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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and magnetic domain structure in sputtered epitaxial FePt (001) L10 films (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 5686-5692 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic domain structure and magnetization curves of chemically ordered epitaxial FePt (001) films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are discussed. Films were dc magnetron sputtered from a Fe50Pt50 alloy target onto Pt seeded MgO (001) at substrate temperatures of 550 °C. The thickness of the FePt layers was varied between 18 and 170 nm. Specular and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction measurements confirm the presence of the anisotropic, face centered tetragonal (L10) crystal structure. Long range chemical order parameters of up to 0.95 and small mosaic spread, similar to results reported for FePt (001) films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. For film thicknesses ≥50 nm in-plane and out-of-plane hysteresis measurements indicate large perpendicular magnetic anisotropies and at the same time low (about 10%) perpendicular remanence. Magnetic force microscopy reveals highly interconnected perpendicular stripe domain patterns. From their characteristic widths, which are strongly dependent on the film thickness, a value of the dipolar length D0∼50±5 nm is derived. Assuming an exchange constant of 10−6 erg/cm, this value is consistent with an anisotropy constant K1∼1×108 erg/cc. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368831
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunological importance of the second gut segment of carp. (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 35 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Lymphocytes, plasma cells, granulocytes (three to four types), macrophages and monocyte-like cells were ultrastructurally distinguished in the intestinal mucosa of carp. Neutrophilic granulocytes and lymphoid cells were present in and under the epithelium throughout the gut. In contrast to macrophages which dominated in the epithelium of the second segment, basophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes (and their intermediates) were mainly found in the connective tissue of the first segment. Applying monoclonal antibodies against serum immunoglobulin (Ig) in an immunogold technique, only a minority of lymphoid cells appeared to be Ig-immunoreactive at their external membrane, suggesting the presence of many more T than B cells in the intestinal mucosa. Except for cells which resembled immature plasma cells, plasma cells did not show, or hardly showed, Ig at their surface. In contrast with the head kidney, plasma cells with an Ig-immunoreactive cytoplasm were scarce in the intestinal mucosa. As mucosa plasma cells were regularly found with the electron microscope, they possibly contain another class of Ig. Macrophages and monocyte-like cells were also found to be Ig-immunoreactive, suggesting the presence of immune complexes at their external membrane. The immunological significance of B- and T-like lymphocytes next to immune complex-binding and antigen-presenting macrophages in the second gut segment is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb02966.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of carp thrombocytes with specific monoclonal antibodies (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 49 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Monoclonal antibodies (WCL6) specific for carp Cyprinus carpio thrombocytes were produced by immunizing mice with membrane lysates of IgM-negative peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) and selected on the negative reaction with B cells. WCL6 was reactive with a membrane molecule of approximately 90 kDa and to a lesser extent with molecules of approximately 95 and 110 kDa. In general, between 30 and 40% of PBL were WCL6+ and appeared to be round to spindle-shaped cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of cryo-sections showed much higher numbers of WCL6+ cells in the spleen than in the pronephros, intestine and thymus. Flow cytometric analysis of cell suspensions isolated from these organs only revealed WCL6+ cells (4–10%) in the spleen. Electron microscopy of immunogold-stained WCL6+ PBL showed round but also some spindle-shaped cells with canalicular and granular structures, and a more irregular and electron-dense nucleus than found in lymphocytes. WCL6+ cells with electrondense pyknotic nuclei (without a clear nuclear envelope) were found also and their frequency increased with the length of the isolation and staining procedure used. In the spleen, several differentiation steps of WCL6+ cells were found and hence the spleen seems to be the thrombopoietic organ in carp. Thrombocytes from blood could be activated with collagen; the collagen-activated cells showed a higher side (90°) scatter by flow cytometric analysis and finally considerable cell death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb00047.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 protein are inverse factors influencing tumour cell turnover in primary carcinoid tumours of the lung (1998)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 33 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study evaluates potential regulating factors in primary pulmonary carcinoid tumours, 16 typical and four atypical samples, with special emphasis on apoptosis and the bcl-2 gene family. Furthermore, p53-related oncogenes were analysed in a search for associated biological parameters.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods and resultsThe in-situ end-labelling technique (ISEL) was used to determine apoptotic cells, in addition to immunohistochemical methods, which were used to investigate the expression of the Ki67 antigen (avidin–biotin complex (ABC) method) and bcl-2, bcl-x, p53, p21/waf1, p27 and mdm-2 proteins (catalysed reporter deposition (CARD) technique). The incidence of apoptotic tumour cells was significantly enhanced in typical carcinoids. The bcl-2 protein was expressed to a higher degree in atypical carcinoids, which displayed a higher proliferative capacity as well. In contrast, bcl-x was observed predominantly in so-called typical carcinoids. The tumour cell turnover index was the most distinguishing parameter between both entities. All carcinoid tumours failed to show a staining for p53, p21/waf, p27 and mdm-2 proteins.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsThe different biological behaviour of the carcinoid tumours under study seems to be influenced by the bcl-2 gene family preventing programmed cell death. We speculate that this results in a more aggressive course in atypical carcinoid tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1998.00466.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) reveals that in chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) following interferon-α therapy, normalization of megakaryocyte size is associated with the loss of bcr/abl translocation (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 31 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In addition to predominant granulocytic proliferation, bone marrow morphology in Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph1+) CML is characterized by atypical dwarf or microforms of megakaryocytes. However, following therapy with interferon-α2b (IFN), these micromegakaryocytes occur less frequently. The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether the reappearance of normal megakaryocytes may be associated also with a reduction of the bcr/abl-positive cell clone.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods and results:Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) technique in combination with immunomorphometry (CD61) was performed on trephine biopsies. A total of 311 CD61-positive megakaryocytes, including precursors and atypical microforms, were evaluated in pre-treatment specimens derived from 11 patients with Ph1+ CML. A specific fusion site marking the bcr/abl translocation was found in 87% of megakaryocytes which showed a size of 169 ± 35 μm2. In untreated patients, atypical microforms (size 200 μm2) were observed in 66% of the total megakaryocytic population. Following IFN therapy 369 megakaryocytes could be analysed in sequential examinations and were found to display a significant decrease (63%) in positive fusion signals. In addition there was also a significant enhancement in average size (252 ± 66 μm2) reflecting a reduction in the number of micromegakaryocytes (43%). These findings were particularly conspicuous in three patients with a major to complete cytogenetic remission.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:A normalization of megakaryocyte size following IFN therapy in CML is significantly associated with a loss of the bcr/abl translocation site and therefore indicates a (partial) recovery of normal haematopoiesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1997.2480853.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of apoptosis in HIV-myelopathy, myelodysplastic syndromes and non-specific inflammatory lesions of the bone marrow (1997)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 30 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Myelodysplastic syndromes, AIDS-related myelopathy and non-specific inflammatory reactions (mostly rheumatoid myelitis) are characterized by normo- to hypercellular bone marrow, but frequently display cytopenias in the peripheral blood. In the current study we have addressed the question whether this situation reflects an increased programmed cell death in haemopoiesis. For this purpose, the in situ end-labelling technique was applied to formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded trephine biopsies derived from patients and a control group without any haematological disorder. Results were evaluated by morphometry. Significantly more apoptotic cell death was observed in the haemopoietic marrow of patients with either disease. Using double-immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal antibody PG-M1 (CD68), we were able to demonstrate that approximately one third of the apoptotic cells were ingested by macrophages. Our findings are in keeping with previously published data that postulated increased frequencies of macrophages in these disorders as well as raised serum levels of TNF-α.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1997.d01-622.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of DDT and its metabolites on soil algae and enzymatic activity (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 29 (1999), S. 130-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words DDT ; Metabolites ; Persistence ; Toxicity ; Microalgae ; Soil enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  The persistence of DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] and its metabolites in soil, their toxicity to soil algae, and effects on microbial activities were studied in laboratory microcosms for 45 days. In non-sterile soils, removal of DDD [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] and DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene] was less than 3%, while 4–8% of applied DDMU [1-chloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene], DDA [2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)acetic acid] and DDT were lost. Added DDOH [2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethanol] was more labile, as 60% was degraded during the same period. Soil microalgae were not measurably affected by the compounds tested at 10–50 mg kg–1, but at 100 mg kg–1 soil, DDD, DBP (p,p′-dichlorobenzophenone) and DDA significantly reduced their growth. Phosphatase activity was not affected by DDT and its metabolites at the concentrations tested (≤50 mg kg–1), but all compounds inhibited dehydrogenase activity at concentrations of 50 mg kg–1 soil. The toxic effects of DDT and its metabolites were dose-related.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050534
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Idiopathic Myelofibrosis in a Cat and in Three Dogs (1999)
    Springer
    Comparative clinical pathology 9 (1999), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2981
    Keywords: Key words:Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia – Bone marrow – Chronic myeloproliferative disorder – Enzyme histochemistry – Idiopathic myelofibrosis – Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) in an 8-year-old cat and in three dogs, aged 4, 8 and 3 years, respectively, is discussed. Haematologically, the prefibrotic IMF of the FeLV (feline leukaemia virus)-positive cat exhibited an aleukaemic pattern of development with thrombocytosis; gross-pathologically, it exhibited a splenomegaly, and histologically, abnormal (polymorphic) medullary megakaryocytopoiesis and increased neutrophilic granulocytopoiesis with neoplastic bilinear extramedullary haematopoiesis (myeloid metaplasia, MM) in the spleen and liver. Haematologically, the canine IMFs exhibited anaemia, with white blood cell values ranging between leucocytosis and leucopenia, and thrombocyte values from the normal range to thrombocytopenia. Gross-pathologically, they exhibited hepatosplenomegaly, and histologically, a medullary proliferation of abnormal (polymorphic) megakaryocytes with conspicuous concentration in clusters, reticulin fibrosis and, in two cases, the occurrence of distended sinusoids with intravascular haematopoiesis. Extramedullary neoplastic haematopoiesis (MM) was found in the spleen and liver in particular. From the differential diagnostic perspective, the following morphological criteria are particularly relevant: largely mature, polymorphic megakaryocytes, distended bone marrow sinusoids, only a small number of blast cells in the bone marrow, MM of the spleen and liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010002
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chondromatosis of the ankle joint (Reichel syndrome) (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 437-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Joint chondromatosis ; Recurrence ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of chondromatosis of the upper ankle joint in childhood is described. It is a monoarticular disease with a good prognosis, frequently without known prior trauma or inflammation, although often free fragments of cartilage are seen in the joint cavities. It originates from the synovium of the joint, and is known in the literature as Reichel syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050627
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histopathology of the bone marrow in toxic myelopathy (1985)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 405 (1985), S. 225-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Myelopathy ; Drug effect ; Toxicity ; Histopathology ; Bone marrow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Following the introduction of numerous highly effective drugs in recent decades, haematologists are confronted with a panmyelopathy or “toxic myelopathy” originating from the exhibition of certain therapeutic regimens. Among 16,711 trephines referred to us in the last 5 1/2 years, 57 cases or 0.34 percent were found to have clear evidence of lesions caused by the ingestion of potentially toxic agents. The evaluation of the histopathology shows two groups of alterations which concern the haematopoietic parenchyma as well as the mesenchyme of the bone marrow. Different degrees of cellularity ranging from aplasia to regenerative hyperplasia and a pronounced mesenchymal reaction with proteinaceous oedema, perivascular plasmacytosis and frequent necrobiosis of neutrophilic granulocytes or cellular debris are the most conspicuous features. However, the histopathology of the bone marrow described gives no indication of the specific drug responsible and no specific suggestion of any group of drugs. Generally the histopathology allows the recognition of lesions which are induced by the toxicity of these agents. Therefore a bone marrow biopsy should be included in the diagnostic procedures whenever a toxic lesion is suspected of causing haematological disorders, particularly in all cases of uncertain pancytopenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00704374
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