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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distinct modes of melatonin secretion in normal men (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of pineal research 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-079X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: As for many hormones, melatonin levels in the blood suggest that it is discharged from the pineal gland in a pulsatile manner. Recently, the existence of short-term episodes, superimposed on the circadian pattern of circulating melatonin, has been questioned. Because plasma melatonin levels reflect not only the secretory process, but also the effects of distribution and degradation, secretory rates were estimated from peripheral levels, using a deconvolution procedure. Fourteen healthy volunteers were studied during the night, while sleeping in the dark (2300–0700), and seven of them subsequently were used in a replicate study. Plasma melatonin levels were measured at 10-min intervals by a direct, specific radioimmunoassay. Pulse analysis was performed using the computer program ULTRA. Approximately 30% more pulses were detected on the overall secretory profiles than on plasma profiles. The pulses occurred at random intervals and were often superimposed on tonic basal secretion. Their number, amplitude, and distribution over time were variable depending on subjects. Also the mean melatonin secretory rate varied more than threefold across individuals. Despite the large interindividual variability, the subjects, who were used in replicate experiment, displayed a rather similar secretory profile. We conclude that in normal adult men, melatonin secretion undergoes two distinct secretory modes, in which episodic secretion is superimposed on tonic secretion in subject-dependent variable proportions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.1995.tb00151.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of triazolam on thermal heat balance in poor sleepers (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 173-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: benzodiazepine ; thermoregulation ; sleep ; rectal temperature ; mean skin temperature ; noise ; triazolam ; cortisol excretion ; urinary catecholamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of a benzodiazepine (triazolam) on the body temperature of poor sleepers during nights disturbed by airplane noises has been examined. Subjects were divided into 3 groups each of 8 men. Following a double-blind design, Group A (controls) received a placebo for 6 consecutive nights, Group B received 0.25 mg triazolam, and Group C received 0.5 mg triazolam on nights N3, N4 and N5. On all other nights Group B and C subjects received placebo. For all 3 groups, nights N3 and N5 were disturbed by 32, semi-randomly distributed airplane noises. Air and wall temperatures (To=20°C), and air humidity (Tdp=10°C), were kept constant. Rectal temperature and 4 local skin temperatures were recorded from each subject. Urine samples were collected each morning for measurement of cortisol and catecholamine levels. Noise was found to cause an increase in body heat storage, but only in Group A. Both drug groups showed impairment of body heat balance. The hypothermic action of triazolam could be explained both by a central action of the drug on the thermoregulatory controller and by a peripheral action on blood vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544042
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma catecholamines and pituitary adrenal hormones in response to noise exposure (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 43 (1980), S. 253-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Noise ; Plasma catecholamines ; Pituitary adrenal hormones ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To evaluate the immediate effect of exposure to a high level of noise on the sympatho-adrenal and pituitary-adrenal systems, measurements were made of circulating catecholamines, growth hormone, ACTH, and cortisol in seven normal male subjects. They were studied on two random experimental days: a control day and a noise-exposure day with an intermittent noise alternating between 99 dB (A) and 45 dB (A) for 2 h. Analysis did not reveal any variation in the plasma levels of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) or dopamine (D), measured every 20 min, which might have been related to noise exposure. Similarly, analysis of the 2-h urine samples collected from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. revealed no significant changes in urinary catecholamine excretion. Plasma levels of GH and ACTH did not differ significantly from those for control days, but cortisol showed a brief, significant levelling-off in its pattern during the exposure period. The data demonstrate that exposure to a high level of noise, although considered as “unpleasant”, does not induce any important endocrinological changes in man. These conclusions differ from those for studies on animals where reactions to noise may be related to a more general stressing situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421839
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endocrine concomitants of sweating and sweat depression (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 52 (1984), S. 225-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Hidromeiosis ; Aldosterone ; Antidiuretic hormone ; Renin activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of humid heat (Ta=43
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433397
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atrial natriuretic factor secretion: a role for atrial systolic ejection force? (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 72 (1996), S. 440-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Atrial ejection force ; Atrial natriuretic factor ; Echographic parameters ; Heart transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The increase in plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic factor in heart transplant patients has not been fully elucidated. Besides an eventual pressure or volume overload leading to passive atrial distension, the atrial tension developed during atrial systole, or atrial ejection force, which may be increased by the transplantation procedure, is an important determinant of atrial natriuretic factor release. We therefore determined the plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic factor and the maximal atrial ejection force in 15 heart transplant patients and 8 controls, matched for age and body mass. Atrial ejection force, as defined as the force exerted by the left atrium to accelerate blood into the left ventricle during atrial systole, was obtained using combined two-dimensional imaging and doppler echocardiography. Serum creatinin concentrations, heart rate [91.9 (SD 13.2) vs 71.8 (SD 10.9) beats · min−1], mean arterial blood pressure [103.9 (SD 9.8) vs 87.4 (SD 5.8) mmHg, 13.85 (SD 1.31) vs 11.65 (SD 0.77) kPa], left ventricular posterior wall thickness and interventricular septum thickness were higher in heart transplant patients compared to controls. Plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic factor was also elevated in heart transplant patients [63.9 (SD 18.1) vs 34.0 (SD 3.2) pg · ml−1; P〈0.001]. In contrast, although the left atrial area was greater in heart transplant patients [28.2 (SD 4.8) vs 15.8 (SD 2.5) cm2; P〈0.001], mitral area, transmitral Doppler A-wave maximal velocity and atrial ejection force were similar in transplant and in control patients [7.7 (SD 3.5) vs 8.9 (SD 2.8) kdyn, 77 (SD 35) vs 89 (SD 28) mN]. No significant correlation was observed between concentration of atrial natriuretic factor and atrial ejection force, either in heart transplant patients or in controls. Thus, the elevated plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic factor observed in these heart transplant patients was multifactorial in origin, and was considered to depend upon an hypersecretion rather than upon a decreased clearance rate. Moreover, it is suggested that the atrial ejection force was unlikely to have participated in this enhanced release of atrial natriuretic factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242273
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