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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • Colloid  (2)
  • Apis dorsata  (1)
  • Apis mellifera  (1)
Datenquelle
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
Schlagwörter
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Benefits of various dextrans after delayed therapy in necrotizing pancreatitis of the rat (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 1207-1213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Schlagwort(e): Acute pancreatitis ; Therapy ; Dextran ; Hypertonic ; Colloid ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Objective Ultrahigh-molecular dextran (500 000 DA) has been shown to prevent pancreatic necrosis when given 30 min after induction of pancreatitis. This study should clarify the following: (a) are dextrans still effective after prolongation of the therapy-free interval? (b) what is the impact of the molecular weight of the dextrans? and (c) is their effect influenced by the dextran concentration or by the addition of hypertonic saline? Animals and interventions Acute pancreatitis was induced in 70 male dextran-tolerant Wistar rats using intraductal bile-salt infusion and intravenous hyperstimulation. After 3 h, animals were assigned to one of seven groups (n=10 per group) receiving either Ringer solution or different dextrans (10%) including 70 000 Da (DEX-70), 160 000 Da (DEX-160), 300 000 Da (DEX-300) or 500 000 Da (DEX-500). Additional groups included DEX-70 (6%) and DEX-70 (10%) in combination with hypertonic NaCl (7.5%) (HHS-70). Ringer solution was given at 24 ml/kg and all dextrans at 8 ml/kg. Measurements and results Trypsinogen activation peptides (TAP) were quantified in ascites and acinar necrosis after death or sacrifice at 9 h. As an index of less pathological trypsinogen activation, the mean TAP levels in ascites were significatly lower in DEX-70 and DEX-160 compared to Ringer controls (p〈0.05,t-test). Furthermore, the amount of acinar necrosis was significantly lower in all dextran groups except the HHS-70 in comparison with Ringer controls (p〈0.01,t-test). Finally, mortality was significantly reduced from 60% in Ringer controls to 10 and 0%, respectively, in the groups treated with DEX-70 and DEX-160 (p〈0.03, Fisher's Exact test). There was a similar trend in all other groups except the HHS-70. Conclusions Despite a therapy-free interval of 3 h, dextrans reduce trypsinogen activation, prevent acinar necrosis, and improve survival in necrotizing rodent pancreatitis. The molecular weight and concentration of dextran are of secondary importance for these beneficial effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709338
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Benefits of various dextrans after delayed therapy in necrotizing pancreatitis of the rat (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 1207-1213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Acute pancreatitis ; Therapy ; Dextran ; Hypertonic ; Colloid ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Objective: Ultrahigh-molecular dextran (500000 Da) has been shown to prevent pancreatic necrosis when given 30 min after induction of pancreatitis. This study should clarify the following: (a) are dextrans still effective after prolongation of the therapy-free interval? (b) what is the impact of the molecular weight of the dextrans? and (c) is their effect influenced by the dextran concentration or by the addition of hypertonic saline? Animals and interventions: Acute pancreatitis was induced in 70 male dextran-tolerant Wistar rats using intraductal bile-salt infusion and intravenous hyperstimulation. After 3 h, animals were assigned to one of seven groups (n=10 per group) receiving either Ringer solution or different dextrans (10%) including 70000 Da (DEX-70), 160000 Da (DEX-160), 300000 Da (DEX-300) or 500000 Da (DEX-500). Additional groups included DEX-70 (6%) and DEX-70 (10%) in combination with hypertonic NaCl (7.5%) (HHS-70). Ringer solution was given at 24 ml/kg and all dextrans at 8 ml/kg. Measurements and results: Trypsinogen activation peptides (TAP) were quantified in ascites and acinar necrosis after death or sacrifice at 9 h. As an index of less pathological trypsinogen activation, the mean TAP levels in ascites were significantly lower in DEX-70 and DEX-160 compared to Ringer controls (p〈0.05, t-test). Furthermore, the amount of acinar necrosis was significantly lower in all dextran groups except the HHS-70 in comparison with Ringer controls (p〈0.01, t-test). Finally, mortality was significantly reduced from 60% in Ringer controls to 10 and 0%, respectively, in the groups treated with DEX-70 and DEX-160 (p〈0.03, Fisher‘s Exact test). There was a similar trend in all other groups except the HHS-70. Conclusions: Despite a therapy-free interval of 3 h, dextrans reduce trypsinogen activation, prevent acinar necrosis, and improve survival in necrotizing rodent pancreatitis. The molecular weight and concentration of dextran are of secondary importance for these beneficial effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709338
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    (Z)-11-Eicosen-1-ol, a Major Component of Apis cerana Venom (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 1929-1939 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): (Z)-11-Eicosen-1-ol ; octadecanol ; eicosanol ; docosenol ; alarm pheromone ; venom ; Apis cerana ; Apis koschevnikovi ; Apis dorsata ; Apidae ; Hymenoptera
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The unusual venom of Apis cerana contains large oily droplets within an otherwise aqueous secretion. Chemical analysis (GC-MS) revealed that the venom oil consists of (Z)-11-eicosen-1-ol (81.2%), other linear alcohols (7.7%), and linear hydrocarbons (11.1%). The eicosenol is present in extremely large quantities, averaging over 250 μg per insect, and is absent, or present in small quantities, in other parts of the sting apparatus. An investigation of the site of eicosenol storage in A. mellifera showed it to be absent from the venom and to be associated with the setose area where the more volatile components of the alarm pheromone are stored, as previously shown by others. A third honeybee species, A. dorsata, does not to contain the alcohol. The function of eicosenol in A. cerana in not clear, but may serve to mark stung intruders with pheromone or to attract foragers to marked floral resources.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006480.49252.df
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Attractant or Pheromone: The Case of Nasonov Secretion and Honeybee Swarms (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 2051-2056 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Apis mellifera ; linalool ; skatole ; clove ; undecanal ; nonanal ; citral ; geraniol ; nerolic acid ; geranic acid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Honeybees are attracted to a variety of odors, including the secretion of their Nasonov glands, a secretion that has been widely assumed to be an orientation and attraction pheromone. A crossover design experiment comparing synthetic Nasonov secretion with linalool, oil of clove, skatole, and wax moth sex pheromone was established to determine if Nasonov secretion serves as a true pheromone or is simply a general attractant for honeybee swarms. None of the test odors was more attractive than odorless controls, and in all comparisons, synthetic Nasonov secretion was significantly more attractive than the test odors or odorless controls. The results confirm that Nasonov secretion is a true pheromone in the context of attracting honeybee swarms to nest cavities and that environmentally present or apparent odors play little or no role in honeybee nest-seeking behavior.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021084706241
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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