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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid unfavorable outcome of wegener's granulomatosis in early childhood (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 131 (1979), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Wegener's Granulomatosis ; Azathioprine and cyclophosphamide ; Immunodeficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Wegener's Granulomatosis was suspected in a 27-month-old female with a nodular, necrotizing lesion of the nose, diffuse subcutaneous nodules, and erythematous desquamation of the entire body. From 20 months of age on she had a purulent nasal discharge, recurrent infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, a Coombs positive anemia, and enlargement of the spleen and liver. Treatment with azathioprine and corticosteroids produced transient improvement but three months later a dramatic relapse occurred. Cyclophosphamide was substituted for azathioprine but 10 days later the patient died and the autopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Wegener's Granulomatosis. The early age of onset of the disease may explain the unfavorable outcome, despite treatment with cytotoxic agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444349
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric assessment of gastric antral atrophy: comparison with visual evaluation (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 39 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Morphometric assessment of gastric antral atrophy: comparison with visual evaluation Aims: As part of a multinational effort to reach a consensus in the definition and evaluation of atrophic gastritis, we applied morphometric techniques to 22 antral biopsy specimens examined visually by 12 experienced gastrointestinal pathologists. Methods and results: Atrophy was defined as loss of glands. Each pathologist graded atrophy with both non-standardized and standardized approaches. Discriminant function analyses of morphometric measurements were conducted to validate and grade atrophy. Kappa statistics were used to compare the performance of each pathologist against the group mode and against the discriminant functions’ grading of atrophy. Three morphometric indexes showed significant differences among categories of atrophy utilizing non-standardized as well as standardized visual atrophy grades: (i) the ratio of glandular length to total mucosal thickness; (ii) the proportion of the secretory compartment area occupied by glands; and (iii) the number of glandular cross sections per 40× microscopic field. The discriminant function analyses verified all cases classified visually as either non-atrophic, or moderately/severely atrophic; it verified as mildly atrophic 40% of the cases classified visually as mildly atrophic; and classified the remaining 60% as moderately or severely atrophic. The κ statistics were good or excellent for the majority of pathologists. Conclusions: The evaluation of antral atrophy, simply defined as loss of glands, can be reliable and reproducible. The visual grading of atrophy as absent, moderate and severe is entirely consistent with objective morphometric observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2001.01221.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Helicobacter pylori infection is not involved in the pathogenesis of either erosive or non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : The majority of reflux patients have non-erosive reflux disease.Aim : To evaluate the influence of Helicobacter pylori on oesophageal acid exposure in patients with both non-erosive and erosive reflux disease and in a group of controls. The pattern and distribution of chronic gastritis were also assessed.Methods : One hundred and twelve consecutive patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease agreed to undergo both upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and 24-h oesophageal pH-metry. Patients were grouped as H. pylori-positive or H. pylori-negative on the basis of both CLO-test and histology, and as cases with or without oesophagitis on the basis of endoscopy. The controls consisted of 19 subjects without reflux symptoms and with normal endoscopy and oesophageal pH-metry.Results : H. pylori was positive in 35 patients (31%) and in six controls (31%); oesophagitis was found in 44 patients (39%) and non-erosive reflux disease in 68 (61%). The prevalence of chronic gastritis in the antrum and corpus was higher in H. pylori-positive than in H. pylori-negative patients (P 〈 0.001), but was more frequently mild (P 〈 0.001) than moderate or severe. The percentage total time the oesophageal pH 〈 4.0 was higher in patients than in controls (P 〈 0.008–0.001), but there was no difference between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients (12.3% vs. 12%, P = 0.43) or H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative controls (1.07% vs. 1.47%, P = 0.19).Conclusions : H. pylori infection had the same prevalence in reflux patients and in controls. It did not affect oesophageal acid exposure, as there was no difference between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative individuals. The high prevalence of mild body gastritis in H. pylori-positive patients suggests that H. pylori eradication is unlikely to lead to gastric functional recovery, which might precipitate or worsen symptoms and lesions in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01547.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton pump inhibitors, enterochromaffin-like cell growth and Helicobacter pylori gastritis (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 7 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In both rodents and humans the development of gastrin-promoted gastric argyrophil enterochromaffin-like cell carcinoids requires the involvement of a genetic factor inherent to multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome or of type A autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis. Prolonged severe hypergastrinaemia acting on non-gastritic mucosa, as in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome patients, results in diffuse argyrophil enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia but, as a rule, does not produce tumours. Combination of chronic atrophic gastritis (mostly related to Helicobacter pylori infection) with hypergastrinaemia frequently causes linear and micronodular hyperplasia of argyrophil cells, whereas carcinoids are exceptional. No tumours or preneoplastic lesions have been observed in patients treated long-term with proton pump inhibitors, apart from rare cases in patients with combined Zollinger-Ellison and multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. A moderate increase in the incidence of argyrophil cell clustering, with or without hyperplasia, probably results from the parallel evolution of ulcer-associated Helicobacter gastritis into chronic atrophic gastritis. Eradication of H. pylori with a combination of proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics suppresses gastritis and prevents ulcer recurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1993.tb00584.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric mucosal atrophy: interobserver consistency using new criteria for classification and grading (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and aims : Considerable difficulties persist amongst pathologists in agreeing on the presence and severity of gastric atrophy. An international group of pathologists pursued the following aims: (i) to generate an acceptable definition and a simple reproducible classification of gastric atrophy; and (ii) to develop guidelines for the recognition of atrophy useful for increasing agreement among observers.Methods : After redefining atrophy as the ‘loss of appropriate glands’ and examining histological samples from different gastric compartments, three categories were identified: (i) negative; (ii) indefinite; (iii) atrophy, with and without intestinalization. Atrophy was graded on a three-level scale. Interobserver reproducibility of the classification was tested by κ statistics (general and weighted) in a series of 48 cases.Results : The medians of the general agreement and weighted κ values were 0.78 and 0.73, respectively. The weighted κ coefficients, obtained by cross-tabulating the evaluation of each pathologist against all others, were, with only one exception, 〉 0.4 (moderate to excellent agreement).Conclusions : By using the definition of atrophy as the loss of appropriate glands and distinguishing the two main morphological entities of metaplastic and non-metaplastic types, a high level of agreement was achieved by a group of gastrointestinal pathologists trained in different cultural contexts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01301.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucagon- and PP-related peptides of intestinal L cells and pancreatic/gastric A or PP cells. Possible interrelationships of peptides and cells during evolution, fetal development and tumor growth
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 6 (1985), S. 223-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Electronmicroscopy ; Endocrine cells ; Endocrine tumors ; Glicentin ; Glucagon ; Gut ; Immunocytochemistry ; PP-icosapeptide ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) ; Peptide YY (PYY)
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(85)90378-X
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucagon, glicentin, proglucagon, PYY, PP and proPP-icosapeptide immunoreactivities of rectal carcinoid tumors and related non-tumor cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 17 (1987), S. 9-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Keywords: 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Glicentin ; Glucagon ; Immunohistochemistry ; PP ; PP-icosapeptide ; PYY ; Proglucagon fragment ; Rectal carcinoid ; Tumor marker
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-0115(87)90029-2
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Na^+,K^+-ATPase of gastric cells A target of Helicobacter pylori cytotoxic activity
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 334 (1993), S. 158-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Cell vacuolation ; Cultured gastric cells ; Cytotoxicity ; Helicobacter pylori ; K^+-dependent phosphatase activity ; Na^+,K^+-ATPase
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(93)81703-3
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carditis in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: results of a controlled study based on both endoscopy and 24-h oesophageal pH monitoring (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : There are conflicting reports on the role of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Helicobacter pylori infection in the aetiology of carditis.Aim : The role of reflux and H. pylori infection in causing carditis was assessed in 113 consecutive patients with GERD and in 25 controls.Methods : All subjects underwent endoscopy and pH test and carditis was diagnosed on biopsies taken across the squamocolumnar junction. Helicobacter pylori was assessed by histology and rapid urease test. GERD was diagnosed by endoscopic oesophagitis or abnormal pH test.Results : Carditis was detected in 53 of 71 GERD patients and in 15 of 20 controls. Among patients, 18 showed absent, 39 mild and 14 marked cardia inflammation and their H. pylori infection rates were 17, 23 and 57%, respectively (P 〈 0.025). Most patients with carditis (68%) lacked H. pylori infection. pH-metry was abnormal in 15 of 18 patients with normal cardia, 33 of 39 with mild carditis and 12 of 14 with marked inflammation.Conclusions : Carditis is a frequent finding in GERD and controls. Mild, non-active carditis is frequent in GERD patients. Marked inflammation is associated with both H. pylori and abnormal pH testing. Thus, both GERD and H. pylori infection may play a role in inducing carditis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02000.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A randomized, double-blind trial of the efficacy and safety of 10 or 20 mg rabeprazole compared with 20 mg omeprazole in the maintenance of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease over 5 years (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease has a chronic course, and often requires long-term treatment. Proton pump inhibitors are the treatment of choice for both acute and maintenance treatment, but little is known from randomized controlled trials of their effects beyond 1 year.Aim : To compare the efficacy and safety of two doses of rabeprazole with 20 mg omeprazole in the maintenance treatment of erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease over 5 years.Methods : Two hundred and forty-three patients who had previously responded to acute treatment for erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease were prospectively randomized to receive 5 years of treatment with rabeprazole (10 or 20 mg daily) or omeprazole (20 mg daily). The primary outcome measure was endoscopically confirmed relapse of erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.Results : One hundred and twenty-three patients (51%) completed all 5 years of the study, with similar completion rates in the three groups. Relapses occurred in nine of 78 (11.5%), eight of 82 (9.8%) and 11 of 83 (13.3%) patients in the rabeprazole 20 mg, rabeprazole 10 mg and omeprazole 20 mg groups, respectively. Gastric biopsy showed no evidence of any harmful effects. All treatments were well tolerated.Conclusions : Rabeprazole 10 mg, rabeprazole 20 mg and omeprazole 20 mg all had similar efficacy in the maintenance treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. All three were safe and well tolerated during 5 years of treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01446.x
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