:  The expression of DMBT-1 was examined immunohistochemically in biliary epithelial cells in hepatolithiasis (n = 25), invasive and non-invasive cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis (n = 52), IPN-L with hepatolithiasis (n = 49), cholangiocarcinoma without hepatolithiasis (n = 32), and 10 normal control livers. DMBT-1 was expressed more frequently in the biliary epithelia of hepatolithiasis when compared with normal livers (P 〈 0.05). DMBT-1 expression was also frequent in IPN-L (57%) and non-invasive cholangiocarcinoma (79%). By contrast, DMBT-1 was decreased in invasive cholangiocarcinoma with and without hepatolithiasis (50% and 30%, respectively) (P 〈 0.05). The homozygous deletion of the DMBT-1 gene was recognized in four (20%) of 20 cholangiocarcinoma tissues and two (50%) of four cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, corresponding to the reduction of DMBT-1 expression. No deletion was detected in hepatolithiasis tissues.Conclusion:  DMBT-1 expression is increased in IPN-L and non-invasive cholangiocarcinoma as well as in biliary epithelia in hepatolithiasis. Decreased expression of DMBT-1 and homozygous deletion of the DMBT-1 gene in invasive cholangiocarcinoma suggest that they occur in the late stage of cholangiocarcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2003.01719.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased microvessel density in malignant and borderline mammary phyllodes tumours (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 38 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Increased microvessel density in malignant and borderline mammary phyllodes tumours Aims: Tumour vascularity is considered a prognostic indicator in breast carcinoma, but its utility in mammary phyllodes tumour has not been explored. The authors report the correlation between intratumoral microvessel density and the histological grade of phyllodes tumour. Methods and results: Forty cases of phyllodes tumour were reviewed for stromal cellularity, overgrowth, cytological pleomorphism, mitotic count and margin pattern. Using established criteria, these were diagnosed as benign (n=28), borderline (n=10) and malignant (n=2). Microvessel density was counted on CD31-stained slides as the number of vessels per high power field. For benign phyllodes tumour, the range was 7–26.2 (mean 13.1); for borderline phyllodes tumour the range was 17.2–32.5 (mean 22.4); for malignant phyllodes tumour the range was 25.9–33.3 (mean 29.6). The difference between the benign and borderline groups was significant (P 〈 0.0001) but that between the borderline and malignant groups was not, due to the small number of malignant cases. Conclusions: There is a significant difference in stromal microvessel density between benign and borderline phyllodes tumour. Although the small number of cases of malignant phyllodes tumour limits further interpretation, we believe that microvessel density can be used as an additional objective histological parameter in the evaluation of phyllodes tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2001.01150.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effectiveness and safety of nizatidine, 75 mg, for the relief of episodic heartburn (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The most frequent cause of episodic heartburn is food and beverage ingestion. Nizatidine, an H2-receptor antagonist, is currently approved for non-prescription use in the prevention and relief of heartburn at a dose of 75 mg up to twice a day.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Two identical studies were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of nizatidine, 75 mg, compared with placebo in treating heartburn in an ‘at-home’ setting. The studies were multicentre, multiple-dose, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel group design. A total of 994 subjects were randomized to treatment. Adequate relief of heartburn was assessed at 15, 30 and 45 min and 1, 2 and 3 h following a treatment dose. A subject’s responses with respect to time to relief and attainment of adequate relief were combined into a derived response profile, the sustained adequate relief score. Adverse experiences were noted throughout the study period.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:The individual and combined study results showed that nizatidine, 75 mg, relieved heartburn faster and/or more consistently than placebo. The mean sustained adequate relief score, calculated over a subject’s first four episodes, was 2.43 in the nizatidine-treated group compared with 2.14 in the placebo group (P 〈 0.001). Nizatidine-treated subjects attained sustained adequate relief in a significantly (P 〈 0.001) larger percentage (75%) of their heartburn episodes than did subjects treated with placebo (66%). No serious adverse experiences were associated with nizatidine treatment.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:Nizatidine, 75 mg, is a safe and effective treatment for episodic heartburn. The results showed that subjects taking nizatidine had heartburn relief that was achieved faster and/or more reliably than did subjects taking placebo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01073.x
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