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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipoprotein-X and diagnosis of cholestasis: Comparison with other biochemical parameters and liver biopsy
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 85 (1978), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-8981(78)90098-0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric cancer: problems in histological diagnosis (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 6 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The reproducibility of the most recent histological classifications for gastric cancer was studied. A comparison of the results obtained independently by both authors using the criteria of Lauren, Ming, Mulligan and WHO, showed that highest reproducibility was achieved with the WHO classification. However, an acceptable accuracy in diagnosis for the other three classifications was obtained. This study confirms the validity of the WHO criterion for initial diagnosis, while the other classifications should be kept for further specific investigations, such as epidemiological or prognostic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1982.tb02736.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathology of the gastric antrum and body associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in non-ulcerous patients: is the bacterium a promoter of intestinal metaplasia? (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 22 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A series of 115 consecutive, non-ulcerous, dyspeptic patients were examined for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization in the gastric antral and/or body mucosa using Giemsa staining. Findings were correlated with the presence and degree of activity of superficial gastritis, deep gastritis, atrophic gastritis and with the presence of intestinal metaplasia. The prevalence of H. pylori positivity was 61.7%. In 59 of the 71 positive patients (83%), H. pylori was detected in the antrum or in both the antral and oxyntic mucosa. In the remaining 12 positive patients, H. pylori was detected only in the oxyntic mucosa and in all these cases, the antrum showed intestinal metaplasia associated with atrophic gastritis (25%). In both antral and oxyntic mucosa, the activity of the gastritis was significantly correlated with H. pylori colonization. Linear logistic regression analysis showed that in patients with intestinal metaplasia the presence of H. pylori infection was significant in predicting the presence of more extensive intestinal metaplasia after adjusting for age. The prevalence of intestinal metaplasia types II and III was 65.5% in the H. pylori positive and 25% in the H. pylori negative patients. The antral mucosa is thought to be the elective site for H. pylori related histological lesions. At a later stage, H. pylori can be detected only in the oxyntic area while the antral mucosa shows extensive metaplastic or atrophic lesions. We would suggest that H. pylori plays a promotional role in the morphogenesis of intestinal metaplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1993.tb00062.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric assessment of gastric antral atrophy: comparison with visual evaluation (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 39 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Morphometric assessment of gastric antral atrophy: comparison with visual evaluation Aims: As part of a multinational effort to reach a consensus in the definition and evaluation of atrophic gastritis, we applied morphometric techniques to 22 antral biopsy specimens examined visually by 12 experienced gastrointestinal pathologists. Methods and results: Atrophy was defined as loss of glands. Each pathologist graded atrophy with both non-standardized and standardized approaches. Discriminant function analyses of morphometric measurements were conducted to validate and grade atrophy. Kappa statistics were used to compare the performance of each pathologist against the group mode and against the discriminant functions’ grading of atrophy. Three morphometric indexes showed significant differences among categories of atrophy utilizing non-standardized as well as standardized visual atrophy grades: (i) the ratio of glandular length to total mucosal thickness; (ii) the proportion of the secretory compartment area occupied by glands; and (iii) the number of glandular cross sections per 40× microscopic field. The discriminant function analyses verified all cases classified visually as either non-atrophic, or moderately/severely atrophic; it verified as mildly atrophic 40% of the cases classified visually as mildly atrophic; and classified the remaining 60% as moderately or severely atrophic. The κ statistics were good or excellent for the majority of pathologists. Conclusions: The evaluation of antral atrophy, simply defined as loss of glands, can be reliable and reproducible. The visual grading of atrophy as absent, moderate and severe is entirely consistent with objective morphometric observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2001.01221.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric cancer: problems in histogenesi (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 7 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Intestinal metaplasia in the mucosa adjacent to a gastric carcinoma suggests that some carcinomas of the stomach might arise from metaplastic mucosa, as well as the existence of a gastric cancer with morphological features resembling intestinal mucosa. In this study, the extent of intestinal metaplasia of adjacent mucosa, the type of intestinal metaplasia (complete or incomplete), the degree of tumour differentiation, the type and quantity of mucins secreted by neoplastic cells and morphological features of the tumours were evaluated in 59 cases of gastric carcinoma. An analysis of the findings suggests that a carcinoma may arise in the stomach with features of association with incomplete metaplasia and histochemical and histological patterns which mimic carcinomas of the large intestine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1983.tb02282.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric mucosal atrophy: interobserver consistency using new criteria for classification and grading (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and aims : Considerable difficulties persist amongst pathologists in agreeing on the presence and severity of gastric atrophy. An international group of pathologists pursued the following aims: (i) to generate an acceptable definition and a simple reproducible classification of gastric atrophy; and (ii) to develop guidelines for the recognition of atrophy useful for increasing agreement among observers.Methods : After redefining atrophy as the ‘loss of appropriate glands’ and examining histological samples from different gastric compartments, three categories were identified: (i) negative; (ii) indefinite; (iii) atrophy, with and without intestinalization. Atrophy was graded on a three-level scale. Interobserver reproducibility of the classification was tested by κ statistics (general and weighted) in a series of 48 cases.Results : The medians of the general agreement and weighted κ values were 0.78 and 0.73, respectively. The weighted κ coefficients, obtained by cross-tabulating the evaluation of each pathologist against all others, were, with only one exception, 〉 0.4 (moderate to excellent agreement).Conclusions : By using the definition of atrophy as the loss of appropriate glands and distinguishing the two main morphological entities of metaplastic and non-metaplastic types, a high level of agreement was achieved by a group of gastrointestinal pathologists trained in different cultural contexts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01301.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pre-neoplastic states of the gastric mucosa–a practical approach for the perplexed clinician (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The sequence leading to gastric cancer can be schematically reduced to Helicobacter pylori infection–chronic gastritis–atrophy–intestinal metaplasia–dysplasia–neoplasia. Although clinicians have not yet developed a uniform approach to the treatment of gastritis (when should H. pylori infection be treated?), the entity itself is not the subject of controversy. All other lesions are still the focus of debate. There are no guidelines for the management of patients with intestinal metaplasia; pathologists are still searching for universal diagnostic criteria for atrophic gastritis; dysplasia and early neoplasia have elicited scientific diatribes between Japanese and Western pathologists. Amidst such controversies and in the absence of guidelines to regulate the management of gastric lesions, the responsibility to provide sensible clinical advice is often bestowed upon pathologists.This review discusses whether pathologists have access to sufficient evidence to provide the requested advice, and whether a consensus on the management of gastric ‘pre-neoplastic’ states is within reach. We conclude that, although many sensible and useful definitions, criteria and classifications are being generated, the final decision on how to manage the individual patient with gastric lesions will continue to be based on the communication between pathologist and clinician.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00110.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What have we learnt from gastric biopsy? (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pathologists would claim that the most reliable information obtained on gastric diseases is pathology-based. This manuscript summarizes the four major biopsy-based contributions to the current knowledge of non-neoplastic gastric diseases: (i) the in vivo definition of gastritis; (ii) the recognition of the clinicopathological patterns of gastritis; (iii) the morphological links between gastritis and stomach cancer; and finally (iv) the recent information on the possible reversibility of early or advanced precancerous gastric lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.17.s2.15.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    bcl-2 and p53 immunophenotypes in pre-invasive, early and advanced oesophageal squamous cancer (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 31 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An inverse correlation between bcl-2 and p53 expression has been reported in several types of epithelial tumour. The role of bcl-2 and p53 in the development of oesophageal squamous carcinoma has yet to be established. The expression of bcl-2 and p53 proteins has been evaluated in the multistage oesophageal tumorigenesis, which progresses from normal mucosa to dysplasia (squamous intraepithelial lesion, SIL), to invasive early and advanced oesophageal squamous cancer.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods and results:Sixty-four cases of squamous oesophageal cancer, coexisting with SIL in 18 cases, were immunohistochemically analysed for any overexpression of bcl-2 and p53 proteins. Any association of bcl-2 and p53 protein expression with patient survival was also analysed. We observed bcl-2 expression that decreased significantly during the progression of oesophageal carcinogenesis. A decreasing frequency in the expression of bcl-2 in advanced oesophageal squamous cancer coincided with frequent p53 overexpression. bcl-2 expression was correlated with patient survival by univariate analysis. The association disappeared after adjusting for tumour stage. p53 overexpression showed no association with patient survival by either univariate or multivariate analysis.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The down-regulation of bcl-2 and up-regulation of p53 in advanced oesophageal squamous cancer suggest that bcl-2 and p53 proteins may interact in the progression of oesophageal squamous cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1997.2970888.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence ofHelicobacter pylori on tryptase and cathepsin D in peptic ulcer (1995)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 40 (1995), S. 2473-2476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: peptic ulcer ; tryptase ; cathepsin D ; Helicobacter pylori
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We here ascertain whether tryptase (a serine endoprotease released by mast cells) and cathepsin D (CD, a lysosomal hydrolase that seems able to derange the extracellular matrix) play a part in peptic ulcer disease and whether they are linked toHelicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. We studied 13 controls, 25 patients with gastric ulcer, 47 with duodenal ulcer, and 11 with duodenitis. Tryptase and CD were measured in mucosal biopsies (body and antrum of the stomach and duodenum) using IRMA methods. Hp infection was histologically evaluated (Giemsa). Tryptase and CD levels were higher (25%) in patients with active peptic ulcer, whether gastric or duodenal. In Hp-positive patients the CD mucosal content was higher while tryptase mucosal levels were lower than in Hp-negative patients. Tryptase was correlated with gastrin content. CD seems to be mainly related to the phlogistic reaction of the mucosa to Hp infection; tryptase may reflect an indirect link between Hp infection, gastrin release, and the function of mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02063258
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