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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric assessment of gastric antral atrophy: comparison with visual evaluation (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 39 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Morphometric assessment of gastric antral atrophy: comparison with visual evaluation Aims: As part of a multinational effort to reach a consensus in the definition and evaluation of atrophic gastritis, we applied morphometric techniques to 22 antral biopsy specimens examined visually by 12 experienced gastrointestinal pathologists. Methods and results: Atrophy was defined as loss of glands. Each pathologist graded atrophy with both non-standardized and standardized approaches. Discriminant function analyses of morphometric measurements were conducted to validate and grade atrophy. Kappa statistics were used to compare the performance of each pathologist against the group mode and against the discriminant functions’ grading of atrophy. Three morphometric indexes showed significant differences among categories of atrophy utilizing non-standardized as well as standardized visual atrophy grades: (i) the ratio of glandular length to total mucosal thickness; (ii) the proportion of the secretory compartment area occupied by glands; and (iii) the number of glandular cross sections per 40× microscopic field. The discriminant function analyses verified all cases classified visually as either non-atrophic, or moderately/severely atrophic; it verified as mildly atrophic 40% of the cases classified visually as mildly atrophic; and classified the remaining 60% as moderately or severely atrophic. The κ statistics were good or excellent for the majority of pathologists. Conclusions: The evaluation of antral atrophy, simply defined as loss of glands, can be reliable and reproducible. The visual grading of atrophy as absent, moderate and severe is entirely consistent with objective morphometric observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2001.01221.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What is the significance of muciphages in colorectal biopsies? (2000)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 36 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Muciphages (mucin-containing macrophages), first described in 1966 by Azzopardi & Evans, are a common feature of biopsies of large intestinal mucosa, even in the absence of other abnormalities such as active inflammation or evidence of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Should they be mentioned in diagnostic reports? Do muciphages reliably indicate previous mucosal disease, now quiescent? In the following articles, Salto-Tellez & Price review what is known about muciphages and conclude that they reflect previous occult and clinically unimportant mucosal damage and that, in an otherwise normal colorectal mucosa, they have no diagnostic significance; and Shepherd draws attention to a wide range of clinically much more significant mucosal infiltrates that could be mistakenly regarded as muciphages and thus overlooked.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2000.0954a.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Granulomatous ulcerative colitis: a re-appraisal of the mucosal granuloma in the distinction of Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 41 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Granulomatous ulcerative colitis: a re-appraisal of the mucosal granuloma in the distinction of Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis Aims: To determine whether the presence and location of giant cells or granulomas in relation to crypts distinguishes between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Methods and results: Twenty-nine large bowel mucosal biopsy specimens showing giant cells and/or granulomas in a background more typical of ulcerative colitis than Crohn's disease were collected between 1986 and 1996. Each was subject to detailed independent analysis by three histopathologists. Follow-up of the cases was by examination of all previous and subsequent gastrointestinal surgical or biopsy material and by scrutiny of the clinical notes by a gastroenterologist. On the basis of the accumulated histological data 10 of these 29 cases were accorded the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. In nine of these 10 cases the clinical diagnosis, where known, was in keeping with this and all nine contained only crypt-associated giant cells and/or granulomas. The tenth case contained a solitary free-standing granuloma and clinically the patient had perianal disease, suggesting that the true diagnosis was Crohn's disease. Conclusions: Isolated giant cells and well-defined epithelioid granulomas distant from crypts do not, as a rule, occur in ulcerative colitis, and hence their presence in a colonoscopic biopsy showing features of chronic inflammatory bowel disease is a strong pointer towards the diagnosis of Crohn's disease. Crypt-associated giant cells and granulomas can occur in ulcerative colitis and in themselves are unreliable features for the discrimination between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2002.01416.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric mucosal atrophy: interobserver consistency using new criteria for classification and grading (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and aims : Considerable difficulties persist amongst pathologists in agreeing on the presence and severity of gastric atrophy. An international group of pathologists pursued the following aims: (i) to generate an acceptable definition and a simple reproducible classification of gastric atrophy; and (ii) to develop guidelines for the recognition of atrophy useful for increasing agreement among observers.Methods : After redefining atrophy as the ‘loss of appropriate glands’ and examining histological samples from different gastric compartments, three categories were identified: (i) negative; (ii) indefinite; (iii) atrophy, with and without intestinalization. Atrophy was graded on a three-level scale. Interobserver reproducibility of the classification was tested by κ statistics (general and weighted) in a series of 48 cases.Results : The medians of the general agreement and weighted κ values were 0.78 and 0.73, respectively. The weighted κ coefficients, obtained by cross-tabulating the evaluation of each pathologist against all others, were, with only one exception, 〉 0.4 (moderate to excellent agreement).Conclusions : By using the definition of atrophy as the loss of appropriate glands and distinguishing the two main morphological entities of metaplastic and non-metaplastic types, a high level of agreement was achieved by a group of gastrointestinal pathologists trained in different cultural contexts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01301.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A combined RFLP and AFLP linkage map of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) used to identify QTLs for root-penetration ability (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 49-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Drought resistance ; Oryza sativa ; QTL ; Rice ; Root penetration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Acombined RFLP and AFLP linkage map of an F6 recombinant inbred population, which was derived from a previously mapped F2 of a cross between the two drought resistant upland rice varieties Bala and Azucena, is presented. The map contains 101 RFLP and 34 AFLP markers on 17 linkage groups covering 1680 cM. Also presented is the approximate mapping position of a further four RFLP and 75 AFLP markers, which either could not be given a unique place on the map or for which the available data is not sufficient to allow confident positioning, and the result of quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of traits related to root-penetration ability. Root penetration was assessed by counting the number of root axes that penetrated a 3 mm-thick layer consisting of 80% wax and 20% white soft paraffin. Good root penetration would be expected to increase drought resistance where soil strength is high. Single-marker analysis revealed seven QTLs for the number of roots which penetrate the wax layer. In identical locations were seven QTLs for the ratio of penetrated to the total number of roots. Transgressive inheritance of positive alleles from Bala explained four of these QTLs. Comparison of the QTLs identified here with previous reports of QTLs for root morphology suggest that alleles which improve root penetration ability may also either make the roots longer or thicker.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050007
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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