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  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • Neurochirurgie  (1)
  • Parkinson's disease  (1)
  • Phenylacetaldehyde  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Offenes Foramen ovale ; Kontrastechokardiographie ; Neurochirurgie ; sitzende Position ; paradoxe Luftembolie ; Key words Patent foramen ovale ; Contrast echocardiography ; Neurosurgery ; Sitting position ; Paradoxical air embolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Background: The detection or ruling out of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) can be determined noninvasively by contrast echocardiography (CE). The transesophageal technique is superior to the transthoracic technique regarding sensitivity, whereas the specificity of both methods is equally high. This prospective study shows the rational use of transesophageal CE for the detection of a PFO, in patients without cardiovascular disorders. Methods: 165 patients (92 female, 73 male, age 48±18 years) with planned neuro-surgery in a sitting position, underwent CE to rule out a PFO. If the CE was positive, an alternative position was selected in order to avoid a paradoxical air embolism. Results: Initially, a transthoracic CE was performed in all patients resulting in 21 patients (13%) being positive and 39 patients (24%) being negative by sufficient image quality. A transesophageal CE was performed in 96 of the remaining 105 patients (63%). Here, further 25 patients showed a positive CE in the sense of a PFO. The combined use of transthoracic and transesophagel CE revealed a PFO in 46 of 165 patients (28%). Conclusion: The use of both, transthoracic and transesophageal CE is an efficient approach to the preoperative detection of a PFO in the sense of quality and economics. Depending upon the image quality, the use of a transesophageal examination could be avoided in one third of the cases.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die präoperative Kontrastechokardiographie (KE) wird zum Ausschluß eines offenen Foramen ovale (PFO) bei Patienten, die einer neurochirurgischen Intervention in sitzender Position unterzogen werden, eingesetzt. Die transösophageale (TEE) KE weist eine höhere Sensitivität in der Diagnostik eines PFO als die transthorakale (TTE) KE auf, während die Spezifität gleich hoch ist. Die Frage der vorliegenden prospektiven Studie war, in wie vielen Fällen die TEE-KE notwendig ist und von welchen Faktoren die Indikation beeinflußt wird. Patienten und Methodik: 165 Patienten (92 Frauen, 73 Männer, Alter 48±18 a) ohne kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen, die einer neurochirurgischen Operation in sitzender Position unterzogen werden sollten, wurden einer präoperativen KE zum Ausschluß eines PFO zugeführt. Bei allen Patienten wurde zuerst eine TTE-KE durchgeführt. Bei einem positiven Ergebnis wurde auf eine TEE-KE verzichtet. Eine negative TTE-KE wurde lediglich akzeptiert, wenn eine ausreichende transthorakale Schallqualität vorhanden war. In allen anderen Fällen wurde eine TEE-KE angeschlossen. Ergebnisse: Die TTE-KE verlief bei 21 (13%) Patienten positiv und bei 39 (24%) negativ. Bei 105 (63%) mußte aufgrund der insuffizienten Schallqualität eine TEE-KE angeschlossen werden. Dabei wiesen weitere 25 Patienten ein PFO auf. Insgesamt wurden unter der kombinierten Anwendung der TTE-KE und TEE-KE bei 46 Patienten (28%) ein PFO diagnostiziert. In 30% der Fälle konnte auf eine TEE-KE verzichtet werden, wobei der limitierende Faktor der TTE-KE die mangelnde Schallqualität war. Schlußfolgerung: Bei der präoperativen KE zur Diagnostik eines PFO kann in Abhängigkeit von der transthorakalen Schallqualität in 30% auf eine TEE verzichtet werden. Durch einen rationalen Einsatz der TEE-KE können Kosten und unnötige Belastungen des Patienten vermieden werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 168 (1997), S. 310-320 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key wordsThauera aromatica ; l-phenylalanine ; metabolism ; Phenylalanine transaminase ; Phenylpyruvate decarboxylase ; Phenylacetaldehyde ; dehydrogenase ; Phenylacetate-CoA ligase ; α-Oxidation ; of phenylacetyl-CoA ; Phenylglyoxylate:acceptor ; oxidoreductase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The anaerobic metabolism of phenylalanine was studied in the denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica, a member of the β-subclass of the Proteobacteria. Phenylalanine was completely oxidized and served as the sole source of cell carbon. Evidence is presented that degradation proceeds via benzoyl-CoA as the central aromatic intermediate; the aromatic ring-reducing enzyme benzoyl-CoA reductase was present in cells grown on phenylalanine. Intermediates in phenylalanine oxidation to benzoyl-CoA were phenylpyruvate, phenylacetaldehyde, phenylacetate, phenylacetyl-CoA, and phenylglyoxylate. The required enzymes were detected in extracts of cells grown with phenylalanine and nitrate. Oxidation of phenylalanine to benzoyl-CoA was catalyzed by phenylalanine transaminase, phenylpyruvate decarboxylase, phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+), phenylacetate-CoA ligase (AMP-forming), enzyme(s) oxidizing phenylacetyl-CoA to phenylglyoxylate with nitrate, and phenylglyoxylate:acceptor oxidoreductase. The capacity for phenylalanine oxidation to phenylacetate was induced during growth with phenylalanine. Evidence is provided that α-oxidation of phenylacetyl-CoA is catalyzed by a membrane-bound enzyme. This is the first report on the complete anaerobic degradation of an aromatic amino acid and the regulation of this process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; depression ; biogenic amines ; cerebrospinal fluid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Introduction. Etiology of depression in Parkinsons disease (PD) is associated with serotonergic dysfunction. Previous studies, supporting this hypothesis, were performed on patients treated with antiparkinsonian drugs. To eliminate the influence of parkinsonian drug therapy and to elucidate significance of different biochemical pathways in PD associated with depression we determined levels of biogenic amines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 26 untreated “de novo” Parkinsonian patients.Material and methods. Patients were scored with the Hamilton depression scale (HD) and subdivided into groups with HD score ≥ 18 and HD score 〈18. Diagnosis of depression was made according to DSM III R. Both groups were matched for age and motor disability.Results. In both groups no significant differences appeared between CSF levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.Discussion. In contrast to previous studies on treated Parkinsonian patients no sign of altered serotonin metabolism especially in context with severity of depression in early stages of PD was found. Due to our results, we suggest, that biochemical markers of depression in CSF of PD may be influenced by antiparkinsonian therapy and that depression in PD may respond to serotonin reuptake inhibitors mainly in later stages of PD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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