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  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • Chemistry  (4)
  • Key words Biomechanics • Resultant hip force • Acetabular labrum • Acetabular dysplasia • Osteoarthritis  (1)
  • Key words MR-imaging • MR-Arthrography • Acetabular labrum • Labral lesion • Technique  (1)
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Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 27 (1998), S. 691-698 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Key words MR-imaging • MR-Arthrography • Acetabular labrum • Labral lesion • Technique ; Schlüsselwörter MRT • MRA • Labrum acetabulare • Labrumläsion • Untersuchungstechnik
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) mit ihrem hohen Weichteilkontrast ist die bildgebende Methode der Wahl zur Darstellung der intraartikulären Strukturen und der umgebenden Weichteile der Gelenke. Zur Diagnostik von Labrumläsionen des Hüftgelenks ist die Nativ-MRT jedoch nicht geeignet. Die MR-Arthrographie (MRA) des Hüftgelenks erlaubt durch die Distension des Gelenkraums und Markierung der Läsion die direkte Darstellung von Labrumläsionen. Multiplanare dreidimensionale (3D-)Sequenzen ermöglichen die Beurteilung in den entscheidenden kranioventralen Abschnitten. Die Labrumläsionen können mit der MRA in verschiedene, klinisch relevante Stadien eingeteilt werden. Zusätzlich ist auch die Darstellung von Begleitläsionen (intra- und extraossäre Ganglien, Streßödeme) möglich. In einer von uns durchgeführten Studie mit operativ verifizierten Fällen zeigte die MRA eine ausgezeichnete Sensitivität (90 %) und Treffsicherheit (91 %). Bei den inzwischen über 100 durchgeführten Arthrographien traten bisher keine Komplikationen auf. Aufgrund dieser Erfahrungen stellt die MRA die Methode der Wahl zur bildgebenden Diagnostik von Labrumläsionen dar. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit stellen wir die Technik und Ergebnisse der von uns verwendeten MRA-Methode vor.
    Notes: Summary Magnetic Resonance imaging with its excellent soft tissue contrast represents the method of choice for examination of intraarticular and periarticular structures of joints. However, conventional MR-imaging without intraarticular contrast application is not suitable for the diagnosis of labral lesions. MR-arthrography (MRA) of the hip clearly demonstrates labral pathology by distension of the joint space and entrance of the contrast medium into the lesion. Multiplanar 3-D-gradient echo sequences enable visualisation of the most important cranio-ventral portion of the labrum. With the MRA labral lesions can be subdivided into different, clinically relevant stages. Furthermore accompanying lesions (intra- and extraosseous ganglia, stress-bone marrow-edema) can be demonstrated. In our study including operatively verified cases, MRA showed excellent sensitivity (90 %) and accuracy (91 %) in detecting labral lesions. So far no complication occurred with more than 100 MRA's. Therefore this technique represents the method of choice for the radiological evaluation of labral lesions of the hip joint. In this review the technical details and results of our MRA method will be presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Key words Biomechanics • Resultant hip force • Acetabular labrum • Acetabular dysplasia • Osteoarthritis ; Schlüsselwörter Biomechanik • Hüftgelenksresultierende • Labrum acetabulare • Hüftdysplasie • Koxarthrose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Labrumläsion beim biomechanischen Fehlbau des Hüftgelenks ist Symptom der chronischen Gelenkinstabilität und Fehlbelastung. Durch die schräg und exzentrisch überdachende Facies lunata wird der Mechanismus der kongruenten Inkongruenz und das Prinzip des elastischen Hüftgelenks gestört. Der Hüftkopf wird gegen den ventrokraniolateralen Erker gedrängt und verursacht eine Streßkonzentration im dort gelegenen Labrum-Kapsel-Komplex. Dieser kompensiert vorübergehend als sekundärer Stabilisator die latente Instabilität solange bis früher oder später die Ruptur als Ausdruck der mechanischen Dekompensation eintritt. Dadurch verschlimmert sich die vorbestehende Instabilität und der Arthroseprozeß kann lawinenartig fortschreiten. Biomechanisch betrachtet ist die Labrumläsion sowohl „Symptom“ einer latenten Instabilität als auch „Auslöser“ und „Schrittmacher“ einer rasch fortschreitenden „sekundären“ Koxarthrose. Therapeutische Konsequenz ist deshalb die rechtzeitige Normalisierung des zugrundeliegenden Fehlbaus durch korrektive Osteotomien.
    Notes: Summary The capsular-labrum-complex consists of the triangular fibrocartilaginous labrum, which is fixed at the bony acetabular ring and supported by the ligamentum transversum actetabuli in the caudal part. In a normally developed and correctly orientated acetabulum, the femoral head is symmetrically covered by the contact area of the lunate surface. The vertical component of the resultant hip joint force concentrically meets the horizontal weight bearing surface: Evenly distributed compressive forces are transmitted; the capsular-labrum-complex does not have to compensate excessive shear or tension. In contrast, in a “dysplastic” acetabulum the femoral head is poorly covered by the pathologically orientated lunate surface: The lunate surface is sloping in an anterolateral direction, leading to tension and shear on the superolateral capsular-labrum-complex, which becomes a secondary stabilizer (“guide rail”) against the decentering femoral head. The vertical component of the resultant hip force eccentrically meets the oblique weight bearing surface, causing extra stress in the labrum: The capsular-labrum-complex is trying to compensate this biomechanical stress with hypertrophy (Type IB). Progressive mechanical decompensation of the capsular-labral-complex might lead to tears (Type IIB) or complete avulsions (Type IIIB) of the labrum. In conclusion labral lesions result from pathobiomechanics caused by residual hip dysplasia (RHD). Logically, the basic therapeutic principle can only be corrective osteotomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 71 (1999), S. 996-997 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 24 (1996), S. 263-270 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The chemical composition of thin segregation layers is calculated using elemental Auger spectra and considering the adsorption of residual gas components during analysis. We take into account that the coverage with oxygen is different for the different elements in the thin layer and that the shape of the Auger peaks is changed by the coverage. Application of the method is demonstrated for quantitative analysis ofin situfractured grain boundaries of B-doped Ni3Al bicrystals.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 26 (1998), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: AES depth profiling ; polycrystalline films ; sputtering-induced roughness ; AFM ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sputtering-induced surface roughness is the main source of degradation of the depth resolution observed during depth profiling of polycrystalline metals. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of polycrystalline Al films at different mean sputtered depths are used to calculate both the depth distribution function (DDF) and the angular distribution function (ADF) of the evolving Al grain surfaces. The shape of the DDF changes with increasing mean sputtered depth, which implies the generation of two different roughness stages during sputtering. However, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) depth profiling and AFM results show a linear increase of roughness vs. mean sputtered depth in the case of evaporated, polycrystalline Al films. A simple model is developed to calculate the AES intensity for a rough surface. The intensity behaviour as a function of the sputtering time depends on the ADF of microplanes and on the sample tilt angle and generally shows a marked decrease for high tilt angles. The sputtering rate distribution is determined using the DDF. A good fit of the AES depth profile of the Al film requires both the calculated intensity behaviour and the convolution using the DDF, which depends on the sputtering time. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 23 (1995), S. 809-814 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neural pattern recognition was used to analyse the low-energy Auger spectra of a thermally annealed Si/Ni/Si layered structure measured during the acquisition of a depth profile. The purpose was to gain information about the chemical state of the elements at the interfaces by processing the data in a way quite similar to conventional target factor analysis (TFA). The new approach, however, has some important advantages: no standards are required, it is extremely fast and it is fully automatic. In principle, there is only one arbitrary parameter, the vigilance parameter ρ, which sets a threshold for the level of similarity required for assuming two spectra as belonging to the same class of data. However, the requirement that the optimal value for ρ should correspond to the maximal correlation between the experimental data set and the recalculated spectra makes the system also robust against misconclusions based on subjective interpretation of the data set, which is not always the case in TFA.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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